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Lotfi Z, Khakbiz M, Davari N, Bonakdar S, Mohammadi J, Shokrgozar MA, Derhambakhsh S. Fabrication and multiscale modeling of polycaprolactone/amniotic membrane electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for wound healing. Artif Organs 2023; 47:1267-1284. [PMID: 36869662 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancing the efficiency of cell-based skin tissue engineering (TE) approaches is possible via designing electrospun scaffolds possessing natural materials like amniotic membrane (AM) with wound healing characteristics. Concentrating on this aim, we fabricated innovative polycaprolactone (PCL)/AM scaffolds through the electrospinning process. METHODS The manufactured structures were characterized by employing scanning electron microscope (SEM), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, Bradford protein assay, etc. In addition, the mechanical properties of scaffolds were simulated by the multiscale modeling method. RESULTS As a result of conducting various tests, it was concluded that the uniformity and distribution of fibers decreased with an increase in the amniotic content. Furthermore, PCL-AM scaffolds contained amniotic and PCL characteristic bands. In the case of protein release, greater content of AM led to the release of higher amounts of collagen. Tensile testing revealed that scaffolds' ultimate strength increased when the AM content augmented. The multiscale modeling demonstrated that the scaffold had elastoplastic behavior. In order to assess cellular attachment, viability, and differentiation, human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were seeded on the scaffolds. In this regard, SEM and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays showed significant cellular proliferation and viability on the proposed scaffolds, and these analyses illustrated that higher cell survival and adhesion could be achieved when scaffolds possessed a larger amount of AM. After 21 days of cultivation, particular keratinocyte markers, such as keratin I and involucrin, were identified through utilizing immunofluorescence and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. The markers' expressions were higher in the PCL-AM scaffold with a ratio of 90:10 v v-1 compared with the PCL-epidermal growth factor (EGF) structure. Moreover, the presence of AM in the scaffolds resulted in the keratinogenic differentiation of ASCs even without employing EGF. Consequently, this state-of-the-art experiment suggests that the PCL-AM scaffold can be a promising candidate in skin bioengineering. CONCLUSION This study showed that mixing AM with PCL, a widely used polymer, in different concentrations can overcome PCL disadvantages such as high hydrophobicity and low cellular compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Lotfi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Khakbiz
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Niyousha Davari
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sara Derhambakhsh
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Logli E, Marzuolo E, D'Agostino M, Conti LA, Lena AM, Diociaiuti A, Dellambra E, Has C, Cianfanelli V, Zambruno G, El Hachem M, Magenta A, Candi E, Condorelli AG. Proteasome-mediated degradation of keratins 7, 8, 17 and 18 by mutant KLHL24 in a foetal keratinocyte model: Novel insight in congenital skin defects and fragility of epidermolysis bullosa simplex with cardiomyopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:1308-1324. [PMID: 34740256 PMCID: PMC9029237 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) with cardiomyopathy (EBS-KLHL24) is an EBS subtype caused by dominantly inherited, gain-of-function mutations in the gene encoding for the ubiquitin-ligase KLHL24, which addresses specific proteins to proteasomal degradation. EBS-KLHL24 patients are born with extensive denuded skin areas and skin fragility. Whilst skin fragility rapidly ameliorates, atrophy and scarring develop over time, accompanied by life-threatening cardiomyopathy. To date, pathogenetic mechanisms underlying such a unique disease phenotype are not fully characterized. The basal keratin 14 (K14) has been indicated as a KLHL24 substrate in keratinocytes. However, EBS-KLHL24 pathobiology cannot be determined by the mutation-enhanced disruption of K14 alone, as K14 is similarly expressed in foetal and postnatal epidermis and its protein levels are preserved both in vivo and in vitro disease models. In this study, we focused on foetal keratins as additional KLHL24 substrates. We showed that K7, K8, K17 and K18 protein levels are markedly reduced via proteasome degradation in normal foetal keratinocytes transduced with the mutant KLHL24 protein (ΔN28-KLHL24) as compared to control cells expressing the wild-type form. In addition, heat stress led to keratin network defects and decreased resilience in ΔN28-KLHL24 cells. The KLHL24-mediated degradation of foetal keratins could contribute to congenital skin defects in EBS-KLHL24. Furthermore, we observed that primary keratinocytes from EBS-KLHL24 patients undergo accelerated clonal conversion with reduced colony forming efficiency (CFE) and early replicative senescence. Finally, our findings pointed out a reduced CFE in ΔN28-KLHL24-transduced foetal keratinocytes as compared to controls, suggesting that mutant KLHL24 contributes to patients’ keratinocyte clonogenicity impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Logli
- Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Marzuolo
- Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco D'Agostino
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Libenzio Adrian Conti
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Diociaiuti
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Cianfanelli
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zambruno
- Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - May El Hachem
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Magenta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Giuseppe Condorelli
- Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
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