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Ikari FL, Viriato C, França FM, Marcantonio AS, Bach EE, Badaró-Pedroso C, Ferreira CM. Behavioral and biochemical consequences after chronic exposition to the herbicide atrazine in tadpoles. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2024; 59:215-222. [PMID: 38459769 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2326401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is the third most sold herbicide in Brazil, occupying the seventh position between most widely used pesticides. Due to its easy outflow, low reactivity and solubility, moderate adsorption to organic matter and clay, and long soil persistence, residual herbicide can be identified after long periods following application, and its usage has been prohibited in diverse countries. Amphibians are important bioindicators to assess impact of pesticide like atrazine, due to having a partial aquatic life cycle. This study had as objective to assess the response of bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) tadpoles when exposed to this herbicide. Animals were exposed for a total of 168h to following concentrations: negative control, 40 μg/L, 200 μg/L, 2000 μg/L, 20000 μg/L of ATZ. Analysis of swimming activity was performed, and biochemical profile was assessed by analysis of blood and plasma glucose levels, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), calcium, total proteins, phenol, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity. Results exhibited malnutrition, anemia, likely muscle mass loss, and hepatic damage, indicating that ATZ can lead to an increase in energy to maintain homeostasis for animal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Viriato
- Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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Valenzuela EF, Minho LAC, Menezes HC, Cardeal ZL. Determination of pesticide residue in marginal lagoons of natural parks in Brazil using an improved calibrate passive sampler. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168003. [PMID: 37914113 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Passive sampling is a sensitive and efficient method for analyzing pesticides in water. This article describes a hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) device that was improved using polypropylene membranes grafted with nanocellulose for the passive sampling of pesticides in water. A comprehensive gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC/Q-TOFMS) system was used to separate, identify, and quantify pesticides. The sampling rates of 38 moderately hydrophobic to hydrophobic agricultural pesticides (2.18 < log Kow < 6.89) from different chemical classes, including the main triazine, organochlorine and organophosphate compounds, were calculated. A calibration process was applied to evaluate the role of flow velocity and select potential candidates for a possible performance reference compound (PRC). Sampling rates varied between 0.17 mL d-1 and 23.15 mL d-1. The accumulation curves identified linear periods ranging from 3 to 18 days. The new passive sampler device was applied for 8 days in rivers and marginal lagoons of natural parks of the São Francisco basin in Minas Gerais, Brazil and identified 10 target pesticides. Furthermore, 10 non-targeted pesticides were detected by the GCxGC/Q-TOFMS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard F Valenzuela
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas A C Minho
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Helvécio C Menezes
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Zenilda L Cardeal
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Development of polypropylene membranes grafted with nanocellulose to analyze organic pollutants in environmental waters using miniaturized passive samplers based on liquid-phase microextraction. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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4
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Gao X, Qin L, Li S, Jiang L, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Ma M, Chen C. Passive sampling of diverse pesticides in water by hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membrane: Kinetics, equilibrium partitioning and field application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161391. [PMID: 36621486 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are useful products for agriculture and human life, but they are often released into surface waters and are hazardous to aquatic ecosystems. Pesticides monitoring in surface waters is challenging due to the great variety, ultratrace levels and nonpoint source pollution of pesticides; however, continuous passive sampling may be conducive to solving these problems. This work evaluated the performance of a newly developed passive sampler (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membrane, HECAM) for six types of currently used/present pesticides. The uptake kinetics and equilibrium partitioning of nineteen pesticides in different dissolved concentrations were studied by dynamic accumulation and equilibrium partitioning experiments, respectively. In the dynamic accumulation experiments, pesticides gradually accumulated in the HECAM and followed a first-order kinetic model. The same type of pesticides had roughly comparable accumulation concentrations. The estimated uptake rate constants ranged from 1.04 to 13.5 L g-1 d-1, and sampling rates ranged from 0.02 to 0.31 L d-1 for the pesticides in the HECAM (size of 2 cm × 3 cm). Pesticide accumulation concentrations in the HECAM increased linearly with increasing dissolved concentrations, which means that varying concentrations can also be monitored by the HECAM. In the equilibrium partitioning experiments, the pesticide partitioning behavior at varying dissolved concentrations can be described by the Freundlich model. The calculated equilibrium partition coefficients (log KD) for pesticides ranged from 3.32 to 4.54, and different pesticide types showed different changes with log Kow. Comparable results were found when estimating chemical equilibrium partition coefficients by the dynamic accumulation and equilibrium partitioning methods. Field deployment of the HECAM in river waters resulted in the detection of four pesticides, and the measured results were comparable to those of active sampling coupled with liquid-liquid extraction. These results suggest that the HECAM would be a promising strategy for simultaneously monitoring diverse pesticides in waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Lei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shuangying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Liushan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Qingxiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Yiping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chunmao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
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Felipe LPG, Peralta-Zamora PG, Silva BJGD. Photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol-A (BPA) over titanium dioxide, and determination of its by-products by HF-LPME/GC-MS. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:107-115. [PMID: 36772930 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2173923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, analytical strategies were developed based on the technique of hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction and chromatographic methods (LC-UV and GC/MS). These methods allowed the identification of the main Bisphenol-A by-products applying heterogeneous photocatalysis in water samples. BPA degradation in this study was in the order of 90%, and the conditions used in the HF-LPME were optimized through 23 factorial design (6 cm fiber length, stirring speed of 750 rpm, and an extraction time of 30 min). Using a HF-LPME/GC-MS analytical strategy, it was possible to identify six by-products of BPA photodegradation, two of which have not been reported in the literature so far. This knowledge was quite important since the degradation can lead to the formation of more toxic and persistent by-products than the BPA. With the Toxtree software, three degradation products were found to be persistent to the environment, in addition to BPA; however, in 360 minutes of reaction, chromatographic peaks of the precursors were not identified, suggesting that there may have been a total degradation of these compounds. The results showed a great application potential of a miniaturized extraction technique to extract and pre-concentrate the degradation products of emerging contaminants.
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Novel miniaturized passive sampling devices based on liquid phase microextraction equipped with cellulose-grafted membranes for the environmental monitoring of phthalic acid esters in natural waters. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1231:340405. [PMID: 36220296 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are considered endocrine disruptors and potential carcinogens. Consequently, efficient and accurate environmental monitoring of trace levels of these organic pollutants is necessary to protect the population against their hazardous effects. Passive sampling techniques have gained notoriety for environmental monitoring and have been proven highly sensitive to temporal variations. This study developed a miniaturized passive sampling device (MPSD) based on hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME). The devices were calibrated in the laboratory using an automated calibration system. The results demonstrated the first-order uptake ranges for Diethyl phthalate (DEP), Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl phthalate) (DEHP) between 30 min and 24 h with sampling rates equivalent to 0.009; 0.021; 0.033; 0.085 and 0.003 mL h-1 respectively (R2 between 0.88 and 0.99). The calibrated devices were deployed in 12 marginal lagoons, stretching approximately 330 km along the main river. The extracts recovered from the devices were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), resulting in the identification and quantification of DEP (0.697-13.7 ng L-1), DiBP (0.100-4.43 ng L-1), DBP (0.014-1.21 ng L-1), BBP (0.218-5.67 ng L-1), and DEHP (0.002-2.24 ng L-1). Despite being frequently identified, DEHP concentrations were well below the maximum established limits, revealing a good water quality in terms of the target PAEs. In contrast, screening the extracts using GCxGC was possible to detect other hazardous pollutants such as pesticides, drugs, and their metabolites. The described device was effective and reliable, providing accurate PAE measurements following short exposure periods. In this sense, its deployment during emergency operations, such as accidental discharges of industrial effluents into natural waters, could continuously and cost-effectively monitor water quality.
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de Araújo EP, Caldas ED, Oliveira-Filho EC. Pesticides in surface freshwater: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:452. [PMID: 35608712 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to critically review studies published up to November 2021 that investigated the presence of pesticides in surface freshwater to answer three questions: (1) in which countries were the studies conducted? (2) which pesticides are most evaluated and detected? and (3) which pesticides have the highest concentrations? Using the Prisma protocol, 146 articles published from 1976 to November 2021 were included in this analysis: 127 studies used grab sampling, 10 used passive sampling, and 9 used both sampling techniques. In the 45-year historical series, the USA, China, and Spain were the countries that conducted the highest number of studies. Atrazine was the most evaluated pesticide (56% of the studies), detected in 43% of the studies using grab sampling, and the most detected in passive sampling studies (68%). The compounds with the highest maximum and mean concentrations in the grab sampling were molinate (211.38 µg/L) and bentazone (53 µg/L), respectively, and in passive sampling, they were oxyfluorfen (16.8 µg/L) and atrazine (4.8 μg/L), respectively. The levels found for atrazine, p,p'-DDD, and heptachlor in Brazil were higher than the regulatory levels for superficial water in the country. The concentrations exceeded the toxicological endpoint for at least 11 pesticides, including atrazine (Daphnia LC50 and fish NOAEC), cypermethrin (algae EC50, Daphnia and fish LC50; fish NOAEC), and chlorpyrifos (Daphnia and fish LC50; fish NOAEC). These results can be used for planning pesticide monitoring programs in surface freshwater, at regional and global levels, and for establishing or updating water quality regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eloisa Dutra Caldas
- Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília - UnB, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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Miniaturized QuEChERS extraction method for the detection of multi-residue pesticides in bat muscle tissue. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7164. [PMID: 35505235 PMCID: PMC9065137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat loss and fragmentation are among the greatest threats to biodiversity and ecosystem stability, with physiological implications on wild fauna. Bats (Microchiroptera) are small mammals with a wide variety of eating habits, and the well-being of these animals is disturbed by exposure to pesticides. This study aimed to develop a miniaturized QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction method for the detection of multi-residue pesticides in bat muscle tissue using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A total of 48 pesticides were tested in 250 mg of bat muscle tissue. The developed analytical method was applied to 148 bats collected from two different areas in Minas Gerais State, Southeast Region of Brazil. The method presented good sensitivity and allowed the determination of residues of 48 pesticides in bat muscle using GC–MS. The miniaturized extraction method makes the analysis feasible even when the sample volume is limited. However, no pesticide residues were detected in bats from the two areas investigated.
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Sohrabi H, Arbabzadeh O, Falaki M, Majidi MR, Han N, Yoon Y, Khataee A. Electrochemical layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based biosensors for pesticides detection in food and environment samples: A review of status and prospects. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 164:113010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Passive Sampling with Active Carbon Fibres in the Determination of Organic Pollutants in Groundwater. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14040585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Legislation addressing the quality of groundwater and increasing concerns over public health calls for the development of analytical methods that can produce accurate and precise results at the ppt level. Passive sampling has been recognised as a helpful tool in identifying various organic pollutants in groundwater, even when their presence had not yet been identified through conventional groundwater quality monitoring. The article presents an analytical method involving a simple and cost-effective passive sampling device using Zorflex® activated carbon fibres (ACFs) for the qualitative monitoring of a broad range of organic pollutants in water in a single run. The applicability of the method developed was tested in three hydrogeological studies. In the first case, we present a non-targeted qualitative screening and a list of 892 different contaminants detected in the groundwater in Slovenia. In the second case, we discuss the presence and origin of organic compounds in the groundwater from a pilot area of the urban aquifer, Ljubljansko polje. The third case presents a comparison of results between passive and grab sampling. Passive sampling with ACFs confirmed the presence of a pollutant, even when it had not been previously detected through a quantitative method.
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11
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Recent nanomaterials development and application in diffusive gradients in thin-film devices. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-02012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Andrée DC, Marie Anne Eurie F, Niels DT, Isabel GA, Arne D, Wout VE, Lenin RF, Jasmine DR, Liesbeth J, Pieter S, Luis DG, Peter L M G. From field to plate: Agricultural pesticide presence in the guayas estuary (Ecuador) and commercial mangrove crabs. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117955. [PMID: 34435567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves are unique coastal ecosystems, located in tropical and subtropical regions. Yet, the functioning of these essential ecosystems is threatened by the presence of pollutants, including pesticides originating from agricultural activities. We investigated pesticide residues in the Guayas estuarine environment, since agricultural activities rapidly increased in the Guayas river basin over the past decades. A multi-residue analysis involving a selection of 88 pesticides was performed on the white meat and the hepatopancreas of the red mangrove crab (Ucides Occidentalis) at 15 sampling sites within the Guayas estuary along with water, sediment, and leaves samples. We found that 35 active compounds were present in the Guayas estuary, of which pyrimethanil was most commonly detected and had the highest concentrations in almost all compartments. Also, cadusafos was present in all studied compartments of the Guayas mangrove system and several prohibited pesticides (including carbendazim, carbofuran, and parathion) were detected. An ecotoxicological and probabilistic consumer risk assessment pointed out that current butachlor, carbendazim, and fludioxonil concentrations can cause adverse effects in aquatic organisms in the long term. Moreover, high potential acute and chronic risks of cadusafos residues on aquatic invertebrates and of diuron on algae in the Guayas wetlands were observed. Still, the exposure results indicated that the health risk for the consumers of the commercial red mangrove crab is low concerning cadusafos, chlorpyrifos, diuron, linuron, and pyrimethanil residues in crab tissues. The findings presented in this research can provide a useful basis for local water managers and environmental conservation groups to act and reduce the usage of pesticides, to avoid threatening aquatic and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Cock Andrée
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Forio Marie Anne Eurie
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - De Troyer Niels
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Garcia Arevalo Isabel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques, Ifremer, Centre Atlantique, F-44311, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Deknock Arne
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Van Echelpoel Wout
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riascos Flores Lenin
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - De Rop Jasmine
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jacxsens Liesbeth
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Spanoghe Pieter
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominguez Granda Luis
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Goethals Peter L M
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Perin M, Dallegrave A, Suchecki Barnet L, Zanchetti Meneghini L, de Araújo Gomes A, Pizzolato TM. Pharmaceuticals, pesticides and metals/metalloids in Lake Guaíba in Southern Brazil: Spatial and temporal evaluation and a chemometrics approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148561. [PMID: 34175608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Compiling and reporting data related to the presence of pharmaceuticals and pesticides are crucial means of assessing the risk those chemicals pose to human health and environment. Data sets from different sources were combined using a data fusion approach to produce a spatial and temporal variation of contaminants presents in water from Lake Guaíba (29°55'-30°24' S; 51°01'-51°20' W). Lake Guaíba is a 496 km2 water body situated in the geological depression of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil; that is fed by several rivers from the metropolitan area, the 5th largest metro area in Brazil, with approximately 5 million inhabitants. Analytical methodology to quantify pharmaceuticals and pesticides by LC-QTOF-MS and GC-MS/MS was validated for 41 pharmaceutical and 62 pesticides. Furthermore, 27 chemical elements were analyzed by ICP-MS, and physical chemical parameters were determined using established methodologies. All validation parameters were in accordance with the National Institute of Metrology, Standardization, and Industrial Quality. Thirty-five water samples were analyzed from January to August 2019, and 15 pharmaceuticals and 25 pesticides were present in concentrations ranging from 6.00 ng L-1 to 580.00 ng L-1. Twenty-seven elements were analyzed during the same period, and 18 were present in concentrations ranging from 0.2 μg L-1 to 7060 μg L-1. Samples were tagged according to the points and months of collection to identify temporal and spatial patterns. The main findings show that the compounds are distributed throughout the studied area without an apparent regular pattern, suggesting that events in a specific point affect the entire ecosystem. Conversely, temporal variations were well defined, as samples were grouped according to the climatic conditions of the months of collection. Considering the calculated quotient risks, atrazine, cyproconazole, diuron, and simazine showed the highest risk levels for algae; acetaminophen, diclofenac, and ibuprofen showed the highest risk levels for aquatics invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Perin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Dallegrave
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Suchecki Barnet
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Brasil, Estrada da Ponta Grossa 3036, 91780-580 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Zanchetti Meneghini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriano de Araújo Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Mara Pizzolato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Valenzuela EF, de Paula FF, Teixeira APC, Menezes HC, Cardeal ZL. Assessment of pesticides in water using time-weighted average calibration of passive sampling device manufactured with carbon nanomaterial coating on stainless steel wire. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3315-3327. [PMID: 33733701 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The continued contamination of water sources by pesticides is a problem that involves the life of aquatic organisms and human health, especially in countries whose economy is based on agriculture. The need to know the quality of drinking water under these circumstances is a priority for the public health of any community. Passive sampling methods allow the determination of long-term environmental pollutants through a single sample collection, reducing time and cost of analyses. One advantage of passive sampling is that it is possible to calculate a time-weighted average (TWA) concentration value or an equilibrium concentration value, depending on the type of device used and the exposure time. Passive sampling techniques using carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have a high potential for pesticide sampling in aquatic systems. A device for passive sampling manufactured with CNMs in a microextraction system and recyclable materials was calibrated in laboratory exposure conditions over 15 days. The calibration results showed linear accumulation periods between 5 and 10 days. Sampling rates were between 0.014 and 0.146 mL day-1. The sampler was field-tested in the San Francisco river basin in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil for 7 days. This research allowed for the detection and calculation of TWA concentrations for organochlorine pesticides such as α-HCH, 4,4-DDE, and 4,4-DD in water sources. The manufactured device demonstrated greater sensitivity than the grab sampling processes for the detection of pesticides. The performed passive sampling system using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique allowed for the collection, detection, identification, and quantification of 26 pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard F Valenzuela
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Fabiano F de Paula
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula C Teixeira
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Helvécio C Menezes
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil
| | - Zenilda L Cardeal
- Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil.
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15
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Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for multiclass emerging contaminant quantification in water samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2467-2479. [PMID: 33532915 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction allows highly selective concentration of organic compounds that are at trace levels. The determination of those analytes through the supercritical fluid chromatography usage is associated with many analytical benefits, which are significantly increased when it is coupled to a mass spectrometry detector, thus providing an extremely sensitive analytical technique with minimal consumption of organic solvents. On account of this, a hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction technique in two-phase mode combined with supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was developed for quantifying 19 multiclass emerging contaminants in water samples in a total chromatographic time of 5.5 min. The analytical method used 40 μL of 1-octanol placed in the porous-walled polypropylene fiber as the acceptor phase, and 1 L of water sample was the donor phase. After extraction and quantification techniques were optimized in detail, a good determination coefficient (r2 > 0.9905) in the range of 0.1 to 100 μg L-1, for most of the analytes, and an enrichment factor in the range of 7 to 28,985 were obtained. The recovery percentage (%R) and intraday precision (%RSD) were in the range of 80.80-123.40%, and from 0.48 to 16.89%, respectively. Limit of detection and quantification ranged from 1.90 to 35.66 ng L-1, and from 3.41 to 62.11 ng L-1, respectively. Finally, the developed method was successfully used for the determination of the 19 multiclass emerging contaminants in superficial and wastewater samples.
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16
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Towards a food web based control strategy to mitigate an amphibian panzootic in agricultural landscapes. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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17
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Utami RR, Geerling GW, Salami IRS, Notodarmojo S, Ragas AMJ. Environmental prioritization of pesticide in the Upper Citarum River Basin, Indonesia, using predicted and measured concentrations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:140130. [PMID: 32806383 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel screening method was developed to prioritize aquatic and human health risks of pesticides based on usage data, runoff modelling and effect prediction. An important asset of this new method is that it does not require measured concentration data, which are often unavailable or difficult to obtain in low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia. The method was applied to prioritize 31 agricultural pesticides used in the Upper Citarum River Basin in West Java, Indonesia. Ranking of pesticides based on predicted concentrations generally showed good agreement with ranking based on concentrations measured by passive sampling. The individual pesticide intake through the consumption of river water was predicted to cause negligible human health risks, but substantial aquatic risks (i.e. PEC/PNEC >1) were predicted for profenofos (5.2.E+01), propineb (3.6.E+01), chlorpyrifos (2.6.E+01), carbofuran (1.7.E+01), imidacloprid (9.4.E+00), methomyl (7.6.E+00) and chlorantraniliprole (3.6.E+00). In order to protect the aquatic environment, water managers are advised to take measures to reduce the use and runoff of these pesticides in the UCRB. The screening assessment can be further refined by performing additional effect studies for some pesticides, pesticide mixtures and validation of the predicted water concentrations by targeted measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosetyati R Utami
- Institute for Science in Society, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Gertjan W Geerling
- Institute for Science in Society, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Deltares, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Indah R S Salami
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Suprihanto Notodarmojo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ad M J Ragas
- Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Science, Faculty of Management, Science & Technology, Open University, 6419 AT Heerlen, the Netherlands
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18
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A new carbon nanomaterial solid-phase microextraction to pre-concentrate and extract pesticides in environmental water. Talanta 2020; 217:121011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Naderi Beni N, Snow DD, Berry ED, Mittelstet AR, Messer TL, Bartelt-Hunt S. Measuring the occurrence of antibiotics in surface water adjacent to cattle grazing areas using passive samplers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138296. [PMID: 32481204 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals are used in livestock production systems and residues passed to the environment, often unmetabolized, after use and excretion. Antibiotic residues may be transported from manure-treated soils via runoff and are also capable of reaching surface and groundwater systems through a variety of pathways. The occurrence and persistence of antibiotics in the environment is a concern due to the potential for ecological effects and proliferation of environmental antibiotic resistance in pathogenic organisms. In the present study, the occurrence and seasonal variation of 24 commonly-used veterinary antibiotics was evaluated in surface water adjacent to several livestock production systems using Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers (POCIS). Uptake rates for all compounds, nine of which have not been previously reported, were measured in the laboratory to permit estimation of changes in the time-weighted average (TWA) antibiotic concentrations during exposure. The antibiotics detected in POCIS extracts included sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, sulfamerazine, sulfadiazine, lincomycin, erythromycin, erythromycin anhydro- and monensin. The maximum TWA concentration belonged to sulfadiazine (25 ng/L) in the August-September sampling period and coincided with the highest number of precipitation events. With the exception of monensin that showed an increase in concentration over the stream path, none of the detected antibiotics were prescribed to livestock at the facility. The detection of antibiotics not prescribed by the facility may be attributable to the environmental persistence of previously used antibiotics, transfer by wind from other nearby livestock production sites or industrial uses, and/or the natural production of some antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Naderi Beni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-6105, USA
| | - Daniel D Snow
- Water Sciences Laboratory and School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844, USA
| | - Elaine D Berry
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, Spur 18D, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA
| | - Aaron R Mittelstet
- School of Natural Resources, East Campus, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 101 Hardin Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0961, USA
| | - Tiffany L Messer
- School of Natural Resources, East Campus, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 101 Hardin Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0961, USA; Biological Systems Engineering Department, East Campus, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 223 L.W. Chase Hall, P.O. Box 830726, Lincoln, NE 68583-0726, USA
| | - Shannon Bartelt-Hunt
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-6105, USA.
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20
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Applications of Hollow-Fiber and Related Microextraction Techniques for the Determination of Pesticides in Environmental and Food Samples—A Mini Review. SEPARATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/separations6040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides represent one of the most important groups of analytes in environmental analysis. Moreover, their levels are very frequently determined in food and beverages due to the concern over their possible adverse health effects. Their concentration in samples is usually very low; thus, they have to be preconcentrated. Conventional solvent and solid-phase extractions are mainly used for this purpose, but miniaturized approaches are also being applied more and more often. The present review covers solvent microextractions that use a semi-permeable membrane barrier between the sample and the solvent. The main representatives of this approach are hollow-fiber microextraction (HFME), solvent bar microextraction (SBME), electromembrane extraction (EME), and different variations of those, such as combinations with other sorbent or solvent microextractions, electromigration, etc. The relevant research from the last decade, dealing with the application of these microextractions to the isolation of pesticides from various environmental and food samples, is critically discussed with emphasis on their strengths and weak points.
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