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Chen T, Le Bizec B, Dervilly G. Anabolic steroids in livestock production: Background and implications for chemical food safety. Steroids 2024; 206:109420. [PMID: 38580048 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The use of steroids in livestock animals is a source of concern for consumers because of the risks associated with the presence of their residues in foodstuffs of animal origin. Technological advances such as mass spectrometry have made it possible to play a fundamental role in controlling such practices, firstly for the discovery of marker metabolites but also for the monitoring of these compounds under the regulatory framework. Current control strategies rely on the monitoring of either the parent drug or its metabolites in various matrices of interest. As some of these steroids also have an endogenous status specific strategies have to be applied for control purposes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge of analytical strategies, whether targeted or non-targeted, and whether they focus on markers of exposure or effect in the specific context of chemical food safety regarding the use of anabolic steroids in livestock. The role of new approaches in data acquisition (e.g. ion mobility), processing and analysis, (e.g. molecular networking), is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, Nantes 44300, France
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2
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Ashokan M, Rana E, Sneha K, Namith C, Naveen Kumar GS, Azharuddin N, Elango K, Jeyakumar S, Ramesha KP. Metabolomics-a powerful tool in livestock research. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3237-3249. [PMID: 36200897 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2128814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) along with recent developments in omics sciences have resulted in a better understanding of molecular mechanisms and pathways associated with the physio-pathological state of the animal. Metabolomics is a post-genomics tool that deals with small molecular metabolites in a given set of time which provides clear information about the status of an organism. Recently many researchers mainly focus their research on metabolomics studies due to its valuable information in the various fields of livestock management and precision dairying. The main aim of the present review is to provide an insight into the current research output from different sources and application of metabolomics in various areas of livestock including nutri-metabolomics, disease diagnosis advancements, reproductive disorders, pharmaco-metabolomics, genomics studies, and dairy production studies. The present review would be helpful in understanding the metabolomics methodologies and use of livestock metabolomics in various areas in a brief way.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ashokan
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Hassan Veterinary College, Hassan, India
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Cattle Breeding and Fodder Development, Thiruvarur, India
| | - Ekta Rana
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Kadimetla Sneha
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Hassan Veterinary College, Hassan, India
| | - C Namith
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - G S Naveen Kumar
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Hassan Veterinary College, Hassan, India
| | - N Azharuddin
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - K Elango
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - S Jeyakumar
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - K P Ramesha
- Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India
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3
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Wen YQ, Zhang HW, Xue CH, Wang XH, Bi SJ, Xu LL, Xue QQ, Xue Y, Li ZJ, Velasco J, Jiang XM. A chemometric study on the identification of 5-methylfurfural and 2-acetylfuran as particular volatile compounds of oxidized fish oil based on SHS-GC-IMS. Food Chem 2023; 399:133991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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From targeted methods to metabolomics based strategies to screen for growth promoters misuse in horseracing and livestock: A review. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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5
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Asselstine V, Lam S, Miglior F, Brito LF, Sweett H, Guan L, Waters SM, Plastow G, Cánovas A. The potential for mitigation of methane emissions in ruminants through the application of metagenomics, metabolomics, and other -OMICS technologies. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6377879. [PMID: 34586400 PMCID: PMC8480417 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruminant supply chains contribute 5.7 gigatons of CO2-eq per annum, which represents approximately 80% of the livestock sector emissions. One of the largest sources of emission in the ruminant sector is methane (CH4), accounting for approximately 40% of the sectors total emissions. With climate change being a growing concern, emphasis is being put on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, including those from ruminant production. Various genetic and environmental factors influence cattle CH4 production, such as breed, genetic makeup, diet, management practices, and physiological status of the host. The influence of genetic variability on CH4 yield in ruminants indicates that genomic selection for reduced CH4 emissions is possible. Although the microbiology of CH4 production has been studied, further research is needed to identify key differences in the host and microbiome genomes and how they interact with one another. The advancement of “-omics” technologies, such as metabolomics and metagenomics, may provide valuable information in this regard. Improved understanding of genetic mechanisms associated with CH4 production and the interaction between the microbiome profile and host genetics will increase the rate of genetic progress for reduced CH4 emissions. Through a systems biology approach, various “-omics” technologies can be combined to unravel genomic regions and genetic markers associated with CH4 production, which can then be used in selective breeding programs. This comprehensive review discusses current challenges in applying genomic selection for reduced CH4 emissions, and the potential for “-omics” technologies, especially metabolomics and metagenomics, to minimize such challenges. The integration and evaluation of different levels of biological information using a systems biology approach is also discussed, which can assist in understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms and biology of CH4 production traits in ruminants and aid in reducing agriculture’s overall environmental footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Asselstine
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lam
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Filippo Miglior
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.,Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hannah Sweett
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Leluo Guan
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Sinead M Waters
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Teagasc Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, C15 PW93, Ireland
| | - Graham Plastow
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Angela Cánovas
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Liesenfeld S, Steliopoulos P, Hamscher G. Comprehensive Metabolomics Analysis of Nontargeted LC-HRMS Data Provides Valuable Insights Regarding the Origin of Veterinary Drug Residues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12493-12502. [PMID: 33081472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) complements standard triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry in veterinary drug residue control. LC-HRMS offers the opportunity for nontargeted screening for metabolites and biomarkers representing metabolic changes. In this work, the feasibility of a nontargeted metabolomics approach based on LC-HRMS data (LC-Q-Orbitrap and LC-Q-TOF) to distinguish between porcine muscle tissue from infected animals and from healthy animals is demonstrated. The differences arise from various compounds associated with metabolic changes in infected animals. Two new biomarker candidates have been identified: tripeptide prolyphenylalanylglycine and a lysophosphatidylcholine derivative. For the first time, a bivariate data analysis procedure is described that may be used to evaluate whether the presence of antibiotic residues points to a therapeutic application or may be the result of a contamination during sampling and/or analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Liesenfeld
- CVUA Karlsruhe, Department of Veterinary Drug Residue Analysis, Weissenburger Straße 3, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Justus Liebig University, Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Steliopoulos
- CVUA Karlsruhe, Department of Veterinary Drug Residue Analysis, Weissenburger Straße 3, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerd Hamscher
- Justus Liebig University, Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Profiling of Metabolomic Changes in Plasma and Urine of Pigs Caused by Illegal Administration of Testosterone Esters. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10080307. [PMID: 32727023 PMCID: PMC7463996 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10080307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of anabolic steroid hormones as growth promoters in feed for farm animals has been banned in the European Union since 1988 on the basis of Council Directive 96/22/EC. However, there is still ongoing monitoring and reporting of positive findings of these banned substances in EU countries. The aim of this work was to investigate the efficacy and discriminatory ability of metabolic fingerprinting after the administration of 17β-testosterone esters to pigs. Plasma and urine samples were chromatographically separated on a Hypersil Gold C18 column. High resolution mass spectrometry metabolomic fingerprints were analysed on a hybrid mass spectrometer Q-Exactive. Three independent multivariate statistical methods, namely principal component analysis, clustre analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis showed significant differences between the treated and control groups of pigs even 14 days after the administration of the hormonal drug. Plasma samples were also analysed by a conventional quantitative analysis using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and a pharmacokinetic curve was constructed based on the results. In this case, no testosterone residue was detected 14 days after the administration. The results clearly showed that a metabolomics approach can be a useful and effective tool for the detection and monitoring of banned anabolic steroids used illegally in pig fattening.
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Narduzzi L, Dervilly G, Audran M, Le Bizec B, Buisson C. A role for metabolomics in the antidoping toolbox? Drug Test Anal 2020; 12:677-690. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Narduzzi
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA)Oniris, INRAE Nantes France
| | - Gaud Dervilly
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA)Oniris, INRAE Nantes France
| | - Michel Audran
- Département des analysesAgence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD) Châtenay‐Malabry France
| | - Bruno Le Bizec
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA)Oniris, INRAE Nantes France
| | - Corinne Buisson
- Département des analysesAgence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD) Châtenay‐Malabry France
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Polythiophene as highly efficient sorbent for microextraction in packed sorbent for determination of steroids from bovine milk samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Liu SJ, Wu YN, Chan L. Application of Metabonomics Approach in Food Safety Research-A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1655571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Laurie Chan
- Center for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Gaugain M, Mompelat S, Fourmond MP, Manceau J, Rolland JG, Laurentie M, Verdon E, Bellanger L, Hurtaud-Pessel D. A non-targeted LC-HRMS approach for detecting exposure to illegal veterinary treatments: The case of cephalosporins in commercial laying Hens. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1599:161-171. [PMID: 31014576 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cephalosporins are of particular importance in human medicine and should be reserved for second-line curative treatment in the veterinary field to avoid any emerging antimicrobial resistance. Due to misuse of ceftiofur in the poultry sector in France, it is now recommended to completely stop using cephalosporins in this sector. Methods currently used for the control of veterinary practices are mostly based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in a targeted mode, including parent compounds and any major metabolites. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of untargeted metabolomic approaches to highlight a possible exposure of laying hens to cephalosporins using a predictive model including selected treatment biomarkers. An experimentation carried out on living animals involved the administration of cefquinome and ceftiofur. Three biological matrices-droppings, eggs and liver-were investigated. Metabolites were extracted and analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry in a full scan mode. Metabolites impacted by the treatment were selected by using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Predictive models built from the potential biomarkers selected in the "droppings" matrix were validated and able to classify "treated" and "control" hens. PLS-DA and logistic regression models were compared and both models gave satisfactory results in terms of prediction. Results were of less interest for other matrices in which only biomarkers of exposure to cefquinome were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Gaugain
- Residues and Contaminants Analysis Unit, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France.
| | - Sophie Mompelat
- Residues and Contaminants Analysis Unit, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Fourmond
- Residues and Contaminants Analysis Unit, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France
| | - Jacqueline Manceau
- Analysis of Data, Modeling and Experiment Unit, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Guy Rolland
- Analysis of Data, Modeling and Experiment Unit, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France
| | - Michel Laurentie
- Analysis of Data, Modeling and Experiment Unit, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France
| | - Eric Verdon
- EU Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial and Dye Residues in Food, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France
| | - Lise Bellanger
- Université de Nantes, Département de Mathématiques, Laboratoire Jean Leray UMR CNRS 6629, 2, Rue de la Houssinière BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Dominique Hurtaud-Pessel
- Residues and Contaminants Analysis Unit, Fougères Laboratory, ANSES (French National Agency for Food, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety), 10 B, rue Claude Bourgelat - Javené, CS 40608, 35306, Fougères Cedex, France
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Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhao X, Xu J, Lin C, Jing P, Hu L, Zhao S, Wang X, Li B. Discrimination of dried sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) products from different geographical origins by sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH-MS)-based proteomic analysis and chemometrics. Food Chem 2019; 274:592-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Biancotto G, Stella R, Barrucci F, Lega F, Angeletti R. Urinary Concentrations of Steroids in Bulls under Anabolic Treatment by Revalor-XS® Implant. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2016; 2016:8013175. [PMID: 27840769 PMCID: PMC5093300 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8013175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the European ban of using anabolics in food-producing animals, growth promoters might still be illegally used in the European Union. To control the food chain and guarantee consumers' health, there is a need of highly sensitive analytical methods for the identification of marker residues of such treatments. In the present study, a group of bulls (n = 16) received trenbolone acetate (200 mg) and estradiol (40 mg) by a commercial ear implant during a time range of 71 days, and a second group (n = 16) was kept for control. The aim of the research was to measure the residual urinary concentrations of the administered drugs (β-trenbolone and β-estradiol), their main metabolites (α-trenbolone and α-estradiol), and possible alterations of the urinary profile of other endogenous hormones metabolically related. The analytical method was based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed average urinary concentrations of α-trenbolone and α-estradiol during treatment in the range of (0.81 ÷ 2.1) ng mL-1 and (0.96 ÷ 4.4) ng mL-1, respectively, whereas β-trenbolone and β-estradiol exhibit urinary concentrations lower than 0.22 ng mL-1 in both cases. Data obtained from the urinary profiles of endogenous steroids indicate that they could be useful to indirectly detect the ongoing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Biancotto
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Stella
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Federica Barrucci
- Department of Public Health and Risk Analysis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Lega
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Angeletti
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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14
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Stella R, Barrucci F, Angeletti R, James P, Montesissa C, Biancotto G. Targeted proteomics for the indirect detection of dexamethasone treatment in bovines. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:8343-8353. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9951-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Zhou Z. Non-target impurity profiling of marketplace Cetirizine using high-resolution mass spectrometry and multivariate data analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:1941-1950. [PMID: 27384394 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE As always, drug impurity is the first concern of medication safety. The quality of pre- and post-marketed drugs is estimated through systematic analysis of potential hazardous substances by impurity profiling. Impurity profile is the general name of all unwanted materials which may affect the purity of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The safety of original drugs is guaranteed by an enormous amount of animal experiments and clinical research while the safety of generic drugs should also be ensured by comparative analysis for consistency evaluation. The significantly differential impurities between them should be focused on and the toxicity should be further estimated if necessary. Herein, we take a marketplace drug named Cetirizine as an example to investigate if there was a method which could effectively discover the potential markers among Cetirizine tablets with different brands and describe specific impurity profiling which makes the unknown brand of Cetirizine tablets predictable. METHODS Liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) was applied to capture the characteristic features of the impurity profile for three brands of marketplace Cetirizine tablets using full scan data-dependent MS/MS scan mode (FS-ddMS(2) ). RESULTS Unsupervised learning: principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised learning: consensus orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were utilized to reveal the essential character of Cetirizine impurity profile; 16 differential impurities were finally found, their structures were speculated by HRMS(2) data. CONCLUSIONS The cause of formation was further elucidated which gave a suggestion for production process optimization. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co., Ltd, No 6 Building, 27 Xinjinqiao Road, Shanghai, 201206, China
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16
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Castillo-Peinado LS, Luque de Castro MD. Present and foreseeable future of metabolomics in forensic analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 925:1-15. [PMID: 27188312 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The revulsive publications during the last years on the precariousness of forensic sciences worldwide have promoted the move of major steps towards improvement of this science. One of the steps (viz. a higher involvement of metabolomics in the new era of forensic analysis) deserves to be discussed under different angles. Thus, the characteristics of metabolomics that make it a useful tool in forensic analysis, the aspects in which this omics is so far implicit, but not mentioned in forensic analyses, and how typical forensic parameters such as the post-mortem interval or fingerprints take benefits from metabolomics are critically discussed in this review. The way in which the metabolomics-forensic binomial succeeds when either conventional or less frequent samples are used is highlighted here. Finally, the pillars that should support future developments involving metabolomics and forensic analysis, and the research required for a fruitful in-depth involvement of metabolomics in forensic analysis are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Castillo-Peinado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; University of Córdoba, Agrifood Excellence Campus, ceiA3, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M D Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; University of Córdoba, Agrifood Excellence Campus, ceiA3, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain.
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17
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Tang C, Zhang K, Liang X, Zhao Q, Zhang J. Application of a NMR-based untargeted quantitative metabonomic approach to screen for illicit salbutamol administration in cattle. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4777-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9571-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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The potential of circulating extracellular small RNAs (smexRNA) in veterinary diagnostics-Identifying biomarker signatures by multivariate data analysis. BIOMOLECULAR DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION 2015; 5:15-22. [PMID: 27077039 PMCID: PMC4822223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bdq.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide growth and performance-enhancing substances are used in cattle husbandry to increase productivity. In certain countries however e.g., in the EU, these practices are forbidden to prevent the consumers from potential health risks of substance residues in food. To maximize economic profit, ‘black sheep‘ among farmers might circumvent the detection methods used in routine controls, which highlights the need for an innovative and reliable detection method. Transcriptomics is a promising new approach in the discovery of veterinary medicine biomarkers and also a missing puzzle piece, as up to date, metabolomics and proteomics are paramount. Due to increased stability and easy sampling, circulating extracellular small RNAs (smexRNAs) in bovine plasma were small RNA-sequenced and their potential to serve as biomarker candidates was evaluated using multivariate data analysis tools. After running the data evaluation pipeline, the proportion of miRNAs (microRNAs) and piRNAs (PIWI-interacting small non-coding RNAs) on the total sequenced reads was calculated. Additionally, top 10 signatures were compared which revealed that the readcount data sets were highly affected by the most abundant miRNA and piRNA profiles. To evaluate the discriminative power of multivariate data analyses to identify animals after veterinary drug application on the basis of smexRNAs, OPLS-DA was performed. In summary, the quality of miRNA models using all mapped reads for both treatment groups (animals treated with steroid hormones or the β-agonist clenbuterol) is predominant to those generated with combined data sets or piRNAs alone. Using multivariate projection methodologies like OPLS-DA have proven the best potential to generate discriminative miRNA models, supported by small RNA-Seq data. Based on the presented comparative OPLS-DA, miRNAs are the favorable smexRNA biomarker candidates in the research field of veterinary drug abuse.
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Key Words
- Biomarker signatures
- CLEN, treated group with clenbuterol-hydrochloride
- CON, control group
- Circulating small RNAs
- DA, discriminant analysis
- EU, European Union
- Multivariate data analysis
- OPLS, orthogonal partial least-squares
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PLS, partial least-squares projection
- P + EB, treated group with steroid hormone implant: progesterone plus estradiol benzoate
- Small RNA-Sequencing
- Transcriptomics
- Veterinary diagnostics
- exRNA, extracellular RNA
- miRNA, microRNA
- piRNA, PIWI-interacting small non-coding RNA
- rpm, reads per million
- small RNA-Seq, small RNA-Sequencing
- smexRNA, circulating extracellular small RNA
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Regal P, Blokland MH, Fente CA, Sterk SS, Cepeda A, van Ginkel LA. Evaluation of the discriminative potential of a novel biomarker for estradiol treatments in bovine animals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:370-378. [PMID: 25485694 DOI: 10.1021/jf503773u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous occurrence of natural hormones obstructs the application of classical targeted methods as confirmatory options. In the case of estradiol, the ultimate confirmation of its exogenous administration relies on gas chromatography coupled to combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C/IRMS). A serum dipeptide composed of pyroglutamic acid and phenylalanine was identified as a potential biomarker of estradiol treatments in adult cows. To evaluate its potential to pinpoint suspicious samples, samples from prepubertal females under different estrogenic treatments have been analyzed. The results confirmed the up-regulation of the dipeptide in adult bovines. The 2-week-old females exhibited short-lasting responses only in a few animals. The 6-month-old female showed a delayed but clear increase on the biomarker level. The composition of the anabolic preparations, the dose, and/or the administration route are possible additional reasons for the reduced response in young animals. A comparison to previous results reported by various researchers is included.
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20
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Stella R, Arrigoni G, Biancotto G, Krogh M, Vascellari M, Lega F, Pozza G, Angeletti R, Andrighetto I, James P. Confirmation of Protein Biomarkers of Corticosteroids Treatment in Veal Calves Sampled under Field Conditions. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:1794-9. [DOI: 10.1021/pr401193r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Stella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Universitá, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Proteomics Center of Padova University, Via G. Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Biancotto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Universitá, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Morten Krogh
- Department
of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, S-223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Universitá, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Lega
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Universitá, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Pozza
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Universitá, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Angeletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Universitá, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Igino Andrighetto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Universitá, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Peter James
- Department
of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, S-223 81 Lund, Sweden
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21
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Regal P, Seijas JA, Cepeda A, Fente C. Structure elucidation and HPLC-MS/MS determination of a potential biomarker for estradiol administration in cattle. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:9537-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Metabolic study of grapevine leaves infected by downy mildew using negative ion electrospray – Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 795:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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23
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Janssens G, Mangelinckx S, Courtheyn D, Prévost S, De Poorter G, De Kimpe N, Le Bizec B. Application of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-MS/C/IRMS) to detect the abuse of 17β-estradiol in cattle. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:7242-7249. [PMID: 23815698 DOI: 10.1021/jf401797p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although the ability to differentiate between endogenous steroids and synthetic homologues on the basis of their (13)C/(12)C isotopic ratio has been known for over a decade, this technique has been scarcely implemented for food safety purposes. In this study, a method was developed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-MS/C/IRMS) to demonstrate the abuse of 17β-estradiol in cattle, by comparison of the (13)C/(12)C ratios of the main metabolite 17α-estradiol and an endogenous reference compound (ERC), 5-androstene-3β,17α-diol, in bovine urine. The intermediate precisions were determined as 0.46 and 0.26‰ for 5-androstene-3β,17α-diol and 17α-estradiol, respectively. This is, to the authors' knowledge, the first reported use of GC-MS/C/IRMS for the analysis of steroid compounds for food safety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert Janssens
- Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain, Directorate General Laboratories, Brussels, Belgium.
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24
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Li L, Yang SH, Lemr K, Havlicek V, Schug KA. Continuous flow-extractive desorption electrospray ionization: Analysis from “non-electrospray ionization-friendly” solvents and related mechanism. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 769:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Effect-based proteomic detection of growth promoter abuse. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:1171-9. [PMID: 23151655 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Unregulated growth promoter use in food-producing animals is an issue of concern both from food safety and animal welfare perspectives. However, the monitoring of such practices is analytically challenging due to the concerted actions of users to evade detection. Techniques based on the monitoring of biological responses to exogenous administrations have been proposed as more sensitive methods to identify treated animals. This study has, for the first time, profiled plasma proteome responses in bovine animals to treatment with nortestosterone decanoate and 17β-oestradiol benzoate, followed by dexamethasone administration. Two-dimensional fluorescence differential in-gel electrophoresis analysis revealed a series of hepatic and acute-phase proteins within plasma whose levels were up- or down-regulated within phases of the treatment regime. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immuno-assays were developed to quantify responses of identified protein markers during the experimental treatment study with a view to developing methods which can be used as screening tools for growth promoter abuse detection. SPR analysis demonstrated the potential for plasma proteins to be used as indicative measures of growth promoter administrations and concludes that the sensitivity and robustness of any detection approach based on plasma proteome analysis would benefit from examination of a range of proteins representative of diverse biological processes rather being reliant on specific individual markers.
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26
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Rijk JCW, Peijnenburg AACM, Blokland MH, Lommen A, Hoogenboom RLAP, Bovee TFH. Screening for Modulatory Effects on Steroidogenesis Using the Human H295R Adrenocortical Cell Line: A Metabolomics Approach. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:1720-31. [DOI: 10.1021/tx3001779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen C. W. Rijk
- RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ad A. C. M. Peijnenburg
- RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco H. Blokland
- RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Lommen
- RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ron L. A. P. Hoogenboom
- RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Toine F. H. Bovee
- RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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27
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Scarth JP, Kay J, Teale P, Akre C, Le Bizec B, De Brabander HF, Vanhaecke L, Van Ginkel L, Points J. A review of analytical strategies for the detection of ‘endogenous’ steroid abuse in food production. Drug Test Anal 2012; 4 Suppl 1:40-9. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. P. Scarth
- HFL Sport Science (an LGC company); Fordham; Cambridgeshire; UK
| | - J. Kay
- Veterinary Medicines Directorate; Addlestone; Surrey; UK
| | - P. Teale
- HFL Sport Science (an LGC company); Fordham; Cambridgeshire; UK
| | - C. Akre
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency; Saskatoon; Canada
| | | | | | - L. Vanhaecke
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke; Belgium
| | | | - J. Points
- Veterinary Drugs Group, LGC; Teddington; Middlesex; UK
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28
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Zhang T, Creek DJ, Barrett MP, Blackburn G, Watson DG. Evaluation of Coupling Reversed Phase, Aqueous Normal Phase, and Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography with Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry for Metabolomic Studies of Human Urine. Anal Chem 2012; 84:1994-2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2030738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161 Cathedral Street,
Glasgow G4 0NR, United Kingdom
| | - Darren J. Creek
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular
Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow
G12 8TA, United Kingdom
- Department
of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Michael P. Barrett
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular
Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow
G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Blackburn
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161 Cathedral Street,
Glasgow G4 0NR, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161 Cathedral Street,
Glasgow G4 0NR, United Kingdom
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29
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Anizan S, Bichon E, Duval T, Monteau F, Cesbron N, Antignac JP, Le Bizec B. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry-based metabolomic to screen for anabolic practices in cattle: identification of 5α-androst-2-en-17-one as new biomarker of 4-androstenedione misuse. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:131-140. [PMID: 22282099 DOI: 10.1002/jms.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of anabolic steroids as growth promoters for meat-producing animals is banned within the European Union. However, screening for the illegal use of natural steroid hormones still represents a difficult challenge because of the high interindividual and physiological variability of the endogenous concentration levels in animals. In this context, the development of untargeted profiling approaches for identifying new relevant biomarkers of exposure and/or effect has been emerging for a couple of years. The present study deals with an untargeted metabolomics approach on the basis of GC-MS aiming to reveal potential biomarkers signing a fraudulent administration of 4-androstenedione (AED), an anabolic androgenic steroid chosen as template. After a sample preparation based on microextraction by packed sorbent, urinary profiles of the free and deglucurono-conjugates urinary metabolites were acquired by GC-MS in the full-scan acquisition mode. Data processing and chemometric procedures highlighted 125 ions, allowing discrimination between samples collected before and after an administration of 4-AED. After a first evaluation of the signal robustness using additional and independent non-compliant samples, 17 steroid-like metabolites were pointed out as relevant candidate biomarkers. All these metabolites were then monitored using a targeted GC-MS/MS method for an additional assessment of their capacity to be used as biomarkers. Finally, two steroids, namely 5α-androstane-3β,17α-diol and 5α-androst-2-en-17-one, were concluded to be compatible with such a definition and which could be finally usable for screening purpose of AED abuse in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Anizan
- ONIRIS, USC 1329 LABERCA, La Chantrerie, BP 50707, Nantes, F-44307, France.
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30
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Anizan S, Bichon E, Di Nardo D, Monteau F, Cesbron N, Antignac JP, Le Bizec B. Screening of 4-androstenedione misuse in cattle by LC–MS/MS profiling of glucuronide and sulfate steroids in urine. Talanta 2011; 86:186-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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