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Liu Z, Wu Z, Zhou Y, Xia J, Zhang W, Gao S, Li S, Lu Z, Zhang X, Yang S. Hydrophilic Peptide and Glycopeptide as Immobilized Sorbents for Glycosylation Analysis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1498-1505. [PMID: 38216336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is widely used for glycopeptide enrichment in shot-gun glycoproteomics to enhance the glycopeptide signal and minimize the ionization competition of peptides. In this work, we have developed a novel hydrophilic material (glycoHILIC) based on glycopeptides and peptides to provide hydrophilic properties. GlycoHILIC was synthesized by oxidizing cotton and then reacting the resulting aldehyde with the N-terminus of the glycopeptide or peptide by reductive amination. Due to the large amount of hydrophilic carbohydrates and hydrophilic amino acids contained in glycopeptides, glycoHILIC showed significantly better enrichment of glycopeptides than cotton itself. Our results demonstrate that glycoHILIC has high selectivity, a low detection limit, and good stability. Over 257 unique N-linked glycosylation sites in 1477 intact N-glycopeptides from 146 glycoproteins were identified from 1 μL of human serum using glycoHILIC. Serum analysis of pancreatic cancer patients found that 38 N-glycopeptides among 21 glycoproteins changed significantly, of which 7 N-glycopeptides increased and 31 N-glycopeptides decreased. These results demonstrate that glycoHILIC can be used for glycopeptide enrichment and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoliang Liu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Song Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Nanjing Apollomics Biotech, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210033, China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Yuan X, Song J, Wang H, Zhang W, Liu Y, Su P, Yang Y. Dual-functionalized two-dimensional metal-organic framework composite with highly hydrophilicity for effective enrichment of glycopeptides. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123920. [PMID: 38101285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation research is currently focused on the development of various functionalized materials that can effectively enrich the levels of glycopeptides in samples. However, most of these materials possess limited glycopeptide-specific recognition sites because of large steric hindrance, unsuitable mass transfer kinetics, and relatively low surface areas. Herein, a highly hydrophilic two-dimensional (2-D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheet modified with glutathione (GSH) and l-cysteine (l-Cys) (denoted as Zr-Fc MOF@Au@GC) has been synthesized for efficient glycopeptide enrichment. Using this composite material, 39 and 44 glycopeptides from horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and human serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) digests were detected, respectively, which represents a higher efficiency for glycopeptide enrichment from model glycoprotein digests than has been previously reported. The material Zr-Fc MOF@Au@GC exhibited ultra-high sensitivity (0.1 fmol/µL), excellent selectivity (weight ratio of HRP tryptic digest to bovine serum albumin (BSA) tryptic digest = 1:2000), good binding capacity (200 mg/g), satisfactory reusability, and long-term storage capacity. In addition, 655 glycopeptides corresponding to 366 glycoproteins were identified from human serum samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest number of glycoproteins detected in human serum samples to date. These results indicated that Zr-Fc MOF@Au@GC has the potential to be used for the enrichment of glycopeptides in biological samples and the analysis of protein glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenkang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Analytical Instrumentation Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ping Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Zhang X, Hua S, Feng Q, Ding CF, Wu Y, Yan Y. A novel hydrophilic polymer-coated magnetic nanomaterial based on the HILIC strategy for fast separation of glycopeptides and glycosylated exosomes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5755-5767. [PMID: 37540345 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Novel hydrophilic poly(N, N-methylenebisacrylamide/1,2-epoxy-5-hexene) coated magnetic nanospheres functionalized with 2-aminopurine (denoted as Fe3O4@poly(MBA/EH)@2AP) for enriching glycopeptides and glycosylated exosomes were successfully obtained using a simple and green method on the basis of the HILIC (hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography) enrichment strategy. The high density of polar groups endows the material with amazing hydrophilicity, enabling the nanomaterial to successfully capture glycopeptides and glycosylated exosomes within 1 min. Meanwhile, the materials demonstrated great sensitivity (0.01 fmol/μL), good loading capability (125 μg/mg), high selectivity (BSA:HRP = 1000:1), and repeatability (more than 10 times). Besides, the material was applied in the analysis of bio-samples, a total of 290 glycosylated peptides and 184 glycosylation sites mapping to 185 glycoproteins were identified in the serum of uremic patients. Besides, 42 glycopeptides were enriched from the saliva of healthy people. At the same time, it was verified by TEM and western blot that the complete glycosylated exosomes were successfully captured from the serum of the uremic patients. All experiments have demonstrated that Fe3O4@poly(MBA/EH)@2AP has a promising future in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuweng Hua
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quanshou Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongyao Wu
- Li Huili East Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center, Ningbo, China
| | - Yinghua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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A combination of surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization and photo-initiated "thiol-ene" click chemistry: Fabrication of functionalized macroporous adsorption resins for enrichment of glycopeptides. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1689:463774. [PMID: 36630850 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A hydrophilic adsorbent (Cys@poly(AMA)@MAR) was successfully prepared for the enrichment of N-glycopeptides via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) and photo-initiated "thiol-ene" reaction using monodisperse macroporous adsorbent resin (MAR) as adsorption matrix. Due to the presence of electron-deficient acrylic groups and electron-rich vinyl groups in allyl methacrylate (AMA), both of them can participate in free radical reaction. Therefore, the polymerization time of SI-ATRP was optimized. The resulting poly(AMA)@MAR was modified with l-cysteine (L-Cys) via photo-initiated "thiol-ene" reaction, and the amount of vinyl retained was determined by measuring the adsorption of Cu2+. The Cys@poly(AMA)@MAR pendant brushes with high density of amine and carboxyl groups could capture N-glycopeptides from IgG digest and human serum digest by hydrophilic interaction. The 22 N-glycopeptides were identified from IgG digest and the limit of detection reached 10 fmol. The 319 N-glycosylation sites and 583 N-glycopeptides were identified from 2 μL human serum digest and mapped to 147 glycoproteins. It demonstrates great potential and commercialization prospects for the enrichment of N-glycopeptides.
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Liu Z, Xu M, Zhang W, Miao X, Wang PG, Li S, Yang S. Recent development in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography stationary materials for glycopeptide analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:4437-4448. [PMID: 36300821 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01369j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications, and aberrant glycosylation is associated with the occurrence and development of diseases. Deciphering abnormal glycosylation changes can identify disease-specific signatures to facilitate the discovery of potential disease biomarkers. However, glycosylation analysis is challenging due to the diversity of glycans, heterogeneity of glycosites, and poor electrospray ionization of mass spectrometry. To overcome these obstacles, glycosylation is often elucidated using enriched glycopeptides by removing highly abundant non-glycopeptides. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is widely used for glycopeptide enrichment due to its excellent selectivity and specificity to hydrophilic glycans and compatibility with mass spectrometry. However, the development of HILIC has lagged far behind hydrophobic interaction chromatography, so efforts to further improve the performance of HILIC are beneficial for glycosylation analysis. This review discusses recent developments in HILIC materials and their advanced applications. Based on the physiochemical properties of glycopeptides, the use of amino acids or peptides as stationary phases showed improved enrichment and separation of glycopeptides. We can envision that the use of glycopeptides as stationary phases would definitely further improve the selectivity and specificity of HILIC for glycosylation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoliang Liu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Mingming Xu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
- Nanjing Apollomics Biotech, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210033, China.
| | - Xinyu Miao
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
- Nanjing Apollomics Biotech, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210033, China.
| | - Perry G Wang
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Shuwei Li
- Nanjing Apollomics Biotech, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210033, China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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Xu Z, Wu Y, Hu X, Deng C, Sun N. Inherently hydrophilic mesoporous channel coupled with metal oxide for fishing endogenous salivary glycopeptides and phosphopeptides. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Li J, Zhang J, Xu M, Yang Z, Yue S, Zhou W, Gui C, Zhang H, Li S, Wang PG, Yang S. Advances in glycopeptide enrichment methods for the analysis of protein glycosylation over the past decade. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3169-3186. [PMID: 35816156 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in bioanalytical technology have accelerated the analysis of complex protein glycosylation, which is beneficial to understanding glycosylation in drug discovery and disease diagnosis. Due to its biological uniqueness in the course of disease occurrence and development, disease-specific glycosylation requires quantitative characterization of protein glycosylation. We provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in glycosylation analysis, including workflows for glycoprotein digestion, glycopeptide separation and enrichment, and mass-spectrometry sequencing. We specifically focus on different strategies for glycopeptide enrichment through physical interaction, chemical oxidation, or metabolic labeling of intact glycopeptides. The recent advances and challenges of O-glycosylation analysis are presented, and the development of improved enrichment methods combining different proteases to analyze O-glycosylation is also proposed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Li
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zeren Yang
- AstraZeneca, Medimmune Ct, Frederick, MD, 21703, USA
| | - Shuang Yue
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wanlong Zhou
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Forensic Chemistry Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45237, USA
| | - Chunshan Gui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Nanjing Apollomics Biotech, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210033, China
| | - Perry G Wang
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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Li Y, Xu J, Li X, Ma S, Wei Y, Ou J. One-step fabrication of nitrogen-rich linear porous organic polymer-based micron-sized sphere for selective enrichment of glycopeptides. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1215:339988. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Li Z, Gao Y, Zhang H, Lan F, Wu Y. Hydrophilic magnetic covalent triazine frameworks for differential N-glycopeptides enrichment in breast cancer plasma membranes. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:717-727. [PMID: 35015022 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02290c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in plasma membrane glycoproteins (PMGs) have been identified as a hallmark of cancer. The comparison and identification of differential PMGs is significant for finding new markers and understanding pathological processes. However, the research on PMGs is often constrained by the low abundance and the disturbance of abundant endogenous biomolecules during direct analysis. Here, we report a bottom-up strategy to enrich the PMGs of breast cancer cells using hydrophilic magnetic covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs). A total of 972 N-glycopeptides and 1006 N-glycosites belonging to 526 N-glycoproteins were enriched in MCF-10A plasma membrane tryptic digest by magnetic CTFs. And 680 N-glycopeptides and 806 N-glycosites belonging to 443 N-glycoproteins were enriched in SK-BR-3 plasma membrane tryptic digest. Furthermore, comparative analysis was performed based on gene ontology to verify breast cancer biomarkers (SUSD2 and ALCAM) and differential PMGs' function. This strategy which systematically integrates efficient enrichment of differential PMGs and in-depth comparative analysis has great potential for helping illuminate the atlas of breast cancer PMGs and the causes of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Yichun Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Huinan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Lan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Yao Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
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Kumari M, Tetala KKR. A review on recent advances in the enrichment of glycopeptides and glycoproteins by liquid chromatographic methods: 2016-Present. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:388-402. [PMID: 34757643 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Among various protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), glycosylation has received special attention due to its immense role in molecular interactions, cellular signal transduction, immune response, etc. Aberration in glycan moieties of a glycoprotein is associated with cancer, diabetes, and bacterial and viral infections. In biofluids (plasma, saliva, urine, milk, etc.), glycoproteins are low in abundance and are masked by the presence of high abundant proteins. Hence, prior to their identification using mass spectrometry methods, liquid chromatography (LC)-based approaches were widely used. A general enrichment strategy involves a protein digestion step, followed by LC-based enrichment and desorption of glycopeptides, and enzymatic excision of the glycans. The focus of this review article is to highlight the articles published since 2016 that dealt with different LC-based approaches for glycopeptide and glycoprotein enrichment. The preparation of stationary phases, their surface activation, and ligand immobilization strategies have been discussed in detail. Finally, the major developments and future trends in the field have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Kumari
- Centre for Bioseparation Technology (CBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kishore K R Tetala
- Centre for Bioseparation Technology (CBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
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Gao Z, Tang R, Ma S, Jia S, Zhang S, Gong B, Ou J. Design and construction of a hydrophilic coating on macroporous adsorbent resins for enrichment of glycopeptides. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4515-4527. [PMID: 34515267 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01276b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although macroporous adsorbent resins (MARs) have been commercialized and widely applied in industrial and life fields, it is still of necessity to develop simple approaches to functionalize MARs. One of the most widely used methods to realize excellent fouling resistance performance is surface modification of hydrophilic polymers on substrates to fabricate an anti-biofouling coating. Herein, three kinds of hydrophilic poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) MAR were designed and facilely prepared by coating a layer of porous organic polymers (POPs) via either an epoxy-amine ring-opening polymerization or amine-aldehyde condensation reaction using isophthalaldehyde (IPA), 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen), melamine and 1,3,5-triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) as precursors. By taking advantage of their merits, such as large surface area, excellent hydrophilicity and unbiased affinity toward all types of glycopeptide, three functionalized hydrophilic MARs were successfully applied to capture glycopeptides from complex samples as hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) sorbents. A total of 694 N-glycopeptides and 372 N-glycosylation sites were identified from 2 μL of human serum digest with poly(TC)@MAR, which were not only more than those of poly(MT)@MAR (286 N-glycosylation sites and 547 N-glycopeptides) and poly(IM)@MAR (669 N-glycopeptides and 355 N-glycosylation sites), but also more than those of other reported HILIC materials. This work provided a new and simple way to synthesize enrichment materials for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of glycoproteomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Ruizhi Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Shujuan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Shicong Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Bolin Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Junjie Ou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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