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Daussy CF, Pied N, Wodrich H. Understanding Post Entry Sorting of Adenovirus Capsids; A Chance to Change Vaccine Vector Properties. Viruses 2021; 13:v13071221. [PMID: 34202573 PMCID: PMC8310329 DOI: 10.3390/v13071221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus vector-based genetic vaccines have emerged as a powerful strategy against the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis. This success is not unexpected because adenoviruses combine many desirable features of a genetic vaccine. They are highly immunogenic and have a low and well characterized pathogenic profile paired with technological approachability. Ongoing efforts to improve adenovirus-vaccine vectors include the use of rare serotypes and non-human adenoviruses. In this review, we focus on the viral capsid and how the choice of genotypes influences the uptake and subsequent subcellular sorting. We describe how understanding capsid properties, such as stability during the entry process, can change the fate of the entering particles and how this translates into differences in immunity outcomes. We discuss in detail how mutating the membrane lytic capsid protein VI affects species C viruses' post-entry sorting and briefly discuss if such approaches could have a wider implication in vaccine and/or vector development.
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Quemin ERJ, Machala EA, Vollmer B, Pražák V, Vasishtan D, Rosch R, Grange M, Franken LE, Baker LA, Grünewald K. Cellular Electron Cryo-Tomography to Study Virus-Host Interactions. Annu Rev Virol 2020; 7:239-262. [PMID: 32631159 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-021920-115935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are obligatory intracellular parasites that reprogram host cells upon infection to produce viral progeny. Here, we review recent structural insights into virus-host interactions in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes unveiled by cellular electron cryo-tomography (cryoET). This advanced three-dimensional imaging technique of vitreous samples in near-native state has matured over the past two decades and proven powerful in revealing molecular mechanisms underlying viral replication. Initial studies were restricted to cell peripheries and typically focused on early infection steps, analyzing surface proteins and viral entry. Recent developments including cryo-thinning techniques, phase-plate imaging, and correlative approaches have been instrumental in also targeting rare events inside infected cells. When combined with advances in dedicated image analyses and processing methods, details of virus assembly and egress at (sub)nanometer resolution were uncovered. Altogether, we provide a historical and technical perspective and discuss future directions and impacts of cryoET for integrative structural cell biology analyses of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle R J Quemin
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Emily A Machala
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Vollmer
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany;
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Vojtěch Pražák
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Daven Vasishtan
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Rene Rosch
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Michael Grange
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Linda E Franken
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Lindsay A Baker
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Kay Grünewald
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany;
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
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Sapre AA, Yong G, Yeh YS, Ruff LE, Plaut JS, Sayar Z, Agarwal A, Martinez J, Nguyen TN, Liu YT, Messmer BT, Esener SC, Fischer JM. Silica cloaking of adenovirus enhances gene delivery while reducing immunogenicity. J Control Release 2019; 297:48-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Li X, Zhou N, Chen W, Zhu B, Wang X, Xu B, Wang J, Liu H, Cheng L. Near-Atomic Resolution Structure Determination of a Cypovirus Capsid and Polymerase Complex Using Cryo-EM at 200kV. J Mol Biol 2016; 429:79-87. [PMID: 27914893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) allows the high-resolution structural determination of biological assemblies in a near-native environment. However, all high-resolution (better than 3.5Å) cryo-EM structures reported to date were obtained by using 300kV transmission electron microscopes (TEMs). We report here the structures of a cypovirus capsid of 750-Å diameter at 3.3-Å resolution and of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) complexes within the capsid at 3.9-Å resolution using a 200-kV TEM. The newly resolved structure revealed conformational changes of two subdomains in the RdRp. These conformational changes, which were involved in RdRp's switch from non-transcribing to transcribing mode, suggest that the RdRp may facilitate the unwinding of genomic double-stranded RNA. The possibility of 3-Å resolution structural determinations for biological assemblies of relatively small sizes using cryo-EM at 200kV was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Li
- College of Physics and Information Science, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Niyun Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenyuan Chen
- College of Physics and Information Science, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Physics and Information Science, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Xurong Wang
- College of Physics and Information Science, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongrong Liu
- College of Physics and Information Science, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
| | - Lingpeng Cheng
- Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Valpuesta JM, Carrascosa JL. Electron microscopy: the coming of age of a structural biology technique. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 581:1-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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