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Craciun C, Stoica SD, Mitu BM, Acsente T, Dinescu G. Mass Spectra Fitting as Diagnostic Tool for Magnetron Plasmas Generated in Ar and Ar/H 2 Gases with Tungsten Targets. Molecules 2023; 28:5664. [PMID: 37570638 PMCID: PMC10420293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we describe an ion mass spectra processing method from plasmas generated in Ar and Ar/H2 gases in contact with tungsten surfaces. For this purpose, advanced model functions, i.e., those suitable for fitting the experimental mass peak profiles, are used. In addition, the peak positions, peak shapes, abundances, and ion ratios are the parameters considered for building these functions. In the case of a multielement magnetron target, the calibration of the mass spectra with respect to the peak shape and position on the m/z scale is helpful in reducing the number of free variables during fitting. The mass spectra fitting procedure is validated by the obtained isotopic abundances of W ions in W/Ar magnetron plasmas, which, in turn, are comparable with their natural abundance. Moreover, its usefulness is exemplified by calculating the ratio of WH+/W+ ions in W/Ar/H2 plasma. This work paves the way for obtaining relevant results regarding ion species in plasma even in the case of using general-purpose mass spectrometers with limited resolution and accuracy. Although this method is illustrated for the W/Ar/H2 plasma system, it can be easily extendable to any plasma type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Craciun
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania; (C.C.); (S.D.S.); (T.A.)
- Doctoral School of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Silviu Daniel Stoica
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania; (C.C.); (S.D.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Bogdana Maria Mitu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania; (C.C.); (S.D.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Tomy Acsente
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania; (C.C.); (S.D.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Gheorghe Dinescu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania; (C.C.); (S.D.S.); (T.A.)
- Doctoral School of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
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Wang P, Hu J, Liu T, Liu J, Ma S, Ma W, Li J, Zheng H, Lu R. Advances in the application of metallic isotopes to the identification of contaminant sources in environmental geochemistry. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131913. [PMID: 37392646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of the economy and society makes heavy metals (HMs) pollution more and more serious. And, pollution source identification is the primary work of environmental pollution control and land planning. Notably, stable isotope technology has a high ability to distinguish pollution sources, and can better reflect the migration behavior and contribution of HMs from diverse sources, which has become a hot research tool for pollution source identification of HMs. Currently, the rapid development of isotope analysis technology provides a relatively reliable reference for pollution tracking. Based on this background, the fractionation mechanism of stable isotopes and the influence of environmental processes on isotope fractionation are reviewed. Furthermore, the processes and requirements for the measurement of metal stable isotope ratios are summarized, and the calibration methods and detection accuracy of sample measurement are evaluated. Besides, the current commonly used binary model and multi-mixed models in the identification of contaminant sources are also concluded. Moreover, the isotopic changes of different metallic elements under natural and anthropogenic conditions are discussed in detail, and the application prospects of multi-isotope coupling in the traceability of environmental geochemistry are evaluated. This work has some guidance for the application of stable isotopes in the source identification of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jian Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Tingyi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Jinke Liu
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shunrong Ma
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenmin Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Houyi Zheng
- China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, Beijing 10013, PR China
| | - Ran Lu
- Research Center of Heavy Metal Pollution Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, PR China
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Lin R, Lin J, Zong K, Yang A, Chen K, Liu Y, Hu Z. Determination of the Isotopic Composition of Ytterbium by MC-ICP-MS Using an Optimized Regression Model. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7200-7209. [PMID: 35549212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we measure the absolute isotope ratios of ytterbium (Yb) by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) using an optimized regression model for mass bias correction. A rhenium (Re) reference material (NIST SRM 3143), which has been characterized previously, is selected as a primary calibrator to calibrate the absolute Yb isotope ratios for three Yb materials (GSB, Alfa Yb, and GBW). The three-isotope plot for all collected data indicates that the results of Yb isotope ratios obtained are not affected by any polyatomic interferences and the mass-independent isotopic fractionation. Furthermore, the recalibrated Hf historical isotope ratios by using the absolute Yb isotopic composition obtained in this study for the isobaric interference correction on Hf isotopes are in agreement with the original historical values. This work has further demonstrated the applicability of the regression model for the calibrated measurements of absolute isotope ratios using MC-ICP-MS. The three mono-elemental Yb standard solutions are thus proposed as the reference materials for Yb isotope ratio measurements in environmental and geoscience applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Keqing Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhaochu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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He J, Meija J, Yang L. Determination of the Isotopic Composition of Zirconium Using MC-ICPMS and a Regression Model for Mass Bias Correction. Anal Chem 2021; 93:5107-5113. [PMID: 33735564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Measurements of zirconium isotopes provide insights into the formation of planetary bodies, dating nuclear explosions, or maintenance of nuclear reactors. Although many comparative measurements for the isotopic composition of zirconium have been performed using mass spectrometry, there is a lack of zirconium isotopic reference materials and only a single calibrated measurement has been reported to date by total evaporation thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TE-TIMS). In this study, we report an independent measurement of full zirconium isotopic composition in a new zirconium isotopic reference material by multicollector inductively coupled plasma MS using the regression method and two independent certified isotopic reference materials, NIST SRM 984 Rb and NIST SRM 987 Sr. Our results agree well with the recent TE-TIMS measurements and suggest a revision of the standard atomic weight of zirconium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Juris Meija
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Lu Yang
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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He J, Yang L, Hou X, Mester Z, Meija J. Determination of the Isotopic Composition of Gadolinium Using Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6103-6110. [PMID: 32267665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report independent measurements of all stable isotope ratios of gadolinium. Our study employs multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) with National Research Council Canada (NRC) HALF-1 isotopic hafnium standard as a primary calibrator and surveys four commercial gadolinium materials, including a NRC candidate isotopic reference material, GADS-1. The isotopic composition of gadolinium is determined using the regression model without reliance on conventional normalizing isotope ratios or mass-dependent isotope ratio correction models. In this work, all gadolinium isotope ratios were obtained from 160Gd/158Gd which, in turn, was measured from hafnium 178Hf/177Hf either directly or indirectly through 167Er/166Er. The latter approach was used for the final determination of gadolinium isotopic composition, as it provides smaller combined uncertainty. We report high-precision measurements of the isotopic composition of gadolinium, which support a revised standard atomic weight. Isotope amount ratios of R152/158 = 0.008 20(2)k=1, R154/158 = 0.087 98(12)k=1, R155/158 = 0.596 81(63)k=1, R156/158 = 0.825 08(57)k=1, R157/158 = 0.630 60(22)k=1, and R160/158 = 0.879 10(60)k=1, and the atomic weight of Ar(Gd) = 157.2502(6)k=1 were obtained for gadolinium in GADS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Lu Yang
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Zoltan Mester
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Juris Meija
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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He J, Meija J, Hou X, Zheng C, Mester Z, Yang L. Determination of the isotopic composition of lutetium using MC-ICPMS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:6257-6263. [PMID: 31844917 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report the first independent measurements of lutetium isotopic composition using multi-collector ICPMS in four commercial lutetium materials, including a new NRC candidate lutetium isotopic reference material, LUIS-1. The regression model was used to correct for the instrumental isotopic fractionation (mass bias) using NIST SRM 989 isotopic rhenium as the primary calibrator. The regression model is based on a short 15-min measurement sessions at varying ICP plasma power. Isotope ratio of R176/175 = 0.026553(11)k = 1, corresponding isotopic abundances of x176 = 0.025866(11)k = 1, x175 = 0.974134(11)k = 1, and an atomic weight of Ar(Lu) = 174.966693(13)k = 1 were obtained for lutetium in LUIS-1. Uncertainty estimation was performed using a mixture of modeling approaches in accordance with the JCGM 100:2008 "Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement" and its Supplement 1. The relative contribution of the rhenium primary standard to the combined uncertainty of 176Lu/175Lu isotope ratio was 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada.,College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Juris Meija
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Zoltán Mester
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Lu Yang
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada.
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