1
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Li X, Zhang G, Zuhra Z, Wang S. User-Friendly and Responsive Electrochemical Detection Approach for Triclosan by Nano-Metal-Organic Framework. Molecules 2024; 29:3298. [PMID: 39064877 PMCID: PMC11279189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant challenge to public health, and is worsened by the widespread misuse of antimicrobial agents such as triclosan (TCS) in personal care and household products. Leveraging the electrochemical reactivity of TCS's phenolic hydroxyl group, this study investigates the electrochemical behavior of TCS on a Cu-based nano-metal-organic framework (Cu-BTC) surface. The synthesis of Cu-BTC via a room temperature solvent method, with triethylamine as a regulator, ensures uniform nanoparticle formation. The electrochemical properties of Cu-BTC and the signal enhancement mechanism are comprehensively examined. Utilizing the signal amplification effect of Cu-BTC, an electrochemical sensor for TCS detection is developed and optimized using response surface methodology. The resulting method offers a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive detection of TCS, with a linear range of 25-10,000 nM and a detection limit of 25 nM. This research highlights the potential of Cu-BTC as a promising material for electrochemical sensing applications, contributing to advancements in environmental monitoring and public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- School of Bioengineering and Health, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Gaocheng Zhang
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Zareen Zuhra
- School of Bioengineering and Health, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Shengxiang Wang
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
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2
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Cao Y, Chen M, Li J, Liu W, Zhu H, Liu Y. Continuous monitoring of temperature and freshness in cold chain transport based on the dual-responsive fluorescent hydrogel. Food Chem 2024; 438:137981. [PMID: 38007950 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive attention should be paid to the potential food spoilage in food transport. However, there is a problem of freshness destruction by repeated freezing and thawing during the cold chain transport. Herein, a fluorescent hydrogel with N-doped green-emitting carbon dots (N-GCDs), bovine serum albumin-gold nanoclusters (BSA-AuNCs) as fluorescent probes and polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate hydrogel as carrier matrix was developed to continuously detect temperature and freshness. Due to the solvatochromic effect of N-GCDs, when the temperature surpassed the threshold, the mixture of water and dimethyl sulfoxide underwent a phase transition and melted into the gel, changing the fluorescence color to realize the temperature monitoring. Then, due to the pH effect of BSA-AuNCs, the gel could respond to pH changes in food deterioration to monitor the food freshness. Thus, the changes of both fluorescence color and intensity of the hydrogel provides a new method for visual and portable authenticity of food freshness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongshuai Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Yingju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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3
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Xu N, Xiao M, Yu Z, Jin B, Yang M, Yi C. On-site quantitation of xanthine in fish and serum using a smartphone-based spectrophotometer integrated with a dual-readout nanosensing assay. Food Chem 2024; 431:137107. [PMID: 37562333 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and quantitative biochemical analysis at points-of-need is imperative for food safety inspection. This work reports on: 1) a stand-alone smartphone-based "two-in-one" spectrophotometer (the SAFS) installed with a self-developed application (the SAFS-App) which can precisely collect both absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra in a reproducible manner within 5 s; and 2) a straightforward protocol for xanthine detection using fluorescent carbon nanodots and silver nanoparticles. The assay performed with the SAFS demonstrates high specificity towards xanthine, and a linear range of 1-60 μM with LODs of 0.38 and 0.58 μM for colorimetric and fluorometric readouts, respectively. The reliability and robustness of the SAFS are validated by on-site quantitation of xanthine in fish and serum samples, with comparable accuracy to HPLC method. More importantly, the SAFS presents itself as an appealing device which is accessible to everyone through the Internet of Things and can be tailored for diverse point-of-care testing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxia Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Department of Medical Equipment, Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Jiangxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Zipei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Baohui Jin
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Changqing Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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4
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Li S, Wu Y, Ma X, Pang C, Wang M, Xu Z, Li B. Monitoring levamisole in food and the environment with high selectivity using an electrochemical chiral sensor comprising an MOF and molecularly imprinted polymer. Food Chem 2024; 430:137105. [PMID: 37562261 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
We used an enhanced recognition strategy to fabricate a novel levamisole-detecting chiral electrochemical sensor featuring a metal-organic framework (MOF) combined with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). We first synthesised a Cu/Zn-[benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid] (Cu/Zn-BTC) MOF as the molecular immobilisation and signal-amplifying unit, and then prepared the MIP (molecular recognition unit) using levamisole as the template on a glassy carbon electrode modified with Cu/Zn-BTC. We obtained a composite chiral sensor with enhanced recognition capability for levamisole after template removal. Using the templated sites as the switch and K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6] as a probe, we established a new method for detecting levamisole in meat products and water bodies. The linear detection range and detection limit of our chiral sensor are 5 to 6000 × 10-11 mol/L and 1.65 × 10-12 mol/L, respectively. Moreover, the sensor exhibited 93.8-109.0% recovery in the detection of levamisole in chicken and other real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhuai Li
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China.
| | - Yuwei Wu
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Xionghui Ma
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Chaohai Pang
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China.
| | - Zhi Xu
- Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China.
| | - Bei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570311, China
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5
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Wu H, Xu Z, Xiong D, Qin X, Liu G, Zhang H. Two dimensional iron metal-organic framework nanosheet with peroxidase-mimicking activity for colorimetric detection of hypoxanthine related to shrimp freshness. Talanta 2023; 265:124833. [PMID: 37348352 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Two dimensional iron metal-organic framework nanosheet (2D Fe MOF) was facilely synthesized at room temperature by simple stirring of iron salts and terephthalic acid ligand in a mixed solution containing triethylamine. Its morphology and structure were fully characterized by TEM, AFM, XPS and TEM element mapping. Then, its peroxidase-mimicking activity was studied by using H2O2 and 3, 3', 5, 5'- tetramethylbenzidine as substrate. Km and Vmax of 2D Fe MOF towards H2O2 were 0.02 mM and 2.08 × 10-8 M s-1, respectively. Through the formation of cascade reaction between xanthine oxidase and 2D Fe MOF, a visual method for hypoxanthine (Hx) detection was constructed to evaluate aquatic products freshness. After effective validation, this method presented wide linear range (5.0-500.0 μM), low limit of detection (3.29 μM), satisfied accuracy (recovery of 94.78-99.85%), and good selectivity. By using this method, Hx content in shrimp samples at different storage time were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Zhuolan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Danni Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Xinguang Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Haizhi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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6
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Smaoui S, Tarapoulouzi M, Agriopoulou S, D'Amore T, Varzakas T. Current State of Milk, Dairy Products, Meat and Meat Products, Eggs, Fish and Fishery Products Authentication and Chemometrics. Foods 2023; 12:4254. [PMID: 38231684 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Food fraud is a matter of major concern as many foods and beverages do not follow their labelling. Because of economic interests, as well as consumers' health protection, the related topics, food adulteration, counterfeiting, substitution and inaccurate labelling, have become top issues and priorities in food safety and quality. In addition, globalized and complex food supply chains have increased rapidly and contribute to a growing problem affecting local, regional and global food systems. Animal origin food products such as milk, dairy products, meat and meat products, eggs and fish and fishery products are included in the most commonly adulterated food items. In order to prevent unfair competition and protect the rights of consumers, it is vital to detect any kind of adulteration to them. Geographical origin, production methods and farming systems, species identification, processing treatments and the detection of adulterants are among the important authenticity problems for these foods. The existence of accurate and automated analytical techniques in combination with available chemometric tools provides reliable information about adulteration and fraud. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present the advances made through recent studies in terms of the analytical techniques and chemometric approaches that have been developed to address the authenticity issues in animal origin food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial, Enzymatic Biotechnology, and Biomolecules (LBMEB), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Maria Tarapoulouzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia CY-1678, Cyprus
| | - Sofia Agriopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Teresa D'Amore
- IRCCS CROB, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Theodoros Varzakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
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7
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Polydopamine-Coated Cu-BTC Nanowires for Effective Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Photothermal Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030822. [PMID: 36986682 PMCID: PMC10058397 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present a one-pot hydrothermal approach for synthesizing metal–organic framework-derived copper (II) benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (Cu-BTC) nanowires (NWs) using dopamine as the reducing agent and precursor for a polydopamine (PDA) surface coating formation. In addition, PDA can act as a PTT agent and enhance NIR absorption, producing photothermal effects on cancer cells. These NWs displayed a photothermal conversion efficiency of 13.32% after PDA coating and exhibited good photothermal stability. Moreover, NWs with a suitable T1 relaxivity coefficient (r1 = 3.01 mg−1 s−1) can be effectively used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. By increasing concentrations, cellular uptake studies showed a greater uptake of Cu-BTC@PDA NWs into cancer cells. Further, in vitro studies showed PDA-coated Cu-BTC NWs possess exceptional therapeutic performance by 808 nm laser irradiation, destroying 58% of cancer cells compared with the absence of laser irradiation. This promising performance is anticipated to advance the research and implementation of copper-based NWs as theranostic agents for cancer treatment.
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8
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Novel ammonia-responsive carboxymethyl cellulose/Co-MOF multifunctional films for real-time visual monitoring of seafood freshness. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123129. [PMID: 36610564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.123129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, ammonia-responsive biopolymer-based intelligent active films are of great interest for their huge potential in maintaining and monitoring the freshness of seafood. However, it is still a challenge to create biopolymer-based intelligent active films with favorable color stability, antibacterial and visual freshness indication functions. Herein, cobalt-based metal-organic framework (Co-MOF) nanosheets with ammonia-sensitive and antibacterial functions were successfully synthesized and then embedded into carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) matrix to develop high performance and multifunctional CMC-based intelligent active films. The influence of Co-MOF addition on the structure, physical and functional characters of CMC film was comprehensively studied. The results showed that the Co-MOF nanofillers were homogeneously embedded within the CMC matrix, bringing about remarkable promotion on tensile strength (from 45.3 to 62.2 MPa), toughness (from 0.7 to 2.3 MJ/m3), water barrier and UV-blocking performance of CMC film. Notably, the obtained CMC/Co-MOF nanocomposite films also presented excellent long-term color stability, antibacterial activity (with the bacteriostatic efficiency of 99.6 % and 99.3 % against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), and ammonia-sensitive discoloration performance. Finally, the CMC/Co-MOF nanocomposite films were successfully applied for real-time visual monitoring of shrimp freshness. The above results demonstrate that the CMC/Co-MOF nanocomposite films possess huge potential applications in intelligent active packaging.
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9
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Felicia WXL, Rovina K, ‘Aqilah NMN, Vonnie JM, Yin KW, Huda N. Assessing Meat Freshness via Nanotechnology Biosensors: Is the World Prepared for Lightning-Fast Pace Methods? BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:217. [PMID: 36831985 PMCID: PMC9954215 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of food science, nanotechnology-based biosensors are one of the most intriguing techniques for tracking meat freshness. Purine derivatives, especially hypoxanthine and xanthine, are important signs of food going bad, especially in meat and meat products. This article compares the analytical performance parameters of traditional biosensor techniques and nanotechnology-based biosensor techniques that can be used to find purine derivatives in meat samples. In the introduction, we discussed the significance of purine metabolisms as analytes in the field of food science. Traditional methods of analysis and biosensors based on nanotechnology were also briefly explained. A comprehensive section of conventional and nanotechnology-based biosensing techniques is covered in detail, along with their analytical performance parameters (selectivity, sensitivity, linearity, and detection limit) in meat samples. Furthermore, the comparison of the methods above was thoroughly explained. In the last part, the pros and cons of the methods and the future of the nanotechnology-based biosensors that have been created are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xia Ling Felicia
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kobun Rovina
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Nasir Md Nur ‘Aqilah
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Joseph Merillyn Vonnie
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Koh Wee Yin
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Huda
- Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Locked Bag No. 3, Sandakan 90509, Sabah, Malaysia
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10
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Fabrication of Niobium Metal Organic Frameworks anchored Carbon Nanofiber Hybrid Film for Simultaneous Detection of Xanthine, Hypoxanthine and Uric Acid. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Sakthivel R, Lin LY, Duann YF, Chen HH, Su C, Liu X, He JH, Chung RJ. MOF-Derived Cu-BTC Nanowire-Embedded 2D Leaf-like Structured ZIF Composite-Based Aptamer Sensors for Real-Time In Vivo Insulin Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28639-28650. [PMID: 35709524 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insulin, which is a hormone produced by the β-cells of the pancreas, regulates the glucose levels in the blood and can transport glucose into cells to produce glycogen or triglycerides. Insulin deficiency can lead to hyperglycemia and diabetes. Therefore, insulin detection is critical in clinical diagnosis. In this study, disposable Au electrodes were modified with copper(II) benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (Cu-BTC)/leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-L) for insulin detection. The aptamers are easily immobilized on the Cu-BTC/ZIF-L composite by physical adsorption and facilitated the specific interaction between aptamers and insulin. The Cu-BTC/ZIF-L composite-based aptasensor presented a wide linear insulin detection range (0.1 pM to 5 μM) and a low limit of detection of 0.027 pM. In addition, the aptasensor displayed high specificity, good reproducibility and stability, and favorable practicability in human serum samples. For the in vivo tests, Cu-BTC/ZIF-L composite-modified electrodes were implanted in non-diabetic and diabetic mice, and insulin was quantified using electrochemical and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Sakthivel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Fang Duann
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Chaochin Su
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology,National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Xinke Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jr-Hau He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 26 Kowloon, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Ren-Jei Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
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12
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Label-Free ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Electrochemically Assessing Fish Freshness by Monitoring Xanthine and Hypoxanthine. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10050158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Considering that simultaneous detection of xanthine (XA) and hypoxanthine (HXA) has been proved to be a reliable and feasible method for assessing fish freshness, a novel electrochemical sensing platform based on the ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed in this study for XA and HXA determination. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were performed to exhibit the morphology and structural characteristics of ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) displayed that the introduction of UiO-66-NH2 can improve the specific surface area of the hybrid. Besides, the electrochemical sensing performance of ZnIn2S4/UiO-66-NH2 was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). For simultaneously detecting XA and HXA, the fabricated electrochemical sensor shows wide linear ranges (0.025–40 µM and 0.3–40 µM) with low detection limits (0.0083 µM and 0.1 µM). This sensor also has 96–103% recovery in detecting XA and HXA content in large yellow croaker meat samples, demonstrating a promising application in the marine food industry.
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13
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Bimetallic Mn/Fe MOF modified screen-printed electrodes for non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of organophosphate. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1202:339676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Banwari A, Joshi RC, Sengar N, Dutta MK. Computer vision technique for freshness estimation from segmented eye of fish image. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Yin M, Zhang L, Qiu T, Chen Y, Qi S, Wei X, Tian X, Ge K, Qiu J, Xu D. Double-layer capsule of mesoporous ZnO@SnO 2 for sensitive detection of triethylamine. Analyst 2021; 146:6193-6201. [PMID: 34514481 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To overcome obstacles such as low response and poor selectivity of pure ZnO and SnO2 gas sensors, the ZnO@SnO2 sensor was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis. The samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, HRTEM, N2 adsorption-desorption and other techniques. The results show that ZnO@SnO2 forms an n-n-type heterostructure and presents a double-layer capsule with a size of 0.5-4 μm. The results show that compared with pure ZnO and SnO2, the ZnO@SnO2 sensor exhibits a higher response (138.9) to 50 ppm triethylamine (TEA) at 152°C, which is 19.56 times that of the pure ZnO sensor and 21.7 times that of the SnO2 sensor. It has a short response/recovery time (11/11 s), excellent selectivity and cycling stability. Compared with other volatile organic compounds or gases, it has higher selectivity for TEA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yin
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Shuyan Qi
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Xiuxia Wei
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Xinxin Tian
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Kangjie Ge
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Jingxuan Qiu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Dongpo Xu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
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16
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Portable functional hydrogels based on silver metallization for visual monitoring of fish freshness. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Facile and rapid one-step mass production of flexible 3D porous graphene nanozyme electrode via direct laser-writing for intelligent evaluation of fish freshness. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Franceschelli L, Berardinelli A, Dabbou S, Ragni L, Tartagni M. Sensing Technology for Fish Freshness and Safety: A Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21041373. [PMID: 33669188 PMCID: PMC7919655 DOI: 10.3390/s21041373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Standard analytical methods for fish freshness assessment are based on the measurement of chemical and physical attributes related to fish appearance, color, meat elasticity or texture, odor, and taste. These methods have plenty of disadvantages, such as being destructive, expensive, and time consuming. All these techniques require highly skilled operators. In the last decade, rapid advances in the development of novel techniques for evaluating food quality attributes have led to the development of non-invasive and non-destructive instrumental techniques, such as biosensors, e-sensors, and spectroscopic methods. The available scientific reports demonstrate that all these new techniques provide a great deal of information with only one test, making them suitable for on-line and/or at-line process control. Moreover, these techniques often require little or no sample preparation and allow sample destruction to be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Franceschelli
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Guglielmo Marconi-University of Bologna, Via Dell’Università, 50, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Annachiara Berardinelli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive, 9, Povo, 38123 Trento, Italy;
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Via E. Mach, 1, S. Michele All’Adige, 38010 Trento, Italy;
| | - Sihem Dabbou
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Via E. Mach, 1, S. Michele All’Adige, 38010 Trento, Italy;
| | - Luigi Ragni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-Food Research, University of Bologna, Via Q. Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Marco Tartagni
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Guglielmo Marconi-University of Bologna, Via Dell’Università, 50, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
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19
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Baachaoui S, Aldulaijan S, Raouafi F, Besbes R, Sementa L, Fortunelli A, Raouafi N, Dhouib A. Pristine graphene covalent functionalization with aromatic aziridines and their application in the sensing of volatile amines - an ab initio investigation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7070-7077. [PMID: 35423218 PMCID: PMC8694903 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09964c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Food quality is of paramount importance for public health safety. For instance, fish freshness can be assessed by sensing the volatile short chain alkylamines produced by spoiled fish. Functionalized graphene is a good candidate for the design of gas sensors for such compounds and therefore of interest as the basic material in food quality sensor devices. To shed theoretical insight in this direction, in the present work we investigate via first-principles density functional theory (DFT) simulations: (i) graphene functionalization via aziridine appendages and (ii) the adsorption of short chain alkylamines (methylamine MA, dimethylamine DMA, and trimethylamine TMA) on the chemically functionalized graphene sheets. Optimal geometries, adsorption energies, and projected density of states (PDOS) are computed using a DFT method. We show that nitrene reactive intermediates, formed by thermal or photo splitting of arylazides - p-carboxyphenyl azide (1a), p-carboxyperfluorophenyl azide (1b), and p-nitrophenyl azide (1c) - react with graphene to yield functionalized derivatives, with reaction energies >-1.0 eV and barriers of the order of 2.0 eV, and open a ∼0.3 to 0.5 eV band gap which is in principle apt for applications in sensing and electronic devices. The interaction between the amines and functionalized graphene, as demonstrated from the calculations of charge density differences showing regions of charge gain and others of charge depletion between the involved groups, occurs through hydrogen bonding with interaction energies ranging from -0.04 eV to -0.76 eV, and induce charge differences in the system, which in the case of p-carboxyperfluorophenyl azide (1b) are sizeable enough to be experimentally observable in sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Baachaoui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Electrochimie (LR99ES15), Departement de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis El Manar 2092 Tunisia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam 31113 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Aldulaijan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam 31113 Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayçal Raouafi
- Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes Scientifiques et Techniques (IPEST), Université de Carthage La Marsa Tunisia
| | - Rafaa Besbes
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Electrochimie (LR99ES15), Departement de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis El Manar 2092 Tunisia
| | - Luca Sementa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-ICCOM & IPCF Pisa 56124 Italy
| | | | - Noureddine Raouafi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Electrochimie (LR99ES15), Departement de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis El Manar 2092 Tunisia
| | - Adnene Dhouib
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam 31113 Saudi Arabia
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20
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Rezki M, Septiani NLW, Iqbal M, Harimurti S, Sambegoro P, Adhika DR, Yuliarto B. Amine-functionalized Cu-MOF nanospheres towards label-free hepatitis B surface antigen electrochemical immunosensors. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5711-5721. [PMID: 34223862 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00222h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) nanomaterials offer a wide range of promising applications due to their unique properties, including open micro- and mesopores and richness of functionalization. Herein, a facile synthesis via a solvothermal method was successfully employed to prepare amine-functionalized Cu-MOF nanospheres. Moreover, the growth and the morphology of the nanospheres were optimized by the addition of PVP and TEA. By functionalization with an amine group, the immobilization of a bioreceptor towards the detection of hepatitis B infection biomarker, i.e., hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), could be realized. The immobilization of the bioreceptor/antibody to Cu-MOF nanospheres was achieved through a covalent interaction between the carboxyl group of the antibodies and the amino-functional ligand in Cu-MOF via EDC/NHS coupling. The amine-functionalized Cu-MOF nanospheres act not only as a nanocarrier for antibody immobilization, but also as an electroactive material to generate the electrochemical signal. The electrochemical sensing performance was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results showed that the current response proportionally decreased with the increase of HBsAg concentration. More importantly, the sensing performance of the amine-functionalized Cu-MOF nanospheres towards HBsAg detection was found to be consistent in real human serum media. This strategy successfully resulted in wide linear range detection of HBsAg from 1 ng mL-1 to 500 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 730 pg mL-1. Thus, our approach provides a facile and low-cost synthesis process of an electrochemical immunosensor and paves the way to potentially utilize MOF-based nanomaterials for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rezki
- Advanced Functional Materials Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Ni Luh Wulan Septiani
- Advanced Functional Materials Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Advanced Functional Materials Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Suksmandhira Harimurti
- Lab-On-a-Chip Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Poetro Sambegoro
- Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Damar Rastri Adhika
- Advanced Functional Materials Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia. and Research Center of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Brian Yuliarto
- Advanced Functional Materials Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia. and Research Center of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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21
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Hsu HC, Liao PW, Lee HT, Liu WC, Ho ML. Silver Nanoplates for Colorimetric Determination of Xanthine in Human Plasma and in Fish Meat via Etching/Aggregation/Fusion Steps. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5739. [PMID: 33050252 PMCID: PMC7599804 DOI: 10.3390/s20205739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoplates (AgP) were prepared and used in a colorimetric method for the evaluation of Xanthine (Xan) in blood plasma and fish meat. The detection mechanism for Xan was observed to occur via etching of AgP particles/aggregation/fusion steps, resulting in a color change from blue to grey. First, the basic Xan solution is adsorbed through partial substitution of capping molecules around the AgP with Xan, and then intermolecular hydrogen bonds form between AgP and AgP. Subsequently, the titrant Xan solution further etches the AgP and finally fuses particles together. Owing to the step by step mechanism, the response range towards Xan has two linear regression ranges: 0.15-0.60 μM and 0.61-3.00 μM, respectively. The detection limit in the range of 0.15-0.60 μM is 0.011 μM (S/N = 3). AgP exhibits good selectivity for Xan over other potential interferents such as amino acids and blood proteins. AgP achieves rapid detection of Xan and can be applied to the satisfactory determination of Xan in blood plasma and fish meat. This colorimetric sensor is easy to use, cost effective, fast, selective and user friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mei-Lin Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Soochow University, No. 70, LinShih Rd., Shih-Lin, Taipei 11102, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (P.-W.L.); (H.-T.L.); (W.-C.L.)
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22
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Fu J, Zhong Z, Xie D, Guo Y, Kong D, Zhao Z, Zhao Z, Li M. SERS‐Active MIL‐100(Fe) Sensory Array for Ultrasensitive and Multiplex Detection of VOCs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Hao Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University University East 100, Xixiangtang district Nanning 530004 China
| | - Zhen Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University University East 100, Xixiangtang district Nanning 530004 China
| | - Dan Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing China
| | - Yan‐Jun Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao Beijing China
| | - De‐Xuan Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing China
| | - Zhong‐Xing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University University East 100, Xixiangtang district Nanning 530004 China
| | - Zhen‐Xia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University University East 100, Xixiangtang district Nanning 530004 China
| | - Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing China
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23
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Fu JH, Zhong Z, Xie D, Guo YJ, Kong DX, Zhao ZX, Zhao ZX, Li M. SERS-Active MIL-100(Fe) Sensory Array for Ultrasensitive and Multiplex Detection of VOCs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20489-20498. [PMID: 32743925 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as SERS-active platforms in multiplex volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detection is still unexplored. Herein, we demonstrate that MIL-100 (Fe) serves as an ideal SERS substrate for the detection of VOCs. The limit of detection (LOD) of MIL-100(Fe) for toluene sensing can reach 2.5 ppm, and can be even further decreased to 0.48 ppb level when "hot spots" in between Au nanoparticles are employed onto MIL-100 (Fe) substrate, resulting in an enhancement factor of 1010 . Additionally, we show that MIL-100(Fe) substrate has a unique "sensor array" property allowing multiplex VOCs detection, with great modifiability and expandability by doping with foreign metal elements. Finally, the MIL-100(Fe) platform is utilized to simultaneously detect the different gaseous indicators of lung cancer with a ppm detection limit, demonstrating its high potential for early diagnosis of lung cancer in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hao Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, University East 100, Xixiangtang district, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhen Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, University East 100, Xixiangtang district, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Dan Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Jun Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, China
| | - De-Xuan Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Xing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, University East 100, Xixiangtang district, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhen-Xia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, University East 100, Xixiangtang district, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
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