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Sun Y, Tian D, Lu H, Zhao S, Chen Y, Ge M, Zeng M, Jin H. Diagnostic performance of 3.0 T unenhanced Dixon water-fat separation coronary MR angiography in patients with low-to-intermediate risk of coronary artery disease. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 107:8-14. [PMID: 38159873 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic performance of 3.0 T unenhanced compressed-sensing sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE) Dixon water-fat separation coronary MR angiography (CMRA) in patients with low-to-intermediate risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its ability to grade the severity of CAD based on Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS). METHODS A total of 55 patients who was clinically evaluated as low-to-intermediate risk of CAD were finally included to undergo both 3.0 T CS-SENSE water-fat separation CMRA and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and 11 of them also underwent X-ray coronary angiography (CAG). The severity of coronary artery disease was graded in patients who had completed both CCTA and CMRA examinations by the use of CAD-RADS reports for the patients with stable chest pain, and the diagnostic consistency between the two approaches was evaluated. Diagnostic performance of CMRA was assessed using the combination of CCTA and CAG as the reference standard for excluding or confirming CAD respectively. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of 3.0 T unenhanced water-fat separation coronary MRA were 90.0%, 95.0%, 81.8%, 97.4% and 94.0% for a patient-based analysis respectively. In comparison with CCTA, 3.0 T Dixon water-fat separation CMRA demonstrated excellent consistency in grading the severity of coronary heart disease according to CAD-RADS (0.77 for kappa value). CONCLUSION In the group of low-to-intermediate probability for CAD, 3.0 T unenhanced CS-SENSE Dixon water-fat separation CMRA can present satisfactory diagnostic performance for the exclusion of CAD with high sensitivity and negative predictive value as well as the evaluation of grading the severity of coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Di Tian
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongfei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shihai Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital (Minhang Meilong Branch), Fudan University and Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meiying Ge
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital (Minhang Meilong Branch), Fudan University and Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital (Minhang Meilong Branch), Fudan University and Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital (Minhang Meilong Branch), Fudan University and Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Shanghai 200237, China
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Wu X, Tang L, Li W, He S, Yue X, Peng P, Wu T, Zhang X, Wu Z, He Y, Chen Y, Huang J, Sun J. Feasibility of accelerated non-contrast-enhanced whole-heart bSSFP coronary MR angiography by deep learning-constrained compressed sensing. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:8180-8190. [PMID: 37209126 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine a compressed sensing artificial intelligence (CSAI) framework to accelerate image acquisition in non-contrast-enhanced whole-heart bSSFP coronary magnetic resonance (MR) angiography. METHODS Thirty healthy volunteers and 20 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) scheduled for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) were enrolled. Non-contrast-enhanced coronary MR angiography was performed with CSAI, compressed sensing (CS), and sensitivity encoding (SENSE) methods in healthy participants and with CSAI in patients. Acquisition time, subjective image quality score, and objective image quality measurement (blood pool homogeneity, signal-to-noise ratio [SNR], and contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) were compared among the three protocols. The diagnostic performance of CASI coronary MR angiography for predicting significant stenosis (≥ 50% diameter stenosis) on CCTA was evaluated. The Friedman test was performed to compare the three protocols. RESULTS Acquisition time was significantly shorter in the CSAI and CS groups than in the SENSE group (10.2 ± 3.2 min vs. 10.9 ± 2.9 min vs. 13.0 ± 4.1 min, p < 0.001). However, the CSAI approach had the highest image quality scores, blood pool homogeneity, mean SNR value, and mean CNR value (all p < 0.001) compared with the CS and SENSE approaches. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CSAI coronary MR angiography per patient were 87.5% (7/8), 91.7% (11/12), and 90.0% (18/20); those per vessel were 81.8% (9/11), 93.9% (46/49), and 91.7% (55/60); and those per segment were 84.6% (11/13), 98.0% (244/249), and 97.3% (255/262), respectively. CONCLUSIONS CSAI yielded superior image quality within a clinically feasible acquisition time in healthy participants and patients with suspected CAD. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The non-invasive and radiation-free CSAI framework could be a promising tool for rapid screening and comprehensive examination of the coronary vasculature in patients with suspected CAD. KEY POINTS • This prospective study showed that CSAI enables a reduction in acquisition time by 22% with superior diagnostic image quality compared with the SENSE protocol. • CSAI replaces the wavelet transform with a CNN as a sparsifying transform in the CS algorithm, achieving high coronary MR image quality with reduced noise. • CSAI achieved per-patient sensitivity of 87.5% (7/8) and specificity of 91.7% (11/12) respectively for detecting significant coronary stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanjiang Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun Yue
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengfei Peng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Wu X, Deng L, Li W, Peng P, Yue X, Tang L, Pu Q, Ming Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Chen Y, Huang J, Sun J. Deep Learning-Based Acceleration of Compressed Sensing for Noncontrast-Enhanced Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:1521-1530. [PMID: 36847756 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical application of coronary MR angiography (MRA) remains limited due to its long acquisition time and often unsatisfactory image quality. A compressed sensing artificial intelligence (CSAI) framework was recently introduced to overcome these limitations, but its feasibility in coronary MRA is unknown. PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic performance of noncontrast-enhanced coronary MRA with CSAI in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). STUDY TYPE Prospective observational study. POPULATION A total of 64 consecutive patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 59 ± 10 years, 48.4% females) with suspected CAD. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0-T, balanced steady-state free precession sequence. ASSESSMENT Three observers evaluated the image quality for 15 coronary segments of the right and left coronary arteries using a 5-point scoring system (1 = not visible; 5 = excellent). Image scores ≥3 were considered diagnostic. Furthermore, the detection of CAD with ≥50% stenosis was evaluated in comparison to reference standard coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Mean acquisition times for CSAI-based coronary MRA were measured. STATISTICAL TESTS For each patient, vessel and segment, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of CSAI-based coronary MRA for detecting CAD with ≥50% stenosis according to coronary CTA were calculated. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess the interobserver agreement. RESULTS The mean MR acquisition time ± SD was 8.1 ± 2.4 minutes. Twenty-five (39.1%) patients had CAD with ≥50% stenosis on coronary CTA and 29 (45.3%) patients on MRA. A total of 885 segments on the CTA images and 818/885 (92.4%) coronary MRA segments were diagnostic (image score ≥3). The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were as follows: per patient (92.0%, 84.6%, and 87.5%), per vessel (82.9%, 93.4%, and 91.1%), and per segment (77.6%, 98.2%, and 96.6%), respectively. The ICCs for image quality and stenosis assessment were 0.76-0.99 and 0.66-1.00, respectively. DATA CONCLUSION The image quality and diagnostic performance of coronary MRA with CSAI may show good results in comparison to coronary CTA in patients with suspected CAD. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1. TECHNICAL EFFICACY 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanjiang Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengfei Peng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun Yue
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Pu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Tian D, Sun Y, Guo JJ, Zhao SH, Lu HF, Chen YY, Ge MY, Zeng MS, Jin H. 3.0 T unenhanced Dixon water-fat separation whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography: compressed-sensing sensitivity encoding imaging versus conventional 2D sensitivity encoding imaging. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2023; 39:1775-1784. [PMID: 37428247 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-023-02878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate 3.0 T unenhanced Dixon water-fat whole-heart CMRA (coronary magnetic resonance angiography) using compressed-sensing sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE) and conventional sensitivity encoding (SENSE) in vitro and in vivo. The key parameters of CS-SENSE and conventional 1D/2D SENSE were compared in vitro phantom study. In vivo study, fifty patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) completed unenhanced Dixon water-fat whole-heart CMRA at 3.0 T using both CS-SENSE and conventional 2D SENSE methods. We compared mean acquisition time, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and the diagnostic accuracy between two techniques. In vitro study, CS-SENSE achieved better effectiveness between higher SNR/CNR and shorter scan times using the appropriate acceleration factor compared with conventional 2D SENSE. In vivo study, CS-SENSE CMRA had better performance than 2D SENSE in terms of the mean acquisition time, SNR and CNR (7.4 ± 3.2 min vs. 8.3 ± 3.4 min, P = 0.001; SNR: 115.5 ± 35.4 vs. 103.3 ± 32.2; CNR: 101.1 ± 33.2 vs. 90.6 ± 30.1, P < 0.001 for both). The diagnostic accuracy between CS-SENSE and 2D SENSE had no significant difference on a patient-based analysis (sensitivity: 97.3% vs. 91.9%; specificity: 76.9% vs. 61.5%; accuracy: 92.0% vs. 84.0%; P > 0.05 for each). Unenhanced CS-SENSE Dixon water-fat separation whole-heart CMRA at 3.0 T can improve the SNR and CNR, shorten the acquisition time while providing equally satisfactory image quality and diagnostic accuracy compared with 2D SENSE CMRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Tian
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Jun Guo
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shi-Hai Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Fei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin-Yin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mei-Ying Ge
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Meng-Su Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Kato S, Azuma M, Nakayama N, Fukui K, Ito M, Saito N, Horita N, Utsunomiya D. Diagnostic accuracy of whole heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2023; 25:36. [PMID: 37357310 PMCID: PMC10291762 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-023-00949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this meta-analysis was to comprehensively investigate the diagnostic ability of 1.5 T and 3.0 T whole heart coronary angiography (WHCA) to detect significant coronary artery disease (CAD) on X-ray coronary angiography. METHODS A literature search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane advanced search, and EMBASE, was performed to retrieve and integrate articles showing significant CAD detectability of 1.5 and 3.0 T WHCA. RESULTS Data from 1899 patients from 34 studies were included in the meta-analysis. 1.5 T WHCA had a summary area under ROC of 0.88 in the patient-based analysis, 0.90 in the vessel-based analysis, and 0.92 in the segment-based analysis. These values for 3.0 T WHCA were 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, respectively. Contrast-enhanced 3.0 T WHCA had significantly higher specificity than non-contrast-enhanced 1.5 T WHCA on a patient-based analysis (0.87, 95% CI 0.80-0.92 vs. 0.74, 95% CI 0.64-0.82, P = 0.02). There were no differences in diagnostic performance on a patient-based analysis by use of vasodilators, beta-blockers or between Asian and Western countries. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic performance of WHCA was deemed satisfactory, with contrast-enhanced 3.0 T WHCA exhibiting higher specificity compared to non-contrast-enhanced 1.5 T WHCA in a patient-based analysis. There were no significant differences in diagnostic performance on a patient-based analysis in terms of vasodilator or beta-blocker use, nor between Asian and Western countries. However, further large-scale multicentre studies are crucial for the widespread global adoption of WHCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kato
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Mai Azuma
- Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakayama
- Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fukui
- Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masanori Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naka Saito
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Horita
- Chemotherapy Center, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Utsunomiya
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Yang P, Hu X, Peng B, Yue X, Li Y, Ma P, Yuan Y, Yu Y, Liu B, Li X. 3D whole-heart noncontrast coronary MR angiography based on compressed SENSE technology: a comparative study of conventional SENSE sequence and coronary computed tomography angiography. Insights Imaging 2023; 14:35. [PMID: 36790611 PMCID: PMC9931966 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-023-01378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relatively long scan time has hampered the clinical use of whole-heart noncontrast coronary magnetic resonance angiography (NCMRA). The compressed sensitivity encoding (SENSE) technique, also known as the CS technique, has been found to improve scan times. This study aimed to identify the optimal CS acceleration factor for NCMRA. METHODS Thirty-six participants underwent four NCMRA sequences: three sequences using the CS technique with acceleration factors of 4, 5, and 6, and one sequence using the conventional SENSE technique with the acceleration factor of 2. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) was considered as a reference sequence. The acquisition times of the four NCMRA sequences were assessed. The correlation and agreement between the visible vessel lengths obtained via CCTA and NCMRA were also assessed. The image quality scores and contrast ratio (CR) of eight coronary artery segments from the four NCMRA sequences were quantitatively evaluated. RESULTS The mean acquisition time of the conventional SENSE was 343 s, while that of CS4, CS5, and CS6 was 269, 215, and 190 s, respectively. The visible vessel length from the CS4 sequence showed good correlation and agreement with CCTA. The image quality score and CR from the CS4 sequence were not statistically significantly different from those in the other groups (p > 0.05). Moreover, the image score and CR showed a decreasing trend with the increase in the CS factor. CONCLUSIONS The CS technique could significantly shorten the acquisition time of NCMRA. The CS sequence with an acceleration factor of 4 was generally acceptable for NCMRA in clinical settings to balance the image quality and acquisition time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, 230032 Anhui Province China ,Department of Radiology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, 236015 Anhui Province China
| | - Xinna Zhang
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, 230032 Anhui Province China
| | - Yuqi Jiang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Radiology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236000 Anhui China
| | - Panpan Yang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Radiology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236000 Anhui China
| | - Xiankuo Hu
- Department of Radiology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, 236015 Anhui Province China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Radiology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, 236015 Anhui Province China
| | | | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, 236015 Anhui Province China
| | - Peiqi Ma
- Department of Radiology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, 236015 Anhui Province China
| | - Yushan Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, 236015 Anhui Province China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, 230032 Anhui Province China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China. .,Department of Radiology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236000, Anhui, China.
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