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Duarte Neto JMW, Wanderley MCDA, da Silva TAF, Marques DAV, da Silva GR, Gurgel JF, Oliveira JDP, Porto ALF. Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin production: a systematic review of the past 10 years. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:128. [PMID: 32712871 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the most promising biological control agents used commercially. Its products can contribute to reducing ecological and environmental problems associated with the use of chemical pesticides. Among the limiting factors of using Bt as bioinsecticide are the costs and ensuring its biological activity, which may vary according to the strain and culture conditions. This systematic review aimed to collect state-of-the-art information on the production of Bt endotoxins and to score the methodological feasibility of the data obtained, thus highlighting possible incoherencies. In order to consolidate recent findings and guide future studies, a total of 47 original articles from the last 10 years was analysed, with special attention being given to corroborating data, identifying inconsistencies and suggesting future adjustments so as to increase data reliability. With a maximum score of 8 points, three production parameters were classified on the following scale: preferable (score: 2), adequate (score: 1) and inadequate (score: 0), and another two parameter were classified as adequate (score: 1) or inadequate (score: 0). No article scored more than 6 out of the maximum of 8, thus reflecting the need for more detailed studies regarding Bt endotoxin production. The lack of standardization of methods and units of measurement also have made a comparison of results and an overall analysis difficult. Standards are suggested in the present study. The inclusion of bioassays and quantifying toxin via alkaline dilution are strongly recommended for studies of this nature, along with LC50 expressed in mg/L. Sixteen articles (34%) did not use either of these suggested methods, which indicates the need for further supporting studies. These findings reinforce the need for robust studies in this area, which could include the development of more affordable and effective bioinsecticides, thus increasing their competitiveness against insecticides derived from unsustainable sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manoel W Duarte Neto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, IPA, Av. General San Martin, Recife, PE, 137150761-000, Brazil.,Bioactives Technology Laboratory (LABTECBIO), Animal Morphology and Physiology Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, UFRPE, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, n/nr, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.,Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Lins Do Rego, n/nr, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina de A Wanderley
- Bioactives Technology Laboratory (LABTECBIO), Animal Morphology and Physiology Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, UFRPE, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, n/nr, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.,Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Lins Do Rego, n/nr, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Túlio Alexandre F da Silva
- Bioactives Technology Laboratory (LABTECBIO), Animal Morphology and Physiology Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, UFRPE, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, n/nr, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela A Viana Marques
- University of Pernambuco (UPE), Serra Talhada Campus, Av. Afonso Magalhães, n/nr, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil
| | - Gilvanda R da Silva
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, IPA, Av. General San Martin, Recife, PE, 137150761-000, Brazil
| | - Josimar Fernandes Gurgel
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, IPA, Av. General San Martin, Recife, PE, 137150761-000, Brazil
| | - José de Paula Oliveira
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, IPA, Av. General San Martin, Recife, PE, 137150761-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia F Porto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, IPA, Av. General San Martin, Recife, PE, 137150761-000, Brazil. .,Bioactives Technology Laboratory (LABTECBIO), Animal Morphology and Physiology Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, UFRPE, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, n/nr, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil. .,Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Lins Do Rego, n/nr, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Flores-Céspedes F, Martínez-Domínguez GP, Villafranca-Sánchez M, Fernández-Pérez M. Preparation and Characterization of Azadirachtin Alginate-Biosorbent Based Formulations: Water Release Kinetics and Photodegradation Study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:8391-8398. [PMID: 26345112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The botanical insecticide azadirachtin was incorporated in alginate-based granules to obtain controlled release formulations (CRFs). The basic formulation [sodium alginate (1.47%) - azadirachtin (0.28%) - water] was modified by the addition of biosorbents, obtaining homogeneous hybrid hydrogels with high azadirachtin entrapment efficiency. The effect on azadirachtin release rate caused by the incorporation of biosorbents such as lignin, humic acid, and olive pomace in alginate formulation was studied by immersion of the granules in water under static conditions. The addition of the biosorbents to the basic alginate formulation reduces the rate of release because the lignin-based formulation produces a slower release. Photodegradation experiments showed the potential of the prepared formulations in protecting azadirachtin against simulated sunlight, thus improving its stability. The results showed that formulation prepared with lignin provided extended protection. Therefore, this study provides a new procedure to encapsulate the botanical insecticide azadirachtin, improving its delivery and photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Flores-Céspedes
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Gerardo P Martínez-Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Matilde Villafranca-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Manuel Fernández-Pérez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
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Jallouli W, Sellami S, Sellami M, Tounsi S. Efficacy of olive mill wastewater for protecting Bacillus thuringiensis formulation from UV radiations. Acta Trop 2014; 140:19-25. [PMID: 25093915 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of 10 low-cost UV-absorbers in protecting Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki BLB1 toxins against inactivation by UV-A and UV-B irradiation was evaluated in this study. Among them, two by-products, molasses and olive mill wastewater (OMW) were selected for further studies. They were tested at different concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2% using the para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as a common UV protectant. Interestingly, addition of PABA and OMW to BLB1 formulations was found to be most effective in protecting BLB1 spores at 90.8 and 76.4% respectively and in preserving delta-endotoxin concentration at a level of 81.7 and 72.2%, respectively when used at a concentration of 0.2%. The lowest preserved spores (46.3%) and delta-endotoxin level (12.4%) was found using molasses. In contrast, spore count and delta-endotoxin concentration were completely reduced after an exposure of unprotected Bt strain BLB1 to UV radiations up to 96h. SDS-PAGE analysis of protected and unprotected samples revealed that delta-endotoxin bands (130, 65-70kDa) were conserved until 96h of UV exposure in presence of PABA or OMW compared with their disappearance in presence of molasses after 72h of exposure and their dramatically decline from 8h of exposure in unprotected mixture. A complete loss of larvicidal toxicity against Ephestia kuehniella was found after 24h of exposure in absence of any UV-absorber. Addition of OMW or PABA offered the highest levels of insecticidal activity with 63.2 and 74.7% of residual toxicity, respectively. Whereas, molasses addition, as UV protectant retained only 26.3% of residual activity after 96h of exposure. Therefore, addition of OMW by-product to Bt formulation may be a suitable alternative to others synthetic chemical compounds. OMW may also provided added value, be environmentally friendly and less hazardous, when used at low concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Jallouli
- Biopesticides Team (LPAP), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, P.O. Box: "1177", Sfax 3018, Tunisia.
| | - Sameh Sellami
- Biopesticides Team (LPAP), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, P.O. Box: "1177", Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Maissa Sellami
- Biopesticides Team (LPAP), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, P.O. Box: "1177", Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Slim Tounsi
- Biopesticides Team (LPAP), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, P.O. Box: "1177", Sfax 3018, Tunisia
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Fernández-Pérez M, Flores-Céspedes F, Daza-Fernández I, Vidal-Peña F, Villafranca-Sánchez M. Lignin and Lignosulfonate-Based Formulations To Protect Pyrethrins against Photodegradation and Volatilization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie500186e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Fernández-Pérez
- Department
of Chemistry and
Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Francisco Flores-Céspedes
- Department
of Chemistry and
Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Isabel Daza-Fernández
- Department
of Chemistry and
Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Fernando Vidal-Peña
- Department
of Chemistry and
Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Matilde Villafranca-Sánchez
- Department
of Chemistry and
Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain
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Kim JS, Je YH. Milling effect on the control efficacy of spray-dried Bacillus thuringiensis technical powder against diamondback moths. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2012; 68:321-323. [PMID: 22413132 DOI: 10.1002/ps.2330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the particle size of spray-dried Bacillus thuringiensis NT0423 technical powder and its insecticidal activity against diamondbackmoth was investigated in laboratory and glasshouse conditions. A variety of sizes of Bt particles were made by homogenisation, followed by pilot-scale milling to optimise further the current Bt formulation process. RESULTS In laboratory conditions, homogenised Bt suspension with smaller particles had higher control efficacy against diamondback moth. However, in glasshouse conditions, the smallest particle treatment did not follow the size-dependent insecticidal activity, rather showing decreased control efficacy. Secondly, air-jet-milled Bt powder (16.9 μm) had higher control efficacy than hammer-milled Bt powder (35.1 μm) in glasshouse conditions. However, double air-jet milling (5.3 μm) had lower control efficacy compared with one-time milling. CONCLUSION These results suggest that NT0423 technical powder with smaller particles is better in controlling diamondback moths, but excessively small particles (<10 μm) possibly reduce the insecticidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Su Kim
- Entomology Research Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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