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Bhakta K, Roy M, Samanta S, Ghosh A. Functional diversity in archaeal Hsp60: a molecular mosaic of Group I and Group II chaperonin. FEBS J 2024; 291:4323-4348. [PMID: 38923213 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
External stress disrupts the balance of protein homeostasis, necessitating the involvement of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in restoring equilibrium and ensuring cellular survival. The thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, lacks the conventional Hsp100, Hsp90, and Hsp70, relying solely on a single ATP-dependent Group II chaperonin, Hsp60, comprising three distinct subunits (α, β, and γ) to refold unfolded substrates and maintain protein homeostasis. Hsp60 forms three different complexes, namely Hsp60αβγ, Hsp60αβ, and Hsp60β, at temperatures of 60 °C, 75 °C, and 90 °C, respectively. This study delves into the intricacies of Hsp60 complexes in S. acidocaldarius, uncovering their ability to form oligomeric structures in the presence of ATP. The recognition of substrates by Hsp60 involves hydrophobic interactions, and the subsequent refolding process occurs in an ATP-dependent manner through charge-driven interactions. Furthermore, the Hsp60β homo-oligomeric complex can protect the archaeal and eukaryotic membrane from stress-induced damage. Hsp60 demonstrates nested cooperativity in ATP hydrolysis activity, where MWC-type cooperativity is nested within KNF-type cooperativity. Remarkably, during ATP hydrolysis, Hsp60β, and Hsp60αβ complexes exhibit a mosaic behavior, aligning with characteristics observed in both Group I and Group II chaperonins, adding a layer of complexity to their functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koustav Bhakta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Mousam Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Shirsha Samanta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhrajyoti Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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2
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Roy M, Bhakta K, Ghosh A. Minimal Yet Powerful: The Role of Archaeal Small Heat Shock Proteins in Maintaining Protein Homeostasis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:832160. [PMID: 35647036 PMCID: PMC9133787 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.832160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHsp) are a ubiquitous group of ATP-independent chaperones found in all three domains of life. Although sHsps in bacteria and eukaryotes have been studied extensively, little information was available on their archaeal homologs until recently. Interestingly, archaeal heat shock machinery is strikingly simplified, offering a minimal repertoire of heat shock proteins to mitigate heat stress. sHsps play a crucial role in preventing protein aggregation and holding unfolded protein substrates in a folding-competent form. Besides protein aggregation protection, archaeal sHsps have been shown recently to stabilize membranes and contribute to transferring captured substrate proteins to chaperonin for refolding. Furthermore, recent studies on archaeal sHsps have shown that environment-induced oligomeric plasticity plays a crucial role in maintaining their functional form. Despite being prokaryotes, the archaeal heat shock protein repository shares several features with its highly sophisticated eukaryotic counterpart. The minimal nature of the archaeal heat shock protein repository offers ample scope to explore the function and regulation of heat shock protein(s) to shed light on their evolution. Moreover, similar structural dynamics of archaeal and human sHsps have made the former an excellent system to study different chaperonopathies since archaeal sHsps are more stable under in vitro experiments.
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3
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Roy M, Bhakta K, Bhowmick A, Gupta S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A. Archaeal Hsp14 drives substrate shuttling between small heat shock proteins and thermosome: insights into a novel substrate transfer pathway. FEBS J 2021; 289:1080-1104. [PMID: 34637594 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins maintain protein homeostasis and facilitate the survival of an organism under stress. Archaeal heat shock machinery usually consists of only sHsps, Hsp70, and Hsp60. Moreover, Hsp70 is absent in thermophilic and hyperthermophilic archaea. In the absence of Hsp70, how aggregating protein substrates are transferred to Hsp60 for refolding remains elusive. Here, we investigated the crosstalk in the heat shock response pathway of thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. In the present study, we biophysically and biochemically characterized one of the small heat shock proteins, Hsp14, of S. acidocaldarius. Moreover, we investigated its ability to interact with Hsp20 and Hsp60 to facilitate the substrate proteins' folding under stress conditions. Like Hsp20, we demonstrated that the dimer is the active form of Hsp14, and it forms an oligomeric storage form at a higher temperature. More importantly, the dynamics of the Hsp14 oligomer are maintained by rapid subunit exchange between the dimeric states, and the rate of subunit exchange increases with increasing temperature. We also tested the ability of Hsp14 to form hetero-oligomers via subunit exchange with Hsp20. We observed hetero-oligomer formation only at higher temperatures (50 °C-70 °C). Furthermore, experiments were performed to investigate the interaction between small heat shock proteins and Hsp60. We demonstrated an enthalpy-driven direct physical interaction between Hsp14 and Hsp60. Our results revealed that Hsp14 could transfer sHsp-captured substrate proteins to Hsp60, which then refolds them back to their active form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousam Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Koustav Bhakta
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Anupama Ghosh
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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4
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Spigolon D, Gallagher DT, Velazquez-Campoy A, Bulone D, Narang J, San Biagio PL, Cappello F, Macario AJL, Conway de Macario E, Robb FT. Quantitative analysis of the impact of a human pathogenic mutation on the CCT5 chaperonin subunit using a proxy archaeal ortholog. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 12:66-71. [PMID: 29552646 PMCID: PMC5851525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The human chaperonin complex is a ~ 1 MDa nanomachine composed of two octameric rings formed from eight similar but non-identical subunits called CCT. Here, we are elucidating the mechanism of a heritable CCT5 subunit mutation that causes profound neuropathy in humans. In previous work, we introduced an equivalent mutation in an archaeal chaperonin that assembles into two octameric rings like in humans but in which all subunits are identical. We reported that the hexadecamer formed by the mutant subunit is unstable with impaired chaperoning functions. This study quantifies the loss of structural stability in the hexadecamer due to the pathogenic mutation, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The disassembly of the wild type complex, which is tightly coupled with subunit denaturation, was decoupled by the mutation without affecting the stability of individual subunits. Our results verify the effectiveness of the homo-hexadecameric archaeal chaperonin as a proxy to assess the impact of subtle defects in heterologous systems with mutations in a single subunit. A crippling hereditary neuropathy was addressed at the molecular level. The archaeal/CCT5 model represents a promising testbed for subtle defects. The homomeric archaeal model amplifies the effect of the mutation. The mutation decouples assembly without destabilizing individual subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Spigolon
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), Rockville, MD, USA.,Institute of Biophysics, UOS Palermo, National Research Council, Italy.,Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - D Travis Gallagher
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Adrian Velazquez-Campoy
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units: BIFI-IQFR and GBsC-CSIC,Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain.,Fundacion ARAID, Government of Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Donatella Bulone
- Institute of Biophysics, UOS Palermo, National Research Council, Italy
| | - Jatin Narang
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Human Anatomy Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Alberto J L Macario
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, USA.,Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, USA.,Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Frank T Robb
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), Rockville, MD, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, USA.,Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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5
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A human CCT5 gene mutation causing distal neuropathy impairs hexadecamer assembly in an archaeal model. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6688. [PMID: 25345891 PMCID: PMC4209464 DOI: 10.1038/srep06688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperonins mediate protein folding in a cavity formed by multisubunit rings. The human CCT has eight non-identical subunits and the His147Arg mutation in one subunit, CCT5, causes neuropathy. Knowledge is scarce on the impact of this and other mutations upon the chaperone's structure and functions. To make progress, experimental models must be developed. We used an archaeal mutant homolog and demonstrated that the His147Arg mutant has impaired oligomeric assembly, ATPase activity, and defective protein homeostasis functions. These results establish for the first time that a human chaperonin gene defect can be reproduced and studied at the molecular level with an archaeal homolog. The major advantage of the system, consisting of rings with eight identical subunits, is that it amplifies the effects of a mutation as compared with the human counterpart, in which just one subunit per ring is defective. Therefore, the slight deficit of a non-lethal mutation can be detected and characterized.
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Kurouski D, Luo H, Sereda V, Robb FT, Lednev IK. Deconstruction of stable cross-Beta fibrillar structures into toxic and nontoxic products using a mutated archaeal chaperonin. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:2095-101. [PMID: 23875676 DOI: 10.1021/cb400238a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our group recently determined that a mutant archaeal chaperonin (Hsp 60) exhibited substantially enhanced protein folding activity at low temperatures and was able to deconstruct refractory protein aggregates. ATP dependent conversion of fibril structures into amorphous aggregates was observed in insulin amyloid preparations (Kurouski et al. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2012). In the current study, mechanistic insights into insulin fibril deconstruction were obtained by examination of early stage complexes between Hsp60 and fibrils in the absence of ATP. Activity of the Hsp60 was significantly curtailed without ATP; however, some fibril deconstruction occurred, which is consistent with some models of the folding cycle that predict initial removal of unproductive protein folds. Chaperonin molecules adsorbed on the fibril surface and formed chaperonin clusters with no ATP present. We propose that there are specific locations on the fibril surface where chaperonin can unravel the fibril to release short fragments. Spontaneous coagulation of these fibril fragments resulted in the formation of amorphous aggregates without the release of insulin into solution. The addition of ATP significantly increased the toxicity of the insulin fibril-chaperonin reaction products toward mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Chemistry, University
at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Haibin Luo
- Department of Microbiology and
Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Valentin Sereda
- Department of Chemistry, University
at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Frank T. Robb
- Department of Microbiology and
Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Igor K. Lednev
- Department of Chemistry, University
at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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7
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Rapid degradation kinetics of amyloid fibrils under mild conditions by an archaeal chaperonin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 422:97-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hongo K, Itai H, Mizobata T, Kawata Y. Varied effects of Pyrococcus furiosus prefoldin and P. furiosus chaperonin on the refolding reactions of substrate proteins. J Biochem 2011; 151:383-90. [PMID: 22210902 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvr141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prefoldin is a molecular chaperone found in the archaeal and eukaryotic cytosol. Prefoldin can stabilize tentatively nascent polypeptide chains or non-native forms of mainly cytoskeletal proteins, which are subsequently delivered to group II chaperonin to accomplish their precise folding. However, the detailed mechanism is not well known, especially with regard to endogenous substrate proteins. Here, we report the effects of Pyrococcus furiosus prefoldin (PfuPFD) on the refolding reactions of Pyrococcus furiosus citrate synthase (PfuCS) and Aequorea enhanced green fluorescence protein (GFPuv) in the presence or absence of Pyrococcus furiosus chaperonin (PfuCPN). We confirmed that both PfuPFD and PfuCPN interacted with PfuCS and GFPuv refolding intermediates. However, the interactions between chaperone and substrate were different for each case, as was the final effect on the refolding reaction. Effects on the refolding reaction varied from passive effects such as ATP-dependent binding and release (PfuCPN towards GFPuv) and binding which leads to folding arrest (PfuPFD towards GFPuv), to active effects such as net increase in thermal stability (PfuCPN towards PfuCS) to an active improvement in refolding yield (PfuPFD towards PfuCS). We postulate that differences in molecular interactions between substrate and chaperone lead to these differences in chaperoning effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Hongo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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9
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Luo H, Zhang P, Robb FT. Oligomerization of an archaeal group II chaperonin is mediated by N-terminal salt bridges. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 413:389-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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A modulator domain controlling thermal stability in the Group II chaperonins of Archaea. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 512:111-8. [PMID: 21600187 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Archaeal Group II chaperonins (Cpns) are strongly conserved, considering that their growth temperatures range from 23 to 122°C. The C-terminal 15-25 residues are hypervariable, and highly charged in thermophilic species. Our hypothesis is that the C-terminal is a key determinant of stabilization of the Cpn complex. The C-terminus of the Cpn from the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus was mutated to test this hypothesis. C-terminal deletions and replacement of charged residues resulted in destabilization. The stability of ATPase activity declined in proportion to the reduction in charged residues with Ala or Gly. An EK-rich motif ((528)EKEKEKEGEK5(37)) proved to be a key domain for stabilization at or near 100°C. Mutations "tuned" the Cpn for optimal protein folding at lower optimal temperatures, and Glu substitution was more potent than Lys replacement. Pf Cpn stability was enhanced by Ca(2+), especially in the mutant Cpn lacking C-terminal Lys residues. This suggests that Glu-Glu interactions between C termini might be mediated by Ca(2+). The C-terminal of a Cpn from the psychrophilic archaeon Methanococcoides burtonii was replaced by a domain from the hyperthermophile, resulting in increased thermostability and thermoactivity. We conclude that localized evolutionary variation in the C-terminus modulates the temperature range of archaeal Cpns.
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Abstract
Chaperonins (CPN) are ubiquitous oligomeric protein machines that mediate the ATP-dependent folding of polypeptide chains. These chaperones have not only been assigned stress response and normal housekeeping functions but also have a role in certain human disease states. A longstanding convention divides CPNs into two groups that share many conserved sequence motifs but differ in both structure and distribution. Group I complexes are the well known GroEL/ES heat-shock proteins in bacteria, that also occur in some species of mesophilic archaea and in the endosymbiotic organelles of eukaryotes. Group II CPNs are found only in the cytosol of archaea and eukaryotes. Here we report a third, divergent group of CPNs found in several species of bacteria. We propose to name these Group III CPNs because of their distant relatedness to both Group I and II CPNs as well as their unique genomic context, within the hsp70 operon. The prototype Group III CPN, Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans chaperonin (Ch-CPN), is able to refold denatured proteins in an ATP-dependent manner and is structurally similar to the Group II CPNs, forming a 16-mer with each subunit contributing to a flexible lid domain. The Group III CPN represent a divergent group of bacterial CPNs distinct from the GroEL/ES CPN found in all bacteria. The Group III lineage may represent an ancient horizontal gene transfer from an archaeon into an early Firmicute lineage. An analysis of their functional and structural characteristics may provide important insights into the early history of this ubiquitous family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M. Techtmann
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, Program in the Biology of Model Systems, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202 and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Frank T. Robb
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, Program in the Biology of Model Systems, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202 and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201
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12
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Noi K, Hirai H, Hongo K, Mizobata T, Kawata Y. A potentially versatile nucleotide hydrolysis activity of group II chaperonin monomers from Thermoplasma acidophilum. Biochemistry 2009; 48:9405-15. [PMID: 19728744 DOI: 10.1021/bi900959c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Compared to the group I chaperonins such as Escherichia coli GroEL, which facilitate protein folding, many aspects of the functional mechanism of archaeal group II chaperonins are still unclear. Here, we show that monomeric forms of archaeal group II chaperonin alpha and beta from Thermoplasma acidophilum may be purified stably and that these monomers display a strong AMPase activity in the presence of divalent ions, especially Co(2+) ion, in addition to ATPase and ADPase activities. Furthermore, other nucleoside phosphates (guanosine, cytidine, uridine, and inosine phosphates) in addition to adenine nucleotides were hydrolyzed. From analyses of the products of hydrolysis using HPLC, it was revealed that the monomeric chaperonin successively hydrolyzed the phosphoanhydride and phosphoester bonds of ATP in the order of gamma to alpha. This activity was strongly suppressed by point mutation of specific essential aspartic acid residues. Although these archaeal monomeric chaperonins did not alter the refolding of MDH, their novel versatile nucleotide hydrolysis activity might fulfill a new function. Western blot experiments demonstrated that the monomeric chaperonin subunits were also present in lysed cell extracts of T. acidophilum, and partially purified native monomer displayed Co(2+)-dependent AMPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Noi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Institute of Regenerative Medicine Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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