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Diaz Soria CL, Attenborough T, Lu Z, Fontenla S, Graham J, Hall C, Thompson S, Andrews TGR, Rawlinson KA, Berriman M, Rinaldi G. Single-cell transcriptomics of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni first intra-molluscan stage reveals tentative tegumental and stem-cell regulators. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5974. [PMID: 38472267 PMCID: PMC10933418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a major Neglected Tropical Disease, caused by the infection with blood flukes in the genus Schistosoma. To complete the life cycle, the parasite undergoes asexual and sexual reproduction within an intermediate snail host and a definitive mammalian host, respectively. The intra-molluscan phase provides a critical amplification step that ensures a successful transmission. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the development of the intra-molluscan stages remain poorly understood. Here, single cell suspensions from S. mansoni mother sporocysts were produced and sequenced using the droplet-based 10X Genomics Chromium platform. Six cell clusters comprising two tegument, muscle, neuron, parenchyma and stem/germinal cell clusters were identified and validated by in situ hybridisation. Gene Ontology term analysis predicted key biological processes for each of the clusters, including three stem/germinal sub-clusters. Furthermore, putative transcription factors predicted for stem/germinal and tegument clusters may play key roles during parasite development and interaction with the intermediate host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Attenborough
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Zhigang Lu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Santiago Fontenla
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jennie Graham
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Christopher Hall
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sam Thompson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Kate A Rawlinson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Berriman
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK.
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
| | - Gabriel Rinaldi
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK.
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK.
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Mansour SM, El Einin HMA, Tadrous MM, Ghoname SI. Molecular detection of Schistosoma haematobium in infected Bulinus truncatus snails associated with immune response. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:306-314. [PMID: 37800693 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is one of the most common waterborne parasite illnesses, it is a major public health issue in developing countries. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is used to find Schistosoma haematobium DNA in Bulinus truncatus, which could speed up the discovery of infections before cercariae are shed. DraI-PCR detected S. haematobium infection at different infection intervals with bands at 300 bp in shedding snails 40 days after exposure and even on the first day after B. turancuts snails exposure to miracidia. Transmission electron microscopy showed the structure of sporocyst from 1 to 40 days post-exposure and activated hemocytes in infected non-shedding snails as well as sporocyst degradation. Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of Bax and TGF-β1 positive stained cells that have been linked with infection progression. In conclusion, molecular tools and immune response play an important role in the strategy of controlling schistosomiasis through the early detection of larval stages in intermediate hosts toward certification of schistosomiasis elimination. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: DraI-PCR allowed early detection of S. haematobium at 300 bp in B. truncatus snail. Transmission electron microscopy showed the structure of S. haematobium sporocyst in snail and activated hemocytes in non-shedding snail. Bax protein that induced apoptotic changes and Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 level have been linked with parasite development.
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Duval D, Poteaux P, Gourbal B, Rognon A, Augusto RDC. Fluorescent non transgenic schistosoma to decipher host-parasite phenotype compatibility. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1293009. [PMID: 38106408 PMCID: PMC10721968 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is considered as a significant public health problem, imposing a deeper understanding of the intricate interplay between parasites and their hosts. Unfortunately, current invasive methodologies employed to study the compatibility and the parasite development impose limitations on exploring diverse strains under various environmental conditions, thereby impeding progress in the field. In this study, we demonstrate the usefulness for the trematode parasite Schistosma mansoni, leveranging a fluorescence-imaging-based approach that employs fluorescein 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA) and 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMAC) as organism tracker for intramolluscan studies involving the host snail Biomphalaria glabrata. These probes represent key tools for qualitatively assessing snail infections with unmatched accuracy and precision. By monitoring the fluorescence of parasites within the snail vector, our method exposes an unprecedented glimpse into the host-parasite compatibility landscape. The simplicity and sensitivity of our approach render it an ideal choice for evolutionary studies, as it sheds light on the intricate mechanisms governing host-parasite interactions. Fluorescent probe-based methods play a pivotal role in characterizing factors influencing parasite development and phenotype of compatibility, paving the way for innovative, effective, and sustainable solutions to enhance our understanding host-parasite immunobiological interaction and compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Duval
- IHPE, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Pierre Poteaux
- IHPE, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Benjamin Gourbal
- IHPE, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Anne Rognon
- IHPE, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
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