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Cao H, Jiang Y, Sun Q, Liu R, Li Y, Huang J. Simultaneous monitoring of seven antiepileptic drugs by dried blood spot and dried plasma spot sampling: method validation and clinical application of a LC-MS/MS-based technique. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116099. [PMID: 38493754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Alternative blood sampling strategy can enhance the application of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), then improve precision therapy and medication compliance. In developing nations, alternative sampling strategy that allows self-sampling and room temperature transport is especially important. This study validates the use of dried blood spot (DBS) and dried plasma spot (DPS) sampling along with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for analyzing seven common antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) (phenytoin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, topiramate, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxy carbamazepine) and evaluates their applicability to clinical practice. Following simple protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the AEDs were separated on a C18 column by gradient elution with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water-0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.65 mL/min. The method provided linear analysis over the tested concentration ranges, with a total run time of 7 min. Intra- and inter-assay precision for all quality controls were ≤12% with accuracies of 85.9%-113%. The average extraction efficiencies were 69.0%-92.4% for DBS and 65.9%-96.5% for DPS, and no significant matrix effects were observed. The AEDs were stable in all samples for seven days at room temprature and 40°C. There was good correlation between the dry and wet plasma concentrations with greater accuracy for DPS compared to DBS indicating that alternative sampling strategy using DBS and DPS are suitable for monitoring the concentrations of AEDs with satisfied performance and logistical advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Ruichen Liu
- Shanghai AB Sciex Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.
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Cao R, Xu S, Yu Z, Xu L, Ge Z, Huo Q, Zhu G, Qiao B. Integration of protein L-immobilized epoxy magnetic bead capture with LC-MS/MS for therapeutic monoclonal antibody quantification in serum. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3720-3731. [PMID: 38808588 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00433g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the thriving monoclonal antibody (mAb) industry due to the wide utilization of mAbs in clinical therapies. Robust and accurate bioanalytical methods are required to enable fast quantification of mAbs in biological matrices, especially in the context of pharmacokinetics (PKs)/pharmacodynamics (PDs) and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) studies. In this investigation, we presented a novel immuno-magnetic capture coupled with a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method designed for the quantification of immunoglobulin G-kappa-based mAbs in biological fluids. The immunoaffinity absorbent for mAb drug purification was meticulously crafted by immobilizing protein L onto monosize, magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (m-pGMA) beads, synthesized through dispersion polymerization. The microspheres were acquired with an average size of 1.6 μm, and the optimal binding of mAbs from the aqueous mAb solution was determined to be 45.82 mg g-1. The quantification of mAbs in 10 μL serum samples was achieved through affinity purification using m-pGMA@protein L beads (employing rituximab as an internal standard (IS)), on-bead reduction, and rapid tryptic digestion. Remarkably, the entire process, taking less than 2.5 hours, held significant potential for simplifying pretreatment procedures and minimizing analytical time. Furthermore, the developed method underwent validation in accordance with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines. The assay demonstrated commendable linearity within the 2-400 μg mL-1 range for both daratumumab and pembrolizumab. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation fell within the range of 0.7% to 13.4%, meeting established acceptance criteria. Other validation parameters also conformed to regulatory standards. Ultimately, the efficacy of the method was substantiated in a pharmacokinetic study following a single-dose intravenous administration to mice, underscoring its applicability and reliability in real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Songlin Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhirui Yu
- Safety and Technology Center of Industry Products, Tianjin Custom, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qianyu Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Bin Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontiers Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Reubsaet L, Halvorsen TG. Advancements in clinical approaches, analytical methods, and smart sampling for LC-MS-based protein determination from dried matrix spots. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400061. [PMID: 38726749 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Determination of proteins from dried matrix spots using MS is an expanding research area. Mainly, the collected dried matrix sample is whole blood from a finger or heal prick, resulting in dried blood spots. However as other matrices such as plasma, serum, urine, and tear fluid also can be collected in this way, the term dried matrix spot is used as an overarching term. In this review, the focus is on advancements in the field made from 2017 up to 2023. In the first part reviews concerning the subject are discussed. After this, advancements made for clinical purposes are highlighted. Both targeted protein analyses, with and without the use of affinity extractions, as well as untargeted, global proteomic approaches are discussed. In the last part, both methodological advancements are being reviewed as well as the possibility to integrate sample preparation steps during the sample handling. The focus, of this so-called smart sampling, is on the incorporation of cell separation, proteolysis, and antibody-based affinity capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léon Reubsaet
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Mao S, Jin W, Fu S, Liu K, Xu F, Wu L, Xu Y, Yang H, Liu H, Wang G, Liang Y. Strategies for mapping protein hydrolysate profiles and pharmacokinetics based on non-targeted proteomics combining skyline-aided quantitative techniques. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1265:341272. [PMID: 37230566 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Numerous works have been focused on the bioactivities of protein hydrolysates (PHs) and their application in food or drug formulations, but their composition and pharmacokinetics have never been addressed due to their complex constitutes, short half-life, extremely low concentrations and lack of authentic standards. The present study aims to develop systematic analytical strategy and technical platform with optimized sample preparation, separation and detection protocols for PHs. Lineal peptides (LPs), extraction of the spleen of healthy pigs or calves, were used as cases. First, solvents with polarity gradients were used to globally extract peptides of LP from biological matrix. Non-targeted proteomics based on a high-resolution MS system was used to establish a reliable qualitative analysis workflow for PHs. Based on the developed approach, 247 unique peptides were identified using NanoLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS, and then further verified on the MicroLC-Q-TOF/MS system. In the quantitative analysis workflow, Skyline software was used to predict and optimize the LC-MS/MS detection parameters of LPs followed by investigating the linearity and precision of the developed analytical assay. Note worthily, we innovatively prepared calibration curves by sequential dilution of LP solution to overcome the bottleneck of lacking authentic standards and complex PH composition. All the peptides exhibited good linearity and precision in biological matrix. The established qualitative and quantitative assays were successfully applied to study the distribution characteristics of LPs in mice, and would be conductive to systematically map the profile and pharmacokinetics of peptides in various PHs in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Mao
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Wei Jin
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Sisi Fu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Keanqi Liu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Hebei Zhitong Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No. 1, Gucheng, Dingxing County, Hebei Province, 072656, PR China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yexin Xu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Huizhu Yang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Huafang Liu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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Thangavelu MU, Wouters B, Kindt A, Reiss IKM, Hankemeier T. Blood microsampling technologies: Innovations and applications in 2022. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 4:154-180. [PMID: 38716066 PMCID: PMC10989553 DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
With the development of highly sensitive bioanalytical techniques, the volume of samples necessary for accurate analysis has reduced. Microsampling, the process of obtaining small amounts of blood, has thus gained popularity as it offers minimal-invasiveness, reduced logistical costs and biohazard risks while simultaneously showing increased sample stability and a potential for the decentralization of the approach and at-home self-sampling. Although the benefits of microsampling have been recognised, its adoption in clinical practice has been slow. Several microsampling technologies and devices are currently available and employed in research studies for various biomedical applications. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in microsampling technology with a focus on the latest developments and advancements in the field of microsampling. Research published in the year 2022, including studies (i) developing strategies for the quantitation of analytes in microsamples and (ii) bridging and comparing the interchangeability between matrices and choice of technology for a given application, is reviewed to assess the advantages, challenges and limitations of the current state of microsampling. Successful implementation of microsampling in routine clinical care requires continued efforts for standardization and harmonization. Microsampling has been shown to facilitate data-rich studies and a patient-centric approach to healthcare and is foreseen to play a central role in the future digital revolution of healthcare through continuous monitoring to improve the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bert Wouters
- Metabolomics and Analytics CentreLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Alida Kindt
- Metabolomics and Analytics CentreLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Irwin K. M. Reiss
- Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive CareDivision of NeonatologyErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics and Analytics CentreLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
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Zhang K, Gong X, Wang Q, Tu P, Li J, Song Y. Rapid tryptic peptide mapping of human serum albumin using DI-MS/MS ALL. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9868-9882. [PMID: 35424948 PMCID: PMC8963265 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08717g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, proteinic drugs, in particular monoclonal antibodies, are taking the leading role of small molecule drugs, and peptide mapping relying on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is an emerging approach to substitute the role of a ligand-binding assay for the quality control of the proteinic drugs. However, such LC-MS/MS approaches extensively suffer from time-intensive measurements, leading to a limited throughput. To achieve accelerated measurements, here, the potential of DI-MS/MSALL towards tryptic peptide mapping was evaluated through comparing with well-defined LC-MS/MS means, and human serum albumin (HSA) was employed as the representative protein for applicability illustration. Among the 55 tryptic peptides theoretically suggested by Skyline software, 47 were successfully captured by DI-MS/MSALL through acquiring the desired MS2 spectra, in comparison to 51 detected by LC-MS/MS. DI-MS/MSALL measurements merely took 5 min, which was dramatically superior to the LC-MS/MS assay. Noteworthily, different from fruitful multi-charged MS1 signals for LC-MS/MS, most quasi-molecular ions received lower charged states. DI-MS/MSALL also possessed advantages such as lower solvent consumption and facile instrumentation; however, more sample was consumed. In conclusion, DI-MS/MSALL is eligible to act as an alternative analytical tool for LC-MS/MS towards the peptide mapping of proteinic drugs, particularly when a heavy measurement workload. DI-MS/MSALL records MS2 spectrum at each 1 Da mass window through gas phase ion fractionation theory, and is eligible to act as an alternative analytical tool for LC-MS/MS towards the peptide mapping of proteinic drugs.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xingcheng Gong
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China
| | - Qian Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yuelin Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China
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