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Jin J, Chen W, Xu C, Pooe OJ, Xie Y, Shen C, Meng M, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Liu X, Liu Y. Rational design and application of broad-spectrum antibodies for Bt Cry toxins determination. Anal Biochem 2024; 693:115584. [PMID: 38843975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Using the amino acid sequences and analysis of selected known structures of Bt Cry toxins, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Ah, Cry1B, Cry1C and Cry1F we specifically designed immunogens. After antibodies selection, broad-spectrum polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) and monoclonal antibody (namely 1A0-mAb) were obtained from rabbit and mouse, respectively. The produced pAbs displayed broad spectrum activity by recognizing Cry1 toxin, Cry2Aa, Cry2Ab and Cry3Aa with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.12-9.86 μg/mL. Similarly, 1A0-mAb showed broad spectrum activity, recognizing all of the above Cry protein (IC50 values of 4.66-20.46 μg/mL) with the exception of Cry2Aa. Using optimizations studies, 1A10-mAb was used as a capture antibody and pAbs as detection antibody. Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISAs) were established for Cry1 toxin, Cry2Ab and Cry3Aa with the limit of detection (LOD) values of 2.36-36.37 ng/mL, respectively. The present DAS-ELISAs had good accuracy and precisions for the determination of Cry toxin spiked tap water, corn, rice, soybeans and soil samples. In conclusion, the present study has successfully obtained broad-spectrum pAbs and mAb. Furthermore, the generated pAbs- and mAb-based DAS-ELISAs protocol can potentially be used for the broad-spectrum monitoring of eight common subtypes of Bt Cry toxins residues in food and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Chongxin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Ofentse Jacob Pooe
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Yajing Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xianjin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Lu F, Wu X, Zhang F, Wu J, Yuan Z, Wang B, Tan G, Guo S. Comparison of single-chain variable fragments and monoclonal antibody against dihydroartemisinin. J Immunol Methods 2024; 532:113728. [PMID: 39059746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Immunoassay relies on antibodies, but traditional antibodies such as monoclonal antibody (mAb) require animal immunization and complex procedures. Single-chain variable fragment (scFv) becomes a potential alternative to mAb with advantages of the low cost, rapid and easy prepared. In the present study, we prepared scFvs against dihydroartemisinin (DHA) based on E. coli and HEK293T cell expression system, named MBP-scFv and scFv-Fc, respectively. Their properties were compared with the parent mAb. The calculated affinity constants of mAb, MBP-scFv and scFv-Fc were 2.1 × 108 L mol-1, 2.2 × 107 L mol-1 and 1.6 × 108 L mol-1, respectively. The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of mAb, MBP-scFv and scFv-Fc were 1.16 ng mL-1, 2.15 ng mL-1 and 6.57 ng mL-1, respectively. Both the scFv showed less sensitive than the mAb based on the IC50. The cross-reactivities of MBP-scFv for artemisinin and artesunate exhibited similarities to the mAb, yet the cross-reactivities of scFv-Fc for these compounds exceeded those of the mAb significantly. The stability of the scFvs was ascertained to be maintained for over 5 days at room temperature, and for more than a month at both 4 °C and - 20 °C. After that, the indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (icELISAs) based on the scFv from E. coli were used to detect the DHA content in eight drug samples, and the result was consistent with ultra-performance liquid chromatography simultaneously. Although scFv can be used for quantitative determination of drugs, but it still cannot completely replace mAb in immunoassay without evolution and modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lu
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China
| | - Xiqun Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China
| | - Fa Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China; Key Laboratory of High-Quality Formation and Utilization of Dao-Di Herbs, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China
| | - Zhaodong Yuan
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China
| | - Baomin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Guiyu Tan
- Key Laboratory of High-Quality Formation and Utilization of Dao-Di Herbs, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China.
| | - Suqin Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China.
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Deng W, Wang D, Dai P, Hong Y, Xiong J, Duan L, Lu R, Wan J, Du H, Hammock BD, Yang W. Development of a sensitive direct competitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for gentamicin based on the construction of a specific single-chain variable fragment-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein. Microchem J 2024; 197:109706. [PMID: 38283367 PMCID: PMC10810264 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.109706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
A sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) was established for the determination of gentamicin (GEN) residue levels in animal tissue. This assay is based on a fusion protein of single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and alkaline phosphatase (AP). Initially, VL and VH derived from anti-gentamicin monoclonal antibody were linked by a short peptide to construct a scFv. Subsequently, the constructed scFv sequence was accessed into the pLIP6/GN vector, and a soluble scFv-AP fusion protein was generated. The scFv-AP fusion protein was used to develop a direct competitive CLEIA (dcCLEIA) for the determination of gentamicin. In the dcCLEIA, the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) and limit of detection (LOD) were 1.073 ng/mL and 0.380 ng/mL, respectively. The average recoveries of gentamicin spiked in animal tissue samples ranged from 78% to 96%. These results showed a strong correlation with ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The above results suggest that the anti-GEN scFv-AP fusion protein is suitable for detecting gentamicin residues in edible animal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Peng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yanping Hong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jianhua Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Luying Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ruimin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jianchun Wan
- Technology Center of Nanchang Customs District, Nanchang 330038, China
| | - Huaying Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Wuying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City/College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
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