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Caerts D, Garmyn M, Güvenç C. A Narrative Review of the Role of Estrogen (Receptors) in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6251. [PMID: 38892441 PMCID: PMC11173079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we attempt to provide an overview of the evidence regarding the role of estrogen (receptors) in cutaneous melanoma (CM). We reviewed 68 studies and 4 systematic reviews and meta-analyses published from 2002 up to and including 2022. The prevailing presence of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) instead of estrogen receptor α (ERα) in CM is notable, with ERβ potentially playing a protective role and being less frequently detected in progressive cases. While men with CM generally experience a less favorable prognosis, this distinction may become negligible with advancing age. The role of oral contraceptives (OC) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in CM remains controversial. However, recent studies tend to associate the use of these exogenous hormones with a heightened risk of CM, mostly only when using estrogen therapy and not in combination with progesterone. On the contrary, the majority of studies find no substantial influence of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment on CM risk. Reproductive factors, including younger age at first childbirth, higher parity, and shorter reproductive life, show conflicting evidence, with some studies suggesting a lower CM risk. We suggest an important role for estrogens in CM. More research is needed, but the integration of estrogens and targeting the estrogen receptors in melanoma therapy holds promise for future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Canan Güvenç
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.C.); (M.G.)
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Zhang L, Lu RR, Xu RH, Wang HH, Feng WS, Zheng XK. Naringenin and apigenin ameliorates corticosterone-induced depressive behaviors. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15618. [PMID: 37215924 PMCID: PMC10192682 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a common kind of mental illness, and it becomes the main health burden in the world. Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects of naringin and apigenin isolated from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramatis. Methods Firstly, 20 mg/kg corticosterone (CORT) was injected into mice to establish an in vivo model of depression. After treated with different dosages of naringenin and apigenin for 3 weeks, the mice underwent a series of behavioral experiments. Following this, all mice were sacrificed and biochemical analyses were performed. Subsequently, CORT (500 μM) induced PC12 cells was used as an in vitro model of depression, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg ml-1) induced N9 microglia cells was used as an in vitro model of neuroinflammation in N9 microglia cells, to investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of naringenin and apigenin. Results Results showed that the naringenin and apigenin treatment ameliorated CORT-induced sucrose preference decrease and immobility time increase, elevated the 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) levels, and enhanced the cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expressions in the hippocampus. The results showed that the naringenin and apigenin treatment improved the PC-12 cell viability through reducing apoptosis rate induced by CORT. Furthermore, naringenin and apigenin were able to inhibit the activation of N9 cells after LPS induction, and shift microglia from proinflammatory M1 microglia toward anti-inflammatory M2 microglia, as evidenced by the decreased ratio of M1 type microglia marker CD86 and M2 type microglia marker CD86. Conclusion These results suggested that naringenin and apigenin may improve depressive behaviors through promoting BDNF and inhibiting neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ren-Rui Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Rui-Hao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Hu G, Chen W, Peng W, Huang Z, Dong Z, Cao Y. Cincumol prevents malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 via inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling in vitro. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 37:e371201. [PMID: 36651426 PMCID: PMC9839155 DOI: 10.1590/acb371201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common human cancer along with higher incidence and mortality, and this study aimed to identify the effect of cincumol on CRC and its potential mechanisms. METHODS CRC cell line HCT116 was used as the material. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, and cell migration was detected by scratch test and Transwell assay. TUNEL staining assay was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. The expression of target genes was detected by qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays. RESULTS Cincumol significantly reduced the proliferative and migratory rate and enhanced apoptotic rate of HCT116 cells. Meanwhile, the elevated levels of RBUsuh, Nicd and Tace was also observed in cincumol-treated HCT116 cells. Moreover, our findings revealed that additional cincumol inhibited the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT, suggesting the inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling might be involved in the protective role of cincumol on the malignant phenotypes of CRC cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Cincumol inhibited the malignant phenotypes of CRC cells in vitro through inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling, suggesting that cincumol might be a potential anti-CRC agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowu Hu
- MD. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Anorectal Medicine – Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital – Shanghai, China
| | - Wenquan Chen
- MD. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Anorectal Medicine – Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital – Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Peng
- MD. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Anorectal Medicine – Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital – Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- MD. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Anorectal Medicine – Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital – Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanlin Dong
- MD. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Anorectal Medicine – Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital – Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqing Cao
- BD. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Anorectal Medicine – Longhua Hospital – Shanghai, China.,Corresponding author:
- (021) 64385700
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Wen SY, Wei BY, Ma JQ, Wang L, Chen YY. Phytochemicals, Biological Activities, Molecular Mechanisms, and Future Prospects of Plantago asiatica L. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:143-173. [PMID: 36545763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plantago asiatica L. has been used as a vegetable and nutritious food in Asia for thousands of years. According to recent phytochemical and pharmacological research, the active compositions of the plant contribute to various health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer. This article reviews the 87 components of the plant and their structures, as well as their biological activities and molecular research progress, in detail. This review provides valuable reference material for further study, production, and application of P. asiatica, as well as its components in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Wen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Bing-Yan Wei
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Xiao Y, Ren Q, Wu L. The pharmacokinetic property and pharmacological activity of acteoside: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113296. [PMID: 35724511 PMCID: PMC9212779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acteoside (AC), a phenylpropanoid glycoside isolated from many dicotyledonous plants, has been demonstrated various pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection, anti-diabetes, bone and cartilage protection, hepatoprotection, and anti-microorganism. However, AC has a poor bioavailability, which can be potentially improved by different strategies. The health-promoting characteristics of AC can be attributed to its mediation in many signaling pathways, such as MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, TGFβ/Smad, and AMPK/mTOR. Interestingly, docking simulation study indicates that AC can be an effective candidate to inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV2 main protease and protect against COVID-19. Many clinical trials for AC have been investigated, and it shows great potentials in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaosheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopaetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qun Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Longhuo Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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Eckert GL, Smaniotto TÂ, Dartora N, Pelegrin CMGD, Baroni S. The chemical composition of different leaf extracts of Lantana fucata Lindl. influences its cytotoxic potential: A study using the Allium cepa model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115003. [PMID: 35051606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE One of the most popular plants used to treat diseases in Brazil is Lantana fucata. Like most herbal medicines, its consumption is based on popular knowledge, which, despite being considered effective, may cause side effects. AIM OF THE STUDY Since the scientific data on the pharmacological properties of L. fucata are still incipient, this research aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of different types of extracts (infusion, aqueous and hydroalcoholic), characterizing them chemically. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity assay was performed by the A. cepa model. The cytotoxicity parameters studied were number of dividing cells and percentage mitotic index (%MI). RESULTS The result of the A. cepa assay showed that there was a decrease in the number of dividing cells and the percentage mitotic index as concentrations increased, for all extracts, indicating cytotoxicity. However, the hydroalcoholic extract was the most cytotoxic. Chromatography analysis allowed the characterization of secondary metabolites in the extracts, which were very similar. However, a greater abundance of flavonoids and triterpenoids was observed in the hydroalcoholic extract, suggesting that these compounds are responsible for its greater toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Since the highest doses of extracts showed to have a cytotoxic effect, it is suggested that the ingestion of this species occurs in a moderate way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nessana Dartora
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Cerro Largo, Brazil.
| | - Carla Maria Garlet de Pelegrin
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Cerro Largo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambientes e Tecnologias Sustentáveis (UFFS), Brazil.
| | - Suzymeire Baroni
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Cerro Largo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambientes e Tecnologias Sustentáveis (UFFS), Brazil.
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Identification and Functional Characterization of Tyrosine Decarboxylase from Rehmannia glutinosa. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051634. [PMID: 35268735 PMCID: PMC8912026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rehmannia glutinosa is an important medicinal plant that has long been used in Chinese traditional medicine. Acteoside, one of the bioactive components from R. glutinosa, possessed various pharmacological activities for human health; however, the molecular mechanism of acteoside formation is not fully understood. In the current study, a novel tyrosine decarboxylase (designated as RgTyDC2) was identified from the R. glutinosa transcriptome. Biochemical analysis of RgTyDC2 showed RgTyDC2 uses tyrosine and dopa as the substrate to produce tyramine and dopamine, respectively, and it displays higher catalytic efficiency toward tyrosine than dopa. Moreover, the transcript level of RgTyDC2 was consistent with the accumulation pattern of acteoside in R. glutinosa, supporting its possible role in the biosynthesis of acteoside in vivo.
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Ji M, Sun J, Zhao J. Verbascoside represses malignant phenotypes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by inhibiting CDC42 via the HMGB1/RAGE axis. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221127429. [PMID: 36112883 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221127429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an aggressive human malignancy, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is prevalent globally, especially in China. Verbascoside (VE) exerts anti-cancer effects in several human cancers. This work was to investigate the effects of VE on ESCC cells. METHODS Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were assessed by CCK-8, TUNEL, and Transwell assays. Gene and protein levels were detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting. CDC42 activity was evaluated by G-lisa assay. RESULTS Verbascoside significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced cell apoptosis in ESCC cells. Furthermore, it was found that VE markedly inhibited HMGB1 and RAGE expression in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, HMGB1/RAGE upregulation partially reversed the anti-cancer effects of VE on ESCC cells. VE repressed HMGB1/RAGE-induced CDC42 activation in ESCC cells. In addition, ML141-mediated CDC42 inactivation further enhanced the effect of VE on ESCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that VE has significant anti-tumor potential in ESCC by suppressing HMGB1/RAGE-dependent CDC42 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Sun
- The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, 38044The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
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