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Li M, Wang K, Su W, Jia J, Wang X. The modulatory effect of 100 Hz electroacupuncture on striatal synaptic plasticity in unilateral lesioned 6-OHDA rats. Brain Res Bull 2022; 186:123-135. [PMID: 35697152 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studied have reported that impaired striatal synaptic plasticity played a crucial role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies have suggested that electroacupuncture (EA) alleviated the motor deficits in PD patients and animal models. However, the mechanisms underlying this protection need to be further elucidated. In this study, we found that EA-induced improvement of motor deficits in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model doesn't act through dopaminergic system. EA rescued the decreased striatal long-term potentiation (LTP) in 6-OHDA rats. In addition, the declined expression of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) in the striatum was remarkably up-regulated by EA. The EA-induced improvement of LTP can be eliminated by NR2B-selective inhibitor. It is indicated that EA-induced recovery of striatal LTP was correlated with the up-regulation of NR2B subunit. EA was also found to rescue the decreased dendritic arborization and the spine density in the striatum of 6-OHDA rats. Meanwhile, EA suppressed striatal glutamate content and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 which is expressed in cortico-striatal glutamatergic projections. The decrease of striatal glutamate content induced by decortication, EA treatment or a combination of both reversed the loss of striatal spine density in 6-OHDA rats. It is indicated that EA-induced reduction of cortico-striatal glutamate transmission contributes to the recovery of striatal spine density. In conclusion, the therapeutic effect of EA on the motor deficits of 6-OHDA rats was mediated by rescuing cortico-striatal glutamate transmission and striatal synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenting Su
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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2
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A Review of Diagnostic Imaging Approaches to Assessing Parkinson's Disease. BRAIN DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2022.100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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3
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de Oliveira RV, Pereira JS. Utility of manual fractional anisotropy measurements in the management of patients with Parkinson disease: a feasibility study with a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging system. Acta Radiol Open 2021; 10:2058460121993477. [PMID: 33747550 PMCID: PMC7903830 DOI: 10.1177/2058460121993477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diffusion tensor imaging has emerged as a promising tool for quantitative analysis of neuronal damage in Parkinson disease, with potential value for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation. Purpose The aim of this study was to examine Parkinson disease-associated alterations in specific brain regions revealed by diffusion tensor imaging and how such alterations correlate with clinical variables. Material and Methods Diffusion tensor imaging was performed on 42 Parkinson disease patients and 20 healthy controls with a 1.5-T scanner. Manual fractional anisotropy measurements were performed for the ventral, intermediate, and dorsal portions of the substantia nigra, as well as for the cerebral peduncles, putamen, thalamus, and supplementary motor area. The correlation analysis between these measurements and the clinical variables was performed using χ2 variance and multiple linear regression. Results Compared to healthy controls, Parkinson disease patients had significantly reduced fractional anisotropy values in the substantia nigra (P < .05). Some fractional anisotropy measurements in the substantia nigra correlated inversely with duration of Parkinson disease and Parkinson disease severity scores. Reduced fractional anisotropy values in the substantia nigra were also correlated inversely with age variable. fractional anisotropy values obtained for the right and left putamen varied significantly between males and females in both groups. Conclusion Manual fractional anisotropy measurements in the substantia nigra were confirmed to be feasible with a 1.5-T scanner. Diffusion tensor imaging data can be used as a reliable biomarker of Parkinson disease that can be used to support diagnosis, prognosis, and progression/treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romulo V de Oliveira
- Diagnostic Imaging Section, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Diagnosticos da America SA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Diagnostic Imaging Center, São Lucas Copacabana Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program Stricto Sensu in Medical Sciences at the Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João S Pereira
- Post Graduate Program Stricto Sensu in Medical Sciences at the Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Movement Disorders Section, Neurology Service, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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4
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Marino BLB, de Souza LR, Sousa KPA, Ferreira JV, Padilha EC, da Silva CHTP, Taft CA, Hage-Melim LIS. Parkinson's Disease: A Review from Pathophysiology to Treatment. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 20:754-767. [PMID: 31686637 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191104110908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly population, with a higher prevalence in men, independent of race and social class; it affects approximately 1.5 to 2.0% of the elderly population over 60 years and 4% for those over 80 years of age. PD is caused by the necrosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which is the brain region responsible for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA), resulting in its decrease in the synaptic cleft. The monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) degrades dopamine, promoting the glutamate accumulation and oxidative stress with the release of free radicals, causing excitotoxicity. The PD symptoms are progressive physical limitations such as rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, postural instability and disability in functional performance. Considering that there are no laboratory tests, biomarkers or imaging studies to confirm the disease, the diagnosis of PD is made by analyzing the motor features. There is no cure for PD, and the pharmacological treatment consists of a dopaminergic supplement with levodopa, COMT inhibitors, anticholinergics agents, dopaminergic agonists, and inhibitors of MAO-B, which basically aims to control the symptoms, enabling better functional mobility and increasing life expectancy of the treated PD patients. Due to the importance and increasing prevalence of PD in the world, this study reviews information on the pathophysiology, symptomatology as well as the most current and relevant treatments of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca L B Marino
- Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica e Medicinal (PharMedChem), Universidade Federal do Amapa, Macapa, Amapa, Brazil
| | - Lucilene R de Souza
- Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica e Medicinal (PharMedChem), Universidade Federal do Amapa, Macapa, Amapa, Brazil
| | - Kessia P A Sousa
- Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica e Medicinal (PharMedChem), Universidade Federal do Amapa, Macapa, Amapa, Brazil
| | - Jaderson V Ferreira
- Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica e Medicinal (PharMedChem), Universidade Federal do Amapa, Macapa, Amapa, Brazil
| | - Elias C Padilha
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus Araraquara, Departamento de Principios Ativos Naturais e Toxicologia, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos H T P da Silva
- Laboratório Computacional de Química Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, School of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Carlton A Taft
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lorane I S Hage-Melim
- Laboratorio de Quimica Farmaceutica e Medicinal (PharMedChem), Universidade Federal do Amapa, Macapa, Amapa, Brazil
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5
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Zhang Y, Burock MA. Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonian Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Front Neurol 2020; 11:531993. [PMID: 33101169 PMCID: PMC7546271 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.531993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) allows measuring fractional anisotropy and similar microstructural indices of the brain white matter. Lower than normal fractional anisotropy as well as higher than normal diffusivity is associated with loss of microstructural integrity and neurodegeneration. Previous DTI studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) have demonstrated abnormal fractional anisotropy in multiple white matter regions, particularly in the dopaminergic nuclei and dopaminergic pathways. However, DTI is not considered a diagnostic marker for the earliest Parkinson's disease since anisotropic alterations present a temporally divergent pattern during the earliest Parkinson's course. This article reviews a majority of clinically employed DTI studies in PD, and it aims to prove the utilities of DTI as a marker of diagnosing PD, correlating clinical symptomatology, tracking disease progression, and treatment effects. To address the challenge of DTI being a diagnostic marker for early PD, this article also provides a comparison of the results from a longitudinal, early stage, multicenter clinical cohort of Parkinson's research with previous publications. This review provides evidences of DTI as a promising marker for monitoring PD progression and classifying atypical PD types, and it also interprets the possible pathophysiologic processes under the complex pattern of fractional anisotropic changes in the first few years of PD. Recent technical advantages, limitations, and further research strategies of clinical DTI in PD are additionally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Marc A Burock
- Department of Psychiatry, Mainline Health, Bryn Mawr Hospital, Bryn Mawr, PA, United States
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6
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Di Tella S, Baglio F, Pelizzari L, Cabinio M, Nemni R, Traficante D, Silveri MC. Uncinate fasciculus and word selection processing in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychologia 2020; 146:107504. [PMID: 32485199 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We explored with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) technique whether the ability to select words among competitive alternatives during word production is related to the integrity of the left uncinate fasciculus (UF) in Parkinson's disease (PD). Nineteen PD patients (10 right-sided and 9 left-sided) and 17 matched healthy controls (HC) took part in the study. Participants were asked to derive nouns from verbs (reading from to read) or to generate verbs from nouns (to build from building). Noun and verb production, in this task, differ in the number of lexical entries among which the response is selected, as the noun must be selected from a larger number of alternatives compared to the verb, and thus is more demanding of processing resources. DTI evaluation was obtained for each subject. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps were derived from DTI and median FA and MD values were computed within the left and right UF. Then, FA and MD of the left and right UF were correlated with noun and verb production. Both the left and right UF-FA correlated with the global (noun + verb) production and noun production in the whole PD group. In right-sided PD, correlations were found with the contralateral UF-FA; in left-sided PD the correlations emerged with both the left and right UF-FA. The most difficult task, noun production, significantly correlated with the right UF-FA in left-sided PD. The left UF is involved in word selection processes, and the right UF intervenes when the selection is particularly demanding of attentional resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Di Tella
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via A. Capecelatro, 66, 20148, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Baglio
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via A. Capecelatro, 66, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pelizzari
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via A. Capecelatro, 66, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | - Monia Cabinio
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via A. Capecelatro, 66, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaello Nemni
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via A. Capecelatro, 66, 20148, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Traficante
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123, Milan, Italy
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7
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Hope TR, Selnes P, Rektorová I, Anderkova L, Nemcova-Elfmarkova N, Balážová Z, Dale A, Bjørnerud A, Fladby T. Diffusion tensor and restriction spectrum imaging reflect different aspects of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217922. [PMID: 31150514 PMCID: PMC6544302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To meet the need for Parkinson's disease biomarkers and evidence for amount and distribution of pathological changes, MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been explored in a number of previous studies. However, conflicting results warrant further investigations. As tissue microstructure, particularly of the grey matter, is heterogeneous, a more precise diffusion model may benefit tissue characterization. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diffusion-based imaging technique restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) and DTI, and their ability to detect microstructural changes within brain regions associated with motor function in Parkinson's disease. Diffusion weighted (DW) MR images of a total of 100 individuals, (46 Parkinson's disease patients and 54 healthy controls) were collected using b-values of 0-4000s/mm2. Output diffusion-based maps were estimated based on the RSI-model combining the full set of DW-images (Cellular Index (CI), Neurite Density (ND)) and DTI-model combining b = 0 and b = 1000 s/mm2 (fractional anisotropy (FA), Axial-, Mean- and Radial diffusivity (AD, MD, RD)). All parametric maps were analyzed in a voxel-wise group analysis, with focus on typical brain regions associated with Parkinson's disease pathology. CI, ND and DTI diffusivity metrics (AD, MD, RD) demonstrated the ability to differentiate between groups, with strongest performance within the thalamus, prone to pathology in Parkinson's disease. Our results indicate that RSI may improve the predictive power of diffusion-based MRI, and provide additional information when combined with the standard diffusivity measurements. In the absence of major atrophy, diffusion techniques may reveal microstructural pathology. Our results suggest that protocols for MRI diffusion imaging may be adapted to more sensitive detection of pathology at different sites of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuva R. Hope
- Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Per Selnes
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Loerenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Irena Rektorová
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University and St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomira Anderkova
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Zuzana Balážová
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anders Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Deparment of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Deparment of Cognitive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Atle Bjørnerud
- Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Loerenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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8
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Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging changes in early Parkinson’s disease: ICICLE-PD study. J Neurol 2018; 265:1528-1539. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-8873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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9
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Delli Pizzi S, Bellomo RG, Carmignano SM, Ancona E, Franciotti R, Supplizi M, Barassi G, Onofrj M, Bonanni L, Saggini R. Rehabilitation program based on sensorimotor recovery improves the static and dynamic balance and modifies the basal ganglia neurochemistry: A pilot 1H-MRS study on Parkinson's disease patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8732. [PMID: 29390267 PMCID: PMC5815679 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation interventions represent an alternative strategy to pharmacological treatment in order to slow or reverse some functional aspects of disability in Parkinson's disease (PD). To date, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying rehabilitation-mediated improvement in PD patients are still poorly understood. Interestingly, growing evidence has highlighted a key role of the glutamate in neurogenesis and brain plasticity. The brain levels of glutamate, and of its precursor glutamine, can be detected in vivo and noninvasively as "Glx" by means of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS). In the present pilot study, 7 PD patients with frequent falls and axial dystonia underwent 8-week rehabilitative protocol focused on sensorimotor improvement. Clinical evaluation and Glx quantification were performed before and after rehabilitation. The Glx assessment was focused on the basal ganglia in agreement with their key role in the motor functions. We found that the rehabilitation program improves the static and dynamic balance in PD patients, promoting a better global motor performance. Moreover, we observed that the levels of Glx within the left basal ganglia were higher after rehabilitation as compared with baseline. Thus, we posit that our sensorimotor rehabilitative protocol could stimulate the glutamate metabolism in basal ganglia and, in turn, neuroplasticity processes. We also hypothesize that these mechanisms could prepare the ground to restore the functional interaction among brain areas deputed to motor controls, which are affected in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Delli Pizzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara
| | - Rosa Grazia Bellomo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Oral and Biotechnology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simona Maria Carmignano
- Department of Medical Sciences, Oral and Biotechnology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Emilio Ancona
- Department of Medical Sciences, Oral and Biotechnology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaella Franciotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara
| | - Marco Supplizi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Oral and Biotechnology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barassi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Oral and Biotechnology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara
| | - Raoul Saggini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Oral and Biotechnology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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10
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Cao H, Shi J, Cao B, Kang B, Zhang M, Qu Q. Evaluation of the Braak staging of brain pathology with 1 H-MRS in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett 2017; 660:57-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Météreau E, Beaudoin-Gobert M, Duperrier S, Thobois S, Tremblay L, Sgambato-Faure V. Diffusion tensor imaging marks dopaminergic and serotonergic lesions in the Parkinsonian monkey. Mov Disord 2017; 33:298-309. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Météreau
- Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod; Bron France
| | - Maude Beaudoin-Gobert
- Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod; Bron France
| | - Sandra Duperrier
- Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod; Bron France
| | - Stéphane Thobois
- Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod; Bron France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer; Lyon France
| | - Léon Tremblay
- Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod; Bron France
| | - Véronique Sgambato-Faure
- Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod; Bron France
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Li M, Wang K, Su WT, Jia J, Wang XM. Effects of Electroacupuncture on Metabolic Changes in Motor Cortex and Striatum of 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Parkinsonian Rats. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 26:701-708. [PMID: 28986816 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2975-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the possible underlying mechanism by investigating the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on the primary motor cortex and striatum in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced rat Parkinson's disease (PD) model. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=16), model group (n=14), and EA group (n=14). EA stimulation at Dazhui (GV 14) and Baihui (GV20) was applied to PD rats in the EA group for 4 weeks. Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of EA treatment. Metabolites were detected by 7.0 T proton nuclear magnetic resonance. RESULTS Following 4 weeks of EA treatment in PD model rats, the abnormal behavioral impairment induced by 6-OHDA was alleviated. In monitoring changes in metabolic activity, ratios of myoinositol/creatine (Cr) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/Cr in the primary motor cortex were significantly lower at the injected side than the non-injected side in PD rats (P=0.024 and 0.020). The ratios of glutamate + glutamine (Glx)/Cr and NAA/Cr in the striatum were higher and lower, respectively, at the injected side than the non-injected side (P=0.046 and 0.008). EA treatment restored the balance of metabolic activity in the primary motor cortex and striatum. In addition, the taurine/Cr ratio and Glx/Cr ratio were elevated in the striatum of PD model rats compared to sham-lesioned rats (P=0.026 and 0.000). EA treatment alleviated the excessive glutamatergic transmission by down-regulating the striatal Glx/Cr ratio (P=0.001). The Glx/Cr ratio was negatively correlated with floor plane spontaneous locomotion in PD rats (P=0.027 and P=0.0007). CONCLUSIONS EA treatment is able to normalize the metabolic balance in the primary motor cortex and striatum of PD rats, which may contribute to its therapeutic effect on motor deficits. The striatal Glx/Cr ratio may serve as a potential indicator of PD and a therapeutic target of EA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wen-Ting Su
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China.
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13
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de Oliveira RV, Pereira JS. The role of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson's disease and in the differential diagnosis with atypical parkinsonism. Radiol Bras 2017; 50:250-257. [PMID: 28894333 PMCID: PMC5586516 DOI: 10.1590/0100-3984.2016-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases.
Clinically, it is characterized by motor symptoms. Parkinson's disease should be
differentiated from atypical parkinsonism conditions. Conventional magnetic
resonance imaging is the primary imaging method employed in order to facilitate
the differential diagnosis, and its role has grown after the development of
advanced techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging. The purpose of this
article was to review the role of magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson's
disease and in the differential diagnosis with atypical parkinsonism,
emphasizing the diffusion technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romulo Varella de Oliveira
- Full Member of the Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem (CBR), Masters Student in the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences at the Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), MD, Radiologist at the Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto (HUPE) and at the Clínica Alta Excelência Diagnóstica (DASA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Santos Pereira
- PhD, Full Member of the Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABN), Associate Professor, Coordinator of the Movement Disorders Sector of the Neurology Department of the Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (HUPE-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Gloria C, Nie SD. Diffusion kurtosis imaging for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease: A novel software tool proposal. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 25:XST16214. [PMID: 28339422 DOI: 10.3233/xst-16214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to diagnose Parkinson disease (PD) at an early stage, it is important to develop a sensitive method for detecting structural changes in the substantia nigra (SN). Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have become important tools in supporting diagnosis of PD, with findings based on increased apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) in basal ganglia and decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in SN. Based on the hypothesis that a diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) theory is a valuable method for PD diagnosis based on the non-Gaussian diffusion of water in biologic systems, the purpose of this study is to develop an image processing scheme (software) based on Image-J for the facilitating the application of DKI to assist PD diagnosis. Using the new DKI software enables to estimate the diffusional kurtosis and diffusion coefficients, which reflect the structural differences between regions of interest. The experimental results of applying the new software showed that diffusional kurtosis was highly sensitive to microstructural tissue changes, which were not noticeable in the diffusion coefficient values. Thus, the study results may suggest that applying the new image processing software can be useful for assessing tissue structural abnormalities, monitoring and following disease progression.
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Lu CS, Ng SH, Weng YH, Cheng JS, Lin WY, Wai YY, Chen YL, Wang JJ. Alterations of diffusion tensor MRI parameters in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with normal brains: possible diagnostic use. Eur Radiol 2016; 26:3978-3988. [PMID: 26945764 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the diagnostic performance of diffusion tensor imaging in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS We examined a total of 126 PD patients (68 males/58 females, mean age: 62.0 ±7.6 years) and 91 healthy controls (43 males/48 females, mean age: 59.8 ±7.2 years). Images were acquired on a 3 Tesla magnetic resonance scanner. The Camino software was used to normalize and parcellate diffusion-weighted images into 90 cerebral regions based on the automatic anatomical labelling template. The minimum, median, and maximum values of the mean/radial/axial diffusivity/fractional anisotropy were determined. The diagnostic performance was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The associations of imaging parameters with disease severity were tested using Pearson's correlation coefficients after adjustment for disease duration. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, PD patients showed increased diffusivity in multiple cortical regions that extended beyond the basal ganglia. An area under curve of 85 % was identified for the maximum values of mean diffusivity in the ipsilateral middle temporal gyrus. The most significant intergroup difference was 26.8 % for the ipsilateral inferior parietal gyrus. CONCLUSION The measurement of water diffusion from the parcellated cortex may be clinically useful for the assessment of PD patients. KEY POINTS • Increased diffusivity was identified in multiple cortical regions of Parkinson's disease patients. • The area under the receiver operating curve was 85 % in the middle temporal gyrus. • The ipsilateral inferior parietal gyrus showed the most significant change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Song Lu
- Division of Movement Disorders,Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hang Ng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 WenHua 1st Road, Taoyuan County, 333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Weng
- Division of Movement Disorders,Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jur-Shan Cheng
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wey-Yil Lin
- Division of Movement Disorders,Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Yau Wai
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Liang Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 WenHua 1st Road, Taoyuan County, 333, Taiwan.
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University / Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Febo M, Foster TC. Preclinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Studies of Memory, Aging, and Cognitive Decline. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:158. [PMID: 27468264 PMCID: PMC4942756 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging provides for non-invasive evaluation of brain structure and activity and has been employed to suggest possible mechanisms for cognitive aging in humans. However, these imaging procedures have limits in terms of defining cellular and molecular mechanisms. In contrast, investigations of cognitive aging in animal models have mostly utilized techniques that have offered insight on synaptic, cellular, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms affecting memory. Studies employing magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI and MRS, respectively) in animal models have emerged as an integrative set of techniques bridging localized cellular/molecular phenomenon and broader in vivo neural network alterations. MRI methods are remarkably suited to longitudinal tracking of cognitive function over extended periods permitting examination of the trajectory of structural or activity related changes. Combined with molecular and electrophysiological tools to selectively drive activity within specific brain regions, recent studies have begun to unlock the meaning of fMRI signals in terms of the role of neural plasticity and types of neural activity that generate the signals. The techniques provide a unique opportunity to causally determine how memory-relevant synaptic activity is processed and how memories may be distributed or reconsolidated over time. The present review summarizes research employing animal MRI and MRS in the study of brain function, structure, and biochemistry, with a particular focus on age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry, William L. and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, William L. and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
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17
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Basic Principles and Clinical Applications of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Neuroradiology. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2016; 40:1-13. [PMID: 26484954 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful tool to assist daily clinical diagnostics. This review is intended to give an overview on basic principles of the technology, discuss some of its technical aspects, and present typical applications in daily clinical routine in neuroradiology.
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Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging of Substantia Nigra Is a Sensitive Method for Early Diagnosis and Disease Evaluation in Parkinson's Disease. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2015; 2015:207624. [PMID: 26770867 PMCID: PMC4681830 DOI: 10.1155/2015/207624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. To diagnose Parkinson disease (PD) in an early stage and accurately evaluate severity, it is important to develop a sensitive method for detecting structural changes in the substantia nigra (SN). Method. Seventy-two untreated patients with early PD and 72 healthy controls underwent diffusion tensor and diffusion kurtosis imaging. Regions of interest were drawn in the rostral, middle, and caudal SN by two blinded and independent raters. Mean kurtosis (MK) and fractional anisotropy in the SN were compared between the groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Spearman correlation analyses were used to compare the diagnostic accuracy and correlate imaging findings with Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) staging and part III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III). Result. MK in the SN was increased significantly in PD patients compared with healthy controls. The area under the ROC curve was 0.976 for MK in the SN (sensitivity, 0.944; specificity, 0.917). MK in the SN had a positive correlation with H-Y staging and UPDRS-III scores. Conclusion. Diffusion kurtosis imaging is a sensitive method for PD diagnosis and severity evaluation. MK in the SN is a potential biomarker for imaging studies of early PD that can be widely used in clinic.
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de Celis Alonso B, Hidalgo-Tobón SS, Menéndez-González M, Salas-Pacheco J, Arias-Carrión O. Magnetic Resonance Techniques Applied to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2015; 6:146. [PMID: 26191037 PMCID: PMC4490248 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects at least 10 million people worldwide. It is a neurodegenerative disease, which is currently diagnosed by neurological examination. No neuroimaging investigation or blood biomarker is available to aid diagnosis and prognosis. Most effort toward diagnosis using magnetic resonance (MR) has been focused on the use of structural/anatomical neuroimaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). However, deep brain stimulation, a current strategy for treating PD, is guided by MR imaging (MRI). For clinical prognosis, diagnosis, and follow-up investigations, blood oxygen level-dependent MRI, DTI, spectroscopy, and transcranial magnetic stimulation have been used. These techniques represent the state of the art in the last 5 years. Here, we focus on MR techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito de Celis Alonso
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla , Mexico ; Fundación para el Desarrollo Carlos Sigüenza , Puebla , Mexico
| | - Silvia S Hidalgo-Tobón
- Departamento de Imagenología, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez" , Mexico City , Mexico ; Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa , Mexico City , Mexico
| | | | - José Salas-Pacheco
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango , Durango , Mexico
| | - Oscar Arias-Carrión
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento y Sueño (TMS), Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González , Mexico City , Mexico
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Goveas J, O'Dwyer L, Mascalchi M, Cosottini M, Diciotti S, De Santis S, Passamonti L, Tessa C, Toschi N, Giannelli M. Diffusion-MRI in neurodegenerative disorders. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 33:853-76. [PMID: 25917917 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to image the whole brain through ever more subtle and specific methods/contrasts has come to play a key role in understanding the basis of brain abnormalities in several diseases. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), "diffusion" (i.e. the random, thermally-induced displacements of water molecules over time) represents an extraordinarily sensitive contrast mechanism, and the exquisite structural detail it affords has proven useful in a vast number of clinical as well as research applications. Since diffusion-MRI is a truly quantitative imaging technique, the indices it provides can serve as potential imaging biomarkers which could allow early detection of pathological alterations as well as tracking and possibly predicting subtle changes in follow-up examinations and clinical trials. Accordingly, diffusion-MRI has proven useful in obtaining information to better understand the microstructural changes and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying various neurodegenerative disorders. In this review article, we summarize and explore the main applications, findings, perspectives as well as challenges and future research of diffusion-MRI in various neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease and degenerative ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Goveas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, and Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Laurence O'Dwyer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mario Mascalchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Quantitative and Functional Neuroradiology Research Program at Meyer Children and Careggi Hospitals of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Department of Translational Research and New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Unit of Neuroradiology, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Diciotti
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi", University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Silvia De Santis
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luca Passamonti
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlo Tessa
- Division of Radiology, "Versilia" Hospital, AUSL 12 Viareggio, Lido di Camaiore, Italy
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Medical Physics Section, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marco Giannelli
- Unit of Medical Physics, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Pisa, Italy.
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Correlations between plasma levels of amino acids and nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 122:411-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Yuan YS, Zhou XJ, Tong Q, Zhang L, Zhang L, Qi ZQ, Ge S, Zhang KZ. Change in plasma levels of amino acid neurotransmitters and its correlation with clinical heterogeneity in early Parkinson's disease patients. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 19:889-96. [PMID: 23981689 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation between plasma amino acid (AA) neurotransmitters and clinical heterogeneity in early patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is still poorly understood. AIMS To examine the plasma levels of AA neurotransmitters in early patients with PD and to evaluate their correlation with PD subtypes. METHODS Based on the predominant symptoms, fifty-one patients with PD were enrolled and divided into four subgroups: (1) akinetic-rigid type (ART), (2) tremor-dominant type (TDT), (3) postural instability/gait difficulty type (PIGD), and (4) mixed type (MT). Plasma levels of AA were measured by HPLC-RF, and their potential diagnostic practicality and their association with PD subtypes were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and correlation analysis, respectively. RESULTS Patients with PD exhibited markedly lower levels of Asp, Glu, Tau, L-ser, and lower values of Glu/GABA ratio than healthy controls. The ROC analysis revealed their high sensitivity (77.1-87.5%) and specificity (58.8-88.2%). Furthermore, the glutamic acid (Glu), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level in the PIGD subtype was increased as compared with other subtypes and was negatively correlated with the ART/PIGD ratio. CONCLUSION The decrease in plasma Asp, Glu, Tau, L-ser levels, and the value of Glu/GABA ratio may be helpful for early PD diagnosis. The elevated GABA level may be the biochemical basis for the specific symptoms of PIGD PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sheng Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Diffusion tensor imaging and correlations to Parkinson rating scales. J Neurol 2013; 260:2823-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-7080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Mohamed NE, Howlett DR, Ma L, Francis PT, Aarsland D, Ballard CG, McKeith IG, Chen CP, Lai MKP. Decreased immunoreactivities of neocortical AMPA receptor subunits correlate with motor disability in Lewy body dementias. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2013; 121:71-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-013-1067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Theilmann RJ, Reed JD, Song DD, Huang MX, Lee RR, Litvan I, Harrington DL. White-matter changes correlate with cognitive functioning in Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol 2013; 4:37. [PMID: 23630517 PMCID: PMC3624087 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2013.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings from emerging studies of cortical white-matter integrity in Parkinson’s disease (PD) without dementia are inconclusive. When white-matter changes have been found, their relationship to cognitive functioning in PD has not been carefully investigated. To better characterize changes in tissue diffusivity and to understand their functional significance, the present study conducted DTI in 25 PD patients without dementia and 26 controls of similar ages. An automated tract-based DTI method was used. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were analyzed. Neuropsychological measures of executive functioning (working memory, verbal fluency, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control) and visuospatial ability were then correlated with regions of interest that showed abnormal diffusivity in the PD group. We found widespread reductions in FA and increases in MD in the PD group relative to controls. These changes were predominantly related to an increase in RD. Increased AD in the PD group was limited to specific frontal tracks of the right hemisphere, possibly signifying more significant tissue changes. Motor symptom severity did not correlate with FA. However, different measures of executive functioning and visuospatial ability correlated with FA in different segments of tracts, which contain fiber pathways to cortical regions that are thought to support specific cognitive processes. The findings suggest that abnormal tissue diffusivity may be sensitive to subtle cognitive changes in PD, some of which may be prognostic of future cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Theilmann
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
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26
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Delli Pizzi S, Rossi C, Di Matteo V, Esposito E, Guarnieri S, Mariggiò MA, Franciotti R, Caulo M, Thomas A, Onofrj M, Tartaro A, Bonanni L. Morphological and metabolic changes in the nigro-striatal pathway of synthetic proteasome inhibitor (PSI)-treated rats: a MRI and MRS study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56501. [PMID: 23431380 PMCID: PMC3576393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic administration of a Synthetic Proteasome Inhibitor (PSI) in rats has been described as able to provide a model of Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized by behavioral and biochemical modifications, including loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), as assessed by post-mortem studies. With the present study we aimed to assess in-vivo by Magnetic Resonance (MR) possible morphological and metabolic changes in the nigro-striatal pathway of PSI-treated rats. 10 animals were subcutaneously injected with PSI 6.0 mg/kg dissolved in DMSO 100%. Injections were made thrice weekly over the course of two weeks. 5 more animals injected with DMSO 100% with the same protocol served as controls. The animals underwent MR sessions before and at four weeks after the end of treatment with either PSI or vehicle. MR Imaging was performed to measure SN volume and Proton MR Spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) was performed to measure metabolites changes at the striatum. Animals were also assessed for motor function at baseline and at 4 and 6 weeks after treatment. Dopamine and dopamine metabolite levels were measured in the striata at 6 weeks after treatment. PSI-treated animals showed volumetric reduction of the SN (p<0.02) at 4 weeks after treatment as compared to baseline. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed MRI changes in SN showing a reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase expression as compared to neuron-specific enolase expression. A reduction of N-acetyl-aspartate/total creatine ratio (p = 0.05) and an increase of glutamate-glutamine-γ amminobutirrate/total creatine were found at spectroscopy (p = 0.03). At 6 weeks after treatment, PSI-treated rats also showed motor dysfunction compared to baseline (p = 0.02), accompanied by dopamine level reduction in the striatum (p = 0.02). Treatment with PSI produced morphological and metabolic modifications of the nigro-striatal pathway, accompanied by motor dysfunction. MR demonstrated to be a powerful mean to assess in-vivo the nigro-striatal pathway morphology and metabolism in the PSI-based PD animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Delli Pizzi
- ITAB, “G. D’Annunzio University”, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Cosmo Rossi
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “Gabriele d’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Matteo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (Chieti), Italy
| | - Ennio Esposito
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (Chieti), Italy
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Maria Addolorata Mariggiò
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Caulo
- ITAB, “G. D’Annunzio University”, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Astrid Thomas
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Armando Tartaro
- ITAB, “G. D’Annunzio University”, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and CE.S.I. Aging Research Center, University G.d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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Prakash BD, Sitoh YY, Tan LC, Au WL. Asymmetrical diffusion tensor imaging indices of the rostral substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012; 18:1029-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rae CL, Correia MM, Altena E, Hughes LE, Barker RA, Rowe JB. White matter pathology in Parkinson's disease: the effect of imaging protocol differences and relevance to executive function. Neuroimage 2012; 62:1675-84. [PMID: 22713671 PMCID: PMC3413883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly used as a non-invasive method to investigate white matter structure in neurological and neuropsychiatric disease. However, many options are available for the acquisition sequence and analysis method. Here we used Parkinson's disease as a model neurodegenerative disorder to compare imaging protocols and analysis options. We investigated fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of white matter in patients and age-matched controls, comparing two datasets acquired with different imaging protocols. One protocol prioritised the number of b value acquisitions, whilst the other prioritised the number of gradient directions. The dataset with more gradient directions was more sensitive to reductions in fractional anisotropy in Parkinson's disease, whilst the dataset with more b values was more sensitive to increases in mean diffusivity. Moreover, the areas of reduced fractional anisotropy were highly similar to areas of increased mean diffusivity in PD patients. Next, we compared two widely used analysis methods: tract-based spatial statistics identified reduced fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity in Parkinson's disease in many of the major white matter tracts in the frontal and parietal lobes. Voxel-based analyses were less sensitive, with similar patterns of white matter pathology observed only at liberal statistical thresholds. We also used tract-based spatial statistics to identify correlations between a test of executive function (phonemic fluency), fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity in prefrontal white matter in both Parkinson's disease patients and controls. These findings suggest that in Parkinson's disease there is widespread pathology of cerebral white matter, and furthermore, pathological white matter in the frontal lobe may be associated with executive dysfunction. Diffusion imaging protocols that prioritised the number of directions versus the number of b values were differentially sensitive to alternative markers of white matter pathology, such as fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity.
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Key Words
- dti, diffusion tensor imaging
- fa, fractional anisotropy
- fwe, family-wise error
- h&y, hoehn and yahr
- md, mean diffusivity
- mmse, mini-mental state examination
- mr, magnetic resonance
- pd, parkinson's disease
- tbss, tract-based spatial statistics
- tfce, threshold-free cluster enhancement
- updrs, unified parkinson's disease rating scale
- dti
- tbss
- vbm
- parkinson's disease
- executive function
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L. Rae
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, UK,Corresponding author at: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, UK. Fax: + 44 1223 359062.
| | | | - Ellemarije Altena
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Laura E. Hughes
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, UK,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Roger A. Barker
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK,Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK
| | - James B. Rowe
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, UK,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
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Towards a glutamate hypothesis of depression: an emerging frontier of neuropsychopharmacology for mood disorders. Neuropharmacology 2011; 62:63-77. [PMID: 21827775 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Half a century after the first formulation of the monoamine hypothesis, compelling evidence implies that long-term changes in an array of brain areas and circuits mediating complex cognitive-emotional behaviors represent the biological underpinnings of mood/anxiety disorders. A large number of clinical studies suggest that pathophysiology is associated with dysfunction of the predominant glutamatergic system, malfunction in the mechanisms regulating clearance and metabolism of glutamate, and cytoarchitectural/morphological maladaptive changes in a number of brain areas mediating cognitive-emotional behaviors. Concurrently, a wealth of data from animal models have shown that different types of environmental stress enhance glutamate release/transmission in limbic/cortical areas and exert powerful structural effects, inducing dendritic remodeling, reduction of synapses and possibly volumetric reductions resembling those observed in depressed patients. Because a vast majority of neurons and synapses in these areas and circuits use glutamate as neurotransmitter, it would be limiting to maintain that glutamate is in some way 'involved' in mood/anxiety disorders; rather it should be recognized that the glutamatergic system is a primary mediator of psychiatric pathology and, potentially, also a final common pathway for the therapeutic action of antidepressant agents. A paradigm shift from a monoamine hypothesis of depression to a neuroplasticity hypothesis focused on glutamate may represent a substantial advancement in the working hypothesis that drives research for new drugs and therapies. Importantly, despite the availability of multiple classes of drugs with monoamine-based mechanisms of action, there remains a large percentage of patients who fail to achieve a sustained remission of depressive symptoms. The unmet need for improved pharmacotherapies for treatment-resistant depression means there is a large space for the development of new compounds with novel mechanisms of action such as glutamate transmission and related pathways. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Anxiety and Depression'.
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