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Darestani-Farahani M, Ma F, Patel V, Selvaganapathy PR, Kruse P. An ion-selective chemiresistive platform as demonstrated for the detection of nitrogen species in water. Analyst 2023; 148:5731-5744. [PMID: 37840463 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01267k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of ion-selective electrodes (ISE) is a well-established technique for the detection of ions in aqueous solutions but requires the use of a reference electrode. Here, we introduce a platform of ion-selective chemiresistors for the detection of nitrogen species in water as an alternative method without the need for reference electrodes. Chemiresistors have a sensitive surface that is prone to damage during operation in aqueous solutions. By applying a layer of ion-selective membrane to the surface of the chemiresistive device, the surface becomes protected and highly selective. We demonstrate both anion-selective (NO3-, NO2-) and cation-selective (NH4+) membranes. The nitrate sensors are able to measure nitrate ions in a range of 2.2-220 ppm with a detection limit of 0.3 ppm. The nitrite sensors respond between 67 ppb and 67 ppm of nitrite ions (64 ppb detection limit). The ammonium sensors can measure ammonium concentrations in a wide range from 10 ppb to 100 ppm (0.5 ppb detection limit). The fast responses to nitrate and nitrite are due to a mechanism involving electrostatic gating repulsion between negative charge carriers of the film and anions while ammonium detection arises from two mechanisms based on electrostatic gating repulsion and adsorption of ammonium ions at the surface of the p-doped chemiresistive film. The adsorption phenomenon slows down the recovery time of the ammonium sensor. This sensor design is a new platform to continuously monitor ions in industrial, domestic, and environmental water resources by robust chemiresistive devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Darestani-Farahani
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Fanqing Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Vinay Patel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada.
| | | | - Peter Kruse
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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Serum/plasma potassium monitoring using potentiometric point-of-care microanalyzers with improved ion selective electrodes. Talanta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Calvo-López A, Rebollo-Calderon B, Ormazábal A, Artuch R, Rosell-Ferrer J, Alonso-Chamarro J, Puyol M. Biomedical point-of-care microanalyzer for potentiometric determination of ammonium ion in plasma and whole blood. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1205:339782. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Trojanowicz M, Pyszynska M. Flow-Injection Methods in Water Analysis-Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:1410. [PMID: 35209198 PMCID: PMC8879103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread demand for the analysis and control of water quality and supply for human activity and ecosystem sustainability has necessitated the continuous improvement of water analysis methods in terms of their reliability, efficiency, and costs. To satisfy these requirements, flow-injection analysis using different detection methods has successfully been developed in recent decades. This review, based on about 100 original research papers, presents the achievements in this field over the past ten years. Various methodologies for establishing flow-injection measurements are reviewed, together with microfluidics and portable systems. The developed applications mostly concern not only the determination of inorganic analytes but also the speciation analysis of different elements, and the determination of several total indices of water quality. Examples of the determination of organic residues (e.g., pesticides, phenolic compounds, and surfactants) in natural surface waters, seawater, groundwater, and drinking water have also been identified. Usually, changes in the format of manual procedures for flow-injection determination results in the improvement of various operational parameters, such as the limits of detection, the sampling rate, or selectivity in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 02-195 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Pyszynska
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 02-195 Warsaw, Poland;
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Calvo-López A, Ymbern O, Puyol M, Alonso-Chamarro J. Soluble reactive phosphorous determination in wastewater treatment plants by automatic microanalyzers. Talanta 2021; 221:121508. [PMID: 33076102 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of soluble reactive phosphate (SRP) in water is key to control water quality. In order to continuous monitor orthophosphate content in water during treatment processes and in the effluents of wastewater treatment plants, conventional procedures, usually performed in a laboratory, must be adapted. This means pursuing efforts on miniaturizing systems to operate in situ and automating analytical methods to work on-line. The design, construction and evaluation of an automatic and low cost cyclic olefin copolymer (COC)-based spectrophotometric microanalyzer, capable of operating in unattended conditions, is presented to monitor soluble reactive phosphorous, as orthophosphate ion, in wastewater samples coming from sewage treatment plants. The microsystem, constructed by CNC micromilling and using a multilayer approach, integrates microfluidics to carry out the phosphomolybdenum blue (PMB) reaction and an optical flow-cell for the spectrophotometric orthophosphate determination in a single polymeric substrate smaller than a credit card. It is connected to a compact optical detection system composed by a LED emitting at 660 nm and a PIN-photodiode, both integrated in a PCB. Flow management is automatically performed by programmed microvalves and micropumps, which control autocalibration processes and allow unattended operation. Analytical features after the optimization of the microfluidic platform and the chemical and the hydrodynamic variables, were a linear range from 0.09 to 32 mg L-1 P and a detection limit of 0.03 mg L-1 P with a sampling rate of 24 samples h-1, demonstrating the microanalyzer suitability for SRP monitoring in water. Moreover, real samples were analyzed obtaining promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Calvo-López
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Ymbern
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Puyol
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julián Alonso-Chamarro
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Calvo-López A, Martinez-Bassedas E, Puyol M, Alonso-Chamarro J. Monitoring of total potassium in winemaking processes using a potentiometric analytical microsystem. Food Chem 2020; 345:128779. [PMID: 33307431 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Innovation in products and processes, traceability, food security and quality control are inherent challenges in agri-food sector. Trends in wine production are focused on obtaining natural wines with less chemical intervention. Following this goal, a low cost miniaturized, easy-to-use and highly automated microanalyzer to monitor total potassium in winemaking processes is presented. The microsystem monolithically integrates microfluidics as well as a potentiometric detection system and does not require any sample pretreatment. The analytical features provided are a linear range from 250 to 4000 mg L-1 K+, covering all the concentrations expected in must and wine samples, a detection limit of 75 ± 12 mg L-1 K+, and an adequate reproducibility and repeatability. Sample throughput is calculated at 20 h-1 with a waste volume generation lower than 4 mL per analysis. The microsystem lifetime is at least 4 months. Different wine and grape juice samples have been analyzed reaching outstanding results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Calvo-López
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Martinez-Bassedas
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Puyol
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julián Alonso-Chamarro
- Group of Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici Cn, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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Li D, Xu X, Li Z, Wang T, Wang C. Detection methods of ammonia nitrogen in water: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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A Reversible Spectrophotometric Method Based on a Coupled Microfluidic Chip for Highly Selective Ammonium Detection. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/3720308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A coupled chip aiming at economical and highly selective ammonium detection was fabricated. It consisted of a reaction chip, a gas-diffusion chip, and a detection chip. Zinc tetraphenylporphyrin dyed on the cation-exchange resin microbeads was used as the indicating material to avoid excess consumption for its reversibility. PDMS was selected as the material of the gas-diffusion membrane. A portable spectrometer was applied for spectrum analysis. By analysis of spectrum change, the high selectivity was confirmed because no component had interference on detection effect. Good performance was shown for all the tested concentrations (0.2–50 mg·L−1). The stability and reversibility were also judged by the spectrum data obtained from the indicating process and the recovering process. Finally, real samples containing ammonium were tested and the results were compared to those came from a standard method to confirm the accuracy of our method.
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de Castro Costa BM, Marra MC, da Costa Oliveira T, Munoz RAA, Batista AD, do Lago CL, Richter EM. Ultrafast capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous determination of ammonium and diphenhydramine in pharmaceutical samples. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2969-2975. [PMID: 29785728 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium and diphenhydramine are active ingredients commonly found in the same pharmaceutical preparations. We report, for the first time, a sub-minute method for the simultaneous determination of ammonium and diphenhydramine. The method is based on capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. Both analytes can be quantified in a single run (∼80 injections/h) using 30 mmol/L 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid and 15 mmol/L lithium hydroxide (pH 6.0) as background electrolyte. The separation by capillary electrophoresis was achieved on a fused-silica capillary (50 cm total length, 10 cm effective length, and 50 μm inside diameter). The limits of detection were 0.04 and 0.02 mmol/L for ammonium and diphenhydramine, respectively. The proposed method also provided adequate recovery values for spiked samples (100-106 and 97-104% for ammonium and diphenhydramine, respectively). The results obtained with the new capillary electrophoresis method were compared with those of the high-performance liquid chromatography method for diphenhydramine and the Kjeldahl method for ammonium and no statistically significant differences were found (95% confidence level).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Cardoso Marra
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Thiago da Costa Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Alex Domingues Batista
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Claudimir Lucio do Lago
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mathias Richter
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Calvo-López A, Puyol M, Casalta JM, Alonso-Chamarro J. Multi-parametric polymer-based potentiometric analytical microsystem for future manned space missions. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 995:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A biosensor for the determination of ammonium ion using flow injection amperometric system. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Calvo-López A, Ymbern O, Izquierdo D, Alonso-Chamarro J. Low cost and compact analytical microsystem for carbon dioxide determination in production processes of wine and beer. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 931:64-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
A dynamic development of methodologies of analytical flow injection measurements during four decades since their invention has reinforced the solid position of flow analysis in the arsenal of techniques and instrumentation of contemporary chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Kamila Kołacińska
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
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