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Thakur S, Blotra A, Vasudevan K, Malhotra A, Lalremsanga HT, Santra V, Doley R. Proteome Decomplexation of Trimeresurus erythrurus Venom from Mizoram, India. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:215-225. [PMID: 36516484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Green pit vipers are the largest group of venomous vipers in tropical and subtropical Asia, which are responsible for most of the bite cases across this region. Among the green pit vipers of the Indian subcontinent, Trimeresurus erythrurus is the most prevalent; however, limited knowledge is available about its venomics. Proteome decomplexation of T. erythrurus venom using mass spectrometry revealed a blend of 53 different proteins/peptides belonging to 10 snake venom protein families. Phospholipase A2 and snake venom serine proteases were found to be the major enzymatic families, and Snaclec was the major nonenzymatic family in this venom. These protein families might be responsible for consumptive coagulopathy in victims. Along with these, snake venom metalloproteases, l-amino acid oxidases, disintegrins, and cysteine-rich secretory proteins were also found, which might be responsible for inducing painful edema, tissue necrosis, blistering, and defibrination in patients. Protein belonging to C-type lectins, C-type natriuretic peptides, and glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransfreases were also observed as trace proteins. The crude venom shows platelet aggregation in the absence of any agonist, suggesting their role in alterations in platelet functions. This study is the first proteomic analysis of T. erythrurus venom, contributing an overview of different snake venom proteins/peptides responsible for various pathophysiological disorders obtained in patients. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD038311.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Thakur
- Molecular Toxinology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, Napaam784028, India
| | - Avni Blotra
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad500048, India
| | - Karthikeyan Vasudevan
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad500048, India
| | - Anita Malhotra
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution at Bangor, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, BangorLL57 2UW, Gwynedd, U.K
| | - Hmar Tlawmte Lalremsanga
- Developmental Biology and Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl796004, Mizoram, India
| | - Vishal Santra
- Society for Nature Conservation, Research and Community Engagement (CONCERN), Nalikul, Hooghly, West Bengal712407, India.,Captive and Field Herpetology, 13 Hirfron, AngleseyLL65 1YU, Wales, U.K.,Gujarat Forest Department, Consultant - Snake Research Institute, Dharampur, Valsad, Gujarat396050, India
| | - Robin Doley
- Molecular Toxinology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, Napaam784028, India
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Chan KO, Sind LI, Thong LI, Ananthanarayanan S, Rasu S, Aowphol A, Rujirawan A, Anuar S, Mulcahy D, Grismer JL, Grismer LL. Phylogeography of mangrove pit vipers (Viperidae,
Trimeresurus erythrurus‐purpureomaculatus
complex). ZOOL SCR 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kin Onn Chan
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Law Ing Sind
- Herpetological Society of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Sankar Ananthanarayanan
- Herpetological Society of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Shivaram Rasu
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Herpetological Society of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Anchalee Aowphol
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Attapol Rujirawan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Shahrul Anuar
- School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia
| | - Daniel Mulcahy
- Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz‐Institut für Evolutions‐ und Biodiversitätsforschung Berlin Germany
| | - Jesse L. Grismer
- Department of Biology La Sierra University Riverside California USA
| | - L. Lee Grismer
- Department of Biology La Sierra University Riverside California USA
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Proteomics and preclinical antivenom neutralization of the mangrove pit viper (Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus, Malaysia) and white-lipped pit viper (Trimeresurus albolabris, Thailand) venoms. Acta Trop 2020; 209:105528. [PMID: 32442435 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zainal Abidin SA, Rajadurai P, Chowdhury MEH, Ahmad Rusmili MR, Othman I, Naidu R. Proteomic Characterization and Comparison of Malaysian Tropidolaemus wagleri and Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus Venom Using Shotgun-Proteomics. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8100299. [PMID: 27763534 PMCID: PMC5086659 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropidolaemus wagleri and Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus are venomous pit viper species commonly found in Malaysia. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the crude venoms has detected different proteins in T. wagleri and C. purpureomaculatus. They were classified into 13 venom protein families consisting of enzymatic and nonenzymatic proteins. Enzymatic families detected in T. wagleri and C. purpureomaculatus venom were snake venom metalloproteinase, phospholipase A2, l-amino acid oxidase, serine proteases, 5′-nucleotidase, phosphodiesterase, and phospholipase B. In addition, glutaminyl cyclotransferase was detected in C. purpureomaculatus. C-type lectin-like proteins were common nonenzymatic components in both species. Waglerin was present and unique to T. wagleri—it was not in C. purpureomaculatus venom. In contrast, cysteine-rich secretory protein, bradykinin-potentiating peptide, and C-type natriuretic peptide were present in C. purpureomaculatus venom. Composition of the venom proteome of T. wagleri and C. purpureomaculatus provides useful information to guide production of effective antivenom and identification of proteins with potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syafiq Asnawi Zainal Abidin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Pathmanathan Rajadurai
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
- Ramsay Sime Darby Healthcare, Sime Darby Medical Centre, No. 1, Jalan SS12/1A, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Md Ezharul Hoque Chowdhury
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Muhamad Rusdi Ahmad Rusmili
- Kuliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur 25200, Malaysia.
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
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C-type lectin-like proteins from snake venoms. Toxicon 2012; 60:512-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Clemetson KJ. Snaclecs (snake C-type lectins) that inhibit or activate platelets by binding to receptors. Toxicon 2010; 56:1236-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lu Q, Clemetson JM, Clemetson KJ. SNAKE VENOM C-TYPE LECTINS INTERACTING WITH PLATELET RECEPTORS. TOXIN REV 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/15569540600567438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hooley E, Papagrigoriou E, Navdaev A, Pandey AV, Clemetson JM, Clemetson KJ, Emsley J. The crystal structure of the platelet activator aggretin reveals a novel (alphabeta)2 dimeric structure. Biochemistry 2008; 47:7831-7. [PMID: 18597489 DOI: 10.1021/bi800528t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aggretin is a C-type lectin purified from Calloselasma rhodostoma snake venom. It is a potent activator of platelets, resulting in a collagen-like response by binding and clustering platelet receptor CLEC-2. We present here the crystal structure of aggretin at 1.7 A which reveals a unique tetrameric quaternary structure. The two alphabeta heterodimers are arranged through 2-fold rotational symmetry, resulting in an antiparallel side-by-side arrangement. Aggretin thus presents two ligand binding sites on one surface and can therefore cluster ligands in a manner reminiscent of convulxin and flavocetin. To examine the molecular basis of the interaction with CLEC-2, we used a molecular modeling approach of docking the aggretin alphabeta structure with the CLEC-2 N-terminal domain (CLEC-2N). This model positions the CLEC-2N structure face down in the "saddle"-shaped binding site which lies between the aggretin alpha and beta lectin-like domains. A 2-fold rotation of this complex to generate the aggretin tetramer reveals dimer contacts for CLEC-2N which bring the N- and C-termini into the proximity of each other, and a series of contacts involving two interlocking beta-strands close to the N-terminus are described. A comparison with homologous lectin-like domains from the immunoreceptor family reveals a similar but not identical dimerization mode, suggesting this structure may represent the clustered form of CLEC-2 capable of signaling across the platelet membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hooley
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK
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Osipov AV, Kasheverov IE, Makarova YV, Starkov VG, Vorontsova OV, Ziganshin RK, Andreeva TV, Serebryakova MV, Benoit A, Hogg RC, Bertrand D, Tsetlin VI, Utkin YN. Naturally occurring disulfide-bound dimers of three-fingered toxins: a paradigm for biological activity diversification. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:14571-80. [PMID: 18381281 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m802085200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disulfide-bound dimers of three-fingered toxins have been discovered in the Naja kaouthia cobra venom; that is, the homodimer of alpha-cobratoxin (a long-chain alpha-neurotoxin) and heterodimers formed by alpha-cobratoxin with different cytotoxins. According to circular dichroism measurements, toxins in dimers retain in general their three-fingered folding. The functionally important disulfide 26-30 in polypeptide loop II of alpha-cobratoxin moiety remains intact in both types of dimers. Biological activity studies showed that cytotoxins within dimers completely lose their cytotoxicity. However, the dimers retain most of the alpha-cobratoxin capacity to compete with alpha-bungarotoxin for binding to Torpedo and alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) as well as to Lymnea stagnalis acetylcholine-binding protein. Electrophysiological experiments on neuronal nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes have shown that alpha-cobratoxin dimer not only interacts with alpha7 nAChR but, in contrast to alpha-cobratoxin monomer, also blocks alpha3beta2 nAChR. In the latter activity it resembles kappa-bungarotoxin, a dimer with no disulfides between monomers. These results demonstrate that dimerization is essential for the interaction of three-fingered neurotoxins with heteromeric alpha3beta2 nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Osipov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Lu Q, Navdaev A, Clemetson JM, Clemetson KJ. Snake venom C-type lectins interacting with platelet receptors. Structure–function relationships and effects on haemostasis. Toxicon 2005; 45:1089-98. [PMID: 15876445 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Snake venoms contain components that affect the prey either by neurotoxic or haemorrhagic effects. The latter category affect haemostasis either by inhibiting or activating platelets or coagulation factors. They fall into several types based upon structure and mode of action. A major class is the snake C-type lectins or C-type lectin-like family which shows a typical folding like that in classic C-type lectins such as the selectins and mannose-binding proteins. Those in snake venoms are mostly based on a heterodimeric structure with two subunits alpha and beta, which are often oligomerized to form larger molecules. Simple heterodimeric members of this family have been shown to inhibit platelet functions by binding to GPIb but others activate platelets via the same receptor. Some that act via GPIb do so by inducing von Willebrand factor to bind to it. Another series of snake C-type lectins activate platelets by binding to GPVI while yet another series uses the integrin alpha(2)beta(1) to affect platelet function. The structure of more and more of these C-type lectins have now been, and are being, determined, often together with their ligands, casting light on binding sites and mechanisms. In addition, it is relatively easy to model the structure of the C-type lectins if the primary structure is known. These studies have shown that these proteins are quite a complex group, often with more than one platelet receptor as ligand and although superficially some appear to act as inhibitors, in fact most function by inducing thrombocytopenia by various routes. The relationship between structure and function in this group of venom proteins will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Lu
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Berne, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Berne, Switzerland
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Sugawara S, Hosono M, Ogawa Y, Takayanagi M, Nitta K. Molecular and Sugar-Binding Heterogeneity of C-Type Lectins from Osmerus (Spirinchus) lanceolatus Eggs. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:791-6. [PMID: 15863880 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two C-type lectins (OLLafs and OLLafl) were isolated from Osmerus (Spirinchus) lanceolatus eggs using asialofetuin-Sepharose column. OLLafs and OLLafl were eluted with 0.2 M sucrose and 0.2 M lactose from the same column, respectively. OLLafl has been estimated to be a heterodimeric protein composed of H- and L-subunit and involved C-type lectin like domain (CTLD). In this study we revealed that OLLafs was a homodimeric protein composed of L-subunit of OLLafl. Although adding EDTA diminished the hemagglutinating activity of OLLafs, the activity of OLLafl was not influenced. Recombinant lectins (rOLLafl-H and -L) and mutant lectins replaced Cys(123, 131 and 136) with Ala (mOLLafl-L(123, 131 and 136)) were established. The activity of mOLLafl-L(136) was comparable to rOLLafl-L, and rOLLafl-H was 15 times lower than rOLLafl-L. On the other hand, the activity of mOLLafl-L(123) and mOLLafl-L(131) were lower than that of rOLLafl-H. Therefore, Cys(136) may not participate in hemagglutinating activity of rOLLafl-L. In contrast, Cys(123) and Cys(131) may partially contribute this activity. Although hemagglutination inhibition profiles of rOLLafl-L, rOLLafl-H and mOLLafl-L(136) were similar, m-OLLafl-L(131)-induced hemagglutination was not inhibited by any sugars tested even at a concentration of 150 mM. Then, Cys(131) may directly contribute to the sugar-binding capacity of OLLafl. Affinities of mOLLafl-L(123) for these sugars were lower than the others. These results suggest that Cys(136) might contribute to the intermolecular disulfide bond in the rOLLafl-L dimer, and that the intramolecular disulfide bond concerning Cys(131) might important for lectin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Sugawara
- Cancer Research Institute, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
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