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Granados A, Sun C, Fisher JT, Ladle A, Dawe K, Beirne C, Boyce MS, Chow E, Heim N, Fennell M, Klees van Bommel J, Naidoo R, Procko M, Stewart FEC, Burton AC. Mammalian predator and prey responses to recreation and land use across multiple scales provide limited support for the human shield hypothesis. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10464. [PMID: 37720065 PMCID: PMC10500421 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Outdoor recreation is widespread, with uncertain effects on wildlife. The human shield hypothesis (HSH) suggests that recreation could have differential effects on predators and prey, with predator avoidance of humans creating a spatial refuge 'shielding' prey from people. The generality of the HSH remains to be tested across larger scales, wherein human shielding may prove generalizable, or diminish with variability in ecological contexts. We combined data from 446 camera traps and 79,279 sampling days across 10 landscapes spanning 15,840 km2 in western Canada. We used hierarchical models to quantify the influence of recreation and landscape disturbance (roads, logging) on ungulate prey (moose, mule deer and elk) and carnivore (wolf, grizzly bear, cougar and black bear) site use. We found limited support for the HSH and strong responses to recreation at local but not larger spatial scales. Only mule deer showed positive but weak landscape-level responses to recreation. Elk were positively associated with local recreation while moose and mule deer responses were negative, contrary to HSH predictions. Mule deer showed a more complex interaction between recreation and land-use disturbance, with more negative responses to recreation at lower road density or higher logged areas. Contrary to HSH predictions, carnivores did not avoid recreation and grizzly bear site use was positively associated. We also tested the effects of roads and logging on temporal activity overlap between mule deer and recreation, expecting deer to minimize interaction with humans by partitioning time in areas subject to more habitat disturbance. However, temporal overlap between people and deer increased with road density. Our findings highlight the complex ecological patterns that emerge at macroecological scales. There is a need for expanded monitoring of human and wildlife use of recreation areas, particularly multi-scale and -species approaches to studying the interacting effects of recreation and land-use change on wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alys Granados
- Department of Forest Resources ManagementUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Catherine Sun
- Department of Forest Resources ManagementUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Jason T. Fisher
- Institute for Resources, Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Andrew Ladle
- Institute for Resources, Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Kimberly Dawe
- School of Environmental StudiesUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Christopher Beirne
- Department of Forest Resources ManagementUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Mark S. Boyce
- Quest University CanadaSquamishBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Emily Chow
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Nicole Heim
- British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural DevelopmentCranbrookBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Mitchell Fennell
- Department of Forest Resources ManagementUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Joanna Klees van Bommel
- Department of Forest Resources ManagementUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Ktunaxa Nation GovernmentCranbrookBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Robin Naidoo
- Institute for Resources, Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- World Wildlife Fund‐USWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Michael Procko
- Department of Forest Resources ManagementUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - A. Cole Burton
- Department of Forest Resources Management and Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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2
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Burgos T, Salesa J, Fedriani JM, Escribano-Ávila G, Jiménez J, Krofel M, Cancio I, Hernández-Hernández J, Rodríguez-Siles J, Virgós E. Top-down and bottom-up effects modulate species co-existence in a context of top predator restoration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4170. [PMID: 36914804 PMCID: PMC10011582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31105-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesopredators abundance is often limited by top-order predators and also by key food resources. However, the contribution of these bidirectional forces to structure carnivore community is still unclear. Here, we studied how the presence and absence of an apex predator which is currently recovering its former distribution range, the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus), determined the absolute abundance and fine-scale spatiotemporal avoidance mechanisms of two sympatric mesocarnivores (stone marten Martes foina and common genet Genetta genetta) with different dietary plasticity. We hypothesized that the lynx causes a mesopredator suppression and subordinate predators develop segregation strategies in respect to their trophic niche breadth. We placed 120 camera-traps in Southern Spain for 8 months in two consecutive years to estimate mesocarnivore abundances by using SCR Bayesian models, prey availability and assess spatio-temporal patterns. We found that the lynx reduced mesocarnivore abundance up to 10 times. Stone marten, a mesopredator with a broad food resources spectrum, showed a total spatial exclusion with the apex predator. Meanwhile, fine-scale avoidance mechanisms allowed the genet to persist in low density inside lynx territories, probably taking advantage of high availability of its preferred prey. Thus, the strength of these top-down and bottom-up effects was rather species-specific. Given the recent recovery of large carnivore populations worldwide, variation in suppression levels on different mesopredator species could modify ecosystem functions provided by the carnivore community in contrasting ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Burgos
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Salesa
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose María Fedriani
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación CIDE, CSIC-UVEG-GV, Carretera de Moncada a Náquera, km 4,5., 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD - CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Gema Escribano-Ávila
- Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution Department. Biological Science Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Ciudad Universitaria, C/ José Antonio Novais 12, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Miha Krofel
- Department for Forestry, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Inmaculada Cancio
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Asociación de Estudio y Conservación de Fauna Harmusch, C/San Antón 15, 1°, 13580, Almodóvar del Campo, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Hernández
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez-Siles
- Asociación de Estudio y Conservación de Fauna Harmusch, C/San Antón 15, 1°, 13580, Almodóvar del Campo, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Emilio Virgós
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Vissia S, Bouman A, Virtuoso FAS, van Langevelde F. Seasonal variation in prey preference, diet partitioning and niche breadth in a rich large carnivore guild. Afr J Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sander Vissia
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Ariet Bouman
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Frank van Langevelde
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
- School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus University of KwaZulu‐Natal Durban South Africa
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4
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Elliott T, Truong C, Jackson S, Zúñiga C, Trappe J, Vernes K. Mammalian Mycophagy: a Global Review of Ecosystem Interactions Between Mammals and Fungi. Fungal Syst Evol 2022; 9:99-159. [PMID: 36072820 PMCID: PMC9402283 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2022.09.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of fungi by animals is a significant trophic interaction in most terrestrial ecosystems, yet the role mammals play in these associations has been incompletely studied. In this review, we compile 1 154 references published over the last 146 years and provide the first
comprehensive global review of mammal species known to eat fungi (508 species in 15 orders). We review experimental studies that found viable fungal inoculum in the scats of at least 40 mammal species, including spores from at least 58 mycorrhizal fungal species that remained viable after
ingestion by mammals. We provide a summary of mammal behaviours relating to the consumption of fungi, the nutritional importance of fungi for mammals, and the role of mammals in fungal spore dispersal. We also provide evidence to suggest that the morphological evolution of sequestrate fungal
sporocarps (fruiting bodies) has likely been driven in part by the dispersal advantages provided by mammals. Finally, we demonstrate how these interconnected associations are widespread globally and have far-reaching ecological implications for mammals, fungi and associated plants in most
terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.F. Elliott
- Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - C. Truong
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Ave, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - S.M. Jackson
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William St., Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - C.L. Zúñiga
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - J.M. Trappe
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - K. Vernes
- Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
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5
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Shifting dietary habits linked with contrasting population trends of two sympatric mustelids (Martes foina and Mustela putorius) over 16 years. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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6
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Rioja-Paradela TM, Valenzuela-Ceballos S, Becerra J, Castañeda-Gaytán G, Carrillo-Reyes A, Borja-Jiménez M, Sánchez-Salas J, Lorenzo C. Temporal niche and daily activity patterns of sympatric leporids in active burrows of Mapimi Bolson tortoise. MAMMAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-022-00635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Ferreira EM, Valerio F, Medinas D, Fernandes N, Craveiro J, Costa P, Silva JP, Carrapato C, Mira A, Santos SM. Assessing behaviour states of a forest carnivore in a road-dominated landscape using Hidden Markov Models. NATURE CONSERVATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.47.72781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic infrastructures and land-use changes are major threats to animal movements across heterogeneous landscapes. Yet, the behavioural consequences of such constraints remain poorly understood. We investigated the relationship between the behaviour of the Common genet (Genetta genetta) and road proximity, within a dominant mixed forest-agricultural landscape in southern Portugal, fragmented by roads. Specifically, we aimed to: (i) identify and characterise the behavioural states displayed by genets and related movement patterns; and (ii) understand how behavioural states are influenced by proximity to main paved roads and landscape features. We used a multivariate Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to characterise the fine-scale movements (10-min fixes GPS) of seven genets tracked during 187 nights (mean 27 days per individual) during the period 2016–2019, using distance to major paved roads and landscape features as predictors. Our findings indicated that genet’s movement patterns were composed of three basic behavioural states, classified as “resting” (short step-lengths [mean = 10.6 m] and highly tortuous), “foraging” (intermediate step-lengths [mean = 46.1 m] and with a wide range in turning angle) and “travelling” (longer step-lengths [mean = 113.7 m] and mainly linear movements). Within the genet’s main activity-period (17.00 h-08.00 h), the movement model predicts that genets spend 36.7% of their time travelling, 35.4% foraging and 28.0% resting. The probability of genets displaying the travelling state was highest in areas far away from roads (> 500 m), whereas foraging and resting states were more likely in areas relatively close to roads (up to 500 m). Landscape features also had a pronounced effect on behaviour state occurrence. More specifically, travelling was most likely to occur in areas with lower forest edge density and close to riparian habitats, while foraging was more likely to occur in areas with higher forest edge density and far away from riparian habitats. The results suggest that, although roads represent a behavioural barrier to the movement of genets, they also take advantage of road proximity as foraging areas. Our study demonstrates that the HMM approach is useful for disentangling movement behaviour and understanding how animals respond to roadsides and fragmented habitats. We emphasise that road-engaged stakeholders need to consider movement behaviour of genets when targeting management practices to maximise road permeability for wildlife.
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8
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Hernandez-Puentes C, Torre I, Vilella M. Spatio-temporal interactions within a Mediterranean community of Mesocarnivores. Mamm Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-022-00230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Van Den Berge K, van der Veken T, Gouwy J, Verschelde P, Eeraerts M. Dietary composition and overlap among small‐ and medium‐sized carnivores in Flanders, Belgium. Ecol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koen Van Den Berge
- Department of Wildlife Management and Invasive Species Research Institute of Forest and Nature Geraardsbergen Belgium
| | - Timo van der Veken
- Department of Wildlife Management and Invasive Species Research Institute of Forest and Nature Geraardsbergen Belgium
| | - Jan Gouwy
- Department of Wildlife Management and Invasive Species Research Institute of Forest and Nature Geraardsbergen Belgium
| | - Pieter Verschelde
- Department of Biometry, Methodology and Quality Assurance Research Institute of Forest and Nature Geraardsbergen Belgium
| | - Maxime Eeraerts
- Department of Wildlife Management and Invasive Species Research Institute of Forest and Nature Geraardsbergen Belgium
- Department of Horticulture Washington State University Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center Mount Vernon WA USA
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10
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Ferreiro‐Arias I, Isla J, Jordano P, Benítez‐López A. Fine-scale coexistence between Mediterranean mesocarnivores is mediated by spatial, temporal, and trophic resource partitioning. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:15520-15533. [PMID: 34824772 PMCID: PMC8601891 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The partition of the ecological niche can enhance the coexistence of predators due to differences in how they exploit three main resources: food, space, and time, the latter being an axis that often remains unexplored.We studied niche segregation in a Mediterranean mesocarnivore community composed by Vulpes vulpes, Genetta genetta, Meles meles, and Herpestes ichneumon, addressing simultaneously different niche axes: the temporal, trophic, and spatial axes.We assessed temporal segregation between mesopredators and prey and between potential competitors, using camera trap data between 2018 and 2020 in a Mediterranean landscape in Southern Spain. We deployed camera traps in 35 stations in three sites with varying vegetation cover within Doñana National Park. We further examined the spatial overlap in activity centers and trophic preferences between potential competitors using diet information from studies performed in the study area.We found an overall temporal segregation between trophic generalist species, with species showing higher temporal overlap differing in their trophic preferences and/or showing limited spatial overlap. Furthermore, we observed an overall high overlap between the activity patterns of predators and their major prey in the area (the common genet vs. small mammals and the red fox vs. European rabbit).Our study suggests that coexistence of the different species that compose the mesocarnivore assemblage in Mediterranean landscapes can be facilitated by subtle differences along the three main niche axes, with temporal segregation being a most pronounced mechanism. Our findings reinforce the idea that the coexistence mechanisms underlying community structure are multidimensional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Ferreiro‐Arias
- Integrative Ecology GroupEstación Biológica de DoñanaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSevillaSpain
| | - Jorge Isla
- Integrative Ecology GroupEstación Biológica de DoñanaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSevillaSpain
| | - Pedro Jordano
- Integrative Ecology GroupEstación Biológica de DoñanaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSevillaSpain
- Department Biología Vegetal y EcologíaUniversidad de SevillaSevillaSpain
| | - Ana Benítez‐López
- Integrative Ecology GroupEstación Biológica de DoñanaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSevillaSpain
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11
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Vilella M, Ferrandiz‐Rovira M, Sayol F. Coexistence of predators in time: Effects of season and prey availability on species activity within a Mediterranean carnivore guild. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11408-11422. [PMID: 33144974 PMCID: PMC7593183 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The degree of coexistence among predators can determine the structure of ecological communities. Niche partitioning is a common strategy applied by species to enhance their coexistence. Diet, habitat, or time use can be responsible for segregation among carnivore species, the latter factor being the least studied in Mediterranean ecosystems. Terrestrial medium-sized carnivores (i.e., mesocarnivores) carry out important functions in ecosystems, and identifying their interactions is essential for their conservation.In this study, we explore the activity of a terrestrial mesocarnivore guild in order to determine seasonal differences in daily activity patterns of competitors and prey. We also investigate how the abundance of a common mesocarnivore prey in the region, small mammals, influences the activity of predators.During a year, camera trap devices (n = 18) were installed in Montseny Natural Park (Catalan Pre-Coastal Range, North-East Iberian Peninsula), a region that hosts five mesocarnivore species. Camera trapping detections were used to estimate their daily activity patterns and corresponding overlaps. We also surveyed small mammal plots (n = 5) in order to calculate prey abundance and test its effect on the relative activity of each carnivore species.Despite all target mesocarnivores are mainly nocturnal, the activity overlap among them varies according to species particularities and season. Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) appears as a generalist species in terms of time use, whereas stone marten (Martes foina) and genet (Genetta genetta) show the most similar activity patterns and both of them seem to be positively influenced by small mammal abundance. Overall, the diversity found in the way mesocarnivore species use time could facilitate their coexistence.Despite activity pattern similarities among carnivore species should not be directly translated to negative interactions, they can have a strong influence in habitat and resource-limited ecosystems. Therefore, activity overlaps should be taken into account when discussing wildlife management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Vilella
- Delegació d’Osona (GNO‐ICHN)Institució Catalana d’Història NaturalVicSpain
| | - Mariona Ferrandiz‐Rovira
- CREAFCerdanyola del VallèsCataloniaSpain
- Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsCataloniaSpain
| | - Ferran Sayol
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment ResearchDepartment of Genetics, Evolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreGothenburgSweden
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12
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Sévêque A, Gentle LK, López-Bao JV, Yarnell RW, Uzal A. Human disturbance has contrasting effects on niche partitioning within carnivore communities. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1689-1705. [PMID: 32666614 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among species, coexistence is driven partly by the partitioning of available resources. The mechanisms of coexistence and competition among species have been a central topic within community ecology, with particular focus on mammalian carnivore community research. However, despite growing concern regarding the impact of humans on the behaviour of species, very little is known about the effect of humans on species interactions. The aim of this review is to establish a comprehensive framework for the impacts of human disturbance on three dimensions (spatial, temporal and trophic) of niche partitioning within carnivore communities and subsequent effects on both intraguild competition and community structure. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on carnivore niche partitioning (246 studies) and extracted 46 reported effects of human disturbance. We found evidence that human disturbance impacts resource partitioning, either positively or negatively, in all three niche dimensions. The repercussions of such variations are highly heterogeneous and differ according to both the type of human disturbance and how the landscape and/or availability of resources are affected. We propose a theoretical framework of the three main outcomes for the impacts of human disturbance on intraguild competition and carnivore community structure: (i) human disturbance impedes niche partitioning, increasing intraguild competition and reducing the richness and diversity of the community; (ii) human disturbance unbalances niche partitioning and intraguild competition, affecting community stability; and (iii) human disturbance facilitates niche partitioning, decreasing intraguild competition and enriching the community. We call for better integration of the impact of humans on carnivore communities in future research on interspecific competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Sévêque
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Louise K Gentle
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - José V López-Bao
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO/CSIC/PA), Oviedo University, Mieres, 33600, Spain
| | - Richard W Yarnell
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Antonio Uzal
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
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13
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Monterroso P, Díaz-Ruiz F, Lukacs PM, Alves PC, Ferreras P. Ecological traits and the spatial structure of competitive coexistence among carnivores. Ecology 2020; 101:e03059. [PMID: 32333382 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Competition is a widespread interaction among carnivores, ultimately manifested through one or more dimensions of the species' ecological niche. One of the most explicit manifestations of competitive interactions regards spatial displacement. Its interpretation under a theoretical context provides an important tool to deepen our understanding of biological systems and communities, but also for wildlife management and conservation. We used Bayesian multispecies occupancy models on camera-trapping data from multiple sites in Southwestern Europe (SWE) to investigate competitive interactions within a carnivore guild, and to evaluate how species' ecological traits are shaping coexistence patterns. Seventeen out of 26 pairwise interactions departed from a hypothesis of independent occurrence, with spatial association being twice as frequent as avoidance. Association behaviors were only detected among mesocarnivores, while avoidance mainly involved mesocarnivores avoiding the apex predator (n = 4) and mesocarnivore-only interactions (n = 2). Body mass ratios, defined as the dominant over the subordinate species body mass, revealed an important negative effect ( β ^ = - 0.38 ; C I 95 = - 0.81 t o - 0.06 ) on co-occurrence probability, and support that spatially explicit competitive interactions are mostly expressed by larger species able to dominate over smaller ones, with a threshold in body mass ratios of ~4, above which local-scale intraguild coexistence is unlikely. We found a weak relationship between pairwise trophic niche overlap and the probability of coexistence ( β ^ = - 0.19 ; C I 95 = - 0.58 t o 0.21 ), suggesting that competition for feeding resources may not be a key driver of competition, at least at the scale of our analysis. Despite local-scale avoidance, regional-scale coexistence appears to be maintained by the spatial structuring of the competitive environment. We provide evidence that SWE ecosystems consist of spatially structured competitive environments, and propose that coexistence among near-sized species is likely achieved through the interplay of "facultative" and "behavioral" character displacements. Factors influencing carnivore coexistence likely include context-dependent density and trait-mediated effects, which should be carefully considered for a sound understanding of the mechanisms regulating these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Monterroso
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quinta 7, Vairão, 3385-661, Portugal
| | - Francisco Díaz-Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, 12071, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Avda. Cervantes 2, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Paul M Lukacs
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana, 59812, USA
| | - Paulo C Alves
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quinta 7, Vairão, 3385-661, Portugal.,Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana, 59812, USA.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, Edificio FC4, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Pablo Ferreras
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, 12071, Spain
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14
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Gazzola A, Balestrieri A. Nutritional ecology provides insights into competitive interactions between closely related
Martes
species. Mamm Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gazzola
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Via Ferrata 927100Pavia Italy
| | - Alessandro Balestrieri
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Via Ferrata 927100Pavia Italy
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15
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Coexistence and habitat use of the South American coati and the mountain coati along an elevational gradient. Mamm Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Harrison RL. TEMPORAL NICHE SEPARATION OF DESERT COTTONTAILS (SYLVILAGUS AUDUBONII) AND BLACK-TAILED JACKRABBITS (LEPUS CALIFORNICUS) IN THE CHIHUAHUAN DESERT. SOUTHWEST NAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1894/0038-4909-63-3-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Karssene Y, Chammem M, Li F, Eddine A, Hermann A, Nouira S. Spatial and temporal variability in the distribution, daily activity and diet of fennec fox (Vulpes zerda), red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and African golden wolf (Canis anthus) in southern Tunisia. Mamm Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Cronk N, Pillay N. Dietary overlap of two sympatric African mongoose species in an urban environment. MAMMALIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2018-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Urbanisation creates challenges and opportunities for wildlife. Globally, small carnivores have colonised urban spaces, but we do not know whether or how sympatric carnivores partition resources in order to co-exist. We studied the diet and degree of dietary overlap of two sympatric herpestid mongooses – yellow, Cynictis penicillata, and slender, Galerella sanguinea mongoose – in a small urban nature area in South Africa. The composition of 2600 yellow and 2000 slender mongoose scats was sampled over a year in an Eco-Estate, where wildlife have contact with humans, and a Nature Estate, where contact is reduced. We analysed the frequency of occurrence of invertebrates, mammals, birds, plants and anthropogenic items in scats. Invertebrates and mammals were most abundant for both species in the Nature Estate and for slender mongoose in the Eco-Estate, while anthropogenic items were more prevalent in yellow mongoose scats in the Eco-Estate. Both species included anthropogenic items in their diet in the Eco-Estate only. Scat components varied seasonally. In summer, invertebrates were more abundant in scats of both species, yet during the colder months, invertebrates decreased and vertebrates (more so in the slender mongoose) and anthropogenic items (more so in the yellow mongoose) increased. Dietary overlap was greatest in summer and lowest in winter. Nonetheless, the specialised slender mongoose diet and a generalist yellow mongoose diet potentially facilitates their co-existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Cronk
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg, Private Bag 3 , WITS 2050 , South Africa
| | - Neville Pillay
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg, Private Bag 3 , WITS 2050 , South Africa
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19
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Pereira L, Vasques A, Maia P, Ramos Pereira MJ, Fonseca C, Matos M. Native and exotic seed dispersal by the stone marten (Martes foina): implications for the regeneration of a relict climactic forest in central Portugal. Integr Zool 2018; 14:280-292. [PMID: 30251412 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The stone marten (Martes foina) is a carnivorous mammal that often consumes fleshy fruits, thus potentially promoting seed dispersion. The present study was developed in Bussaco National Forest, central Portugal, and aimed to assess the potential role of the stone marten in dispersing native and exotic plants in different forest landscape types. Seeds from stone marten scats and fleshy fruits were collected monthly and were thereafter identified and sowed in a nursery, following a randomized experimental setup. Plant emergence was monitored fortnightly. Generalized linear models were used to test for differences in time and success of emergence between seeds from scats and fruits of 3 native species (Rubus ulmifolius, Arbutus unedo and Celtis australis) and 1 exotic plant species with invasive behavior (Prunus laurocerasus). Fruit consumption by the stone martens significantly increased and accelerated the germination of the native R. ulmifolius but had no effect on the other 2 native species or on the invasive species. This suggested that stone martens contribute to gene flow and forest regeneration by dispersing native plant seeds. However, although the germination was not enhanced in the invasive species, the preference of stone martens for these fruits may potentially contribute to the proliferation of P. laurocerasus. Our study represents a contribution to better understanding the fauna and flora interactions, enabling for a more conscious and effective decision-making in forest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia Pereira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Vasques
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Erasmus University College, Life Sciences Department, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paula Maia
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Ramos Pereira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Institute of Biosciences, PPGBAN, Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fonseca
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Milena Matos
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,BioLiving Association, Frossos, Albergaria-a-Velha, Portugal
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20
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Diet footprint of Egyptian mongoose along ecological gradients: effects of primary productivity and life history traits. Mamm Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Planillo A, Mata C, Manica A, Malo JE. Carnivore abundance near motorways related to prey and roadkills. J Wildl Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aimara Planillo
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG); Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C. Darwin 2; Madrid 28049 Spain
| | - Cristina Mata
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG); Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C. Darwin 2; Madrid 28049 Spain
| | - Andrea Manica
- Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge. Downing St; Cambridge CB2 3EJ United Kingdom
| | - Juan E. Malo
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG); Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C. Darwin 2; Madrid 28049 Spain
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22
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Mata C, Ruiz-Capillas P, Malo JE. Small-scale alterations in carnivore activity patterns close to motorways. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-017-1118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Torretta E, Mosini A, Piana M, Tirozzi P, Serafini M, Puopolo F, Saino N, Balestrieri A. Time partitioning in mesocarnivore communities from different habitats of NW Italy: insights into martens’ competitive abilities. BEHAVIOUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Most studies focused on species coexistence have been directed at the differential use of habitat and food resources; nonetheless, the differential use of the diel cycle may enhance the coexistence of same-sized species. We investigated the activity patterns of mesocarnivores (red fox (Vulpes vulpes), European badger (Meles meles), pine marten (Martes martes), stone marten (M. foina)) in NW Italy via camera-trapping. We hypothesized that the smallest species would tend to avoid competition by selecting time periods when larger species were less active. Foxes, badgers, and stone martens were mainly nocturnal. In lowland areas overlap between coexisting species was generally low, while in Mediterranean habitats all activity patterns tended to be unimodal and overlap was generally high. The pine marten showed a cathemeral pattern. We suggest that the lower ability of the stone marten to avoid interference competition at community-level may play a major role in determining its widespread exclusion from forested areas by the pine marten.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Torretta
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Mosini
- Valgrande Società Cooperativa — studi, opere e servizi per l’ambiente, via alla Cartiera 91, 28923 Verbania Possaccio, Italy
| | - M. Piana
- Valgrande Società Cooperativa — studi, opere e servizi per l’ambiente, via alla Cartiera 91, 28923 Verbania Possaccio, Italy
| | - P. Tirozzi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Serafini
- Parco Naturale Regionale dell’Antola, via Provvidenza 3, 16029 Torriglia, Italy
| | - F. Puopolo
- Parco Naturale Regionale dell’Antola, via Provvidenza 3, 16029 Torriglia, Italy
| | - N. Saino
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Balestrieri
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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24
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Niche Partitioning among Mesocarnivores in a Brazilian Wetland. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162893. [PMID: 27685854 PMCID: PMC5042497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the home range size, habitat selection, as well as the spatial and activity overlap, of four mid-sized carnivore species in the Central Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. From December 2005 to September 2008, seven crab-eating foxes Cerdocyon thous, seven brown-nosed coatis Nasua nasua, and six ocelots Leopardus pardalis were radio-collared and monitored. Camera trap data on these species were also collected for the crab-eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus. We hypothesized that there would be large niche differentiation in preferred habitat-type or active period between generalist species with similar diet, and higher similarity in habitat-type or activity time between the generalist species (crab-eating foxes and coatis) and the more specialized ocelot. Individual home ranges were estimated using the utilization distribution index (UD– 95% fixed Kernel). With data obtained from radio-collared individuals, we evaluated habitat selection using compositional analysis. Median home range size of ocelots was 8 km2. The proportion of habitats within the home ranges of ocelots did not differ from the overall habitat proportion in the study area, but ocelots preferentially used forest within their home range. The median home range size of crab-eating foxes was 1.4 km2. Foxes showed second-order habitat selection and selected savanna over shrub-savanna vegetation. The median home range size for coati was 1.5 km2. Coati home ranges were located randomly in the study area. However, within their home range, coatis occurred more frequently in savanna than in other vegetation types. Among the four species, the overlap in activity period was the highest (87%) between ocelots and raccoons, with the least overlap occurring between the ocelot and coati (25%). We suggest that temporal segregation of carnivores was more important than spatial segregation, notably between the generalist coati, crab-eating fox and crab-eating raccoon.
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25
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Spatio-temporal variation of predator diet in a rural habitat: stone martens in the villages of Białowieża forest. MAMMAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-016-0273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Cruz J, Sarmento P, White PCL. Influence of exotic forest plantations on occupancy and co-occurrence patterns in a Mediterranean carnivore guild. J Mammal 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyv109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Steenhuisen SL, Balmer A, Zoeller K, Kuhn N, Midgley J, Hansen D, Johnson SD. Carnivorous mammals feed on nectar ofProteaspecies (Proteaceae) in South Africa and likely contribute to their pollination. Afr J Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandy-Lynn Steenhuisen
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cape Town; P/Bag X3, Rondebosch Cape Town 7701 South Africa
| | - Alice Balmer
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Sciences; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich CH-8057 Switzerland
| | - Kim Zoeller
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cape Town; P/Bag X3, Rondebosch Cape Town 7701 South Africa
| | - Nicola Kuhn
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cape Town; P/Bag X3, Rondebosch Cape Town 7701 South Africa
| | - Jeremy Midgley
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cape Town; P/Bag X3, Rondebosch Cape Town 7701 South Africa
| | - Dennis Hansen
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Sciences; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich CH-8057 Switzerland
| | - Steven D. Johnson
- School of Life Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; P/Bag X01, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
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28
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Piñeiro A, Barja I, Otero GP, Silván G, Illera JC. No Effects of Habitat, Prey Abundance and Competitor Carnivore Abundance on Fecal Cortisol Metabolite Levels in Wildcats (Felis silvestris). ANN ZOOL FENN 2015. [DOI: 10.5735/086.052.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Mate I, Barrull J, Gosálbez J, Ruiz-Olmo J, Salicrú M. The role of the southern water vole A
rvicola sapidus
in the diet of predators: a review. Mamm Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Mate
- Department of Animal Biology; Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Av Diagonal 643 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Joan Barrull
- Department of Animal Biology; Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Av Diagonal 643 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Joaquim Gosálbez
- Department of Animal Biology; Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Av Diagonal 643 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Jordi Ruiz-Olmo
- Directorate of Environment and Biodiversity; Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, Food and the Environment, Government of Catalonia; C/ Doctor Roux 80 Barcelona 08017 Spain
| | - Miquel Salicrú
- Department of Statistics; Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Av Diagonal 643 Barcelona 08028 Spain
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30
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Plasticity in circadian activity patterns of mesocarnivores in Southwestern Europe: implications for species coexistence. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-014-1748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Barrull J, Mate I, Ruiz-Olmo J, Casanovas J, Gosàlbez J, Salicrú M. Factors and mechanisms that explain coexistence in a Mediterranean carnivore assemblage: An integrated study based on camera trapping and diet. Mamm Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Eurasian otters modify their trophic niche after the introduction of non-native prey in Mediterranean fresh waters. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0622-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Almeida D, Rodolfo N, Sayer CD, Copp GH. Seasonal use of ponds as foraging habitat by Eurasian otter with description of an alternative handling technique for common toad predation. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2013. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v62.i3.a7.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Almeida
- Salmon & Freshwater Team, Cefas-Lowestoft, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 OHT, U.K.
- Centre for Conservation Ecology & Environmental Change, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, U.K.
| | - Nahuel Rodolfo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Girona 17071, Spain
| | - Carl D. Sayer
- Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of Geography, University College London, Pearson Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Gordon H. Copp
- Salmon & Freshwater Team, Cefas-Lowestoft, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 OHT, U.K.
- Centre for Conservation Ecology & Environmental Change, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, U.K.
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada
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34
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Ruiz-Capillas P, Mata C, Malo JE. Community Response of Mammalian Predators and Their Prey to Motorways: Implications for Predator–Prey Dynamics. Ecosystems 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-013-9634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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The role of prey abundance and flow regulation in the marking behaviour of Eurasian otters in a Mediterranean catchment. Anim Behav 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Monterroso P, Castro D, Silva TL, Ferreras P, Godinho R, Alves PC. Factors affecting the (in)accuracy of mammalian mesocarnivore scat identification in South-western Europe. J Zool (1987) 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Monterroso
- CIBIO/InBio; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; Universidade do Porto; Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM); Ciudad Real Spain
| | - D. Castro
- CIBIO/InBio; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; Universidade do Porto; Vairão Portugal
| | - T. L. Silva
- CIBIO/InBio; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; Universidade do Porto; Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - P. Ferreras
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM); Ciudad Real Spain
| | - R. Godinho
- CIBIO/InBio; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; Universidade do Porto; Vairão Portugal
| | - P. C. Alves
- CIBIO/InBio; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; Universidade do Porto; Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Ciências; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Wildlife Biology Program; College of Forestry and Conservation; University of Montana; Missoula MT USA
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37
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Remonti L, Balestrieri A, Ruiz-González A, Gómez-Moliner BJ, Capelli E, Prigioni C. Intraguild dietary overlap and its possible relationship to the coexistence of mesocarnivores in intensive agricultural habitats. POPUL ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-012-0326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Bakaloudis DE, Vlachos CG, Papakosta MA, Bontzorlos VA, Chatzinikos EN. Diet composition and feeding strategies of the stone marten (Martes foina) in a typical Mediterranean ecosystem. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:163920. [PMID: 22619607 PMCID: PMC3349108 DOI: 10.1100/2012/163920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stone martens (Martes foina) are documented as generalist throughout their distributional range whose diet composition is affected by food availability. We tested if this occurs and what feeding strategies it follows in a typical Mediterranean ecosystem in Central Greece by analysing contents from 106 stomachs, seasonally collected from three different habitats during 2003–2006. Seasonal variation in diet and feeding strategies was evident and linked to seasonal nutritional requirements, but possibly imposed by strong interference competition and intraguild predation. Fleshy fruits and arthropods predominated in the diet, but also mammals and birds were frequently consumed. An overall low dietary niche breadth (BA = 0.128) indicated a fruit specialization tendency. A generalised diet occurred in spring with high individual specialisation, whereas more animal-type prey was consumed than fruits. A population specialization towards fruits was indicated during summer and autumn, whereas insects were consumed occasionally by males. In those seasons it switched to more clumped food types such as fruits and insects. In winter it selectively exploited both adult and larvae insects and partially fruits overwinter on plants. The tendency to consume particular prey items seasonally reflected both the population specialist behaviour and the individual flexibility preyed on different food resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios E Bakaloudis
- Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Department of Forestry and Natural Environment Management, Technological Educational Institute of Kavala, 1st km Drama-Mikrohori, 661 00 Drama, Greece.
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Santos MJ, Matos HM, Palomares F, Santos-Reis M. Factors affecting mammalian carnivore use of riparian ecosystems in Mediterranean climates. J Mammal 2011. [DOI: 10.1644/10-mamm-a-009.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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40
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Rodriguez-Refojos C, Zuberogoitia I, Rosalino LM, Zabala J, Santos MJ, Santos-Reis M, Camps D. Geographical and sexual differences in body size of common genets,Genetta genetta(Viverridae, Carnivora), in south-western Europe (Iberian Peninsula). FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2011. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v60.i1.a9.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodriguez-Refojos
- Aranzadi Society of Sciences, Department of Vertebrates, Zorroagagaina kalea, 11, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Iñigo Zuberogoitia
- Estudios Medioambientales Icarus, S.L., Pintor Sorolla 6, 1°C, 26007 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain; e-mail:
| | - Luis Miguel Rosalino
- Lisbon University, Centre for Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Animal Biology Department, Ed. C2, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;,
| | - Jabi Zabala
- Sebero Otxoa 45, 5°B, 48480 Arrigorriaga, Spain
| | - Maria João Santos
- Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.
| | - Margarida Santos-Reis
- Lisbon University, Centre for Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Animal Biology Department, Ed. C2, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;,
| | - David Camps
- Direcció General del Medi Natural, Departament de Medi Ambient i Habitatge, Generalitat de Catalunya, Dr. Roux, 80, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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42
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Barea-Azcón JM, Ballesteros-Duperón E, Gil-Sánchez JM, Virgós E. Badger Meles meles feeding ecology in dry Mediterranean environments of the southwest edge of its distribution range. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4098/j.at.0001-7051.048.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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43
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Stone marten (Martes foina) habitat in a Mediterranean ecosystem: effects of scale, sex, and interspecific interactions. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-009-0317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rosalino LM, Rosário JD, Santos-Reis M. The role of habitat patches on mammalian diversity in cork oak agroforestry systems. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The influence of human, livestock, and ecological features on the occurrence of genet (Genetta genetta): a case study on Mediterranean farmland. Ecol Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-008-0538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Prigioni C, Balestrieri A, Remonti L, Cavada L. Differential use of food and habitat by sympatric carnivores in the eastern Italian Alps. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/11250000701885521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rosellini S, Osorio E, Ruiz-González A, Piñeiro A, Barja I. Monitoring the small-scale distribution of sympatric European pine martens (Martes martes) and stone martens (Martes foina): a multievidence approach using faecal DNA analysis and camera-traps. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2008. [DOI: 10.1071/wr07030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The European pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) are two closely related mustelids that live sympatrically over a large area of Europe. In the northern Iberian Peninsula, the distribution ranges of both species overlap extensively. The objectives of this study were (1) to verify whether, on a small scale, both species also live sympatrically and (2) to compare camera traps and scat DNA as methods for detecting marten species. The study was conducted in a protected area (province of Ourense, north-west Spain), which covers 6700 ha. To test the sympatry hypothesis, 90 fresh faecal samples, identified as faeces of genus Martes on the basis of their morphology, were collected from June 2004 to August 2006. The specific identification of faecal samples was conducted using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques. In addition, 20 camera-traps (916 camera-trap-nights) were in operation during the study period. Of the faecal samples collected, 88.8% were attributed to the European pine marten, while the remaining 11.2% were not amplified by PCR and thus could not be assigned. The European pine marten was identified in 57.9% of the photos of carnivores and the stone marten was not detected in any. The faecal DNA analysis and camera-trap results supported previous conclusions about habitat preferences and the distribution of the two species obtained using other methods. The two non-invasive methods that were used in this study were shown to be reliable techniques that can be employed simultaneously, because each method has advantages and disadvantages that are influenced by the size of the area inventoried, sampling effort, and cost and efficiency of the method. The data gathered using these methods provided important information on the understanding of trophic and competitive interactions between the species.
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