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Guo C, Lv L, Liu Y, Ji M, Zang E, Liu Q, Zhang M, Li M. Applied Analytical Methods for Detecting Heavy Metals in Medicinal Plants. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:339-359. [PMID: 34328385 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1953371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For thousands of years, medicinal plants (MPs) have been one of the main sources of drugs worldwide. However, recently, heavy metal pollution has seriously affected the quality and safety of MPs. Consuming MPs polluted by heavy metals such as Pb, Hg, and Cu significantly threaten the health of consumers. To manage this situation, the levels of heavy metals in MPs must be controlled. In recent years, this field has attracted significant attention, but few researchers have systematically summarized various analytical methods. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate methods that can accurately and effectively detect the amount of heavy metals in MPs. Herein, some important analytical methods used to detect heavy metals in MPs and their applications have been introduced and summarized in detail. These include atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic fluorescence spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, neutron activation analysis, and anodic stripping voltammetry. The characteristics of these methods were subsequently compared and analyzed. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and disposable electrochemical sensors have also been used for heavy metal detection in MPs. To elucidate the systematic and comprehensive information, these methods have also been briefly introduced in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Lijuan Lv
- Department of Basic Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Mingyue Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Erhuan Zang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Minhui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China.,Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of the Planting and Development of Astragalus Membranaceus of the Geoherbs, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
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Chen Y, Chen L, Wang X, Xi Z, Wu Y, Fu F. DNA binding in combination with capillary electrophoresis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the rapid speciation analysis of mercury. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201700015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology of MOE; Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Lian Chen
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology of MOE; Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Xusheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology of MOE; Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Zhiming Xi
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology of MOE; Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Yongning Wu
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment; Beijing China
| | - FengFu Fu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology of MOE; Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian China
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Chen Y, Cheng X, Mo F, Huang L, Wu Z, Wu Y, Xu L, Fu F. Ultra-sensitive speciation analysis of mercury by CE-ICP-MS together with field-amplified sample stacking injection and dispersive solid-phase extraction. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:1055-62. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YiQuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian P. R. China
| | - Xian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian P. R. China
| | - Fan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian P. R. China
| | - LiMei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian P. R. China
| | - Zujian Wu
- Department of Plant Protection; Fujian Agriculture and Forest University; Fuzhou Fujian P. R. China
| | - Yongning Wu
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment; Beijing P. R. China
| | - LiangJun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian P. R. China
| | - FengFu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian P. R. China
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Ahmed HM, Ebeid WB. The use of laser-induced fluorescence or ultraviolet detectors for sensitive and selective analysis of tobramycin or erythropoietin in complex samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 143:12-19. [PMID: 25706680 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Complex samples analysis is a challenge in pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical analysis. In this work, tobramycin (TOB) analysis in human urine samples and recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) analysis in the presence of similar protein were selected as representative examples of such samples analysis. Assays of TOB in urine samples are difficult because of poor detectability. Therefore laser induced fluorescence detector (LIF) was combined with a separation technique, micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), to determine TOB through derivatization with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). Borate was used as background electrolyte (BGE) with negative-charged mixed micelles as additive. The method was successively applied to urine samples. The LOD and LOQ for Tobramycin in urine were 90 and 200ng/ml respectively and recovery was >98% (n=5). All urine samples were analyzed by direct injection without sample pre-treatment. Another use of hyphenated analytical technique, capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) connected to ultraviolet (UV) detector was also used for sensitive analysis of rhEPO at low levels (2000IU) in the presence of large amount of human serum albumin (HSA). Analysis of rhEPO was achieved by the use of the electrokinetic injection (EI) with discontinuous buffers. Phosphate buffer was used as BGE with metal ions as additive. The proposed method can be used for the estimation of large number of quality control rhEPO samples in a short period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hytham M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Wael B Ebeid
- SEDICO Pharmaceuticals, Merck & Co External Partner, 6th of October City, Cairo, Egypt
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Liu L, Yun Z, He B, Jiang G. Efficient interface for online coupling of capillary electrophoresis with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and its application in simultaneous speciation analysis of arsenic and selenium. Anal Chem 2014; 86:8167-75. [PMID: 25082790 DOI: 10.1021/ac501347d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple and highly efficient online system coupling of capillary electrophoresis to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (CE-ICP-MS) for simultaneous separation and determination of arsenic and selenium compounds was developed. CE was coupled to an ICP-MS system by a sprayer with a novel direct-injection high-efficiency nebulizer (DIHEN) chamber as the interface. By using this interface, six arsenic species, including arsenite (As(III), arsenate (As(V)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), arsenobetaine (AsB), and arsenocholine (AsC) and five selenium species (such as sodium selenite (Se(IV)), sodium selenate (Se(VI)), selenocysteine (SeCys), selenomethionine (SeMet), and Se-methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys)) were baseline-separated and determined in a single run within 9 min under the optimized conditions. Minimum dead volume, low and steady sheath flow liquid, high nebulization efficiency, and high sample transport efficiency were obtained by using this interface. Detection limits were in the range of 0.11-0.37 μg L(-1) for the six arsenic compounds (determined as (75)As at m/z 75) and 1.33-2.31 μg L(-1) for the five selenium species (determined as (82)Se at m/z 82). Repeatability expressed as the relative standard deviations (RSD, n = 6) of both migration time and peak area were better than 2.68% for arsenic compounds and 3.28% for selenium compounds, respectively. The proposed method had been successfully applied for the determination of arsenic and selenium species in the certified reference materials DORM-3, water, urine, and fish samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 2871, 100085 Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Chen Y, Huang L, Wu W, Ruan Y, Wu Z, Xue Z, Fu F. Speciation analysis of lead in marine animals by using capillary electrophoresis couple online with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2013; 35:1346-52. [PMID: 24272447 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We herein reported a environment-friendly microwave-assisted extraction used to extract trace lead compounds from marine animals and a ultrasensitive method for the analysis of Pb²⁺, trimethyl lead chloride (TML) and triethyl lead chloride (TEL) by using CE-ICP-MS. The extraction method is simple and has a high extracting efficiency. It can be used to completely extract both inorganic lead and organolead in marine animal samples without altering its species. The analytical method has a detection limit as low as 0.012-0.084 ng Pb/mL for Pb²⁺, TML, and TEL, and can be used to determine ultratrace Pb²⁺, TML, and TEL in marine animals directly without any preconcentration. With the help of above methods, we have successfully determined Pb²⁺, TML, and TEL in clam and oyster tissue within 20 min with a RSD (n = 6) < 5% and a recovery of 91-104%. Our results showed that Pb²⁺ was the main species of lead in clam and oyster, and organolead (TML) was only found in oyster. The proposed method provides a realistic approach for the accurate evaluation of lead pollution in seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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FAN Y, LI S, FAN L, CAO C. Trace analysis of heavy metal ions in electroplate waste water by capillary electrophoresis with visual offline sample stacking via moving neutralization boundary. Se Pu 2013; 30:827-31. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2012.04003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Interface of on line coupling capillary electrophoresis with hydride generation electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and its application to arsenic speciation in sediment. Talanta 2013; 109:128-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Saito S, Kawashima M, Ohshima H, Enomoto K, Sato M, Yoshimura H, Yoshimoto K, Maeda M, Shibukawa M. Separation of metalloproteins using a novel metal ion contaminant sweeping technique and detection of protein-bound copper by a metal ion probe in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: distribution of copper in human serum. Analyst 2013; 138:6097-105. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01107k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Timerbaev AR. Element speciation analysis using capillary electrophoresis: twenty years of development and applications. Chem Rev 2012; 113:778-812. [PMID: 23057472 DOI: 10.1021/cr300199v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei R Timerbaev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin Str. 19, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Fan Y, Li S, Fan L, Cao C. Visual offline sample stacking via moving neutralization boundary electrophoresis for analysis of heavy metal ion. Talanta 2012; 95:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Zhao Y, Zheng J, Fang L, Lin Q, Wu Y, Xue Z, Fu F. Speciation analysis of mercury in natural water and fish samples by using capillary electrophoresis–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Talanta 2012; 89:280-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Timerbaev AR. Inorganic species analysis by CE â An overview for 2007â2008. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:192-204. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Opekar F, Coufal P, Štulík K. Rapid Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Along Short Separation Pathways and Its Use in Some Hyphenated Systems: A Critical Review. Chem Rev 2009; 109:4487-99. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900018r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- František Opekar
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Coufal
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Štulík
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Kubánˇ P, Pelcová P, Margetínová J, Kubánˇ V. Mercury speciation by CE: An update. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:92-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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