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Hejazi SA, Taghipour F. A novel UV-LED hydrogen peroxide electrochemical photoreactor for point-of-use organic contaminant degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133353. [PMID: 34942211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of organic contaminants is typically achieved by exposure of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) containing influent to ultraviolet (UV) lamps as the source of radiation that can convert H2O2 to hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which oxidize organic pollutants. However, two factors prevent this process from being scaled down: the need to introduce H2O2, which requires special handling, and the use of bulky UV lamps, which have a high electric power consumption. In this work, an electrochemical cell was developed for the efficient in situ generation of H2O2 from water and atmospheric oxygen in a process called a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR), so that the external addition of H2O2 is no longer needed. Moreover, the electrochemical cell was equipped with ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) to convert H2O2 to ·OH. The reactor exhibited a current efficiency of ∼90% for the H2O2 production at a flow rate of 50 mL min-1. The degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was studied at 277 nm based on different operational parameters, such as UV fluence rate, initial concentration, and initial pH. A high degradation of >70% was obtained at a UV output of 900 mW. Our approach, the first of its kind, has novel features applied, including: optimal radiation distribution in the reactor by applying a new UV source, UV-LEDs that offer much more control for the radiation profile in the reaction system compared to traditional UV lamps, controlled hydrodynamics by implementing special flow channels to provide a more uniform residence time and offer enhanced mixing, and integrating UV reactor and electrochemical cell in a single unit which could lead to superior performance and space efficiency of the device. These features make the device very suitable for point-of-use (POU) water treatment applications to eliminate both microbial and chemical contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Arman Hejazi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fariborz Taghipour
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Dantas Neto JC, Bezerra Dos Santos V, Bezerra de Oliveira SC, Suarez WT, Lopes de Oliveira J. In situ voltammetric analysis of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in environmental water using a boron doped diamond electrode and an adapted unmanned air vehicle sampling platform. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1311-1319. [PMID: 35275146 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00050d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present work a voltammetric method was developed for in situ detection of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in environmental water samples, using a compact and lightweight electrochemical cell using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer with biodegradable polylactic acid filament, and a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDDE). The samples were collected by an adapted unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a micropump and a miniature solenoid valve powered by an open source microcontroller. After optimizing the supporting electrolyte, pH and parameters of the square wave voltammetry (SWV) a linear analytical curve for 2,4-D in 0.5 mol L-1 Na2SO4 (pH = 2.0 regulated using 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4 solution) in a concentration range from 100 nmol L-1 to 911 nmol L-1 with 34 nmol L-1 as the limit of detection was obtained. The same samples in situ analyzed by SWV were sent to the laboratory for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis; and there was no statistical difference from the concentration of 2,4-D in any of the samples at a 95% confidence level. Therefore, the method developed for quantification of 2,4-D in water provides an important environmental monitoring tool since it enables access to difficult areas in a fast, practical and safe way. This is the first time that an adapted UAV with these features has been used to collect environmental water for in situ electrochemical analysis as a screening tool to alert the presence of environmental hazard compounds, such as 2,4-D. Thus, this method can be used by environmental and sanitary control agencies to monitor or to supervise environmental water quality with response in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Claudiano Dantas Neto
- Fundamental Chemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Jornalista Anibal Fernandes, s/no, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil.
| | - Vagner Bezerra Dos Santos
- Fundamental Chemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Jornalista Anibal Fernandes, s/no, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil.
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Adsorptive and Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes, Activated Carbon, and Graphene Oxide with Relatively Similar Specific Surface Area. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030496. [PMID: 33494204 PMCID: PMC7864508 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Three carbon materials with a highly diversified structure and at the same time much less different porosity were selected for the study: single-walled carbon nanotubes, heat-treated activated carbon, and reduced graphene oxide. These materials were used for the adsorption of 2,4-D herbicide from aqueous solutions and in its electroanalytical determination. Both the detection of this type of contamination and its removal from the water are important environmental issues. It is important to identify which properties of carbon materials play a significant role. The specific surface area is the major factor. On the other hand, the presence of oxygen bound to the carbon surface in the case of contact with an organochlorine compound had a negative effect. The observed regularities concerned both adsorption and electroanalysis with the use of the carbon materials applied.
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Kormosh ZA, Zhurba ES, Antal IP, Kormosh AZ, Bazel YR. Spectrophotometric Determination of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Using Extraction with Astrafloxin. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820070114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Azadmehr F, Zarei K. An imprinted polymeric matrix containing DNA for electrochemical sensing of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:814. [PMID: 31745651 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe an electrochemical method for the determination of herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). It is based on the use of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and of dsDNA as a bio-specific substance. The modified electrode was prepared by electropolymerization of ortho-phenylenediamine (oPD) in the presence of DNA and of 2,4-D (the template). The imprinted MIP was placed on a pencil graphite electrode (PGE) modified with chitosan and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The template was removed with 0.4 M NaOH. The interaction of DNA with 2,4-D leads to its adsorption on the electrode, and this increases the sensitivity and selectivity of the method. After rebinding 2,4-D, the decrease in the peak current of oxidation of iron(II) acting as an electrochemical redox probe was measured by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The current, typically measured at around 0.5 V, increases linearly in the 0.01 to 10 pM 2,4-D concentration range, and the detection limit is 4.0 fM. The method is highly selective for 2,4-D. The modified electrode was applied to quantify 2,4-D in spiked environmental water and soil samples and gave absolute recoveries varying from 91.5 to 109.0%. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor for determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Initially, the electrode was modified with chitosan and MWCNTs and then a composite was formed on it consisting of ortho-phenylenediamine (oPD), DNA and 2,4-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Azadmehr
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, 36716-41167, Iran
| | - Kobra Zarei
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, 36716-41167, Iran.
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Liu Q, Shen Y, Song S, He Z. Enhanced electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by a Pd-Co 3O 4/Ni foam electrode. RSC Adv 2019; 9:12124-12133. [PMID: 35517021 PMCID: PMC9063476 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01843c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new Pd-Co3O4/Ni foam electrode was synthesized by a facile two-step method comprising co-electrodeposition and calcination. Compared with Ni foam-supported Pd electrodes obtained by electrodeposition or chemical deposition, the new Pd-Co3O4/Ni foam electrode exhibited greatly enhanced catalytic hydrodechlorination activity. The introduction of Co3O4 reduced the amount of Pd required. For the same degree of dechlorination of 2,4-D, only 25% of the Pd was required in the Pd-Co3O4/Ni foam electrode compared with the Ni foam electrode prepared by chemical deposition. Various characterizations indicated that Co3O4 on the surface of the Ni foam enhanced catalytic performance through accelerated generation of atomic H*. In addition, the good distribution of macropores, providing a larger specific surface area and lower electron transfer impedance, enabled more adsorption of atomic .
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China +86-571-88320276 +86-571-88320726
| | - Yanting Shen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China +86-571-88320276 +86-571-88320726
| | - Shuang Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China +86-571-88320276 +86-571-88320726
| | - Zhiqiao He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China +86-571-88320276 +86-571-88320726
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Carbon paste electrodes modified with various carbonaceous materials for the determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by differential pulse voltammetry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kalate Bojdi M, Behbahani M, Mashhadizadeh MH, Bagheri A, Hosseiny Davarani SS, Farahani A. Mercapto-ordered carbohydrate-derived porous carbon electrode as a novel electrochemical sensor for simple and sensitive ultra-trace detection of omeprazole in biological samples. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 48:213-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Peng D, Li X, Zhang L, Gong J. Novel visible-light-responsive photoelectrochemical sensor of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using molecularly imprinted polymer/BiOI nanoflake arrays. Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Electroanalytical Methodology for the Direct Determination of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Soil Samples Using a Graphite-Polyurethane Electrode. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/308926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An electroanalytical methodology was developed for the direct determination of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) using a graphite-polyurethane composite electrode and square wave voltammetry (SWV). 2,4-D exhibited one reduction peak with characteristics of an irreversible process at −0.54 V (versus Ag/AgCl), which is controlled by the diffusion of the reagent on the electrode surface. After the experimental parameters optimization (pH 2.0,f=50 s−1,a=0.50 V, andΔEi=0.03 V), analytical curves were constructed in the range of 0.66 mg L−1to 2.62 mg L−1. Detection (LD) and quantification (LQ) limits were 17.6 μg L−1and 58.6 μg L−1, respectively. The methodology was successfully applied to measure the percolation of the herbicide 2,4-D in undisturbed soil columns of different granulometric compositions.
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Zu B, Guo Y, Dou X. Nanostructure-based optoelectronic sensing of vapor phase explosives--a promising but challenging method. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:10693-10701. [PMID: 24072058 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03792d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic sensing of gas phase hazardous chemicals is a newly explored field, which shows great advantages towards low concentration sensing when compared to normal gas sensing in the dark. Here, based on the recent progress on nanostructured vapor phase explosive gas sensors operated in dark conditions, the attractiveness of developing optoelectronic sensors for vapor phase explosive detection was highlighted. Furthermore, we try to propose some new insights to enhance optoelectronic sensing of vapor phase explosives. We suggest employing photocatalysis principles to enhance the sensitivity and employing a molecular imprinting technique (MIT) to enhance the selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyi Zu
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
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Wang Y, Zang D, Ge S, Ge L, Yu J, Yan M. A novel microfluidic origami photoelectrochemical sensor based on CdTe quantum dots modified molecularly imprinted polymer and its highly selective detection of S-fenvalerate. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.05.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Zhu K, Baig SA, Xu J, Sheng T, Xu X. Electrochemical reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using a palladium/nickel foam electrode. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bagheri A, Hosseini H. Electrochemistry of raloxifene on glassy carbon electrode and its determination in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. Bioelectrochemistry 2012; 88:164-70. [PMID: 22542469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior of raloxifene (RLX) on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV studies were performed in various supporting electrolytes, wide range of potential scan rates, and pHs. The results showed an adsorption-controlled and quasi-reversible process for the electrochemical reaction of RLX, and a probable redox mechanism was suggested. Under the optimum conditions, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was applied for quantitative determination of the RLX in pharmaceutical formulations. The DPV measurements showed that the anodic peak current of the RLX was linear to its concentration in the range of 0.2-50.0μM with a detection limit of 0.0750μM, relative standard deviation (RSD %) below 3.0%, and a good sensitivity. The proposed method was successfully applied for determination of the RLX in pharmaceutical and human plasma samples with a good selectivity and suitable recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran.
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Shi H, Zhao G, Liu M, Zhu Z. A novel photoelectrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer modified TiO2 nanotubes and its highly selective detection of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Electrochem commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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In Vitro Study of Damaging Effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on DNA Structure by Spectroscopic and Voltammetric Techniques. DNA Cell Biol 2009; 28:527-33. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2009.0892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Odaci D, Sezgintürk MK, Timur S, Pazarlioğlu N, Pilloton R, Dinçkaya E, Telefoncu A. Pseudomonas putidaBased Amperometric Biosensors for 2,4-D Detection. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 39:11-9. [DOI: 10.1080/10826060802589460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Maleki N, Absalan G, Safavi A, Farjami E. Ultra trace adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of atrazine in soil and water using mercury film electrode. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 581:37-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 08/08/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Maleki N, Safavi A, Shahbaazi H. Minimizing the Interferences from Adsorption of Substances onto Cell Components in Stripping Voltammetry. ANAL LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710500210501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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