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Rastogi RP, Sinha RP, Moh SH, Lee TK, Kottuparambil S, Kim YJ, Rhee JS, Choi EM, Brown MT, Häder DP, Han T. Ultraviolet radiation and cyanobacteria. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 141:154-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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A novel glutaredoxin domain-containing peroxiredoxin ‘All1541’ protects the N2-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120 from oxidative stress. Biochem J 2012; 442:671-80. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20111877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Prxs (peroxiredoxins) are ubiquitous thiol-based peroxidases that detoxify toxic peroxides. The Anabaena PCC 7120 genome harbours seven genes/ORFs (open reading frames) which have homology with Prxs. One of these (all1541) was identified to encode a novel Grx (glutaredoxin) domain-containing Prx by bioinformatic analysis. A recombinant N-terminal histidine-tagged All1541 protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Analysis with the protein alkylating agent AMS (4-acetamido-4′-maleimidyl-stilbene-2,2′-disulfonate) showed All1541 to form an intra-molecular disulfide bond. The All1541 protein used glutathione (GSH) more efficiently than Trx (thioredoxin) to detoxify H2O2. Deletion of the Grx domain from All1541 resulted in loss of GSH-dependent peroxidase activity. Employing site-directed mutagenesis, the cysteine residues at positions 50 and 75 were identified as peroxidatic and resolving cysteine residues respectively, whereas both the cysteine residues within the Grx domain (positions 181 and 184) were shown to be essential for GSH-dependent peroxidase activity. On the basis of these data, a reaction mechanism has been proposed for All1541. In vitro All1541 protein protected plasmid DNA from oxidative damage. In Anabaena PCC 7120, all1541 was transcriptionally activated under oxidative stress. Recombinant Anabaena PCC 7120 strain overexpressing All1541 protein showed superior oxidative stress tolerance to H2O2 as compared with the wild-type strain. The results suggest that the glutathione-dependent peroxidase All1541 plays an important role in protecting Anabaena from oxidative stress.
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Giglio S, Saint CP, Monis PT. EXPRESSION OF THE GEOSMIN SYNTHASE GENE IN THE CYANOBACTERIUM ANABAENA CIRCINALIS AWQC318(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2011; 47:1338-1343. [PMID: 27020357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of taste and odor episodes attributed to geosmin continues to trouble water utilities worldwide, and only recently have advances been made in our fundamental understanding of the biochemical and genetic mechanisms responsible for the production of geosmin in microorganisms. For the first time, we have examined the expression of the geosmin synthase gene and corresponding geosmin production by Anabaena circinalis Rabenh. ex Bornet et Flahault AWQC318 under conditions of continuous light illumination and the removal of light as a stimulus and demonstrate that the expression of geosmin synthase appears to be constitutive under these conditions. The decrease in geosmin synthase transcription post maximum cell numbers and stationary phase suggests that a decrease in isoprenoid synthesis may occur before a decrease in the transcription of ribosomal units as the process of cell death is initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Giglio
- Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, AustraliaSA Water Centre for Water Management and Reuse, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Christopher P Saint
- Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, AustraliaSA Water Centre for Water Management and Reuse, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Paul T Monis
- Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, AustraliaSA Water Centre for Water Management and Reuse, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia Department of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia
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Couturier J, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Evolution and diversity of glutaredoxins in photosynthetic organisms. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:2539-57. [PMID: 19506802 PMCID: PMC11115520 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The genome sequencing of prokaryotic and eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms enables a comparative genomic study of the glutaredoxin (Grx) family. The analysis of 58 genomes, using a specific motif composed of the active site sequence and of amino acids involved in glutathione binding, led to an updated classification of Grxs into six classes. Only two classes (I and II) are common to all photosynthetic organisms. Eukaryotes and cyanobacteria have two specific Grx classes (classes III and IV and classes V and VI, respectively). The classes IV, V and VI have not yet been identified and contain multimodular Grx fusions. In addition, putative Grx partners were identified from the presence of fusion proteins, the conservation of gene order in bacterial operons, and the gene co-occurrence. The genes encoding class II Grxs and BolA/YrbA proteins are frequently adjacent, in the same transcriptional orientation in prokaryote genomes and present in the same organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturier
- Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, IFR 110 Génomique Ecophysiologie et Ecologie Fonctionnelles, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 INRA-Nancy Université, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, IFR 110 Génomique Ecophysiologie et Ecologie Fonctionnelles, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 INRA-Nancy Université, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, IFR 110 Génomique Ecophysiologie et Ecologie Fonctionnelles, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 INRA-Nancy Université, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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Alves R, Vilaprinyo E, Sorribas A, Herrero E. Evolution based on domain combinations: the case of glutaredoxins. BMC Evol Biol 2009; 9:66. [PMID: 19321008 PMCID: PMC2679010 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein domains represent the basic units in the evolution of proteins. Domain duplication and shuffling by recombination and fusion, followed by divergence are the most common mechanisms in this process. Such domain fusion and recombination events are predicted to occur only once for a given multidomain architecture. However, other scenarios may be relevant in the evolution of specific proteins, such as convergent evolution of multidomain architectures. With this in mind, we study glutaredoxin (GRX) domains, because these domains of approximately one hundred amino acids are widespread in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes and participate in fusion proteins. GRXs are responsible for the reduction of protein disulfides or glutathione-protein mixed disulfides and are involved in cellular redox regulation, although their specific roles and targets are often unclear. Results In this work we analyze the distribution and evolution of GRX proteins in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes. We study over one thousand GRX proteins, each containing at least one GRX domain, from hundreds of different organisms and trace the origin and evolution of the GRX domain within the tree of life. Conclusion Our results suggest that single domain GRX proteins of the CGFS and CPYC classes have, each, evolved through duplication and divergence from one initial gene that was present in the last common ancestor of all organisms. Remarkably, we identify a case of convergent evolution in domain architecture that involves the GRX domain. Two independent recombination events of a TRX domain to a GRX domain are likely to have occurred, which is an exception to the dominant mechanism of domain architecture evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Alves
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
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Bernroitner M, Zamocky M, Furtmüller PG, Peschek GA, Obinger C. Occurrence, phylogeny, structure, and function of catalases and peroxidases in cyanobacteria. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2009; 60:423-40. [PMID: 19129167 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria have evolved approximately 3x10(9) years ago from ancient phototrophic microorganisms that already lived on our planet Earth. By opening the era of an aerobic, oxygen-containing biosphere, they are the true pacemakers of geological and biological evolution. Cyanobacteria must have been among the first organisms to elaborate mechanisms for the detoxification of partially reduced oxygen species including (hydrogen) peroxide. Since there is still an suprising lack of knowledge on the type, role, and mechanism(s) of peroxide-degrading enzymes in these bacteria, all 44 fully or partially sequenced genomes for haem and non-haem catalases and peroxidases have been critically analysed based on well known structure-function relationships of the corresponding oxidoreductases. It is demonstrated that H(2)O(2)-dismutating enzymes are mainly represented by bifunctional (haem) catalase-peroxidases and (binuclear) manganese catalases, with the latter being almost exclusively found in diazotrophic species. Several strains even lack a gene that encodes an enzyme with catalase activity. Two groups of peroxidases are found. Genes encoding putative (primordial) haem peroxidases (with homology to corresponding mammalian enzymes) and vanadium-containing iodoperoxidases are found only in a few species, whereas genes encoding peroxiredoxins (1-Cys, 2-Cys, type II, and Q-type) are ubiquitous in cyanobacteria. In addition, approximately 70% contain NADPH-dependent glutathione peroxidase-like proteins. The occurrence and phylogeny of these enzymes is discussed, as well as the present knowledge of their physiological role(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Bernroitner
- BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Metalloprotein Research Group, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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