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Hartley-Blossom ZJ, Digumarthy SR. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Applications in Lung Cancer. Radiol Clin North Am 2023; 61:987-994. [PMID: 37758365 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This article examines the intrathoracic applications for dual-energy computed tomography (DECT), focusing on lung cancer. The topics covered include the image data sets, methods for iodine quantification, and clinical applications. The applications of DECT are to differentiate benign and malignant lung nodules, determining the grade of lung cancer and expression of ki-67 expression. Iodine quantification has role in assessment of treatment response in both the primary tumor and nodal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Hartley-Blossom
- Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Subba R Digumarthy
- Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Patterns of Postoperative Changes in Lung Volume and Perfusion Assessed by Dual-Energy CT: Comparison of Lobectomy and Limited Resection. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2023; 220:660-671. [PMID: 36321980 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.22.28450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and perfusion scintigraphy have limited utility for evaluating postoperative changes in regional pulmonary function after lung cancer resection surgery. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to compare postoperative changes in lung volume and perfusion, as assessed by dual-energy CT (DECT), between patients undergoing surgical resection of lung cancer by lobectomy versus limited resection as well as to assess associations between such changes and the lobar location of the resected tumor. METHODS. This study entailed a retrospective post hoc analysis of a prospective study that enrolled patients awaiting lung cancer resection surgery between March 2019 and February 2020. Eighty-one patients (38 men and 43 women; mean age, 60.5 ± 8.9 [SD] years), 43 of whom underwent lobectomy and 38 of whom underwent limited resection, were included. Patients underwent thoracic DECT and PFT evaluation preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. Pulmonary lobes were segmented. Lobar lung volume and lung perfusion ratios (both relative to whole-lung values) were computed. Perfusion measures reflected DECT-derived iodine content. Patients completed 6-month postoperative quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaires. RESULTS. Patients undergoing lobectomy, compared with those undergoing limited resection, had greater increases in the lung volume ratio of the ipsilateral nonresected lobe(s) (mean, 42.3% ± 24.2% [SD] vs 22.9% ± 13.2%, p < .001) and the contralateral lung (mean, 14.6% ± 14.0% vs 6.4% ± 6.9%, p = .002) as well as greater increases in the lung perfusion ratio of the ipsilateral nonresected lobe(s) (mean, 39.9% ± 20.7% [SD] vs 22.8% ± 17.8%, p < .001) and the contralateral lung (mean, 20.9% ± 9.4% vs 4.3% ± 5.6%, p < .001). In patients with right lower lobe tumors, the largest postoperative increases in the lung volume ratio were in the right middle lobe in those undergoing lobectomy (mean, 44.1% ± 21.0%) and limited resection (mean, 24.6% ± 14.5%), whereas the largest postoperative increase in the lung perfusion ratio was in the left lower lobe in those undergoing lobectomy (mean, 53.9% ± 8.6%) and in the right middle lobe in those undergoing limited resection (mean, 32.5% ± 24.1%). Otherwise, the largest increases in lung volume and perfusion ratios occurred in the ipsilateral nonresected lobes (vs the contra-lateral lobes), regardless of the operative approach used and the lobar location. Changes in the lung volume and perfusion ratios in the ipsilateral lobe(s) and the contralateral lung showed weak correlations with certain quality-of-life scores (e.g., for role functioning: ρ = 0.234-0.279 [volume] and -0.233 to -0.284 [perfusion]). CONCLUSION. DECT depicts patterns of lung volume and perfusion changes after lung cancer surgery, depending on the surgical approach (lobectomy vs limited resection) used and the lobar location of the tumor. CLINICAL IMPACT. DECT-derived metrics can help understand variable physiologic impacts of lung cancer resection surgeries.
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Larici AR, Franchi P, Del Ciello A, Sica G, Coviello D, De Waure C, Cicchetti G, Rovere G, Storto ML, Farchione A, Calandriello L, D'Ambra G, Merlino B, Iezzi R, Marano R, Manfredi R. Role of delayed phase contrast-enhanced CT in the intra-thoracic staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): What does it add? Eur J Radiol 2021; 144:109983. [PMID: 34627107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate differences in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) intra-thoracic staging by using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (ce-CT) at the arterial phase (AP), at the arterial plus delayed phases (AP + DEP), and at the delayed phase (DEP), and to evaluate their potential impact on disease staging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two chest radiologists with different level of expertise and a general radiologist independently reviewed the chest CT exams of 150 patients with NSCLC; CT scans were performed 40 s (AP) and 60 s (DEP) after contrast material injection. Image assessment included three reading sessions: session A (AP), session B (AP + DEP) and session C (DEP). CT descriptors for the primary tumour (T), regional nodal involvement (N), and intra-thoracic metastases (M) were evaluated in each reading session. Readers had to assign a confidence level (CL) for the assessment of each descriptor and define the TNM stage. Friedman and Cochran Q test was used to compare the assessments of the 3 reading sessions; inter-reader agreement was determined (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient - ICC). RESULTS The CL was significantly higher in sessions B and C than in session A for all descriptors, with the exception of pulmonary arterial invasion. Primary tumour inner necrosis and regional nodal involvement were detected in a significantly higher number of cases in sessions B and C as compared to session A (p ≤ 0.001). DEP significantly changed N stage determination (p < 0.001), particularly N3, and excluded chest wall invasion (p = 0.05) and venous invasion (p = 0.001). The agreement was good among the 3 readers (ICC = 0.761) and excellent between the 2 chest radiologists (ICC ≥ 0.940), regardless of the contrast phase. CONCLUSIONS The 60-second DEP ce-CT for staging NSCLC significantly increased the readers' CL, changed the N stage determination, and helped excluding chest wall invasion and venous invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Larici
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Section of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Franchi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, G. Mazzini Hospital, Teramo, Italy
| | - Annemilia Del Ciello
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Sica
- Department of Radiology, Azienda ULSS N.1 Dolomiti Presidio Ospedaliero, Feltre e Lamon, Italy
| | - Davide Coviello
- Radiology, Ospedale Valdelsa-Campostaggia, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, Italy
| | - Chiara De Waure
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cicchetti
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Section of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rovere
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luigia Storto
- Bracco Diagnostics Inc, Global Medical and Regulatory Affairs, Monroe Twp, NJ, USA
| | - Alessandra Farchione
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Calandriello
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia D'Ambra
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Section of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Biagio Merlino
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Section of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Iezzi
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Section of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Marano
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Section of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Manfredi
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Section of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Hering DA, Kröger K, Bauer RW, Eich HT, Haverkamp U. Comparison of virtual non-contrast dual-energy CT and a true non-contrast CT for contouring in radiotherapy of 3D printed lung tumour models in motion: a phantom study. Br J Radiol 2020; 93:20200152. [PMID: 33002387 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20200152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This work aims to investigate whether virtual non-contrast (VNC) dual-energy CT(DECT) of contrasted lung tumours can be used as an alternative for true non-contrast (TNC) images in radiotherapy. Two DECT techniques and a TNC CT were compared and influences on gross tumour volume (GTV) volume and CT number from motion artefacts in three-dimensional printed lung tumour models (LTM) in amotion phantom were examined. METHODS Two spherical LTMs (diameter 3.0 cm) with different inner shapes were created in a three-dimensional printer. The inner shapes contained water or iodine (concentration 5 mg ml-1) and were scanned with a dual-source DECT (ds-DECT), single-source sequential DECT (ss-DECT) and TNC CT in a respiratory motion phantom (15 breaths/min, amplitude 1.5 cm). CT number and volume of LTMs were measured. Therefore, two GTVs were contoured. RESULTS Deviations in GTV volume (outer shape) of LTMs in motion for contrast-enhanced ss-DECT and ds-DECT VNC images compared to TNC images are not significant (p > 0.05). Relative GTV volume and CT number deviations (inner shapes) of LTMs in motion were 6.6 ± 0.6% and 104.4 ± 71.2 HU between ss-DECT and TNC CT and -8.4 ± 10.6% and 25.5 ± 58.5 HU between ds-DECT and TNC, respectively. CONCLUSION ss-DECT VNC images could not sufficiently subtract iodine from water in LTMs inmotion, whereas ds-DECT VNC images might be a valid alternative to a TNC CT. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE ds-DECT provides a contrasted image for contouring and a non-contrasted image for radiotherapy treatment planning for LTM in motion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai Kröger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ralf W Bauer
- RNS, Private Radiology and Radiation Therapy Group, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Hans Theodor Eich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Uwe Haverkamp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Zhang Z, Zou H, Yuan A, Jiang F, Zhao B, Liu Y, Chen J, Zuo M, Gong L. A Single Enhanced Dual-Energy CT Scan May Distinguish Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma From Adenocarcinoma During the Venous phase. Acad Radiol 2020; 27:624-629. [PMID: 31447258 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To investigate whether iodine quantification extracted from enhanced dual energy-computed tomography (DE-CT) is useful for distinguishing lung squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma and to evaluate whether a single scan evaluated during the venous phase (VP) can be substituted for scans evaluated during other phases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-two patients with lung cancer (32 squamous cell carcinomas; 30 adenocarcinomas) underwent enhanced dual-phase DE-CT scans, including an arterial phase and VP. The iodine concentration (IC), normalized iodine concentration (NIC), and slope of the curve (K) in lesions were measured during two scanning phases in two different pathological types of lung cancers. The differences in parameters (IC, NIC, and K) between these two types of lung cancers were statistically analyzed. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic curves of these parameters were performed to discriminate squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma. RESULTS The mean IC, NIC, and K in adenocarcinomas were all higher than those in squamous cell carcinomas during the two scanning phases. However, the differences in these parameters between the two types of cancers were significant only during the VP, not during the arterial phase. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that the optimal thresholds of the IC, NIC, and K for discriminating squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma were 1.550, 0.227, and 1.608, respectively. In addition, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were 81.2%, 83.3%, and 0.871 for the IC; 56.2%, 93.3%, and 0.800 for the NIC; and 65.6%, 80%, and 0.720 for the K; 81.3%, 83.3%, and 0.874 for the IC + NIC; 68.8%, 93.3%, and 0.891 for the IC + NIC + K, respectively. The "IC + NIC + K" had the highest diagnostic efficiency for discriminating two types of lung cancers, but with low sensitivity. Whereas, "IC"and "IC + NIC" had the similar lower diagnostic efficiency, but with high sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION The iodine quantification parameters derived from enhanced DE-CT during the VP may be useful for distinguishing lung squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma.
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Sekiguchi T, Ozawa Y, Hara M, Nakagawa M, Goto T, Shibamoto Y. Visibility of the hilar lymph nodes using advanced virtual monoenergetic low-keV images for preoperative evaluation of lung cancer. Br J Radiol 2019; 92:20180734. [PMID: 31430185 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to evaluate the visibility of the hilar lymph nodes (LNs) using advanced virtual monoenergetic low-keV images compared with early-phase contrast-enhanced CT. METHODS Dual energy contrast-enhanced CT was performed for pre-operative evaluation of lung cancer at 20 and 60 s after administration of contrast media in 50 patients (32 males and 18 females; mean age, 69 years). Five kinds of images (A: 20 s/120 kV; B: 60 s/40 keV; C: 60 s/50 keV; D: 60 s/120 kV; E: 60 s/100 kV) were reconstructed. We measured the CT number of the bilateral main pulmonary arteries (PAs), pulmonary veins (PVs) and hilar LNs, and evaluated the differences in CT number (Hounsfield units, HUs) between the PA/PV and LNs (PA-LN and PV-LN contrast). Artifacts from the superior vena cava (SVC) were also evaluated. RESULTS The mean PA-LN contrast (HU) was 415 in image group A, 299 in B, 180 in C, 80 in D, and 100 in E. The mean PV-LN contrasts in each group were 306, 287, 177, 78, and 99, respectively. Image group B showed the second highest PA-LN contrast following image group A. There was no significant difference in the PV-LN contrast between image groups A and B. The PA-LN and PV-LN contrasts of image groups B and C were significantly higher than those of E. SVC artifacts were lower in the delayed-phase images (Group B-E) than in Group A. CONCLUSION To evaluate the hilar LNs with a single image series, advanced virtual monoenergetic 40-keV imaging at the delayed 60-s phase seems to be the most valuable. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Advanced virtual monoenergetic image is useful for evaluation of both hilar LNs and tumors in the delayed phase without artifact derived from the streak artifact from dense contrast media in the SVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Sekiguchi
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yoshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Masaki Hara
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City West Medical Center
| | - Motoo Nakagawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Taeko Goto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
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Altenbernd J, Wetter A, Umutlu L, Hahn S, Ringelstein A, Forsting M, Lauenstein T. Dual-energy computed tomography for evaluation of pulmonary nodules with emphasis on metastatic lesions. Acta Radiol 2016; 57:437-43. [PMID: 25907120 DOI: 10.1177/0284185115582060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contrast enhancement of pulmonary nodules is a differential diagnostic criterion which can be helpful in staging investigations. PURPOSE To investigate the impact of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) with regards to the evaluation of pulmonary nodules with emphasis on metastatic lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS DECT scans of the thorax were performed in 70 consecutive patients. Data of the lung were acquired in the arterial and in delayed venous phase. The virtual native and overlay image data based on arterial and delayed venous phase of these lesions were compared using CT density values (HU) within the nodule tested for statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 156 pulmonary lesions ≥5 mm were identified on 70 DECT scans. There were no significant differences between the CT-value measurements in the virtual native images based on the arterial and delayed venous phase (27.9+/-3.9 HU vs.28.1+/-4.2 HU, P = 0.89) and between the CT-value measurements in the overlay images based on the arterial und delayed venous phase (35.5+/-6.8 HU vs. 36.6+/-5.0 HU, P = 0.75). Metastases of colorectal carcinoma (51.4+/-9.4 HU vs. 32.5+/-8.9 HU, P = 0.0001), malignant melanoma (56.1+/-6.4 HU vs. 34.2+/-1.6 HU, P = 0.0045), and thyroid cancer (53.5+/-15.5 HU vs. 15.7+/-4.2 HU, P = 0.001) showed a distinct wash-out, whereas metastases of lung cancer (23.1+/-6.3 HU vs. 58.6+/-4.8 HU, P = 0.001), salivary gland cancer (41.4+/-20.3 HU vs. 65.7+/-15.7 HU, P = 0.023), and sarcoma (56.2+/-7.4 HU vs. 90.2+/-3.4 HU, P = 0.001) had an increased enhancement in the delayed venous phase. CONCLUSION The contrast enhancement behavior of pulmonary metastases can be evaluated with DECT and depends on the type of the primary malignant tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Altenbernd
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Axel Wetter
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lale Umutlu
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Steffen Hahn
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Adrian Ringelstein
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Forsting
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Lauenstein
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Thaiss WM, Sauter AW, Bongers M, Horger M, Nikolaou K. Clinical applications for dual energy CT versus dynamic contrast enhanced CT in oncology. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84:2368-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ohana M, Labani A, Jeung M, Ghannudi S, Gaertner S, Roy C. Iterative reconstruction in single source dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography: Is it sufficient to achieve a radiation dose as low as state-of-the-art single-energy CTPA? Eur J Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Perspectives of Novel Imaging Techniques for Staging, Therapy Response Assessment, and Monitoring of Surveillance in Lung Cancer: Summary of the Dresden 2013 Post WCLC-IASLC State-of-the-Art Imaging Workshop. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 10:237-49. [DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ohana M, Jeung MY, Labani A, El Ghannudi S, Roy C. Thoracic dual energy CT: acquisition protocols, current applications and future developments. Diagn Interv Imaging 2014; 95:1017-26. [PMID: 24780370 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to a simultaneous acquisition at high and low kilovoltage, dual energy computed tomography (DECT) can achieve material-based decomposition (iodine, water, calcium, etc.) and reconstruct images at different energy levels (40 to 140keV). Post-processing uses this potential to maximise iodine detection, which elicits demonstrated added value for chest imaging in acute and chronic embolic diseases (increases the quality of the examination and identifies perfusion defects), follow-up of aortic endografts and detection of contrast uptake in oncology. In CT angiography, these unique features are taken advantage of to reduce the iodine load by more than half. This review article aims to set out the physical basis for the technology, the acquisition and post-processing protocols used, its proven advantages in chest pathologies, and to present future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ohana
- Department of Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - M Y Jeung
- Department of Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - A Labani
- Department of Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - S El Ghannudi
- Department of Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - C Roy
- Department of Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Diffusion-weighted MR imaging vs. multi-detector row CT: Direct comparison of capability for assessment of management needs for anterior mediastinal solitary tumors. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83:835-42. [PMID: 24636535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the capability of diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) and CT for assessment of management needs for anterior mediastinal solitary tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients with pathologically confirmed anterior mediastinal tumors were enrolled. The tumors were divided into two groups according to need for management: tumors not needing further intervention or treatment (group A; thymoma type A, AB and B1) and tumors needing further intervention and treatment (group B; other thymoma types and malignancies). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of each tumor was measured, and probabilities of malignancy and need for further intervention and treatment were visually assessed on CT. The differences in ADCs between group A and B and between malignancies and thymomas in group B were evaluated with the Mann-Whitney's U-test. Feasible threshold values for differentiation of group B from group A and distinguishing malignancies from thymomas assessed as group B were determined by the ROC-based positive test, and McNemar's test was used for comparing diagnostic capabilities of DWI with those of CT. RESULTS ADCs for the two groups were significantly different (p<0.001). Application of the threshold value for differentiation of group B from A showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Application of the feasible threshold value for distinguishing malignant from thymomas assessed as group B showed that specificity (76.9%) and accuracy (85.2%) of DWI were significantly better than those of visual score (p<0.05). CONCLUSION DWI has useful potential for the assessment of management needs for anterior mediastinum solitary tumors as well as CT.
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Recent developments of dual-energy CT in oncology. Eur Radiol 2014; 24:930-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-3087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Zhang LJ, Yang GF, Wu SY, Xu J, Lu GM, Schoepf UJ. Dual-energy CT imaging of thoracic malignancies. Cancer Imaging 2013; 13:81-91. [PMID: 23470989 PMCID: PMC3596838 DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2013.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) plays a pivotal role in the detection, characterization, and staging of lung cancer and other thoracic malignancies. Since the introduction of clinically viable dual-energy CT techniques, substantial evidence has accumulated on the use of this modality for imaging chest malignancies. This article describes the principles of dual-energy CT along with suitable image acquisition, reconstruction, and postprocessing strategies for oncologic applications in the chest. The potential of dual-energy CT techniques for the detection, characterization, staging, and surveillance of chest malignancy, as well as the limitations of this modality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210002, China
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