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Gilligan TM, Sibilia F, Farrell D, Lyons D, Kennelly SP, Bokde ALW. No relationship between fornix and cingulum degradation and within-network decreases in functional connectivity in prodromal Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222977. [PMID: 31581245 PMCID: PMC6776361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The earliest changes in the brain due to Alzheimer's disease are associated with the neural networks related to memory function. We investigated changes in functional and structural connectivity among regions that support memory function in prodromal Alzheimer's disease, i.e., during the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage. METHODS Twenty-three older healthy controls and 25 adults with MCI underwent multimodal MRI scanning. Limbic white matter tracts-the fornix, parahippocampal cingulum, retrosplenial cingulum, subgenual cingulum and uncinate fasciculus-were reconstructed in ExploreDTI using constrained spherical deconvolution-based tractography. Using a network-of-interest approach, resting-state functional connectivity time-series correlations among sub-parcellations of the default mode and limbic networks, the hippocampus and the thalamus were calculated in Conn. ANALYSIS Controlling for age, education, and gender between group linear regressions of five diffusion-weighted measures and of resting state connectivity measures were performed per hemisphere. FDR-corrections were performed within each class of measures. Correlations of within-network Fisher Z-transformed correlation coefficients and the mean diffusivity per tract were performed. Whole-brain graph theory measures of cluster coefficient and average path length were inspecting using the resting state data. RESULTS & CONCLUSION MCI-related changes in white matter structure were found in the fornix, left parahippocampal cingulum, left retrosplenial cingulum and left subgenual cingulum. Functional connectivity decreases were observed in the MCI group within the DMN-a sub-network, between the hippocampus and sub-areas -a and -c of the DMN, between DMN-c and DMN-a, and, in the right hemisphere only between DMN-c and both the thalamus and limbic-a. No relationships between white matter tract 'integrity' (mean diffusivity) and within sub-network functional connectivity were found. Graph theory revealed that changes in the MCI group was mostly restricted to diminished between-neighbour connections of the hippocampi and of nodes within DMN-a and DMN-b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese M. Gilligan
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francesca Sibilia
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dervla Farrell
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Declan Lyons
- St Patrick’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Seán P. Kennelly
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Memory Assessment and Support Service, Department of Age-related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arun L. W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Peña-Bautista C, Vigor C, Galano JM, Oger C, Durand T, Ferrer I, Cuevas A, López-Cuevas R, Baquero M, López-Nogueroles M, Vento M, Hervás D, García-Blanco A, Cháfer-Pericás C. Plasma lipid peroxidation biomarkers for early and non-invasive Alzheimer Disease detection. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:388-394. [PMID: 29969716 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer Disease (AD) standard diagnosis is based on evaluations and biomarkers that are non-specific, expensive, or requires invasive sampling. Therefore, an early, and non-invasive diagnosis is required. As regards molecular mechanisms, recent research has shown that lipid peroxidation plays an important role. METHODS Well-defined participants groups were recruited. Lipid peroxidation compounds were determined in plasma using a validated analytical method. Statistical studies consisted of an elastic-net-penalized logistic regression adjustment. RESULTS The regression model fitted to the data included six variables (lipid peroxidation biomarkers) as potential predictors of early AD. This model achieved an apparent area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC-ROCs) of 0.883 and a bootstrap-validated AUC-ROC of 0.817. Calibration of the model showed very low deviations from real probabilities. CONCLUSION A satisfactory early diagnostic model has been obtained from plasma levels of 6 lipid peroxidation compounds, indicating the individual probability of suffering from early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Inés Ferrer
- Neurology Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Cuevas
- Neurology Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Baquero
- Neurology Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Máximo Vento
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Hervás
- Biostatistical Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana García-Blanco
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
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Qian L, Liu R, Qin R, Zhao H, Xu Y. The associated volumes of sub-cortical structures and cognitive domain in patients of Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 56:56-62. [PMID: 30029954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between sub-cortical structures alterations and the cognitive domains in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients, expected to find identifying sub-cortical structure markers of MCI progression to dementia. A total of 67 MCI patients (8 subjects refused to follow up) were recruited, who were divided into 21 stable MCI (sMCI) and 38 progress MCI (pMCI), according to cognitive assays. FreeSurfer software was used to perform volumetric measurements of the sub-cortical structures from 3.0 T magnetic resonance scans. Data revealed that pMCI subjects had lower scores in memory, language, executive and visual spatial compared with sMCI subjects. Compared with the sMCI group, the volume of the left thalamus, bilateral hippocampus, corpus callosum posterior and corpus callosum central was smaller in pMCI subjects. Partial correlation and general linear regression analysis showed that the left hippocampus was predicted region for memory, left thalamus was predicted region for language, executive and visual spatial. These current results suggest that the volumes of sub-cortical structures in stable MCI and progress MCI patients were heterogeneous. Among these regions, the left hippocampus was predicted region for memory, left thalamus was predicted region for language, executive and visual spatial, suggesting that these structures might be important for detecting the subtle effects of MCI patients' cognitive domain or to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention for MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Qian
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Nanjing Clinic Medicine Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Renyuan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Nanjing Clinic Medicine Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China; Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruomeng Qin
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Nanjing Clinic Medicine Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Nanjing Clinic Medicine Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Nanjing Clinic Medicine Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China.
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Morphological Biomarker Differentiating MCI Converters from Nonconverters: Longitudinal Evidence Based on Hemispheric Asymmetry. Behav Neurol 2018; 2018:3954101. [PMID: 29755611 PMCID: PMC5884406 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3954101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who may probably progress to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is important for better understanding the disease mechanisms and facilitating early treatments. In addition to the direct volumetric and thickness measurement based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hemispheric asymmetry could be a potential index to detect morphological variations in MCI patients with a high risk of conversion to AD. The present study collected a set of longitudinal MRI data from 53 MCI converters and nonconverters and investigated the asymmetry differences between groups. Asymmetry variation was observed in the medial temporal lobe, especially in the entorhinal cortex, between converters and nonconverters 3 years before the former developed AD. The proposed asymmetry analysis was observed to be sensitive to detect morphological changes between groups as compared to the methods of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and thickness measurement. Hemispheric asymmetry in specific brain regions as a neuroimaging biomarker can provide helpful information for prediction of MCI conversion.
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Mahjoub I, Mahjoub MA, Rekik I. Brain multiplexes reveal morphological connectional biomarkers fingerprinting late brain dementia states. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4103. [PMID: 29515158 PMCID: PMC5841319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) before conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is invaluable for patient treatment. Many works showed that MCI and AD affect functional and structural connections between brain regions as well as the shape of cortical regions. However, 'shape connections' between brain regions are rarely investigated -e.g., how morphological attributes such as cortical thickness and sulcal depth of a specific brain region change in relation to morphological attributes in other regions. To fill this gap, we unprecedentedly design morphological brain multiplexes for late MCI/AD classification. Specifically, we use structural T1-w MRI to define morphological brain networks, each quantifying similarity in morphology between different cortical regions for a specific cortical attribute. Then, we define a brain multiplex where each intra-layer represents the morphological connectivity network of a specific cortical attribute, and each inter-layer encodes the similarity between two consecutive intra-layers. A significant performance gain is achieved when using the multiplex architecture in comparison to other conventional network analysis architectures. We also leverage this architecture to discover morphological connectional biomarkers fingerprinting the difference between late MCI and AD stages, which included the right entorhinal cortex and right caudal middle frontal gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Mahjoub
- BASIRA lab, CVIP group, School of Science and Engineering, Computing, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- LATIS lab, ENISo - National Engineering School of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Islem Rekik
- BASIRA lab, CVIP group, School of Science and Engineering, Computing, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
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Kälin AM, Park MTM, Chakravarty MM, Lerch JP, Michels L, Schroeder C, Broicher SD, Kollias S, Nitsch RM, Gietl AF, Unschuld PG, Hock C, Leh SE. Subcortical Shape Changes, Hippocampal Atrophy and Cortical Thinning in Future Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:38. [PMID: 28326033 PMCID: PMC5339600 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of future treatments depends on biomarkers identifying patients with mild cognitive impairment at highest risk for transitioning to Alzheimer's disease. Here, we applied recently developed analysis techniques to investigate cross-sectional differences in subcortical shape and volume alterations in patients with stable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 23, age range 59–82, 47.8% female), future converters at baseline (n = 10, age range 66–84, 90% female) and at time of conversion (age range 68–87) compared to group-wise age and gender matched healthy control subjects (n = 23, age range 61–81, 47.8% female; n = 10, age range 66–82, 80% female; n = 10, age range 68–82, 70% female). Additionally, we studied cortical thinning and global and local measures of hippocampal atrophy as known key imaging markers for Alzheimer's disease. Apart from bilateral striatal volume reductions, no morphometric alterations were found in cognitively stable patients. In contrast, we identified shape alterations in striatal and thalamic regions in future converters at baseline and at time of conversion. These shape alterations were paralleled by Alzheimer's disease like patterns of left hemispheric morphometric changes (cortical thinning in medial temporal regions, hippocampal total and subfield atrophy) in future converters at baseline with progression to similar right hemispheric alterations at time of conversion. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that subcortical shape alterations may outperform hippocampal volume in identifying future converters at baseline. These results further confirm the key role of early cortical thinning and hippocampal atrophy in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease. But first and foremost, and by distinguishing future converters but not patients with stable cognitive abilities from cognitively normal subjects, our results support the value of early subcortical shape alterations and reduced hippocampal subfield volumes as potential markers for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Kälin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Min T M Park
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada; Departments of Psychiatry and Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lars Michels
- Clinic of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Clemens Schroeder
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sarah D Broicher
- Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Spyros Kollias
- Clinic of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger M Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Anton F Gietl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Paul G Unschuld
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hock
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sandra E Leh
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Schlieren, Switzerland
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Wang T, Shi F, Jin Y, Jiang W, Shen D, Xiao S. Abnormal Changes of Brain Cortical Anatomy and the Association with Plasma MicroRNA107 Level in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:112. [PMID: 27242521 PMCID: PMC4870937 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED MicroRNA107 (Mir107) has been thought to relate to the brain structure phenotype of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we evaluated the cortical anatomy in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and the relation between cortical anatomy and plasma levels of Mir107 and beta-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). Twenty aMCI (20 aMCI) and 24 cognitively normal control (NC) subjects were recruited, and T1-weighted MR images were acquired. Cortical anatomical measurements, including cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA), and local gyrification index (LGI), were assessed. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to examine plasma expression of Mir107, BACE1 mRNA. Thinner cortex was found in aMCI in areas associated with episodic memory and language, but with thicker cortex in other areas. SA decreased in aMCI in the areas associated with working memory and emotion. LGI showed a significant reduction in aMCI in the areas involved in language function. Changes in Mir107 and BACE1 messenger RNA plasma expression were correlated with changes in CT and SA. We found alterations in key left brain regions associated with memory, language, and emotion in aMCI that were significantly correlated with plasma expression of Mir107 and BACE1 mRNA. This combination study of brain anatomical alterations and gene information may shed lights on our understanding of the pathology of AD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01819545.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
- IDEA Lab, Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Feng Shi
- IDEA Lab, Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yan Jin
- IDEA Lab, Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weixiong Jiang
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Dinggang Shen
- IDEA Lab, Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Shifu Xiao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
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