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Fabi A, Cortesi L, Duranti S, Cordisco EL, Di Leone A, Terribile D, Paris I, de Belvis AG, Orlandi A, Marazzi F, Muratore M, Garganese G, Fuso P, Paoletti F, Dell'Aquila R, Minucci A, Scambia G, Franceschini G, Masetti R, Genuardi M. Multigenic panels in breast cancer: Clinical utility and management of patients with pathogenic variants other than BRCA1/2. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 201:104431. [PMID: 38977141 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Multigene panels can analyze high and moderate/intermediate penetrance genes that predispose to breast cancer (BC), providing an opportunity to identify at-risk individuals within affected families. However, considering the complexity of different pathogenic variants and correlated clinical manifestations, a multidisciplinary team is needed to effectively manage BC. A classification of pathogenic variants included in multigene panels was presented in this narrative review to evaluate their clinical utility in BC. Clinical management was discussed for each category and focused on BC, including available evidence regarding the multidisciplinary and integrated management of patients with BC. The integration of both genetic testing and counseling is required for customized decisions in therapeutic strategies and preventative initiatives, as well as for a defined multidisciplinary approach, considering the continuous evolution of guidelines and research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Fabi
- Precision Medicine Unit in Senology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cortesi
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Modena Hospital University, Modena Italy (Cortesi)
| | - Simona Duranti
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Lucci Cordisco
- Section of Genomic Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alba Di Leone
- Breast Unit, Department of Woman and Child's Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Terribile
- Breast Unit, Department of Woman and Child's Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Paris
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Giulio de Belvis
- Value Lab, Faculty of Economics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Critical Pathways and Outcomes Evaluation Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Armando Orlandi
- Unit of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Marazzi
- UOC Oncological Radiotherapy, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Radiation Oncology and Haematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Margherita Muratore
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori "Dino Amadori"
| | - Giorgia Garganese
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Fuso
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Paoletti
- Critical Pathways and Outcomes Evaluation Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Dell'Aquila
- Critical Pathways and Outcomes Evaluation Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Genomics Core Facility, Gemelli Science and Technology Park (GSTeP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Franceschini
- Breast Unit, Department of Woman and Child's Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Masetti
- Breast Unit, Department of Woman and Child's Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Genuardi
- Section of Genomic Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Calabrese A, von Arx C, Tafuti AA, Pensabene M, De Laurentiis M. Prevention, diagnosis and clinical management of hereditary breast cancer beyond BRCA1/2 genes. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 129:102785. [PMID: 38870570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The detection of germline pathogenic variants (gPVs) in BRCA1/2 and other breast cancer (BC) genes is rising exponentially thanks to the advent of multi-gene panel testing. This promising technology, coupled with the availability of specific therapies for BC BRCA-related, has increased the number of patients eligible for genetic testing. Implementing multi-gene panel testing for hereditary BC screening holds promise to maximise benefits for patients at hereditary risk of BC. These benefits range from prevention programs to antineoplastic-targeted therapies. However, the clinical management of these patients is complex and requires guidelines based on recent evidence. Furthermore, applying multi-gene panel testing into clinical practice increases the detection of variants of uncertain significance (VUSs). This augments the complexity of patients' clinical management, becoming an unmet need for medical oncologists. This review aims to collect updated evidence on the most common BC-related genes besides BRCA1/2, from their biological role in BC development to their potential impact in tailoring prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calabrese
- Department Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS, 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - C von Arx
- Department Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS, 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy.
| | - A A Tafuti
- Department Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS, 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - M Pensabene
- Department Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS, 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - M De Laurentiis
- Department Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS, 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy
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3
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Di Maggio F, Boccia G, Nunziato M, Filotico M, Montesarchio V, D'Armiento M, Corcione F, Salvatore F. A Novel DNA Variant in SMARCA4 Gene Found in a Patient Affected by Early Onset Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2716. [PMID: 38473962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of death from neoplasia worldwide. Thanks to new screening programs, we are now seeing an increase in Early Onset of ColoRectal Cancer (EOCRC) in patients below the age of 50. Herein, we report a clinical case of a woman affected by EOCRC. This case illustrates the importance of genetic predisposition testing also in tumor patients. Indeed, for our patient, we used a combined approach of multiple molecular and cellular biology technologies that revealed the presence of an interesting novel variant in the SMARCA4 gene. The latter gene is implicated in damage repair processes and related, if mutated, to the onset of various tumor types. In addition, we stabilized Patient-Derived Organoids from the tumor tissue of the same patient and the result confirmed the presence of this novel pathogenic variant that has never been found before even in early onset cancer. In conclusion, with this clinical case, we want to underscore the importance of including patients even those below the age of 50 years in appropriate screening programs which should also include genetic tests for predisposition to early onset cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Maggio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boccia
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Nunziato
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Filotico
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maria D'Armiento
- Pathology Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Corcione
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
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Toledo-Stuardo K, Ribeiro CH, Campos I, Tello S, Latorre Y, Altamirano C, Dubois-Camacho K, Molina MC. Impact of MICA 3'UTR allelic variability on miRNA binding prediction, a bioinformatic approach. Front Genet 2023; 14:1273296. [PMID: 38146340 PMCID: PMC10749337 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1273296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that participate as powerful genetic regulators. MiRNAs can interfere with cellular processes by interacting with a broad spectrum of target genes under physiological and pathological states, including cancer development and progression. Major histocompatibility complex major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) belongs to a family of proteins that bind the natural-killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor on Natural Killer cells and other cytotoxic lymphocytes. MICA plays a crucial role in the host's innate immune response to several disease settings, including cancer. MICA harbors various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in its 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR), a characteristic that increases the complexity of MICA regulation, favoring its post-transcriptional modulation by miRNAs under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of MICA 3'UTR sequences according to each MICA allele described to date using NCBI database. We also systematically evaluated interactions between miRNAs and their putative targets on MICA 3'UTR containing SNPs using in silico analysis. Our in silico results showed that MICA SNPs rs9266829, rs 1880, and rs9266825, located in the target sequence of miRNAs hsa-miR-106a-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-1207.5p, and hsa-miR-711 could modify the binding free energy between -8.62 and -18.14 kcal/mol, which may affect the regulation of MICA expression. We believe that our results may provide a starting point for further exploration of miRNA regulatory effects depending on MICA allelic variability; they may also be a guide to conduct miRNA in silico analysis for other highly polymorphic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Toledo-Stuardo
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina H. Ribeiro
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ivo Campos
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Samantha Tello
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yesenia Latorre
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Karen Dubois-Camacho
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maria Carmen Molina
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Nunziato M, Balato A, Ruocco A, D’Argenio V, Di Caprio R, Balato N, Ayala F, Salvatore F. A Familial Novel Putative-Pathogenic Mutation Identified in Plaque-Psoriasis by a Multigene Panel Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054743. [PMID: 36902182 PMCID: PMC10003515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic multifactorial skin disorder with an immune basis. It is characterized by patches of skin that are usually red, flaky and crusty, and that often release silvery scales. The patches appear predominantly on the elbows, knees, scalp and lower back, although they may also appear on other body areas and severity may be variable. The majority of patients (about 90%) present small patches known as "plaque psoriasis". The roles of environmental triggers such as stress, mechanical trauma and streptococcal infections are well described in psoriasis onset, but much effort is still needed to unravel the genetic component. The principal aim of this study was to use a next-generation sequencing technologies-based approach together with a 96 customized multigene panel in the attempt to determine if there are germline alterations that can explain the onset of the disease, and thus to find associations between genotypes and phenotypes. To this aim, we analyzed a family in which the mother showed mild psoriasis, and her 31-year-old daughter had suffered from psoriasis for several years, whereas an unaffected sister served as a negative control. We found variants already associated directly to psoriasis in the TRAF3IP2 gene, and interestingly we found a missense variant in the NAT9 gene. The use of multigene panels in such a complex pathology such as psoriasis can be of great help in identifying new susceptibility genes, and in being able to make early diagnoses especially in families with affected subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Nunziato
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Balato
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Ruocco
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Caprio
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Cotugno Hospital, AORN Dei Colli, Via Gaetano Quagliariello, 54, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Balato
- Italian “School of Psoriasis” Association, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Fabio Ayala
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-3737-826 or +39-081-3737-758
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Nunziato M, Scaglione GL, Di Maggio F, Nardelli C, Capoluongo E, Salvatore F. The performance of multi-gene panels for breast/ovarian cancer predisposition. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 539:151-161. [PMID: 36521553 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the most mutated genes in breast cancer. We analyzed 48 breast cancer subjects using two methods that differ in terms of number of genes investigated and strategy used (primers: Panel A - 12 genes - vs probes: Panel B - 48 genes). Both the panels and procedures identified "pathogenic" or "likely pathogenic" variants in TP53, ATM, CHEK2 and BARD1 besides BRCA1 and BRCA2. Panel B identified two other putatively pathogenic variants in RNASEL and in RAD50. Identification of variants other than the BRCA genes can be useful in patient management. A total of 121 variants were distributed within the 12 genes and were correctly detected by both panels. However, the number of calls without divergence, namely ± 0.10 difference of allelic frequency, was 78.3%, while calls with a divergence below 0.10 was 16.7%, thus indicating that only 5% (n = 275) of 5,412 calls had a divergence above 0.10. Although these panels differ from each other, both are useful in different situations, particularly when patients should be tested for genes other than BRCA1/2 (as occurs in patients affected by a so called hereditary syndrome) or for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Nunziato
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Scaglione
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta, 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Di Maggio
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Nardelli
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Capoluongo
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; Department of Clinical Pathology and Genomics, Ospedale Cannizzaro, Via Messina, 829, 95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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7
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Ultrahigh sensitive and selective detection of single nucleotide polymorphism using peptide nucleic acid and ribonuclease H assembled DNA amplification (PRADA). Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1233:340423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nunziato M, Di Maggio F, Pensabene M, Esposito MV, Starnone F, De Angelis C, Calabrese A, D’Aiuto M, Botti G, De Placido S, D’Argenio V, Salvatore F. Multi-gene panel testing increases germline predisposing mutations’ detection in a cohort of breast/ovarian cancer patients from Southern Italy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:894358. [PMID: 36035419 PMCID: PMC9403188 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.894358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common neoplasia in females worldwide, about 10% being hereditary/familial and due to DNA variants in cancer-predisposing genes, such as the highly penetrant BRCA1/BRCA2 genes. However, their variants explain up to 25% of the suspected hereditary/familial cases. The availability of NGS methodologies has prompted research in this field. With the aim to improve the diagnostic sensitivity of molecular testing, a custom designed panel of 44 genes, including also non-coding regions and 5’ and 3’ UTR regions, was set up. Here, are reported the results obtained in a cohort of 64 patients, including also few males, from Southern Italy. All patients had a positive personal and/or familial history for breast and other cancers, but tested negative to routine BRCA analysis. After obtaining their written informed consent, a genomic DNA sample/patient was used to obtain an enriched DNA library, then analyzed by NGS. Sequencing data analysis allowed the identification of pathogenic variants in 12 of tested patients (19%). Interestingly, MUTYH was the most frequently altered gene, followed by RNASEL, ATM, MSH6, MRE11A, and PALB2 genes. The reported resultsreinforce the need for enlarged molecular testing beyond BRCA genes, at least in patients with a personal and familial history, strongly suggestive for a hereditary/familial form. This gives also a hint to pursue more specific precision oncology therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Nunziato
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Di Maggio
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matilde Pensabene
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Valeria Esposito
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Flavio Starnone
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Regional Reference Center for Rare Tumors, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU) Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Calabrese
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Breast Disease, National Cancer Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) “Fondazione G. Pascale,”Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano D’Aiuto
- Clinica Villa Fiorita, Aversa, Italy
- Division of Breast Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) “Fondazione G. Pascale,”Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Directorate, National Cancer Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) “Fondazione G. Pascale,”Naples, Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Regional Reference Center for Rare Tumors, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU) Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valeria D’Argenio,
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Francesco Salvatore,
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9
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Lombardo B, Pagani M, De Rosa A, Nunziato M, Migliarini S, Garofalo M, Terrile M, D’Argenio V, Galbusera A, Nuzzo T, Ranieri A, Vitale A, Leggiero E, Di Maio A, Barsotti N, Borello U, Napolitano F, Mandarino A, Carotenuto M, Heresco-Levy U, Pasqualetti M, Malatesta P, Gozzi A, Errico F, Salvatore F, Pastore L, Usiello A. D-aspartate oxidase gene duplication induces social recognition memory deficit in mice and intellectual disabilities in humans. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:305. [PMID: 35915065 PMCID: PMC9343392 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The D-aspartate oxidase (DDO) gene encodes the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of D-aspartate, an atypical amino acid enriched in the mammalian brain and acting as an endogenous NMDA receptor agonist. Considering the key role of NMDA receptors in neurodevelopmental disorders, recent findings suggest a link between D-aspartate dysmetabolism and schizophrenia. To clarify the role of D-aspartate on brain development and functioning, we used a mouse model with constitutive Ddo overexpression and D-aspartate depletion. In these mice, we found reduced number of BrdU-positive dorsal pallium neurons during corticogenesis, and decreased cortical and striatal gray matter volume at adulthood. Brain abnormalities were associated with social recognition memory deficit at juvenile phase, suggesting that early D-aspartate occurrence influences neurodevelopmental related phenotypes. We corroborated this hypothesis by reporting the first clinical case of a young patient with severe intellectual disability, thought disorders and autism spectrum disorder symptomatology, harboring a duplication of a chromosome 6 region, including the entire DDO gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lombardo
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Pagani
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Arianna De Rosa
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Nunziato
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Migliarini
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Martina Garofalo
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marta Terrile
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Università di Genova, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,grid.496862.70000 0004 0544 6263Present Address: Novartis Ireland ltd, D04A9N6 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,Dipartimento di Promozione delle Scienze Umane e della Qualità della Vita, Università San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Galbusera
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Tommaso Nuzzo
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Ranieri
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Vitale
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Leggiero
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Maio
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Noemi Barsotti
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Borello
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Napolitano
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mandarino
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Carotenuto
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Uriel Heresco-Levy
- grid.414060.70000 0004 0470 6676Research and Psychiatry Departments, Ezrath Nashim-Herzog Memorial Hospital, 9190501 Jerusalem, Israel ,grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, 9190501 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Massimo Pasqualetti
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy ,grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Malatesta
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,grid.410345.70000 0004 1756 7871Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gozzi
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Francesco Errico
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145, Naples, Italy. .,Centro Interuniversitario per Malattie Multigeniche e Multifattoriali e loro modelli animali (Federico II, 80131, Naples; Tor Vergata, Rome and "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara), Naples, Italy.
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145, Naples, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145, Naples, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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10
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A multiplexed electrochemical quantitative polymerase chain reaction platform for single-base mutation analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 214:114496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Secondino A, Starnone F, Veneruso I, Di Tella MA, Conato S, De Angelis C, De Placido S, D’Argenio V. Evaluation of a Four-Gene Panel for Hereditary Cancer Risk Assessment. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040682. [PMID: 35456488 PMCID: PMC9024623 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1/2 are tumor suppressor genes involved in DNA double-strand break repair. They are the most penetrant genes for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers, but pathogenic variants in these two genes can be identified only in a fraction of hereditary cases. Following the diffusion of BRCA molecular testing and the availability of specific therapeutic strategies for the management of pathogenic variant carriers, the demand for the analysis of additional predisposing genetic factors has increased. Indeed, there is accumulating evidence regarding the role of other genes, including CHEK2 and PALB2. Both of them are involved in the same molecular pathway as BRCA genes, with CHEK2 being responsible for cell cycle stopping to allow the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and PALB2 being able to interact with BRCA1 and activate BRCA2. Thus, their role as additional hereditary cancer predisposing factors is intriguing. Accordingly, guidelines for hereditary cancer risk assessment have been updated to include the criteria for additional genes testing. In this context, we validated a commercially available kit allowing for the simultaneous analysis of BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2 and PALB2. Forty-eight patients, already tested for BRCA mutational status, were re-analyzed in the present study. Results comparison showed that the tested method was able to correctly identify all the variants previously detected in the same patients. In particular, all single-nucleotide variants and small indels were correctly identified. Moreover, two copy number variants, included to assess the software’s performance in detecting this kind of gene alteration, were also detected. Even if copy number variant estimation still requires confirmation by a molecular technique to avoid false positive results, it is able to reduce the number of patients requiring multiplex ligation probe amplification analysis, positively impacting the test’s turnaround time. Finally, since the time and costs of the analysis are similar to those required just for BRCA genes, this strategy may be affordable for providing a more comprehensive test for hereditary cancer risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Secondino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (I.V.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.S.); (M.A.D.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Flavio Starnone
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.S.); (M.A.D.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Iolanda Veneruso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (I.V.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.S.); (M.A.D.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Di Tella
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.S.); (M.A.D.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Serena Conato
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.S.); (M.A.D.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.D.A.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.D.A.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.S.); (M.A.D.T.); (S.C.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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Saha SK, Islam SMR, Saha T, Nishat A, Biswas PK, Gil M, Nkenyereye L, El-Sappagh S, Islam MS, Cho SG. Prognostic role of EGR1 in breast cancer: a systematic review. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 34488929 PMCID: PMC8560464 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
EGR1 (early growth response 1) is dysregulated in many cancers and exhibits both tumor suppressor and promoter activities, making it an appealing target for cancer therapy. Here, we used a systematic multiomics analysis to review the expression of EGR1 and its role in regulating clinical outcomes in breast cancer (BC). EGR1 expression, its promoter methylation, and protein expression pattern were assessed using various publicly available tools. COSMIC-based somatic mutations and cBioPortal-based copy number alterations were analyzed, and the prognostic roles of EGR1 in BC were determined using Prognoscan and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. We also used bc-GenEx-Miner to investigate the EGR1 co-expression profile. EGR1 was more often downregulated in BC tissues than in normal breast tissue, and its knockdown was positively correlated with poor survival. Low EGR1 expression levels were also associated with increased risk of ER+, PR+, and HER2-BCs. High positive correlations were observed among EGR1, DUSP1, FOS, FOSB, CYR61, and JUN mRNA expression in BC tissue. This systematic review suggested that EGR1 expression may serve as a prognostic marker for BC patients and that clinicopathological parameters influence its prognostic utility. In addition to EGR1, DUSP1, FOS, FOSB, CYR61, and JUN can jointly be considered prognostic indicators for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbroto Kumar Saha
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - S. M. Riazul Islam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Tripti Saha
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Afsana Nishat
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Polash Kumar Biswas
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Minchan Gil
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Lewis Nkenyereye
- Department of Computer and Information Security, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Shaker El-Sappagh
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Intelixentes (CiTIUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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13
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De Palma FDE, Nunziato M, D’Argenio V, Savarese M, Esposito G, Salvatore F. Comprehensive Molecular Analysis of DMD Gene Increases the Diagnostic Value of Dystrophinopathies: A Pilot Study in a Southern Italy Cohort of Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101910. [PMID: 34679607 PMCID: PMC8534830 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) is an X-linked neuromuscular disease due to pathogenic sequence variations in the dystrophin (DMD) gene, one of the largest human genes. More than 70% of DMD gene defects result from genomic rearrangements principally leading to large deletions, while the remaining are small nucleotide variants, including nonsense and missense variants, small insertions/deletions or splicing alterations. Considering the large size of the gene and the wide mutational spectrum, the comprehensive molecular diagnosis of DMD/BMD is complex and may require several laboratory methods, thus increasing the time and costs of the analysis. In an attempt to simplify DMD/BMD molecular diagnosis workflow, we tested an NGS method suitable for the detection of all the different types of genomic variations that may affect the DMD gene. Forty previously analyzed patients were enrolled in this study and re-analyzed using the next generation sequencing (NGS)-based single-step procedure. The NGS results were compared with those from multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA)/multiplex PCR and/or Sanger sequencing. Most of the previously identified deleted/duplicated exons and point mutations were confirmed by NGS and 1 more pathogenic point mutation (a nonsense variant) was identified. Our results show that this NGS-based strategy overcomes limitations of traditionally used methods and is easily transferable to routine diagnostic procedures, thereby increasing the diagnostic power of DMD molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Domenica Elisa De Palma
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy; (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.N.); (V.D.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Nunziato
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy; (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.N.); (V.D.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy; (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.N.); (V.D.); (M.S.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Savarese
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy; (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.N.); (V.D.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy; (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.N.); (V.D.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.E.); (F.S.); Tel.: +81-746-3146 (G.E.); +81-373-7826 (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy; (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.N.); (V.D.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.E.); (F.S.); Tel.: +81-746-3146 (G.E.); +81-373-7826 (F.S.)
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14
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Unraveling the Balance between Genes, Microbes, Lifestyle and the Environment to Improve Healthy Reproduction. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040605. [PMID: 33924000 PMCID: PMC8073673 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans’ health is the result of a complex and balanced interplay between genetic factors, environmental stimuli, lifestyle habits, and the microbiota composition. The knowledge about their single contributions, as well as the complex network linking each to the others, is pivotal to understand the mechanisms underlying the onset of many diseases and can provide key information for their prevention, diagnosis and therapy. This applies also to reproduction. Reproduction, involving almost 10% of our genetic code, is one of the most critical human’s functions and is a key element to assess the well-being of a population. The last decades revealed a progressive decline of reproductive outcomes worldwide. As a consequence, there is a growing interest in unveiling the role of the different factors involved in human reproduction and great efforts have been carried out to improve its outcomes. As for many other diseases, it is now clear that the interplay between the underlying genetics, our commensal microbiome, the lifestyle habits and the environment we live in can either exacerbate the outcome or mitigate the adverse effects. Here, we aim to analyze how each of these factors contribute to reproduction highlighting their individual contribution and providing supporting evidence of how to modify their impact and overall contribution to a healthy reproductive status.
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15
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One4Two ®: An Integrated Molecular Approach to Optimize Infertile Couples' Journey. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12010060. [PMID: 33401665 PMCID: PMC7824287 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current diagnostic path of infertile couples is long lasting and often ineffective. Genetic tests, in particular, appear as a limiting step due to their jeopardized use on one side, and to the limited number of genes evaluated on the other. In this context, the development and diffusion, also in routine diagnostic settings, of next generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods for the analyses of several genes in multiple subjects at a time is improving the diagnostic sensitivity of molecular analyses. Thus, we developed One4Two®, a custom NGS panel to optimize the diagnostic journey of infertile couples. The panel validation was carried out in three steps analyzing a total of 83 subjects. Interestingly, all the previously identified variants were confirmed, assessing the analytic sensitivity of the method. Moreover, additional pathogenic variants have been identified underlying the diagnostic efficacy of the proposed method. One4Two® allows the simultaneous analysis of infertility-related genes, disease-genes of common inherited diseases, and of polymorphisms related to therapy outcome. Thus, One4Two® is able to improve the diagnostic journey of infertile couples by simplifying the whole process not only for patients, but also for laboratories and reproduction specialists moving toward an even more personalized medicine.
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16
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Suszynska M, Kozlowski P. Summary of BARD1 Mutations and Precise Estimation of Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risks Associated with the Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070798. [PMID: 32679805 PMCID: PMC7397132 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, numerous BARD1 mutations/pathogenic variants (PVs) have been found in patients with breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC). However, their role in BC and OC susceptibility remains controversial, and strong evidence-based guidelines for carriers are not yet available. Herein, we present a comprehensive catalog of BARD1 PVs identified in large cumulative cohorts of ~48,700 BC and ~20,800 OC cases (retrieved from 123 studies examining the whole coding sequence of BARD1). Using these resources, we compared the frequency of BARD1 PVs in the cases and ~134,100 controls from the gnomAD database and estimated the effect of the BARD1 PVs on BC and OC risks. The analysis revealed that BARD1 is a BC moderate-risk gene (odds ratio (OR) = 2.90, 95% CIs:2.25–3.75, p < 0.0001) but not an OC risk gene (OR = 1.36, 95% CIs:0.87–2.11, p = 0.1733). In addition, the BARD1 mutational spectrum outlined in this study allowed us to determine recurrent PVs and evaluate the variant-specific risk for the most frequent PVs. In conclusion, these precise estimates improve the understanding of the role of BARD1 PVs in BC and OC predisposition and support the need for BARD1 diagnostic testing in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Kozlowski
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618-528-503 (ext. 261); Fax: +48-618-520-532
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17
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D’Argenio V, Sarnataro D. New Insights into the Molecular Bases of Familial Alzheimer's Disease. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10020026. [PMID: 32325882 PMCID: PMC7354425 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Like several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Prion and Parkinson diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by spreading mechanism of aggregated proteins in the brain in a typical "prion-like" manner. Recent genetic studies have identified in four genes associated with inherited AD (amyloid precursor protein-APP, Presenilin-1, Presenilin-2 and Apolipoprotein E), rare mutations which cause dysregulation of APP processing and alterations of folding of the derived amyloid beta peptide (A). Accumulation and aggregation of A in the brain can trigger a series of intracellular events, including hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, leading to the pathological features of AD. However, mutations in these four genes account for a small of the total genetic risk for familial AD (FAD). Genome-wide association studies have recently led to the identification of additional AD candidate genes. Here, we review an update of well-established, highly penetrant FAD-causing genes with correlation to the protein misfolding pathway, and novel emerging candidate FAD genes, as well as inherited risk factors. Knowledge of these genes and of their correlated biochemical cascade will provide several potential targets for treatment of AD and aging-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria D’Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, via di val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.D.); (D.S.); Tel.: +39-081-3737909 (V.D.); +39-081-7464575 (D.S.)
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.D.); (D.S.); Tel.: +39-081-3737909 (V.D.); +39-081-7464575 (D.S.)
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18
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Molecular inversion probe-rolling circle amplification with single-strand poly-T luminescent copper nanoclusters for fluorescent detection of single-nucleotide variant of SMN gene in diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1123:56-63. [PMID: 32507240 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a simple fluorescent detection of survival motor neuron gene (SMN) in diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) based on nucleic acid amplification test and the poly-T luminescent copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) was established. SMA is a severely genetic diseases to cause infant death in clinical, and detection of SMN gene is a powerful tool for pre- and postnatal diagnosis of this disease. This study utilized the molecular inversion probe for recognition of nucleotide variant between SMN1 (c.840 C) and SMN2 (c.840 C > T) genes, and rolling circle amplification with a universal primer for production of poly-T single-strand DNA. Finally, the fluorescent CuNCs were formed on the poly-T single-strand DNA template with addition of CuSO4 and sodium ascorbate. The fluorescence of CuNCs was only detected in the samples with the presence of SMN1 gene controlling the disease of SMA. After optimization of experimental conditions, this highly efficient method was performed under 50 °C for DNA ligation temperature by using 2U Ampligase, 3 h for rolling circle amplification, and the formation of the CuNCs by mixing 500 μM Cu2+ and 4 mM sodium ascorbate. Additionally, this highly efficient method was successfully applied for 65 clinical DNA samples, including 4 SMA patients, 4 carriers and 57 wild individuals. This label-free detection strategy has the own potential to not only be a general method for detection of SMN1 gene in diagnosis of SMA disease, but also served as a tool for detection of other single nucleotide polymorphisms or nucleotide variants in genetic analysis through designing the different sensing probes.
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Genetic profiling: Differentiation and identification of hazelnut cultivars (Corylus avellana L.) using RAPD-PCR. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Identification of germline pathogenic variants in DNA damage repair genes by a next-generation sequencing multigene panel in BRCAX patients. Clin Biochem 2019; 76:17-23. [PMID: 31786208 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 5-10% of breast carcinomas have been related to hereditary conditions and are attributable to pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which is referred to as hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome. The inclusion of additional genes that can be related to HBOC syndrome is under intense evaluation due to the high proportion of patients with HBOC criteria who do not present pathogenic mutations in BRCA genes, named BRCAX, despite having high clinical suspicion of hereditary cancer. The main aim is to identify new potentially pathogenic gene variants that may contribute to HBOC to improve the efficiency of routine diagnostic tests in this hereditary condition. METHODS A retrospective cohort of 77 HBOC BRCAX patients was analyzed by next-generation sequencing using a targeted multigene panel composed of 25 genes related to hereditary cancer and deficiencies in DNA repair pathways. RESULTS We found 9 variants in 7 different genes, which were confirmed by automated sequencing. Six variants were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Three of them were located in the PALB2 gene, one in the BRIP1 gene, one in the BARD1 gene and 1 in the RAD50 gene. In addition, three variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were detected in the TP53, CHEK2, and CDH1 genes. CONCLUSIONS We identified that 8% of BRCAX patients were carriers of pathogenic variants in genes other than BRCA1 and BRCA2. Therefore, wide gene panels, including clinically actionable genes, should be routinely used in the screening of HBOC in our population. We observed differences from other studies in the prevalence of mutated genes, most likely due to differences in the selection criteria of the probands and in the population analyzed. The high incidence of deleterious variant detection in PALB2 supports its significant role in breast cancer susceptibility and reinforces its inclusion in the HBOC genetic diagnostic process.
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Esposito MV, Minopoli G, Esposito L, D'Argenio V, Di Maggio F, Sasso E, D'Aiuto M, Zambrano N, Salvatore F. A Functional Analysis of the Unclassified Pro2767Ser BRCA2 Variant Reveals Its Potential Pathogenicity that Acts by Hampering DNA Binding and Homology-Mediated DNA Repair. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1454. [PMID: 31569370 PMCID: PMC6826418 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the genes most frequently associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). They are crucial for the maintenance of genome stability, particularly in the homologous recombination-mediated repair pathway of DNA double-strand breaks (HR-DSBR). Widespread BRCA1/2 next-generation sequencing (NGS) screening has revealed numerous variants of uncertain significance. Assessing the clinical significance of these variants is challenging, particularly regarding the clinical management of patients. Here, we report the functional characterization of the unclassified BRCA2 c.8299C > T variant, identified in a young breast cancer patient during BRCA1/2 NGS screening. This variant causes the change of Proline 2767 to Serine in the DNA binding domain (DBD) of the BRCA2 protein, necessary for the loading of RAD51 on ssDNA during the HR-DSBR. Our in silico analysis and 3D-structure modeling predicted that the p.Pro2767Ser substitution is likely to alter the BRCA2 DBD structure and function. Therefore, to evaluate the functional impact of the p.Pro2767Ser variant, we used a minigene encoding a truncated protein that contains the BRCA2 DBD and the nearby nuclear localization sequence. We found that the ectopically expressed truncated protein carrying the normal DBD, which retains the DNA binding function and lacks the central RAD51 binding domain, interferes with endogenous wild-type BRCA2 mediator functions in the HR-DSBR. We also demonstrated that the BRCA2 Pro2767Ser DBD is unable to compete with endogenous BRCA2 DNA binding, thereby suggesting that the p.Pro2767Ser substitution in the full-length protein causes the functional loss of BRCA2. Consequently, our data suggest that the p.Pro2767Ser variant should be considered pathogenic, thus supporting a revision of the ClinVar interpretation. Moreover, our experimental strategy could be a valid method with which to preliminarily evaluate the pathogenicity of the unclassified BRCA2 germline variants in the DBD and their risk of predisposing to HBOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Valeria Esposito
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 8014 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Minopoli
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 8014 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luciana Esposito
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, I-80134 Naples, Italy.
| | - Valeria D'Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 8014 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Federica Di Maggio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 8014 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Sasso
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 8014 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano D'Aiuto
- Department of Senology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Nicola Zambrano
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 8014 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 8014 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is heterogeneous with distinct clinical outcomes. Diverse types of markers are available on the market for breast cancer prognosis, diagnosis, and therapeutics, with distinct assay approaches. These, though they enlarge our selection pool for characterizing breast cancer patients and help improve the precision on the therapeutics, they can complicate our understanding and choice of marker panels. Areas covered: This review aims at classifying the commonly used marker panels according to their functionalities and detection approaches, comparing their advantages and disadvantages, and identifying their shared features to gain a comprehensive understanding of the diversified molecular profiles that drive breast cancer heterogeneity. Expert opinion: Our effort will contribute as a guidebook for clinicians on the use of breast cancer signature panels for disease management, and for researchers on the establishment of novel marker panels with improved precision and reduced complexity. We propose that collectively analyzing all available marker panels is equally important as investigating on entirely novel marker panels. Advances in technologies capturing signals from multiple levels are of practical importance in breaking through limitations on translating markers into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Xuanhao Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
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