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Albino SL, da Silva Moura WC, dos Reis MML, Sousa GLS, da Silva PR, de Oliveira MGC, Borges TKDS, Albuquerque LFF, de Almeida SMV, de Lima MDCA, Kuckelhaus SAS, Nascimento IJDS, Junior FJBM, da Silva TG, de Moura RO. ACW-02 an Acridine Triazolidine Derivative Presents Antileishmanial Activity Mediated by DNA Interaction and Immunomodulation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:204. [PMID: 37259353 PMCID: PMC9967605 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study proposed the synthesis of a novel acridine derivative not yet described in the literature, chemical characterization by NMR, MS, and IR, followed by investigations of its antileishmanial potential. In vitro assays were performed to assess its antileishmanial activity against L. amazonensis strains and cytotoxicity against macrophages through MTT assay and annexin V-FITC/PI, and the ability to perform an immunomodulatory action using CBA. To investigate possible molecular targets, its interaction with DNA in vitro and in silico targets were evaluated. As results, the compound showed good antileishmanial activity, with IC50 of 6.57 (amastigotes) and 94.97 (promastigotes) µg mL-1, associated with non-cytotoxicity to macrophages (CC50 > 256.00 µg mL-1). When assessed by flow cytometry, 99.8% of macrophages remained viable. The compound induced an antileishmanial effect in infected macrophages and altered TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-6 expression, suggesting a slight immunomodulatory activity. DNA assay showed an interaction with the minor grooves due to the hyperchromic effect of 47.53% and Kb 1.17 × 106 M-1, and was sustained by docking studies. Molecular dynamics simulations and MM-PBSA calculations propose cysteine protease B as a possible target. Therefore, this study demonstrates that the new compound is a promising molecule and contributes as a model for future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonaly Lima Albino
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Willian Charles da Silva Moura
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Malu Maria Lucas dos Reis
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Gleyton Leonel Silva Sousa
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, Brazil
| | - Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Produtos Naturais, Sintéticos e Bioativos, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Karla dos Santos Borges
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular, Área de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fraga Friaça Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular, Área de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Maria do Carmo Alves de Lima
- Laboratório de Química e Inovação Terapêutica, Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Selma Aparecida Souza Kuckelhaus
- Área de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina—UnB, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro/Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Igor José dos Santos Nascimento
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
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2
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Sabt A, Eldehna WM, Ibrahim TM, Bekhit AA, Batran RZ. New antileishmanial quinoline linked isatin derivatives targeting DHFR-TS and PTR1: Design, synthesis, and molecular modeling studies. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114959. [PMID: 36493614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In a search for new drug candidates for one of the neglected tropical diseases, leishmaniasis, twenty quinoline-isatin hybrids were synthesized and tested for their in vitro antileishmanial activity against Leishmaniamajor strain. All the synthesized compounds showed promising in vitro activity against the promastigote form in a low micromolar range (IC50 = 0.5084-5.9486 μM) superior to the reference miltefosine (IC50 = 7.8976 μM). All the target compounds were then tested against the intracellular amastigote form and showed promising inhibition effects (IC50 = 0.60442-8.2948 μM versus 8.08 μM for miltefosine). Compounds 4e, 4b and 4f were shown to possess the highest antileishmanial activity against both promastigote and amastigote forms. The most active compounds were proven to exhibit their significant antileishmanial effects through antifolate mechanism, targeting DHFR-TS and PTR1. To evaluate the safety profile of the most active derivatives 4e, 4b and 4f, the in vitro cytotoxicity test was carried out and displayed higher selectivity indices than the reference miltefosine. Molecular docking within putative target protein PTR1 confirmed the high potentiality of the most active compounds 4e, 4b and 4f to block the catalytic activity of Lm-PTR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sabt
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt; School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, 11829, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt; Bioinformatics Group, Center for Informatics Sciences (CIS), School of Information Technology and Computer Science (ITCS), Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adnan A Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt; Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Rasha Z Batran
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
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3
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Brioschi MBC, Coser EM, Coelho AC, Gadelha FR, Miguel DC. Models for cytotoxicity screening of antileishmanial drugs: what has been done so far? Int J Antimicrob Agents 2022; 60:106612. [PMID: 35691601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have demonstrated the in vitro potential of an impressive number of antileishmanial candidates in the past years. However, the lack of uniformity regarding the choice of cell types for cytotoxicity assays may lead to uncomparable and inconclusive data. In vitro assays relying solely on non-phagocytic cell models may not represent a realistic result as the effect of an antileishmanial agent should ideally be presented based on its cytotoxicity profile against reticuloendothelial system cells. In the present review, we have assembled studies published in the scientific literature from 2015 to 2021 that explored leishmanicidal candidates, emphasising the main host cell models used for cytotoxicity assays. The pros and cons of different host cell types as well as primary cells and cell lines are discussed in order to draw attention to the need to establish standardised protocols for preclinical testing when assessing new antileishmanial candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana B C Brioschi
- Department of Animal Biology-Parasitology Section, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth M Coser
- Department of Animal Biology-Parasitology Section, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano C Coelho
- Department of Animal Biology-Parasitology Section, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Gadelha
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Miguel
- Department of Animal Biology-Parasitology Section, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bortoleti BTDS, Gonçalves MD, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, Camargo PG, Assolini JP, Concato VM, Detoni MB, Bidóia DL, Bispo MDLF, Lima CHDS, de Macedo FC, Conchon-Costa I, Miranda-Sapla MM, Wowk PF, Pavanelli WR. Investigation of the antileishmanial activity and mechanisms of action of acetyl-thiohydantoins. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 351:109690. [PMID: 34637778 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The currently available treatment options for leishmaniasis are associated with high costs, severe side effects, and high toxicity. In previous studies, thiohydantoins demonstrated some pharmacological activities and were shown to be potential hit compounds with antileishmanial properties. The present study further explored the antileishmanial effect of acetyl-thiohydantoins against Leishmania amazonensis and determined the main processes involved in parasite death. We observed that compared to thiohydantoin nuclei, acetyl-thiohydantoin treatment inhibited the proliferation of promastigotes. This treatment caused alterations in cell cycle progression and parasite size and caused morphological and ultrastructural changes. We then investigated the mechanisms involved in the death of the protozoan; there was an increase in ROS production, phosphatidylserine exposure, and plasma membrane permeabilization and a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in an accumulation of lipid bodies and the formation of autophagic vacuoles on these parasites and confirming an apoptosis-like process. In intracellular amastigotes, selected acetyl-thiohydantoins reduced the percentage of infected macrophages and the number of amastigotes/macrophages by increasing ROS production and reducing TNF-α levels. Moreover, thiohydantoins did not induce cytotoxicity in murine macrophages (J774A.1), human monocytes (THP-1), or sheep erythrocytes. In silico and in vitro analyses showed that acetyl-thiohydantoins exerted in vitro antileishmanial effects on L. amazonensis promastigotes in apoptosis-like and amastigote forms by inducing ROS production and reducing TNF-α levels, indicating that they are good candidates for drug discovery studies in leishmaniasis treatment. Additionally, we carried out molecular docking analyses of acetyl-thiohydantoins on two important targets of Leishmania amazonensis: arginase and TNF-alpha converting enzyme. The results suggested that the acetyl groups in the N1-position of the thiohydantoin ring and the ring itself could be pharmacophoric groups due to their affinity for binding amino acid residues at the active site of both enzymes via hydrogen bond interactions. These results demonstrate that thiohydantoins are promising hit compounds that could be used as antileishmanial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute, (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Manoela Daiele Gonçalves
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Biotransformation and Phytochemistry, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute, (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Priscila Goes Camargo
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Research on Bioactive Molecules, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Assolini
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Virginia Marcia Concato
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Barbosa Detoni
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Danielle Larazin Bidóia
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando Cesar de Macedo
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Research on Bioactive Molecules, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ivete Conchon-Costa
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- State University of Londrina (UEL/PR), Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- Department of Chemistry SRMPP Govt First Grade College Huvinahadagali 583219 India
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Yadav P, Shah K. Quinolines, a perpetual, multipurpose scaffold in medicinal chemistry. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104639. [PMID: 33618829 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Quinoline is a versatile pharmacophore, a privileged scaffold and an outstanding fused heterocyclic compound with a wide range of pharmacological prospective such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral drug and superlative moiety in drug discovery. The quinoline hybrids have already been shown excellent results with new targets with a different mode of actions as an inhibitor of cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, angiogenesis, disruption of cell migration and modulation. This review emphasized the mode of action, structure activity relationship and molecular docking to reveal the various active pharmacophores of quinoline hybrids accountable for novel anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and miscellaneous activities. Therefore, several quinoline candidates are under clinical trials for the treatment of certain diseases, for example ferroquine (antimalarial), dactolisib (antitumor) and pelitinib (EGFR TK inhibitors) etc. Plenty of research has been summarized the recent advances of quinoline derivatives and explore the various therapeutic prospects of this moiety. This review would help the researchers to strategically design diverse novel quinoline derivatives for the development of clinically viable drug candidates for the treatment of incurable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Yadav
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP 281406, India
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP 281406, India.
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Albino SL, da Silva JM, de C Nobre MS, de M E Silva YMS, Santos MB, de Araújo RSA, do C A de Lima M, Schmitt M, de Moura RO. Bioprospecting of Nitrogenous Heterocyclic Scaffolds with Potential Action for Neglected Parasitosis: A Review. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4112-4150. [PMID: 32611290 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200701160904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neglected parasitic diseases are a group of infections currently considered as a worldwide concern. This fact can be attributed to the migration of these diseases to developed and developing countries, associated with therapeutic insufficiency resulted from the low investment in the research and development of new drugs. In order to overcome this situation, bioprospecting supports medicinal chemistry in the identification of new scaffolds with therapeutically appropriate physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Among them, we highlight the nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds, as they are secondary metabolites of many natural products with potential biological activity. The objective of this work was to review studies within a 10-year timeframe (2009- 2019), focusing on the pharmacological application of nitrogen bioprospectives (pyrrole, pyridine, indole, quinoline, acridine, and their respective derivatives) against neglected parasitic infections (malaria, leishmania, trypanosomiases, and schistosomiasis), and their application as a template for semi-synthesis or total synthesis of potential antiparasitic agents. In our studies, it was observed that among the selected articles, there was a higher focus on the attempt to identify and obtain novel antimalarial compounds, in a way that an extensive amount of studies involving all heterocyclic nitrogen nuclei were found. On the other hand, the parasites with the lowest number of publications up until the present date have been trypanosomiasis, especially those caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and schistosomiasis, where some heterocyclics have not even been cited in recent years. Thus, we conclude that despite the great biodiversity on the planet, little attention has been given to certain neglected tropical diseases, especially those that reach countries with a high poverty rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonaly L Albino
- Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, R. Baraunas, 351, Cidade Universitaria, Campina Grande, Paraiba, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Jamire M da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Michelangela S de C Nobre
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Yvnni M S de M E Silva
- Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, R. Baraunas, 351, Cidade Universitaria, Campina Grande, Paraiba, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Mirelly B Santos
- Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, R. Baraunas, 351, Cidade Universitaria, Campina Grande, Paraiba, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S A de Araújo
- Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, R. Baraunas, 351, Cidade Universitaria, Campina Grande, Paraiba, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Maria do C A de Lima
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Martine Schmitt
- Universite de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIT UMR 7200, Laboratoire d'innovation therapeutique, Illkirch, France
| | - Ricardo O de Moura
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
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Senerovic L, Opsenica D, Moric I, Aleksic I, Spasić M, Vasiljevic B. Quinolines and Quinolones as Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anti-virulence, Antiviral and Anti-parasitic Agents. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1282:37-69. [PMID: 31515709 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Infective diseases have become health threat of a global proportion due to appearance and spread of microorganisms resistant to majority of therapeutics currently used for their treatment. Therefore, there is a constant need for development of new antimicrobial agents, as well as novel therapeutic strategies. Quinolines and quinolones, isolated from plants, animals, and microorganisms, have demonstrated numerous biological activities such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, and antitumor. For more than two centuries quinoline/quinolone moiety has been used as a scaffold for drug development and even today it represents an inexhaustible inspiration for design and development of novel semi-synthetic or synthetic agents exhibiting broad spectrum of bioactivities. The structural diversity of synthetized compounds provides high and selective activity attained through different mechanisms of action, as well as low toxicity on human cells. This review describes quinoline and quinolone derivatives with antibacterial, antifungal, anti-virulent, antiviral, and anti-parasitic activities with the focus on the last 10 years literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Senerovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dejan Opsenica
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Center of excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, ICTM - University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Moric
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Aleksic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marta Spasić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Vasiljevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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