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Lava R, Calore F, Mazzola M, Moretto CG, Pretto U, Salmaso P, Bizzotto A, Carvutto R, Acerbi M, Tommasi J, Marcomini A. Groundwater contamination by fluorinated aromatics: Benzotrifluoride and its derivatives. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 265:129029. [PMID: 33277002 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Benzotrifluoride (BTF) and its derivatives (BTFs) were found in the groundwater of the Veneto region (Italy) as a result of industrial contamination dating back to the 1970s. In the first survey, BTF and 6 BTFs were identified, out of which 4-chloro-3nitrobenzotrifluoride (3N4CBTF) was the only quantified analyte (concentration up to 1 mg L-1) and was used to trace the contamination plume. A survey carried out in 2008-2009 after the development of more suitable analytical procedures based on GC-MS, allowed to determine 4 new derivatives in addition to BTF and BTFs previously identified, with the most abundant compounds found at concentrations up to 11.9 μg L-1 and 7.2 μg L-1 respectively. A systematic monitoring program for the evaluation of persistence and distribution of fluorinated compounds was carried out in 2013-2018, and new data about the BTF and BTFs occurrence and distribution were gathered. Additional BTFs were identified and high concentrations of individual BTFs were recorded near the contamination source (e.g. 20.3 μg L-1 of 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzotrifluoride in 2017) as well as at large distance (e.g. 22.4 μg L-1 of 3N4CBTF and 12.5 μg L-1 of 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride in 2018). The results of BTFs monitoring campaigns carried out in 2008-2009 and 2017-2018 are compared and related to the historical data to assess the overall occurrence and distribution of BTFs contamination over a time range of ∼40 years. Remarkably, BTFs were still found (2018) at μg L-1 range. Spatial and temporal occurrence of BTF and BTFs in groundwater has been assessed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lava
- Veneto East Regional Laboratory Department ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Lissa 6, Mestre Venice, 30174, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, Mestre Venice, 30172, Italy
| | - Francesco Calore
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, Mestre Venice, 30172, Italy
| | - Massimo Mazzola
- Regional Department for Safety of the Territory ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Zamenhof 353, Vicenza, 36100, Italy
| | - Carlo Giovanni Moretto
- Inland Water Observatory ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Rezzonico 41, Padua, 35131, Italy
| | - Ugo Pretto
- Provincial Department ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Zamenhof 353, Vicenza, 36100, Italy
| | - Paola Salmaso
- Provincial Department ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Zamenhof 353, Vicenza, 36100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bizzotto
- Provincial Department ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Zamenhof 353, Vicenza, 36100, Italy
| | - Rosi Carvutto
- Veneto West Regional Laboratory Department ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Dominutti 8, Verona, 37135, Italy
| | - Mauro Acerbi
- Veneto West Regional Laboratory Department ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Dominutti 8, Verona, 37135, Italy
| | - Jgor Tommasi
- Veneto West Regional Laboratory Department ARPAV (Environmental Prevention and Protection Agency of Veneto Region), Via Dominutti 8, Verona, 37135, Italy
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, Mestre Venice, 30172, Italy.
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Xing X, Xi HB, Zuo J, Zhou YX, Song GQ. Determination of the Organics in Trimethylolpropane Wastewater. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1315122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xing
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-bo Xi
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiane Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-xi Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-qing Song
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, China
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