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Mahdavi V, Omar SS, Zeinali T, Sadighara P, Fakhri Y. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment induced by pesticide residues in fresh pistachio in Iran based on Monte Carlo simulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:40942-40951. [PMID: 36626050 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research is aimed at the analysis of 87 pesticides in 30 fresh pistachio samples prepared from stores in Iran by QuEChERS-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The results showed at least one pesticide was in 67% of fresh pistachio samples. Kresoxim methyl residue was detected in 20 samples with average of 0.11 mg kg-1; this average is 2.2 times more than maximum residue limit (MRL). Buprofezin was recognized in five samples with average of 0.17 mg kg-1 was observed with 3.4 times more than MRL; hexaconazole and permethrin were recognized in three samples lower than MRL with an average residue of 0.030 and 0.028 mg kg-1, respectively. In addition, potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk assessments were evaluated using probabilistic methods performed with the Monte Carlo simulation algorithm. The order of pesticide ranking based on hazard quotient (HQ) was hexaconazole > buprofezin > permethrin > kresoxim methyl. Total HQ (HI) was 2.0E-4 and for children, 9.0E-4. Hence, it means fresh pistachio consuming maybe not have significant short-term health risks for consumer. Ranking based on cancer risk (CR) was hexaconazole > kresoxim methyl > metalaxyl > permethrin > buprofezin. However, total CR due to pesticide residues was not higher than 1E-6 value (1.09E-9); therefore, consumers were not at significant risk of carcinogenicity in this product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Mahdavi
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sharaf S Omar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, AL-Balqa Applied University, P.O. Box 36197, Salt, 11120, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tayebeh Zeinali
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Food Safety and Hygiene Division, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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2
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Celik H, Soylemez S. An electrochemical acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on Fluorene(bisthiophene) comprising polymer for paraoxon detection. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Shi X, Yang F, Liu H, Zhang M, Sun X, Guo Y. Supersensitive Electrochemiluminescence Aptasensor for Malathion Residues Based on ATO@TiO2 and AgNPs. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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4
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Preparation and evaluation of various banana-based biochars together with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of diverse pesticides in fruiting vegetables. Food Chem 2021; 360:130085. [PMID: 34038840 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomass, originates from plant- or animal-based materials with a huge potential to be reused. Here we report a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for preparation of modified biochars derived from the banana peel followed by their applications in pipette-tip micro solid-phase extraction (PT-µSPE). Due to the contribution of various effective parameters on modification of banana peel biochars (BPBs), Taguchi design was used to optimize activation temperature, activation repetition, treatment material and impregnation ratio. Efficiency of the prepared BPBs were studied by extraction of twelve various pesticides, as model analytes with an extended range of log P values (1.4-5.7), followed by their determination using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. After finding the most suitable BPB, the affecting parameters on the PT-µSPE performance were optimized. Accordingly, the LOD values of 0.03-10 µg L-1, linear dynamic range of 0.1-200 µg L-1 and a range of RSD values of 5.3-19% were obtained. Eventually, five fruiting vegetables were analyzed and screened for their possible contaminations. Among the tested pesticides, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, phosalone, propargite and thiophanate-methyl were detected in eggplant, sweet pepper, zucchini and tomato.
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5
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Wang W, Wang X, Cheng N, Luo Y, Lin Y, Xu W, Du D. Recent advances in nanomaterials-based electrochemical (bio)sensors for pesticides detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Djozan D, Norouzi J, Farajzadeh MA. On-Line Sorbentless Cryogenic Needle Trap and GC–FID Method for the Extraction and Analysis of Trace Volatile Organic Compounds from Soil Samples. J Chromatogr Sci 2020; 58:887-895. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, an automated sorbentless cryogenic needle trap device (ASCNTD) coupled with a gas chromatograph (GC) was developed with the aim of sampling, pre-concentration and determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from soil sample. This paper describes optimization of relevant parameters, performance evaluation and an illustrative application of ASCNTD. The ASCNTD system consists of a 5 cm stainless steel needle passed through a hollow ceramic rod which is coiled with resistive nichrome wire. The set is placed in a PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) chamber through which liquid nitrogen can flow. The headspace components are circulated with a pump to pass through the needle, and this results in freeze-trapping of the VOCs on the inner surface of the needle. When extraction is completed, the analytes trapped in the inner wall of the needle were thermally desorbed and swept by the carrier gas into the GC capillary column. The parameters being effective on the extraction processes, namely headspace flow rate, the temperature and time of extraction and desorption were optimized and evaluated. The developed technique was compared to the headspace solid-phase microextraction method for the analysis of soil samples containing BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene). The relative standard deviation values are below 8% and detection limits as low as 1.2 ng g−1 were obtained for BTEX by ASCNTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djavanshir Djozan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamal Norouzi
- Department of Chemistry, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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Zhao J, Meng Z, Zhao Z, Zhao L. Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent as green and efficient media combined with functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes as solid-phase extraction to determine pesticide residues in food products. Food Chem 2020; 310:125863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Analysis of multiple pesticide residues in polyphenol-rich agricultural products by UPLC-MS/MS using a modified QuEChERS extraction and dilution method. Food Chem 2019; 274:452-459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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9
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Hoff RB, Pizzolato TM. Combining extraction and purification steps in sample preparation for environmental matrices: A review of matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Hassani S, Akmal MR, Salek-Maghsoudi A, Rahmani S, Ganjali MR, Norouzi P, Abdollahi M. Novel label-free electrochemical aptasensor for determination of Diazinon using gold nanoparticles-modified screen-printed gold electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 120:122-128. [PMID: 30172234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a highly sensitive label-free electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of Diazinon (DZN), as one of the most widespread organophosphorus compounds. The aptasensor was assembled using screen-printed gold electrode modified by thiolated aptamers which were immobilized on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Optimum deposition time, in which the highest electrochemical response occurred, was found in 150 s. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were used to characterize electrochemical properties of the novel aptasensor. Electrochemical detection was carried out through differential pulse voltammetry in [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- solution. Fluctuation of the current was examined in the DZN concentration range of 0.1-1000 nM. According to the results, the designed aptasensor provided an extremely lower limit of detection (0.0169 nM) compared with HPLC and other colorimetric techniques for DZN detection. The present highly specific designed aptasensor doesn't interact with other analytes in the real sample. Consequently, the present aptasensor is easy to use and relatively inexpensive with a good sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility for this application. We are now evaluating all approaches to make a portable device for fast and sensitive quantification of DZN and related OPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rezaei Akmal
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Salek-Maghsoudi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Rahmani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Norouzi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Hassani S, Maqbool F, Salek-Maghsoudi A, Rahmani S, Shadboorestan A, Nili-Ahmadabadi A, Amini M, Norouzi P, Abdollahi M. Alteration of hepatocellular antioxidant gene expression pattern and biomarkers of oxidative damage in diazinon-induced acute toxicity in Wistar rat: A time-course mechanistic study. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:57-71. [PMID: 29383019 PMCID: PMC5780620 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the present survey, the plasma level of diazinon after acute exposure was measured by HPLC method at a time-course manner. In addition, the impact of diazinon on the expression of the key genes responsible for hepatocellular antioxidative defense, including PON1, GPx and CAT were investigated. The increase in oxidative damages in treated rats was determined by measuring LPO, protein carbonyl content and total antioxidant power in plasma. After administration of 85 mg/kg diazinon in ten groups of male Wistar rats at different time points between 0-24 hours, the activity of AChE enzyme was inhibited to about 77.94 %. Significant increases in carbonyl groups and LPO after 0.75 and 1 hours were also observed while the plasma antioxidant power was significantly decreased. Despite the dramatic reduction of GPX and PON1 gene expression, CAT gene was significantly upregulated in mRNA level by 1.1 fold after 4 hours and 1.5-fold after 24 hours due to diazinon exposure, compared to control group. Furthermore, no significant changes in diazinon plasma levels were found after 4 hours in the treated rats. The limits of detection and quantification were 137.42 and 416.52 ng/mL, respectively. The average percentage recoveries from plasma were between 90.62 % and 95.72 %. In conclusion, acute exposure to diazinon increased oxidative stress markers in a time-dependent manner and the changes were consistent with effects on hepatic antioxidant gene expression pattern. The effect of diazinon even as a non-lethal dose was induced on the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. The change in antioxidant defense system occurs prior to diazinon plasma peak time. These results provide biochemical and molecular evidence supporting potential acute toxicity of diazinon and is beneficial in the evaluation of acute toxicity of other organophosphorus pesticides as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faheem Maqbool
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Salek-Maghsoudi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Rahmani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shadboorestan
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Cancer Therapy Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Norouzi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Raina-Fulton R, Dunn N, Xie Z. Pesticides and Their Degradation Products Including Metabolites: Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Methods. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2017. [DOI: 10.5772/68074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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13
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Biosensors and their applications in detection of organophosphorus pesticides in the environment. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:109-130. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Chen J, Zhou G, Deng Y, Cheng H, Shen J, Gao Y, Peng G. Ultrapreconcentration and determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:272-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Chen
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Yongli Deng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Hongmei Cheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Jie Shen
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Yi Gao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Guilong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education; Chongqing University; Chongqing China
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15
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Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination for multiclass pesticides from insect samples by microwave-assisted solvent extraction followed by a salt-out effect and micro-dispersion purification. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 891:160-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Kruve A, Rebane R, Kipper K, Oldekop ML, Evard H, Herodes K, Ravio P, Leito I. Tutorial review on validation of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry methods: Part I. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 870:29-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Oellig C, Schwack W. Planar solid phase extraction clean-up and microliter-flow injection analysis–time-of-flight mass spectrometry for multi-residue screening of pesticides in food. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1351:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Development of a multiresidue method for analysis of pesticides in sediments based on isotope dilution and liquid chromatography-electrospray–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1305:176-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Marques SM, da Silva JCGE. Quantitative analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in freshwater using an optimized firefly luciferase-based coupled bioluminescent assay. LUMINESCENCE 2013; 29:378-85. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SM Marques
- Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto (CIQ-UP), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - JCG Esteves da Silva
- Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto (CIQ-UP), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
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20
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An absorbing microwave micro-solid-phase extraction device used in non-polar solvent microwave-assisted extraction for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 760:60-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Conventional liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry based metabolite identification and semi-quantitative estimation approach in the investigation of in vitro dabigatran etexilate metabolism. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:1695-704. [PMID: 23239178 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Dabigatran etexilate (DABE) is an oral prodrug that is rapidly converted by esterases to dabigatran (DAB), a direct inhibitor of thrombin. To elucidate the esterase-mediated metabolic pathway of DABE, a high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry based metabolite identification and semi-quantitative estimation approach was developed. To overcome the poor full-scan sensitivity of conventional triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, precursor-product ion pairs were predicted to search for the potential in vitro metabolites. The detected metabolites were confirmed by the product ion scan. A dilution method was introduced to evaluate the matrix effects on tentatively identified metabolites without chemical standards. Quantitative information on detected metabolites was obtained using "metabolite standards" generated from incubation samples that contain a high concentration of metabolite in combination with a correction factor for mass spectrometry response. Two in vitro metabolites of DABE (M1 and M2) were identified, and quantified by the semi-quantitative estimation approach. It is noteworthy that CES1 converts DABE to M1 while CES2 mediates the conversion of DABE to M2. M1 and M2 were further metabolized to DAB by CES2 and CES1, respectively. The approach presented here provides a solution to a bioanalytical need for fast identification and semi-quantitative estimation of CES metabolites in preclinical samples.
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Guillén D, Ginebreda A, Farré M, Darbra RM, Petrovic M, Gros M, Barceló D. Prioritization of chemicals in the aquatic environment based on risk assessment: analytical, modeling and regulatory perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 440:236-52. [PMID: 22809786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The extensive and intensive use of chemicals in our developed, highly technological society includes more than 100,000 chemical substances. Significant scientific evidence has lead to the recognition that their improper use and release may result in undesirable and harmful side-effects on both the human and ecosystem health. To cope with them, appropriate risk assessment processes and related prioritization schemes have been developed in order to provide the necessary scientific support for regulatory procedures. In the present paper, two of the elements that constitute the core of risk assessment, namely occurrence and hazard effects, have been discussed. Recent advances in analytical chemistry (sample pre-treatment and instrumental equipment, etc.) have allowed for more comprehensive monitoring of environmental pollution reaching limits of detection up to sub ng L(-1). Alternative to analytical measurements, occurrence models can provide risk managers with a very interesting approach for estimating environmental concentrations from real or hypothetical scenarios. The most representative prioritization schemes used for issuing lists of concerning chemicals have also been examined and put in the context of existing environmental policies for protection strategies and regulations. Finally, new challenges in the field of risk-assessment have been outlined, including those posed by new materials (i.e., nanomaterials), transformation products, multi-chemical exposure, or extension of the risk assessment process to the whole ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Guillén
- IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08024 Barcelona, Spain.
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23
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Cleaning sorbents used in matrix solid-phase dispersion with sonication: Application to the estimation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at ng/g levels in marine sediments. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1263:43-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Carro AM, García-Rodríguez D, Gonzalez-Siso P, Lorenzo RA. Determination of chemotherapeutic agents in fish and shellfish by matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2866-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M. Carro
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - Diego García-Rodríguez
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - Paula Gonzalez-Siso
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
| | - Rosa A. Lorenzo
- Dpto. de Química Analítica; Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela; Spain
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25
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Ultrasonic-assisted water extraction and solvent bar microextraction followed by gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry for determination of chlorobenzenes in soil samples. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1256:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2012] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Daneshvand B, Ara KM, Raofie F. Comparison of supercritical fluid extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction of fatty acids from quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) seed using response surface methodology and central composite design. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1252:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Determination of Organophosphate Pesticide Residues in Salt Fish Using Accelerated Solvent Extraction and Gel Permeation Chromatography/Solid Phase Extraction with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1096.2011.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Zuloaga O, Navarro P, Bizkarguenaga E, Iparraguirre A, Vallejo A, Olivares M, Prieto A. Overview of extraction, clean-up and detection techniques for the determination of organic pollutants in sewage sludge: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 736:7-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Pesticides in seaweed: optimization of pressurized liquid extraction and in-cell clean-up and analysis by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:173-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Stahnke H, Kittlaus S, Kempe G, Alder L. Reduction of Matrix Effects in Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization–Mass Spectrometry by Dilution of the Sample Extracts: How Much Dilution is Needed? Anal Chem 2012; 84:1474-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ac202661j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Stahnke
- Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589
Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kittlaus
- Joint Analytical Systems GmbH, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 49, 47445 Moers,
Germany
| | - Günther Kempe
- Landesuntersuchungsanstalt für das Gesundheits- und Veterinärwesen Sachsen, Reichenbachstraße 71-73, 01217 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lutz Alder
- Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589
Berlin, Germany
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31
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Sorbentless cryogenic needle trap device for the extraction of organic volatile compounds. Mikrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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32
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Samadi S, Sereshti H, Assadi Y. Ultra-preconcentration and determination of thirteen organophosphorus pesticides in water samples using solid-phase extraction followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1219:61-5. [PMID: 22153286 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An ultra-preconcentration technique composed of solid-phase extraction (SPE) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography-flame photometric detection (GC-FPD) was used for determination of thirteen organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) including phorate, diazinon, disolfotane, methyl parathion, sumithion, chlorpyrifos, malathion, fenthion, profenphose, ethion, phosalone, azinphose-methyl and co-ral in aqueous samples. The analytes were collected from large volumes of aqueous solutions (100 mL) into 100 mg of a SPE C(18) sorbent. The effective variables of SPE including type and volume of elution solvent, volume and flow rate of sample solution, and salt concentration were investigated and optimized. Acetone was selected as eluent in SPE and disperser solvent in DLLME and chlorobenzene was used as extraction solvent. Under the optimal conditions, the enrichment factors were between 15,160 and 21,000 and extraction recoveries were 75.8-105.0%. The linear range was 1-10,000 ng L(-1) and limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.2 and 1.5 ng L(-1). The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for 50 ng L(-1) of OPPs in water with and without an internal standard, were in the range of 1.4-7.9% (n=5) and 4.0-11.6%, respectively. The relative recoveries of OPPs from well and farm water sat spiking levels of 25 and 250 ng L(-1) were 88-109%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Samadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Ferrer C, Lozano A, Agüera A, Girón AJ, Fernández-Alba A. Overcoming matrix effects using the dilution approach in multiresidue methods for fruits and vegetables. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7634-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Camino-Sánchez FJ, Zafra-Gómez A, Pérez-Trujillo JP, Conde-González JE, Marques JC, Vílchez JL. Validation of a GC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of 86 persistent organic pollutants in marine sediments by pressurized liquid extraction followed by stir bar sorptive extraction. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:869-881. [PMID: 21723584 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A multiresidue method for the analysis of 86 persistent pollutants in marine sediments at ultra-trace level has been developed and validated using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and stir-bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) coupled with thermal desorption and gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS/MS QqQ). The compounds analyzed belong to various families such as polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polybrominated diphenylethers, organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides and other pesticides such as urons, and triazines. The analytes have very different polarities and log K(ow) values, which is an important parameter in the optimization of a SBSE method. Due to PLE high efficiency and throughput rates, along with the proven ability for multiresidue analysis and excellent sensitivity of SBSE, we present an efficient method. The limits of quantification obtained ranged from 0.014 to 1.0 ng g(-1), with detection limits below pg g(-1) levels. In order to validate the proposed methodology, quality parameters such as recovery, linearity and reproducibility were studied. Recoveries ranged from 63% to 119%, reproducibility (in terms of Relative Standard Deviation for ten determinations) was lower than 35% in all cases, and determination coefficients higher than 0.990 for all analytes. The main factors that affect PLE, SBSE and GC-MS/MS procedures were optimized. The method was applied to the analysis of nine marine sediments obtained from the nine main submarine wastewater discharge points (emissaries) presents along the coast of Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain).
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Sereshti H, Izadmanesh Y, Samadi S. Optimized ultrasonic assisted extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with gas chromatography for determination of essential oil of Oliveria decumbens Vent. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4593-8. [PMID: 21679955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 03/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonic assisted extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UAE-DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) was applied for extraction and determination of essential oil constituents of the plant Oliveria decumbens Vent. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to see the effect of ultrasonic radiation on the extraction efficiency. By comparison with hydrodistillation, UAE-DLLME is fast, low cost, simple, efficient and consuming small amount of plant materials (∼1.0 g). The effects of various parameters such as temperature, ultrasonication time, volume of disperser and extraction solvents were investigated by a full factorial design to identify significant variables and their interactions. The results demonstrated that temperature and ultrasonication time had no considerable effect on the results. In the next step, a central composite design (CCD) was performed to obtain the optimum levels of significant parameters. The obtained optimal conditions were: 0.45 mL for disperser solvent (acetonitrile) and 94.84 μL for extraction solvent (chlorobenzene). The limits of detection (LODs), linear dynamic range and determination coefficients (R(2)) were 0.2-29 ng mL(-1), 1-2100 ng mL(-1) and 0.995-0.998, respectively. The main components of the essential oil were: thymol (47.06%), carvacrol (23.31%), gamma-terpinene (18.94%), p-cymene (8.71%), limonene (0.76%) and myristicin (0.63%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sereshti
- School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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36
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Ding Y, Zhang W, Gu C, Xagoraraki I, Li H. Determination of pharmaceuticals in biosolids using accelerated solvent extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1218:10-6. [PMID: 21112593 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 10/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An analytical method was developed to quantitatively determine pharmaceuticals in biosolid (treated sewage sludge) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The collected biosolid samples were initially freeze dried, and grounded to obtain relatively homogenized powders. Pharmaceuticals were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) under the optimized conditions. The optimal operation parameters, including extraction solvent, temperature, pressure, extraction time and cycles, were identified to be acetonitrile/water mixture (v/v 7:3) as extraction solvent with 3 extraction cycles (15 min for each cycle) at 100 °C and 100 bars. The extracts were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction followed by determination by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. For the 15 target pharmaceuticals commonly found in the environment, the overall method recoveries ranged from 49% to 68% for tetracyclines, 64% to 95% for sulfonamides, and 77% to 88% for other pharmaceuticals (i.e. acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, erythromycin, lincomycin and tylosin). The developed method was successfully validated and applied to the biosolid samples collected from WWTPs located in six cities in Michigan. Among the 15 target pharmaceuticals, 14 pharmaceuticals were detected in the collected biosolid samples. The average concentrations ranged from 2.6 μg/kg for lincomycin to 743.6 μg/kg for oxytetracycline. These results indicated that pharmaceuticals could survive wastewater treatment processes, and accumulate in sewage sludge and biosolids. Subsequent land application of the contaminated biosolids could lead to the dissemination of pharmaceuticals in soil and water environment, which poses potential threats to at-risk populations in the receiving ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Ding
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Olariu RI, Vione D, Grinberg N, Arsene C. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR TRACE ANALYSIS BY CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2010.484371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romeo-Iulian Olariu
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
| | - Davide Vione
- b Dipartimento di Chimica Analitica , Università di Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- c Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Ridgefield , Connecticut , USA
| | - Cecilia Arsene
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
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Petrovic M, Farré M, de Alda ML, Perez S, Postigo C, Köck M, Radjenovic J, Gros M, Barcelo D. Recent trends in the liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of organic contaminants in environmental samples. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:4004-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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