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Liepold T, Klafki HW, Kumar S, Walter J, Wirths O, Wiltfang J, Jahn O. Matrix Development for the Detection of Phosphorylated Amyloid-β Peptides by MALDI-TOF-MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:505-512. [PMID: 36706152 PMCID: PMC9983008 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, including post-translationally modified variants thereof, are believed to play a key role in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Suggested modified Aβ species with potential disease relevance include Aβ peptides phosphorylated at serine in position eight (pSer8-Aβ) or 26 (pSer26-Aβ). However, the published studies on those Aβ peptides essentially relied on antibody-based approaches. Thus, complementary analyses by mass spectrometry, as shown for other modified Aβ variants, will be necessary not only to unambiguously verify the existence of phosphorylated Aβ species in brain samples but also to reveal their exact identity as to phosphorylation sites and potential terminal truncations. With the aim of providing a novel tool for addressing this still-unresolved issue, we developed a customized matrix formulation, referred to as TOPAC, that allows for improved detection of synthetic phosphorylated Aβ species by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. When TOPAC was compared with standard matrices, we observed higher signal intensities but minimal methionine oxidation and phosphate loss for intact pSer8-Aβ(1-40) and pSer26-Aβ(1-40). Similarly, TOPAC also improved the mass spectrometric detection and sequencing of the proteolytic cleavage products pSer8-Aβ(1-16) and pSer26-Aβ(17-28). We expect that TOPAC will facilitate future efforts to detect and characterize endogenous phosphorylated Aβ species in biological samples and that it may also find its use in phospho-proteomic approaches apart from applications in the Aβ field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Liepold
- Neuroproteomics
Group, Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfgang Klafki
- Department
of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August-University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department
of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Walter
- Department
of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Wirths
- Department
of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August-University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department
of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August-University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Jahn
- Neuroproteomics
Group, Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- Department
of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August-University, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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2
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Kong PH, Chiang CH, Lin TC, Kuo SC, Li CF, Hsiung CA, Shiue YL, Chiou HY, Wu LC, Tsou HH. Discrimination of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry with Machine Learning Techniques in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050586. [PMID: 35631107 PMCID: PMC9143686 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Early administration of proper antibiotics is considered to improve the clinical outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB), but routine clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing takes an additional 24 h after species identification. Recent studies elucidated matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectra to discriminate methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) or even incorporated with machine learning (ML) techniques. However, no universally applicable mass peaks were revealed, which means that the discrimination model might need to be established or calibrated by local strains’ data. Here, a clinically feasible workflow was provided. We collected mass spectra from SAB patients over an 8-month duration and preprocessed by binning with reference peaks. Machine learning models were trained and tested by samples independently of the first six months and the following two months, respectively. The ML models were optimized by genetic algorithm (GA). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of the independent testing of the best model, i.e., SVM, under the optimal parameters were 87%, 75%, 95%, and 87%, respectively. In summary, almost all resistant results were truly resistant, implying that physicians might escalate antibiotics for MRSA 24 h earlier. This report presents an attainable method for clinical laboratories to build an MRSA model and boost the performance using their local data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsin Kong
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (P.-H.K.); (Y.-L.S.)
- Center for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hsiung Chiang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (C.A.H.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Ting-Chia Lin
- Center for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Kuo
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (C.A.H.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (P.-H.K.); (Y.-L.S.)
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Chiou
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (C.A.H.); (H.-Y.C.)
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Master’s Program in Applied Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (P.-H.K.); (Y.-L.S.)
- Center for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (L.-C.W.); (H.-H.T.)
| | - Hsiao-Hui Tsou
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (C.A.H.); (H.-Y.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-C.W.); (H.-H.T.)
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3
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Gas-aggregated Ag nanoparticles for detection of small molecules using LDI MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:1037-1047. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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4
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Roth SP, Burk J, Schiller J, Nimptsch A. De novo synthesis of glycosaminoglycans by equine multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro – Studied by stable isotopic labeling and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. J Carbohydr Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2018.1428988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Pauline Roth
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic & Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janina Burk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic & Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Leipzig University, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ariane Nimptsch
- Leipzig University, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig, Germany
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5
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Nimptsch A, Schiller J. The selected matrix influences the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectral patterns of partially deuterated glycosaminoglycan disaccharides. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:2164-2170. [PMID: 27479785 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE If carbohydrates are investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, they are normally dissolved in deuterated solvents, such as D2 O. The incorporation of deuterium leads to a high complexity of subsequently recorded mass spectra and reduced sensitivity because different deuterated ions become detectable. Here, we demonstrate that the applied matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) matrix solution has a considerable impact on the observed isotopic distribution. METHODS Unsaturated disaccharides of chondroitin (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) were prepared by enzymatic digestion of the polysaccharides in D2 O and analyzed by MALDI time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS) using 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and 9-aminoacridine (9-AA) according to previously published protocols. RESULTS The extent of deuteration of a given compound can be easily determined by using the mass shift between the non-deuterated and deuterated ions. However, such a determination is more difficult when considering sugars due to their high content of exchangeable groups. Therefore, both the solvent and the matrix have a considerable impact on the MS patterns. Additionally, there are significant differences if the spectra are recorded at different laser fluences. CONCLUSIONS Great caution should be taken when the deuterium content of disaccharides is determined by MALDI MS. Aside from the use of non-protic solvents, DHB is the matrix of choice, whereas 9-AA shows a considerable influence on the observed isotope pattern in dependence on the applied laser fluence. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Nimptsch
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
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6
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Analysis of Glycosaminoglycan Oligosaccharides by Combined HPTLC/MALDI-TOF MS: Reduced Silica Gel Thickness Leads to Improved Spectral Qualities and Reduced Side Reactions. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2009-2010. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:268-422. [PMID: 24863367 PMCID: PMC7168572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is the sixth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2010. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, arrays and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural typed constitutes the remainder. The main groups of compound that are discussed in this section are oligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Many of these applications are presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Department of BiochemistryOxford Glycobiology InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3QUUK
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8
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Witt L, Pirkl A, Draude F, Peter-Katalinić J, Dreisewerd K, Mormann M. Water ice is a soft matrix for the structural characterization of glycosaminoglycans by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6439-46. [PMID: 24862464 DOI: 10.1021/ac5008706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of heterogeneous, often highly sulfated glycans that form linear chains consisting of up to 100 monosaccharide building blocks and more. GAGs are ubiquitous constituents of connective tissue, cartilage, and the extracellular matrix, where they have key functions in many important biological processes. For their characterization by mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS, the high molecular weight polymers are usually enzymatically digested to oligomers with a low degree of polymerization (dp), typically disaccharides. However, owing to their lability elimination of sulfate groups upon desorption/ionization is often encountered leading to a loss of information on the analyte. Here, we demonstrate that, in particular, water ice constitutes an extremely mild matrix for the analysis of highly sulfated GAG disaccharides by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (IR-MALDI) mass spectrometry. Depending on the degree of sulfation, next to the singly charged ionic species doubly- and even triply charged ions are formed. An unambiguous assignment of the sulfation sites becomes possible by subjecting sodium adducts of the GAGs to low-energy collision-induced dissociation tandem MS. These ionic species exhibit a remarkable stability of the sulfate substituents, allowing the formation of fragment ions retaining their sulfation that arise from either cross-ring cleavages or rupture of the glycosidic bonds, thereby allowing an unambiguous assignment of the sulfation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Witt
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster , 48149 Münster, Germany
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9
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An automated mass spectrometry-based screening method for analysis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:598-603. [PMID: 24928386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear polysaccharides, consisting of repeated disaccharide units, attached to core proteins in all multicellular organisms. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) constitute a subgroup of sulfated GAGs for which the degree of sulfation varies between species and tissues. One major goal in GAG characterization is to correlate structure to function. A common approach is to exhaustively degrade the GAG chains and thereafter determine the amount of component disaccharide units. In large-scale studies, there is a need for high-throughput screening methods since existing methods are either very time- or samples consuming. Here, we present a new strategy applying MALDI-TOF MS in positive ion mode for semi-qualitative and quantitative analysis of CS/DS derived disaccharide units. Only a few picomoles of sample are required per analysis and 10 samples can be analyzed in 25 min, which makes this approach an attractive alternative to many established assay methods. The total CS/DS concentration in 19 samples derived from Caenorhabditis elegans and mammalian tissues and cells was determined. The obtained results were well in accordance with concentrations determined by a standard liquid chromatography-based method, demonstrating the applicability of the method for samples from various biological matrices containing CS/DS of different sulfation degrees.
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10
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Improvement of the digestibility of sulfated hyaluronans by bovine testicular hyaluronidase: a UV spectroscopic and mass spectrometric study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:986594. [PMID: 24971366 PMCID: PMC4058284 DOI: 10.1155/2014/986594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as hyaluronan (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are important, natural polysaccharides which occur in biological (connective) tissues and have various biotechnological and medical applications. Additionally, there is increasing evidence that chemically (over)sulfated GAGs possess promising properties and are useful as implant coatings. Unfortunately, a detailed characterization of these GAGs is challenging: although mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most powerful tools to elucidate the structures of (poly)saccharides, MS is not applicable to high mass polysaccharides, but characteristic oligosaccharides are needed. These oligosaccharides are normally generated by enzymatic digestion. However, chemically modified (particularly sulfated) GAGs are extremely refractive to enzymatic digestion.
This study focuses on the investigation of the digestibility of GAGs with different degrees of sulfation by bovine testicular hyaluronidase (BTH). It will be shown by using an adapted spectrophotometric assay that all investigated GAGs can be basically digested if the reaction conditions are carefully adjusted. However, the oligosaccharide yield correlates reciprocally with the number of sulfate residues per polymer repeating unit. Finally, matrix-laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) MS will be used to study the released oligosaccharides and their sulfation patterns.
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11
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Flangea C, Petrescu AJ, Seidler DG, Munteanu CVA, Zamfir AD. Identification of an unusually sulfated tetrasaccharide chondroitin/dermatan motif in mouse brain by combining chip-nanoelectrospray multistage MS2-MS4and high resolution MS. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:1581-92. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela G. Seidler
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry; University of Münster; Münster; Germany
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12
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Hsieh CC, Guo JY, Hung SU, Chen R, Nie Z, Chang HC, Wu CC. Quantitative Analysis of Oligosaccharides Derived from Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans by Nanodiamond-Based Affinity Purification and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:4342-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3034097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chien Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular
Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106,
Taiwan
| | - Jiun You Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan
| | - Shain-Un Hung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry
for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zongxiu Nie
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry
for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular
Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106,
Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan
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13
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Abstract
The fact that sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are necessary for the functioning of all animal physiological systems drives the need to understand their biology. This understanding is limited, however, by the heterogeneous nature of GAG chains and their dynamic spatial and temporal expression patterns. GAGs have a regulated structure overlaid by heterogeneity but lack the detail necessary to build structure/function relationships. In order to provide this information, we need glycomics platforms that are sensitive, robust, high throughput, and information rich. This review summarizes progress on mass-spectrometry-based GAG glycomics methods. The areas covered include disaccharide analysis, oligosaccharide profiling, and tandem mass spectrometric sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Zaia
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
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14
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Penk A, Förster Y, Scheidt HA, Nimptsch A, Hacker MC, Schulz-Siegmund M, Ahnert P, Schiller J, Rammelt S, Huster D. The pore size of PLGA bone implants determines the de novo formation of bone tissue in tibial head defects in rats. Magn Reson Med 2012; 70:925-35. [PMID: 23165861 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The influence of the pore size of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds on bone regeneration was investigated. METHODS Cylindrical poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds were implanted into a defect in the tibial head of rats. Pore sizes of 100-300, 300-500, and 500-710 μm were tested and compared to untreated defects as control. Two and four weeks after implantation, the specimens were explanted and defect regeneration and de novo extracellular matrix generation were investigated by MRI, quantitative solid-state NMR, and mass spectrometry. RESULTS The pore size of the scaffolds had a pronounced influence on the quantity of the extracellular matrix synthesized in the graft; most collagen was synthesized within the first 2 weeks of implantation, while the amount of hydroxyapatite increased in the second 2 weeks. After 4 weeks, the scaffolds contained large quantities of newly formed lamellar bone while the control defects were filled by inhomogenous woven bone. Best results were obtained for scaffolds of a pore size of 300-500 μm. CONCLUSION Our analysis showed that the structure and dynamics of the regenerated extracellular matrix was very similar to that of the native bone, suggesting that biomineralization was significantly enhanced by the choice of the most appropriate implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Penk
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Böhme J, Anderegg U, Nimptsch A, Nimptsch K, Hacker M, Schulz-Siegmund M, Huster D, Schiller J. De novo biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix of skin studied by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2012; 421:791-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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16
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Pichert A, Samsonov SA, Theisgen S, Thomas L, Baumann L, Schiller J, Beck-Sickinger AG, Huster D, Pisabarro MT. Characterization of the interaction of interleukin-8 with hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and their sulfated derivatives by spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Glycobiology 2011; 22:134-45. [PMID: 21873605 PMCID: PMC3230280 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions between glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), important components of the extracellular matrix, and proteins such as growth factors and chemokines play critical roles in cellular regulation processes. Therefore, the design of GAG derivatives for the development of innovative materials with bio-like properties in terms of their interaction with regulatory proteins is of great interest for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Previous work on the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) has focused on its interaction with heparin and heparan sulfate, which regulate chemokine function. However, the extracellular matrix contains other GAGs, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), dermatan sulfate (DS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), which have so far not been characterized in terms of their distinct molecular recognition properties towards IL-8 in relation to their length and sulfation patterns. NMR and molecular modeling have been in great part the methods of choice to study the structural and recognition properties of GAGs and their protein complexes. However, separately these methods have challenges to cope with the high degree of similarity and flexibility that GAGs exhibit. In this work, we combine fluorescence spectroscopy, NMR experiments, docking and molecular dynamics simulations to study the configurational and recognition properties of IL-8 towards a series of HA and CS derivatives and DS. We analyze the effects of GAG length and sulfation patterns in binding strength and specificity, and the influence of GAG binding on IL-8 dimer formation. Our results highlight the importance of combining experimental and theoretical approaches to obtain a better understanding of the molecular recognition properties of GAG–protein systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Pichert
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
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17
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Parameters affecting the accuracy of the MALDI-TOF MS determination of the phosphatidylcholine/lysophosphatidylcholine (PC/LPC) ratio as potential marker of spermatozoa quality. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 164:696-702. [PMID: 21827741 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly used to characterize (phospho)lipids. However, quantitative MALDI data are often questioned because ion suppression may occur if mixtures are analyzed. Therefore, relative (but no absolute) data are normally derived from the MALDI mass spectra of lipid mixtures. We are particularly interested in the phosphatidylcholine/lysophosphatidylcholine (PC/LPC) ratio because it seems to represent a suitable measure of the inflammatory activity. In this study, different parameters affecting the achievable accuracy of the MALDI-TOF MS determination of the PC/LPC ratio are compared. It will be shown that particularly the applied laser fluence as well as the used solvents influence the accuracies. Using artificial lipid mixtures it will be demonstrated that the PC/LPC ratio can be determined with an accuracy of about ±10% making the MALDI assay comparable to established methods. Finally, it will be shown that the optimized conditions are also useful to determine the PC/LPC ratios in human seminal plasma.
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18
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Colantonio S, Simpson JT, Fisher RJ, Yavlovich A, Belanger JM, Puri A, Blumenthal R. Quantitative analysis of phospholipids using nanostructured laser desorption ionization targets. Lipids 2011; 46:469-77. [PMID: 21327726 PMCID: PMC3238685 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-010-3493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Since its introduction as an ionization technique in mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) has been applied to a wide range of applications. Quantitative small molecule analysis by MALDI, however, is limited due to the presence of intense signals from the matrix coupled with non-homogeneous surfaces. The surface used in nano-structured laser desorption ionization (NALDI) eliminates the need for a matrix and the resulting interferences, and allows for quantitative analysis of small molecules. This study was designed to analyze and quantitate phospholipid components of liposomes. Here we have developed an assay to quantitate the DPPC and DC(8,9)PC in liposomes by NALDI following various treatments. To test our method we chose to analyze a liposome system composed of DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and DC(8,9)PC (1,2-bis(tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), as DC(8,9)PC is known to undergo cross-linking upon treatment with UV (254 nm) and this reaction converts the monomer into a polymer. First, calibration curves for pure lipids (DPPC and DC(8,9)PC) were created using DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) as an internal standard. The calibration curve for both DPPC and DC(8,9)PC showed an R(2) of 0.992, obtained using the intensity ratio of analyte and internal standard. Next, DPPC:DC(8,9)PC liposomes were treated with UV radiation (254 nm). Following this treatment, lipids were extracted from the liposomes and analyzed. The analysis of the lipids before and after UV exposure confirmed a decrease in the signal of DC(8,9)PC of about 90%. In contrast, there was no reduction in DPPC signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Colantonio
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick/NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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Nimptsch A, Schibur S, Ihling C, Sinz A, Riemer T, Huster D, Schiller J. Quantitative analysis of denatured collagen by collagenase digestion and subsequent MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Cell Tissue Res 2011; 343:605-17. [PMID: 21274570 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-010-1113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Collagens are the most abundant proteins in vertebrate tissues and constitute significant moieties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The determination of the collagen content is of relevance not only in the field of native tissue research, but also regarding the quality assessment of bioengineered tissues. Here, we describe a quantitative method to assess small amounts of collagen based on MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight) mass spectrometry (MS) subsequent to digestion of collagen with clostridial collagenase (clostridiopeptidase A) in order to obtain characteristic oligopeptides. Among the resulting peptides, Gly-Pro-Hyp, which is highly indicative of collagen, has been used to assess the amount of collagen by comparing the Gly-Pro-Hyp peak intensities with the intensities of a spiked tripeptide (Arg-Gly-Asp). The approach presented herein is both simple and convenient and allows the determination of collagen in microgram quantities. In tissue samples such as cartilage, the actual collagen content has additionally been determined for comparative purposes by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy subsequent to acidic hydrolysis. Both methods give consistent data within an experimental error of ±10%. Although the differentiation of the different collagen types cannot be achieved by this approach, the overall collagen contents of tissues can be easily determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Nimptsch
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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Brandt H, Ehmann T, Otto M. Investigating the effect of mixing ratio on molar mass distributions of synthetic polymers determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry using design of experiments. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:1870-1875. [PMID: 20685132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that the mixing ratio affects the molar mass distribution of synthetic polymers determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Surely, the molar mixing ratio determines whether a mass spectrum will be obtained or not. However, depending on the mass range, several effects such as multimer formation occur, which might be a source of errors in molar mass distribution calculations. In this study, the effect of mixing ratio was investigated for several synthetic polymers, including polystyrene (PS), poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) using statistical designs of experiments. The 2(3) full factorial design was found to be suitable in the study of more than 1000 samples. The obtained MALDI mass spectra as well as the ANOVA statistics show that the mixing ratio affects the molar mass distribution. The optimal mixing ratio for a defined synthetic polymer depends on the studied combination (matrix, cationization reagent, solvent).
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Sideso E, Papadakis M, Wright C, Handa A, Buchan A, Kessler B, Kennedy J. Assessing the quality and reproducibility of a proteomic platform for clinical stroke biomarker discovery. Transl Stroke Res 2010; 1:304-14. [PMID: 24323556 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-010-0036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the quality and reproducibility of mass spectra derived from a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) platform in a patient population undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Plasma samples were either digested with trypsin or left undigested, fractionated with either C18 or weak cation exchange (WCX) columns and analysed by MALDI-TOF MS. Quality of mass spectra for each method was assessed by baseline correction (lower area under the curve ratio indicating higher quality) and signal-to-noise ratio. Mean coefficient of variation (CV%) assessed reproducibility between repeated experiments and methods. Identified mass peak intensity differences were assessed for consistency across repeated experiments. Plasma from six patients was analysed. The quality of mass spectra was significantly better when derived from digested plasma fractionated by either WCX or C18 methods compared to undigested plasma fractionated by WCX (analysis of variance, p < 0.05). Mean CV% for repeated experiments was 18% and 28% for WCX and C18 fractionated digested plasma, respectively. A small number of differences in mass peak intensities were consistently observed in repeated experiments. Repeated experiments are required to confidently identify non-random mass peak intensity differences as putative plasma biomarkers that merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ediri Sideso
- Acute Stroke Programme, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Fuchs B, Süss R, Schiller J. An update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research. Prog Lipid Res 2010; 49:450-75. [PMID: 20643161 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS)--often but not exclusively coupled with a time-of-flight (TOF) mass analyzer--is primarily established in the protein field, there is increasing evidence that MALDI MS is also very useful in lipid research: MALDI MS is fast, sensitive, tolerates sample impurities to a relatively high extent and provides very simple mass spectra without major fragmentation of the analyte. Additionally, MALDI MS devices originally purchased for "proteomics" can be used also for lipids without the need of major system alterations. After a short introduction into the method and the related ion-forming process, the MALDI mass spectrometric characteristics of the individual lipid (ranging from completely apolar hydrocarbons to complex glycolipids with the focus on glycerophospholipids) classes will be discussed and the progress achieved in the last years emphasized. Special attention will be paid to quantitative aspects of MALDI MS because this is normally considered to be the "weak" point of the method, particularly if complex lipid mixtures are to be analyzed. Although the detailed role of the matrix is not yet completely clear, it will be also explicitly shown that the careful choice of the matrix is crucial in order to be able to detect all compounds of interest. Two rather recent developments will be highlighted: "Imaging" MS is nowadays widely established and significant interest is paid in this context to the analysis of lipids because lipids ionize particularly well and are, thus, more sensitively detectable in tissue slices than other biomolecules such as proteins. It will also be shown that MALDI MS can be very easily combined with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) allowing the spatially-resolved screening of the entire TLC plate and the detection of lipids with a higher sensitivity than common staining protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- University of Leipzig, Medical Department, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstrasse 16-18, Germany
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Modern developments in mass spectrometry of chondroitin and dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycans. Amino Acids 2010; 41:235-56. [PMID: 20632047 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) are special types of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) oligosaccharides able to regulate vital biological functions that depend on precise motifs of their constituent hexose sequences and the extent and location of their sulfation. As a result, the need for better understanding of CS/DS biological role called for the elaboration and application of straightforward strategies for their composition and structure elucidation. Due to its high sensitivity, reproducibility, and the possibility to rapidly generate data on fine CS/DS structure determinants, mass spectrometry (MS) based on either electrospray ionization (ESI) or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) brought a major progress in the field. Here, modern developments in MS of CS/DS GAGs are gathered in a critical review covering the past 5 years. The first section is dedicated to protocols for CS/DS extraction from parent proteoglycan, digestion, and purification that are among critical prerequisites of a successful MS experiment. The second part highlights several MALDI MS aspects, the requirements, and applications of this ionization method to CS/DS investigation. An ample chapter is devoted to ESI MS strategies, which employ either capillary- or advanced chip-based sample infusion in combination with multistage MS (MS(n)) using either collision-induced (CID) or electron detachment dissociation (EDD). At last, the potential of two versatile separation techniques, capillary electrophoresis (CE), and liquid chromatography (LC) in off- and/or on-line coupling with ESI MS and MS(n), is discussed, alongside an assessment of particular buffer/solvent conditions and instrumental parameters required for CS/DS mixture separation followed by on-line mass analysis of individual components.
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Significant sensitivity improvements by matrix optimization: a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric study of lipids from hen egg yolk. Chem Phys Lipids 2010; 163:552-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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