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Taşkor Önel G. Synthesis of L-Ornithine- and L-Glutamine-Linked PLGAs as Biodegradable Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3998. [PMID: 37836048 PMCID: PMC10575337 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
L-ornithine and L-glutamine are amino acids used for ammonia and nitrogen transport in the human body. Novel biodegradable synthetic poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) derivatives were synthesized via conjugation with L-ornithine or L-glutamine, which were selected due to their biological importance. L-ornithine or L-glutamine was integrated into a PLGA polymer with EDC coupling reactions as a structure developer after the synthesis of PLGA via the polycondensation and ring-opening polymerization of lactide and glycolide. The chemical, thermal, and degradation property-structure relationships of PLGA, PLGA-L-ornithine, and PLGA-L-glutamine were identified. The conjugation between PLGA and the amino acid was confirmed through observation of an increase in the number of carbonyl carbons in the range of 170-160 ppm in the 13C NMR spectrum and the signal of the amide carbonyl vibration at about 1698 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum. The developed PLGA-L-ornithine and PLGA-L-glutamine derivatives were thermally stable and energetic materials. In addition, PLGA-L-ornithine and PLGA-L-glutamine, with their unique hydrophilic properties, had faster degradation times than PLGA in terms of surface-type erosion, which covers their requirements. L-ornithine- and L-glutamine-linked PLGAs are potential candidates for development into biodegradable PLGA-derived biopolymers that can be used as raw materials for biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülce Taşkor Önel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Yalnızbağ, Erzincan 24002, Türkiye
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2
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Hernández-Valencia CG, Hernández-Valdepeña MA, Vázquez A, Cedeño-Caero L, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Gimeno M. Enzymatic poly(gallic acid)-grafted α-l-lysine inhibits Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains with no cytotoxicity for human cells. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 138:212960. [PMID: 35913230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The α-l-Lysine (LL) grafting onto the enzymatic poly(gallic acid) (PGAL) produces a helicoidal brush-like antimicrobial polymer containing outer positive-charged moieties. Best results are found with ca. 16 mol% α-LL-grafting for the inhibition of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli strains. Membrane permeability, confocal and scanning electron microscopy studies suggest a pore-formation and translocation mechanisms by initial electrostatic interaction of positive charged polymer at the negatively charged bacterial membranes. The attained polymer displays high concentration of hemolysis (Hc) in erythrocytes, and no lymphocyte mitochondrial activity. Interestingly, PGAL-LL is not cytotoxic on human dermal fibroblast. The antioxidant activity after the LL hybridization is also demonstrated by DPPH, ORAC, FRAP and hydroxyl radical scavenging, which enhances the preservation of human cells in addition to antimicrobial for this polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen G Hernández-Valencia
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Hernández-Valdepeña
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Vázquez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis Cedeño-Caero
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ciudad de México, Mexico; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Puente 222, Col. Arboledas del Sur, C.P. 14380 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miquel Gimeno
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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Current Advances in Lipid and Polymeric Antimicrobial Peptide Delivery Systems and Coatings for the Prevention and Treatment of Bacterial Infections. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111840. [PMID: 34834254 PMCID: PMC8618997 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections constitute a threat to public health as antibiotics are becoming less effective due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains and biofilm and persister formation. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered excellent alternatives to antibiotics; however, they suffer from limitations related to their peptidic nature and possible toxicity. The present review critically evaluates the chemical characteristics and antibacterial effects of lipid and polymeric AMP delivery systems and coatings that offer the promise of enhancing the efficacy of AMPs, reducing their limitations and prolonging their half-life. Unfortunately, the antibacterial activities of these systems and coatings have mainly been evaluated in vitro against planktonic bacteria in less biologically relevant conditions, with only some studies focusing on the antibiofilm activities of the formulated AMPs and on the antibacterial effects in animal models. Further improvements of lipid and polymeric AMP delivery systems and coatings may involve the functionalization of these systems to better target the infections and an analysis of the antibacterial activities in biologically relevant environments. Based on the available data we proposed which polymeric AMP delivery system or coatings could be profitable for the treatment of the different hard-to-treat infections, such as bloodstream infections and catheter- or implant-related infections.
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Amgoth C, Chen S, Malavath T, Tang G. Block copolymer [(L-GluA-5-BE)- b-(L-AspA-4-BE)]-based nanoflower capsules with thermosensitive morphology and pH-responsive drug release for cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:9258-9268. [PMID: 32969459 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01647k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis of an amino-acid-based di-block copolymer (di-BCP) in-between an l-glutamic acid-5-benzyl ester and l-aspartic acid-4-benzyl ester [(l-GluA-5-BE)-b-(l-AspA-4-BE)] has been reported. However, the synthesis of di-BCP of [(l-GluA-5-BE)-b-(l-AspA-4-BE)] was carried out through the facile modified ring-opening polymerization (ROP) without using any surfactants and harmful chemicals. Interestingly, the synthesized [(l-GluA-5-BE)-b-(l-AspA-4-BE)] has been used to design nanoflower capsules (NFCs) with surface-functionalized nanoflakes and petals. Notably, the simple solvent propanol has been used as a dispersing medium for the di-BCP-based powder to observe morphology of NFCs. Moreover, these amino-acid-based NFCs are biocompatible, biodegradable, and bio-safe for mankind usage. Consequently, di-BCP-based NFCs show changes in morphology with different temperature conditions, i.e., at ∼10 °C, ∼25 °C (RT), and ∼37 °C (body temperature). Furthermore, the average thickness of the surface-functionalized nanopetals has been calculated as ∼324 nm (in diameter). Similarly, the average distance between petals is calculated as 3.6 μm and the pore depth is ∼21 nm. Additionally, the porosity throughout the surface of capsules in-between nanopetals is an advantageous characteristic feature to improve the drug/paclitaxel (PTX) loading capacity. It is a unique and novel approach to design NFCs, which are a potential payload for nanomedicine and cancer therapy. Furthermore, NFCs were used to evaluate the loading efficacy of drugs and showed ∼78% (wt/wt%) of the PTX loading. Moreover, NFCs showed ∼74% drug release at physiological body temperature. Thus, NFCs showed remarkable release at acidic pH medium. However, PTX released from NFCs showed greater cell inhibition (i.e., ∼79%) with an increase of the PTX concentration after 24 h incubation over HeLa (human epithelial cervical cancer) cells. Besides, PTX released from NFC showed significant (∼34%) cell killing capacity. Such promising NFCs are recommended for breast, liver, and lung cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander Amgoth
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou-310028, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou-310028, China.
| | - Tirupathi Malavath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Guping Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou-310028, China.
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5
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Sun W, Liu W, Wu Z, Chen H. Chemical Surface Modification of Polymeric Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e1900430. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Wenying Liu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqiang Wu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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Singhvi MS, Zinjarde SS, Gokhale DV. Polylactic acid: synthesis and biomedical applications. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1612-1626. [PMID: 31021482 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Social and economic development has driven considerable scientific and engineering efforts on the discovery, development and utilization of polymers. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising biopolymers as it can be produced from nontoxic renewable feedstock. PLA has emerged as an important polymeric material for biomedical applications on account of its properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical strength and process ability. Lactic acid (LA) can be obtained by fermentation of sugars derived from renewable resources such as corn and sugarcane. PLA is thus an eco-friendly nontoxic polymer with features that permit use in the human body. Although PLA has a wide spectrum of applications, there are certain limitations such as slow degradation rate, hydrophobicity and low impact toughness associated with its use. Blending PLA with other polymers offers convenient options to improve associated properties or to generate novel PLA polymers/blends for target applications. A variety of PLA blends have been explored for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, implants, sutures and tissue engineering. PLA and their copolymers are becoming widely used in tissue engineering for function restoration of impaired tissues due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. The relationship between PLA material properties, manufacturing processes and development of products with desirable characteristics is described in this article. LA production, PLA synthesis and their applications in the biomedical field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Singhvi
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - S S Zinjarde
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - D V Gokhale
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, NCIM Resource Centre, Pune, India
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7
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Polymeric Nanoparticles in Gene Therapy: New Avenues of Design and Optimization for Delivery Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040745. [PMID: 31027272 PMCID: PMC6523186 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of polymeric nanoparticles is quickly expanding and playing a pivotal role in a wide spectrum of areas ranging from electronics, photonics, conducting materials, and sensors to medicine, pollution control, and environmental technology. Among the applications of polymers in medicine, gene therapy has emerged as one of the most advanced, with the capability to tackle disorders from the modern era. However, there are several barriers associated with the delivery of genes in the living system that need to be mitigated by polymer engineering. One of the most crucial challenges is the effectiveness of the delivery vehicle or vector. In last few decades, non-viral delivery systems have gained attention because of their low toxicity, potential for targeted delivery, long-term stability, lack of immunogenicity, and relatively low production cost. In 1987, Felgner et al. used the cationic lipid based non-viral gene delivery system for the very first time. This breakthrough opened the opportunity for other non-viral vectors, such as polymers. Cationic polymers have emerged as promising candidates for non-viral gene delivery systems because of their facile synthesis and flexible properties. These polymers can be conjugated with genetic material via electrostatic attraction at physiological pH, thereby facilitating gene delivery. Many factors influence the gene transfection efficiency of cationic polymers, including their structure, molecular weight, and surface charge. Outstanding representatives of polymers that have emerged over the last decade to be used in gene therapy are synthetic polymers such as poly(l-lysine), poly(l-ornithine), linear and branched polyethyleneimine, diethylaminoethyl-dextran, poly(amidoamine) dendrimers, and poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate). Natural polymers, such as chitosan, dextran, gelatin, pullulan, and synthetic analogs, with sophisticated features like guanidinylated bio-reducible polymers were also explored. This review outlines the introduction of polymers in medicine, discusses the methods of polymer synthesis, addressing top down and bottom up techniques. Evaluation of functionalization strategies for therapeutic and formulation stability are also highlighted. The overview of the properties, challenges, and functionalization approaches and, finally, the applications of the polymeric delivery systems in gene therapy marks this review as a unique one-stop summary of developments in this field.
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8
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Guest JD, Moore SW, Aimetti AA, Kutikov AB, Santamaria AJ, Hofstetter CP, Ropper AE, Theodore N, Ulich TR, Layer RT. Internal decompression of the acutely contused spinal cord: Differential effects of irrigation only versus biodegradable scaffold implantation. Biomaterials 2018; 185:284-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Kim H, Kim BR, Shin YJ, Cho S, Lee J. Controlled formation of polylysinized inner pores in injectable microspheres of low molecular weight poly(lactide-co-glycolide) designed for efficient loading of therapeutic cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S233-S246. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1491475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongmin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ba Reum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehwi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Onwukwe C, Maisha N, Holland M, Varley M, Groynom R, Hickman D, Uppal N, Shoffstall A, Ustin J, Lavik E. Engineering Intravenously Administered Nanoparticles to Reduce Infusion Reaction and Stop Bleeding in a Large Animal Model of Trauma. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2436-2447. [PMID: 29965731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bleeding from traumatic injury is the leading cause of death for young people across the world, but interventions are lacking. While many agents have shown promise in small animal models, translating the work to large animal models has been exceptionally difficult in great part because of infusion-associated complement activation to nanomaterials that leads to cardiopulmonary complications. Unfortunately, this reaction is seen in at least 10% of the population. We developed intravenously infusible hemostatic nanoparticles that were effective in stopping bleeding and improving survival in rodent models of trauma. To translate this work, we developed a porcine liver injury model. Infusion of the first generation of hemostatic nanoparticles and controls 5 min after injury led to massive vasodilation and exsanguination even at extremely low doses. In naïve animals, the physiological changes were consistent with a complement-associated infusion reaction. By tailoring the zeta potential, we were able to engineer a second generation of hemostatic nanoparticles and controls that did not exhibit the complement response at low and moderate doses but did at the highest doses. These second-generation nanoparticles led to cessation of bleeding within 10 min of administration even though some signs of vasodilation were still seen. While the complement response is still a challenge, this work is extremely encouraging in that it demonstrates that when the infusion-associated complement response is managed, hemostatic nanoparticles are capable of rapidly stopping bleeding in a large animal model of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimdiya Onwukwe
- University of Maryland Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore , Maryland 21050 , United States
| | - Nuzhat Maisha
- University of Maryland Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore , Maryland 21050 , United States
| | - Mark Holland
- University of Maryland Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore , Maryland 21050 , United States
| | - Matt Varley
- Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Rebecca Groynom
- Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - DaShawn Hickman
- Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Nishant Uppal
- Harvard Medical School , 25 Shattuck Street , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Andrew Shoffstall
- Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Jeffrey Ustin
- Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Erin Lavik
- University of Maryland Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore , Maryland 21050 , United States
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Ratay ML, Bellotti E, Gottardi R, Little SR. Modern Therapeutic Approaches for Noninfectious Ocular Diseases Involving Inflammation. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6:10.1002/adhm.201700733. [PMID: 29034584 PMCID: PMC5915344 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease, age-related macular degeneration, and uveitis are ocular diseases that significantly affect the quality of life of millions of people each year. In these diseases, the action of chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and immune cells drives a local inflammatory response that results in ocular tissue damage. Multiple therapeutic strategies are developed to either address the symptoms or abate the underlying cause of these diseases. Herein, the challenges to deliver drugs to the relevant location in the eye for each of these diseases are reviewed along with current and innovative therapeutic approaches that attempt to restore homeostasis within the ocular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Ratay
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall 3700 O’Hara Street Pittsburgh, Pa 15261
| | - Elena Bellotti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall 3700 O’Hara Street Pittsburgh, Pa 15261
| | - Riccardo Gottardi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ri.MED Foundation, 427 Benedum Hall 3700 O’Hara Street Pittsburgh, Pa 15261
| | - Steven R. Little
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Immunology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 940 Benedum Hall 3700 O’Hara Street Pittsburgh Pa 15261
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12
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Wang H, Wu Y, Liu G, Du Z, Cheng X. A Biodegradable and Amphiphilic Linear-Dendritic Copolymer as a Drug Carrier Platform for Intracellular Drug Delivery. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry; Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yan Wu
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry; Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Gongyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Zongliang Du
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry; Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry; Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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Guo L, Zhang H, Wang F, Liu P, Wang Y, Xia G, Liu R, Li X, Yin H, Jiang H, Chen B. Targeted multidrug-resistance reversal in tumor based on PEG-PLL-PLGA polymer nano drug delivery system. Int J Nanomedicine 2015. [PMID: 26213467 PMCID: PMC4509529 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s85587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) and the biodistribution of nanoparticles (NPs) that target leukemia cells in a nude mice model via a surface-bound transferrin (Tf). The cytotoxic cargo of daunorubicin (DNR) and tetrandrine (Tet) was protected in the NPs by an outer coat composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-poly-l-lysine (PLL)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs. Injection of DNR-Tet-Tf-PEG-PLL-PLGA NPs into nude mice bearing MDR leukemia cell K562/A02 xenografts was shown to inhibit tumor growth, and contemporaneous immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissue showed the targeted NPs induced apoptosis in tumor cells. Targeted tumor cells exhibited a marked increase in Tf receptor expression, with noticeable decreases in P-glycoprotein, MDR protein, and nuclear factor κB, as assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Moreover, the concentration of DNR was shown to increase in plasma, tumor tissue, and major organs. Flow cytometry analysis with a near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) dye, NIR797, was used to study the effectiveness of Tf as a targeting group for leukemia cells, a finding that was supported by NIRF imaging in tumor-bearing nude mice. In summary, our studies show that DNR-Tet-Tf-PEG-PLL-PLGA NPs provide a specific and effective means to target cytotoxic drugs to MDR tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Guo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Xia
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hulin Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Liu R, Wang Y, Li X, Bao W, Xia G, Chen W, Cheng J, Xu Y, Guo L, Chen B. Synthesis and characterization of tumor-targeted copolymer nanocarrier modified by transferrin. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2705-19. [PMID: 26045659 PMCID: PMC4448924 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s80948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To increase the encapsulation of hydrophilic antitumor agent daunorubicin (DNR) and multidrug resistance reversal agent tetrandrine (Tet) in the drug delivery system of nano-particles (NPs), a functional copolymer NP composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly-L-lysine (PLL), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was synthesized and then loaded with DNR and Tet simultaneously to construct DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG-NPs using a modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation/diffusion method. And to increase the targeted antitumor effect, DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG-NPs were further modified with transferrin (Tf) due to its specific binding to Tf receptors (TfR), which is highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells. In this study, the influence of the diversity of formulation parameters was investigated systematically, such as drug loading, mean particle size, molecular weight, the concentration of PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf, volume ratio of acetone to dichloromethane, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the external aqueous phase, the volume ratio of the internal aqueous phase to the external aqueous phase, and the type of surfactants in the internal aqueous phase. Meanwhile, its possible effect on cell viability was evaluated. Our results showed that the regular spherical DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf-NPs with a smooth surface, a relatively low polydispersity index, and a diameter of 213.0±12.0 nm could be produced. The encapsulation efficiency was 70.23%±1.91% for DNR and 86.5%±0.70% for Tet, the moderate drug loading was 3.63%±0.15% for DNR and 4.27%±0.13% for Tet. Notably, the accumulated release of DNR and Tet could be sustained over 1 week, and the Tf content was 2.18%±0.04%. In cell viability tests, DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf-NPs could inhibit the proliferation of K562/ADR cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration value (total drug) of DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf-NPs was lower than that of DNR, a mixture of DNR and Tet, and DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG-NPs. These results clearly indicate that the PLGA–PLL–PEG formulation is a potential drug delivery system for hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, and that Tf modification may increase its targeting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglu Wang
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Bao
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Xia
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlong Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Guo
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Solar P, González G, Vilos C, Herrera N, Juica N, Moreno M, Simon F, Velásquez L. Multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles doubly loaded with SPION and ceftiofur retain their physical and biological properties. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:14. [PMID: 25886018 PMCID: PMC4334767 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advances in nanostructure materials are leading to novel strategies for drug delivery and targeting, contrast media for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), agents for hyperthermia and nanocarriers. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are useful for all of these applications, and in drug-release systems, SPIONs allow for the localization, direction and concentration of drugs, providing a broad range of therapeutic applications. In this work, we developed and characterized polymeric nanoparticles based on poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV) functionalized with SPIONs and/or the antibiotic ceftiofur. These nanoparticles can be used in multiple biomedical applications, and the hybrid SPION–ceftiofur nanoparticles (PHBV/SPION/CEF) can serve as a multifunctional platform for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and its associated bacterial infections. Results Morphological examination using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed nanoparticles with a spherical shape and a core-shell structure. The particle size was evaluated using dynamic light scattering (DLS), which revealed a diameter of 243.0 ± 17 nm. The efficiency of encapsulation (45.5 ± 0.6% w/v) of these polymeric nanoparticles was high, and their components were evaluated using spectroscopy. UV–VIS, FTIR and DSC showed that all of the nanoparticles contained the desired components, and these compounds interacted to form a nanocomposite. Using the agar diffusion method and live/dead bacterial viability assays, we demonstrated that these nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, and they retain their magnetic properties as measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Cytotoxicity was assessed in HepG2 cells using live/dead viability assays and MTS, and these assays showed low cytotoxicity with IC50 > 10 mg/mL nanoparticles. Conclusions Our results indicate that hybrid and multifunctional PHBV/SPION/CEF nanoparticles are suitable as a superparamagnetic drug delivery system that can guide, concentrate and site–specifically release drugs with antibacterial activity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-015-0077-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Solar
- Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Medicina, Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Echaurren 183, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Guillermo González
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Av. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Química, Laboratorio de Síntesis Inorgánica y Electroquímica, Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Las Palmeras 3425, Nuñoa, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Cristian Vilos
- Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Medicina, Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Echaurren 183, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Av. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Natalia Herrera
- Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Medicina, Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Echaurren 183, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Natalia Juica
- Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Medicina, Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Echaurren 183, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mabel Moreno
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Av. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Felipe Simon
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 252, Santiago, Chile. .,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, República 590, Santiago, Chile. .,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Luis Velásquez
- Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Medicina, Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Echaurren 183, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Av. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile.
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16
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Arias JL, Unciti-Broceta JD, Maceira J, Del Castillo T, Hernández-Quero J, Magez S, Soriano M, García-Salcedo JA. Nanobody conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for active targeting of African Trypanosomiasis. J Control Release 2014; 197:190-8. [PMID: 25445702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of therapeutics is an alternative approach for the selective treatment of infectious diseases. The surface of African trypanosomes, the causative agents of African trypanosomiasis, is covered by a surface coat consisting of a single variant surface glycoprotein, termed VSG. This coat is recycled by endocytosis at a very high speed, making the trypanosome surface an excellent target for the delivery of trypanocidal drugs. Here, we report the design of a drug nanocarrier based on poly ethylen glycol (PEG) covalently attached (PEGylated) to poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide acid) (PLGA) to generate PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles. This nanocarrier was coupled to a single domain heavy chain antibody fragment (nanobody) that specifically recognizes the surface of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma brucei. Nanoparticles were loaded with pentamidine, the first-line drug for T. b. gambiense acute infection. An in vitro effectiveness assay showed a 7-fold decrease in the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the formulation relative to free drug. Furthermore, in vivo therapy using a murine model of African trypanosomiasis demonstrated that the formulation cured all infected mice at a 10-fold lower dose than the minimal full curative dose of free pentamidine and 60% of mice at a 100-fold lower dose. This nanocarrier has been designed with components approved for use in humans and loaded with a drug that is currently in use to treat the disease. Moreover, this flexible nanobody-based system can be adapted to load any compound, opening a range of new potential therapies with application to other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Arias
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan D Unciti-Broceta
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" (IPBLN-CSIC), PTS Granada, Armilla, Spain; GENYO, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Maceira
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" (IPBLN-CSIC), PTS Granada, Armilla, Spain; GENYO, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Del Castillo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" (IPBLN-CSIC), PTS Granada, Armilla, Spain; GENYO, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Hernández-Quero
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Stefan Magez
- Unit of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Structural Biology, VIB, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miguel Soriano
- GENYO, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - José A García-Salcedo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" (IPBLN-CSIC), PTS Granada, Armilla, Spain; GENYO, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Intravenously administered nanoparticles increase survival following blast trauma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:10293-8. [PMID: 24982180 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1406979111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Explosions account for 79% of combat-related injuries, leading to multiorgan hemorrhage and uncontrolled bleeding. Uncontrolled bleeding is the leading cause of death in battlefield traumas as well as in civilian life. We need to stop the bleeding quickly to save lives, but, shockingly, there are no treatments to stop internal bleeding. A therapy that halts bleeding in a site-specific manner and is safe, stable at room temperature, and easily administered is critical for the advancement of trauma care. To address this need, we have developed hemostatic nanoparticles that are administered intravenously. When tested in a model of blast trauma with multiorgan hemorrhaging, i.v. administration of the hemostatic nanoparticles led to a significant improvement in survival over the short term (1 h postblast). No complications from this treatment were apparent out to 3 wk. This work demonstrates that these particles have the potential to save lives and fundamentally change trauma care.
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18
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Marin E, Briceño MI, Caballero-George C. Critical evaluation of biodegradable polymers used in nanodrugs. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:3071-90. [PMID: 23990720 PMCID: PMC3753153 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s47186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of biodegradable polymers for biomedical applications has increased in recent decades due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, flexibility, and minimal side effects. Applications of these materials include creation of skin, blood vessels, cartilage scaffolds, and nanosystems for drug delivery. These biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles enhance properties such as bioavailability and stability, and provide controlled release of bioactive compounds. This review evaluates the classification, synthesis, degradation mechanisms, and biological applications of the biodegradable polymers currently being studied as drug delivery carriers. In addition, the use of nanosystems to solve current drug delivery problems are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Marin
- Unit of Pharmacology, Center of Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services, Archaria Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India
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Shoffstall AJ, Everhart LM, Varley ME, Soehnlen ES, Shick AM, Ustin JS, Lavik EB. Tuning ligand density on intravenous hemostatic nanoparticles dramatically increases survival following blunt trauma. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2790-7. [PMID: 23841817 DOI: 10.1021/bm400619v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Targeted nanoparticles are being pursued for a range of medical applications. Here we utilized targeted nanoparticles (synthetic platelets) to halt bleeding in acute trauma. One of the major questions that arises in the field is the role of surface ligand density in targeted nanoparticles' performance. We developed intravenous hemostatic nanoparticles (GRGDS-NP1) and previously demonstrated their ability to reduce bleeding following femoral artery injury and increase survival after lethal liver trauma in the rat. These nanoparticles are made from block copolymers, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly L-lysine-b-poly(ethylene glycol). Surface-conjugated targeting ligand density can be tightly controlled with this system, and here we investigated the effect of varying density on hemostasis and biodistribution. We increased the targeting peptide (GRGDS) concentration 100-fold (GRGDS-NP100) and undertook an in vitro dose-response study using rotational thromboelastometry, finding that GRGDS-NP100 hemostatic nanoparticles were efficacious at doses at least 10 times lower than the GRGDS-NP1. These results were recapitulated in vivo, demonstrating efficacy at eight-fold lower concentration after lethal liver trauma. 1 h survival increased to 92% compared with a scrambled peptide control, 45% (OR = 14.4, 95% CI = [1.36, 143]), a saline control, 47% (OR = 13.5, 95% CI = [1.42, 125]), and GRGDS-NP1, 80% (OR = 1.30, n.s.). This work demonstrates the impact of changing synthetic platelet ligand density on hemostasis and lays the foundation for methods to determine optimal ligand concentration parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Shoffstall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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20
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Shoffstall AJ, Atkins KT, Groynom RE, Varley ME, Everhart LM, Lashof-Sullivan MM, Martyn-Dow B, Butler RS, Ustin JS, Lavik EB. Intravenous hemostatic nanoparticles increase survival following blunt trauma injury. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:3850-7. [PMID: 22998772 DOI: 10.1021/bm3013023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Trauma is the leading cause of death for people ages 1-44, with blood loss comprising 60-70% of mortality in the absence of lethal CNS or cardiac injury. Immediate intervention is critical to improving chances of survival. While there are several products to control bleeding for external and compressible wounds, including pressure dressings, tourniquets, or topical materials (e.g., QuikClot, HemCon), there are no products that can be administered in the field for internal bleeding. There is a tremendous unmet need for a hemostatic agent to address internal bleeding in the field. We have developed hemostatic nanoparticles (GRGDS-NPs) that reduce bleeding times by ~50% in a rat femoral artery injury model. Here, we investigated their impact on survival following administration in a lethal liver resection injury in rats. Administration of these hemostatic nanoparticles reduced blood loss following the liver injury and dramatically and significantly increased 1 h survival from 40 and 47% in controls (inactive nanoparticles and saline, respectively) to 80%. Furthermore, we saw no complications following administration of these nanoparticles. We further characterized the nanoparticles' effect on clotting time (CT) and maximum clot firmness (MCF) using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), a clinical measurement of whole-blood coagulation. Clotting time is significantly reduced, with no change in MCF. Administration of these hemostatic nanoparticles after massive trauma may help staunch bleeding and improve survival in the critical window following injury, and this could fundamentally change trauma care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Shoffstall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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21
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Fields RJ, Cheng CJ, Quijano E, Weller C, Kristofik N, Duong N, Hoimes C, Egan ME, Saltzman WM. Surface modified poly(β amino ester)-containing nanoparticles for plasmid DNA delivery. J Control Release 2012; 164:41-8. [PMID: 23041278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of biodegradable polymers provides a potentially safe and effective alternative to viral and liposomal vectors for the delivery of plasmid DNA to cells for gene therapy applications. In this work we describe the formulation of a novel nanoparticle (NP) system containing a blend of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and a representative poly(beta-amino) ester (PLGA and PBAE respectively) for use as gene delivery vehicles. Particles of different weight/weight (wt/wt) ratios of the two polymers were characterized for size, morphology, plasmid DNA (pDNA) loading and surface charge. NPs containing PBAE were more effective at cellular internalization and transfection (COS-7 and CFBE41o-) than NPs lacking the PBAE polymer. However, along with these delivery benefits, PBAE exhibited cytotoxic effects that presented an engineering challenge. Surface coating of these blended particles with the cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) mTAT, bPrPp and MPG via a PEGylated phospholipid linker (DSPE-PEG2000) resulted in NPs that reduced surface charge and cellular toxicity to levels comparable with NPs formulated with only PLGA. Additionally, these coated nanoparticles showed an improvement in pDNA loading, intracellular uptake and transfection efficiency, when compared to NPs lacking the surface coating. Although all particles with a CPP coating outperformed unmodified NPs, respectively, bPrPp and MPG coating resulted in 3 and 4.5× more pDNA loading than unmodified particles and approximately an order of magnitude improvement on transfection efficiency in CFBE41o- cells. These results demonstrate that surface-modified PBAE containing NPs are a highly effective and minimally toxic platform for pDNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Fields
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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22
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Carreras N, Acuña V, Martí M, Lis MJ. Drug release system of ibuprofen in PCL-microspheres. Colloid Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-012-2768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Blum MM, Ovaert TC. A novel polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel functionalized with organic boundary lubricant for use as low-friction cartilage substitute: Synthesis, physical/chemical, mechanical, and friction characterization. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1755-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Blum MM, Ovaert TC. Experimental and numerical tribological studies of a boundary lubricant functionalized poro-viscoelastic PVA hydrogel in normal contact and sliding. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2012; 14:248-58. [PMID: 22947923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are a cross-linked network of polymers swollen with liquid and have the potential to be used as a synthetic replacement for local defects in load bearing tissues such as articular cartilage. Hydrogels display viscoelastic time dependent behavior, therefore experimental analysis of stresses at the surface and within the gel is difficult to perform. A three-dimensional model of a hydrogel was developed in the commercial finite element software ABAQUS™, implementing a poro-viscoelastic constitutive model along with a contact-dependent flow state and friction conditions. Water content measurements, sliding, and indentation experiments were performed on neat polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and on low friction boundary lubricant functionalized (BLF-PVA) hydrogels, both manufactured by freeze-thaw processes. Modulus results from the indentation experiments and coefficient of friction values from the sliding experiments were used as material property inputs to the model, while water content was used to calculate initial flow conditions. Tangential force and normal displacement data from a three-dimensional simulation of sliding were compared with the experiments. The tangential force patterns indicated important similarities with the fabricated hydrogels that included an initially high force value due to time dependent deformation followed by a decrease in a stabile value. A similar trend was observed with the normal displacement. These comparisons rendered the model suitable as a representation and were used to analyze the development and propagation of stresses in the immediate surface region. The results showed that in a three-dimensional stress field during sliding, the maximum stress shifted to the surface and rotated closer to the leading edge of contact. This occurred because the stress field becomes dominated by an amplified compressive stress at the leading edge due to the biphasic viscoelastic response of the material during sliding. Also, the complex multi-axial contact stress field was reduced to focus predominately on stress in the contact surface region in the direction of sliding. The results showed that during biphasic viscoelastic frictional sliding, the maximum tensile stress develops at the trailing edge of contact and a compressive stress develops at the leading edge in the direction of motion. The BLF-PVA hydrogels displayed a decrease in this tensile and compressive stress as compared to the standard PVA. The diminishment of these stresses would be expected to give the BLF-PVA hydrogels lower material wear with greater life expectancy as a synthetic articular cartilage implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Blum
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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Tran VT, Karam JP, Garric X, Coudane J, Benoît JP, Montero-Menei CN, Venier-Julienne MC. Protein-loaded PLGA–PEG–PLGA microspheres: A tool for cell therapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 45:128-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Reul R, Tsapis N, Hillaireau H, Sancey L, Mura S, Recher M, Nicolas J, Coll JL, Fattal E. Near infrared labeling of PLGA for in vivo imaging of nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py00520d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Flores-Fernández GM, Griebenow K. Glycosylation improves α-chymotrypsin stability upon encapsulation in poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid microspheres. RESULTS IN PHARMA SCIENCES 2012; 2:46-51. [PMID: 23419866 PMCID: PMC3572538 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinphs.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing protein stability upon encapsulation and release from polymers is a key issue in sustained release applications. In addition, optimum drug dispersion in the polymer particles is critical for achieving release profiles with low unwanted initial “burst” release. Herein, we address both issues by formulating the model enzyme α-chymotrypsin (α-CT) as nanoparticles to improve drug dispersion and by covalently modifying it with glycans to afford improved stability during encapsulation in poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres. α-CT was chemically modified with activated lactose (500 Da) to achieve molar ratios of 4.5 and 7.1 lactose-to-protein. The bioconjugates were co-lyophilized with methyl-β-cyclodextrin followed by suspension in ethyl acetate to afford nanoparticles. Nanoparticle formation did not significantly impact protein stability; less than 5% of the protein was aggregated and the residual activity remained above 90% for all formulations. Using a solid-in-oil-in-water (s/o/w) methodology developed in our laboratory for nanoparticles, we obtained a maximum encapsulation efficiency of 61%. Glycosylation completely prevented otherwise substantial protein aggregation and activity loss during encapsulation of the non-modified enzyme. Moreover, in vitro protein release was improved for glycosylated formulations. These results highlight the potential of chemical glycosylation to improve the stability of pharmaceutical proteins in sustained release applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle M Flores-Fernández
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23346, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3346
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Ulery BD, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Biomedical Applications of Biodegradable Polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE. PART B, POLYMER PHYSICS 2011; 49:832-864. [PMID: 21769165 PMCID: PMC3136871 DOI: 10.1002/polb.22259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1179] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of polymers as biomaterials has greatly impacted the advancement of modern medicine. Specifically, polymeric biomaterials that are biodegradable provide the significant advantage of being able to be broken down and removed after they have served their function. Applications are wide ranging with degradable polymers being used clinically as surgical sutures and implants. In order to fit functional demand, materials with desired physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical and degradation properties must be selected. Fortunately, a wide range of natural and synthetic degradable polymers has been investigated for biomedical applications with novel materials constantly being developed to meet new challenges. This review summarizes the most recent advances in the field over the past 4 years, specifically highlighting new and interesting discoveries in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret D. Ulery
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Institute of Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Lakshmi S. Nair
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Institute of Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Chemical, Materials & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Institute of Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Chemical, Materials & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
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Indolfi L, Causa F, Giovino C, Ungaro F, Quaglia F, Netti PA. Microsphere-integrated drug-eluting stents: PLGA microsphere integration in hydrogel coating for local and prolonged delivery of hydrophilic antirestenosis agents. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 97:201-11. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bhise NS, Shmueli RB, Sunshine JC, Tzeng SY, Green JJ. Drug delivery strategies for therapeutic angiogenesis and antiangiogenesis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:485-504. [PMID: 21338327 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.558082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis is essential to human biology and of great clinical significance. Excessive or reduced angiogenesis can result in, or exacerbate, several disease states, including tumor formation, exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and ischemia. Innovative drug delivery systems can increase the effectiveness of therapies used to treat angiogenesis-related diseases. AREAS COVERED This paper reviews the basic biology of angiogenesis, including current knowledge about its disruption in diseases, with the focus on cancer and AMD. Anti- and proangiogenic drugs available for clinical use or in development are also discussed, as well as experimental drug delivery systems that can potentially improve these therapies to enhance or reduce angiogenesis in a more controlled manner. EXPERT OPINION Laboratory and clinical results have shown pro- or antiangiogenic drug delivery strategies to be effective in drastically slowing disease progression. Further research in this area will increase the efficacy, specificity and duration of these therapies. Future directions with composite drug delivery systems may make possible targeting of multiple factors for synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupura S Bhise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Edlund U, Sauter T, Albertsson AC. Covalent VEGF protein immobilization on resorbable polymeric surfaces. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Edlund U, Sauter T, Albertsson AC. Covalent VEGF protein immobilization on resorbable polymeric surfaces. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bertram JP, Rauch MF, Chang K, Lavik EB. Using polymer chemistry to modulate the delivery of neurotrophic factors from degradable microspheres: delivery of BDNF. Pharm Res 2009; 27:82-91. [PMID: 19921405 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-009-0009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in neuroprotection and repair, but long-term delivery from polymer systems has been challenging. We investigated the role the chemistry of the polymer played in loading and delivery of BDNF via microspheres, which are suitable for minimally invasive administration. METHODS We synthesized polymers based on PLGA and PEG to determine what components augmented loading and delivery. We characterized microspheres fabricated from these polymers using a battery of tests, including sizing, in vitro release, and bioactivity of the BDNF using PC12 cells engineered to express the trkB receptor. RESULTS We found that a triblock polymer of PLGA, PLL, and PEG led to the delivery of BDNF for periods of time greater than 60 days and that the BDNF delivered was bioactive. The microsphere size was amendable to injection via a 30 gauge needle, allowing minimally invasive delivery. CONCLUSIONS PLGA-PLL-PEG leads to greater loading and longer-term delivery of BDNF than PLGA or a blend of the polymers. We hypothesize that the introduction of an amphiphilic PLGA-based polymer increases the interaction of the BDNF with the polymer and leads to release that more closely correlates with the degradation of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Bertram
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect Street, Malone Engineering Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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