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DeMoya CD, Joenathan A, Lawson TB, Felson DT, Schaer TP, Bais M, Albro MB, Mäkelä J, Snyder BD, Grinstaff MW. Advances in viscosupplementation and tribosupplementation for early-stage osteoarthritis therapy. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:432-451. [PMID: 38858605 PMCID: PMC11348290 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Joint kinematic instability, arising from congenital or acquired musculoskeletal pathoanatomy or from imbalances in anabolism and catabolism induced by pathophysiological factors, leads to deterioration of the composition, structure and function of cartilage and, ultimately, progression to osteoarthritis (OA). Alongside articular cartilage degeneration, synovial fluid lubricity decreases in OA owing to a reduction in the concentration and molecular weight of hyaluronic acid and surface-active mucinous glycoproteins that form a lubricating film over the articulating joint surfaces. Minimizing friction between articulating joint surfaces by lubrication is fundamental for decreasing hyaline cartilage wear and for maintaining the function of synovial joints. Augmentation with highly viscous supplements (that is, viscosupplementation) offers one approach to re-establishing the rheological and tribological properties of synovial fluid in OA. However, this approach has varied clinical outcomes owing to limited intra-articular residence time and ineffective mechanisms of chondroprotection. This Review discusses normal hyaline cartilage function and lubrication and examines the advantages and disadvantages of various strategies for restoring normal joint lubrication. These strategies include contemporary viscosupplements that contain antioxidants, anti-inflammatory drugs or platelet-rich plasma and new synthetic synovial fluid additives and cartilage matrix enhancers. Advanced biomimetic tribosupplements offer promise for mitigating cartilage wear, restoring joint function and, ultimately, improving patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D DeMoya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anisha Joenathan
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taylor B Lawson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Felson
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Thomas P Schaer
- PENN VET Institute for Medical Translation, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine New Bolton Center, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Manish Bais
- Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael B Albro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janne Mäkelä
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brian D Snyder
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Yan R, Yang H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Xie R, Ren L. A Dual Functional Bioinspired Lubricant for Osteoarthritis Treatment and Potential Prevention. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38608288 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), primarily characterized by the deterioration of articular cartilage, is a highly prevalent joint-disabling disease. The pathological onset and progression of OA are closely related to cartilage lubrication dysfunction and synovial inflammation. Synergistic options targeted at restorative lubrication and anti-inflammation are expected to be the most attractive candidates to treat OA and perhaps help prevent it. Herein, a bioinspired lubricant (HA/PA@Lipo) was fabricated by combining anionic hyaluronan-graft-poly(2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt) (HA/PA) with cationic liposomes (Lipo) via electrostatic interaction. HA/PA@Lipo mimicked the lubrication complex located on the outer cartilage surface and was endowed cartilage with excellent cartilage-lubricating performances. After the antioxidant gallic acid (GA) was loaded for dual functionality, HA/PA@Lipo-GA was prepared with added anti-inflammatory properties. HA/PA@Lipo-GA showed favorable biocompatibility with C28/I2 cells, inhibited the production of reactive oxygen, and regulated the expression levels of anabolic genes and proteins. The therapeutic effects of HA/PA@Lipo-GA were evaluated using a sodium iodoacetate-induced OA rat model, and the preventive effects of HA/PA@Lipo-GA were estimated in vivo. The results suggested the robust potential of HA/PA@Lipo-GA with dual functions as a candidate option for OA treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sa Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Renjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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3
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Qadri MM. Targeting CD44 Receptor Pathways in Degenerative Joint Diseases: Involvement of Proteoglycan-4 (PRG4). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1425. [PMID: 37895896 PMCID: PMC10609794 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and gout are the most prevalent degenerative joint diseases (DJDs). The pathogenesis underlying joint disease in DJDs remains unclear. Considering the severe toxicities reported with anti-inflammatory and disease-modifying agents, there is a clear need to develop new treatments that are specific in their effect while not being associated with significant toxicities. A key feature in the development of joint disease is the overexpression of adhesion molecules, e.g., CD44. Expression of CD44 and its variants in the synovial tissues of patients with DJDs is strongly associated with cartilage damage and appears to be a predicting factor of synovial inflammation in DJDs. Targeting CD44 and its downstream signaling proteins has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. PRG4 is a mucinous glycoprotein that binds to the CD44 receptor and is physiologically involved in joint lubrication. PRG4-CD44 is a pivotal regulator of synovial lining cell hemostasis in the joint, where lack of PRG4 expression triggers chronic inflammation and fibrosis, driven by persistent activation of synovial cells. In view of the significance of CD44 in DJD pathogenesis and the potential biological role for PRG4, this review aims to summarize the involvement of PRG4-CD44 signaling in controlling synovitis, synovial hypertrophy, and tissue fibrosis in DJDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M. Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Inflammation Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Unit, Medical Research Center (MRC), Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Murgia M, Brocca L, Monti E, Franchi MV, Zwiebel M, Steigerwald S, Giacomello E, Sartori R, Zampieri S, Capovilla G, Gasparini M, Biolo G, Sandri M, Mann M, Narici MV. Plasma proteome profiling of healthy subjects undergoing bed rest reveals unloading-dependent changes linked to muscle atrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:439-451. [PMID: 36517414 PMCID: PMC9891930 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inactivity and unloading induce skeletal muscle atrophy, loss of strength and detrimental metabolic effects. Bed rest is a model to study the impact of inactivity on the musculoskeletal system. It not only provides information for bed-ridden patients care, but it is also a ground-based spaceflight analogue used to mimic the challenges of long space missions for the human body. In both cases, it would be desirable to develop a panel of biomarkers to monitor muscle atrophy in a minimally invasive way at point of care to limit the onset of muscle loss in a personalized fashion. METHODS We applied mass spectrometry-based proteomics to measure plasma protein abundance changes in response to 10 days of bed rest in 10 young males. To validate the correlation between muscle atrophy and the significant hits emerging from our study, we analysed in parallel, with the same pipeline, a cohort of cancer patients with or without cachexia and age-matched controls. Our analysis resulted in the quantification of over 500 proteins. RESULTS Unloading affected plasma concentration of proteins of the complement cascade, lipid carriers and proteins derived from tissue leakage. Among the latter, teneurin-4 increased 1.6-fold in plasma at bed rest day 10 (BR10) compared with BR0 (6.E9 vs. 4.3E9, P = 0.02) and decreased to 0.6-fold the initial abundance after 2 days of recovery at normal daily activity (R + 2, 2.7E9, P = 3.3E-4); the extracellular matrix protein lumican was decreased to 0.7-fold (1.2E9 vs. 8.5E8, P = 1.5E-4) at BR10 and remained as low at R + 2. We identified six proteins distinguishing subjects developing unloading-mediated muscle atrophy (decrease of >4% of quadriceps cross-sectional area) from those largely maintaining their initial muscle mass. Among them, transthyretin, a thyroid hormone-binding protein, was significantly less abundant at BR10 in the plasma of subjects with muscle atrophy compared with those with no atrophy (1.6E10 vs. 2.6E10, P = 0.001). Haptoglobin-related protein was also significantly reduced in the serum of cancer patients with cachexia compared with that of controls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight a combination or proteomic changes that can be explored as potential biomarkers of muscle atrophy occurring under different conditions. The panel of significant proteomic differences distinguishing atrophy-prone and atrophy-resistant subjects after 10 days of bed rest need to be tested in a larger cohort to validate their potential to predict inactivity-triggered muscle loss in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Murgia
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
- Max‐Planck‐Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Lorenza Brocca
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Elena Monti
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | - Martino V. Franchi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
- CIR‐MYO Myology CenterPaduaItaly
| | | | | | - Emiliana Giacomello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Roberta Sartori
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
- Veneto Institute of Molecular MedicinePadovaItaly
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
- CIR‐MYO Myology CenterPaduaItaly
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological SciencesPadova University HospitalPaduaItaly
| | - Giovanni Capovilla
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological SciencesPadova University HospitalPaduaItaly
| | | | - Gianni Biolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
- Veneto Institute of Molecular MedicinePadovaItaly
| | - Matthias Mann
- Max‐Planck‐Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Marco V. Narici
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
- CIR‐MYO Myology CenterPaduaItaly
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5
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Wan H, Zhao X, Lin C, Kaper HJ, Sharma PK. Nanostructured Coating for Biomaterial Lubrication through Biomacromolecular Recruitment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:23726-23736. [PMID: 32347093 PMCID: PMC8192053 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials employed in the articular joint cavity, such as polycarbonate urethane (PCU) for meniscus replacement, lack of lubrication ability, leading to pain and tissue degradation. We present a nanostructured adhesive coating based on dopamine-modified hyaluronan (HADN) and poly-lysine (PLL), which can reestablish boundary lubrication between the cartilage and biomaterial. Lubrication restoration takes place without the need of exogenous lubricious molecules but through a novel strategy of recruitment of native lubricious molecules present in the surrounding milieu. The biomimetic adhesive coating PLL-HADN (78 nm thickness) shows a high adhesive strength (0.51 MPa) to PCU and a high synovial fluid responsiveness. The quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring shows the formation of a thick and softer layer when these coatings are brought in contact with the synovial fluid. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ConA-Alexa staining show clear signs of lubricious protein (PRG4) recruitment on the PLL-HADN surface. Effective recruitment of a lubricious protein by PLL-HADN caused it to dissipate only one-third of the frictional energy as compared to bare PCU when rubbed against the cartilage. Histology shows that this reduction makes the PLL-HADN highly chondroprotective, whereas PLL-HA coatings still show signs of cartilage wear. Shear forces in the range of 0.07-0.1 N were able to remove ∼80% of the PRG4 from the PCU-PLL-HA but only 27% from the PCU-PLL-HADN. Thus, in this study, we have shown that surface recruitment and strong adsorption of biomacromolecules from the surrounding milieu is an effective biomaterial lubrication strategy. This opens up new possibilities for lubrication system reconstruction for medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Wan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Xinghong Zhao
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Department of Molecular
Genetics, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen 9747 AG, The
Netherlands
| | - Chengxiong Lin
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Jan Kaper
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Prashant Kumar Sharma
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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6
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Sarkar A, Chanda A, Regmi SC, Karve K, Deng L, Jay GD, Jirik FR, Schmidt TA, Bonni S. Recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) suppresses breast cancer cell invasion by inhibiting TGFβ-Hyaluronan-CD44 signalling pathway. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219697. [PMID: 31361756 PMCID: PMC6667139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. The ability of cancer cells to become invasive and migratory contribute significantly to metastatic growth, which necessitates the identification of novel anti-migratory and anti-invasive therapeutic approaches. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), a mucin-like glycoprotein, contributes to joint synovial homeostasis through its friction-reducing and anti-adhesive properties. Adhesion to surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) components is critical for cancer cells to invade the ECM and eventually become metastatic, raising the question whether PRG4 has an anti-invasive effect on cancer cells. Here, we report that a full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) suppresses the ability of the secreted protein transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) to induce phenotypic disruption of three-dimensional human breast cancer cell-derived organoids by reducing ligand-induced cell invasion. In mechanistic studies, we find that rhPRG4 suppresses TGFβ-induced invasiveness of cancer cells by inhibiting the downstream hyaluronan (HA)-cell surface cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) signalling axis. Furthermore, we find that rhPRG4 represses TGFβ-dependent increase in the protein abundance of CD44 and of the enzyme HAS2, which is involved in HA biosynthesis. It is widely accepted that TGFβ has both tumor suppressing and tumor promoting roles in cancer. The novel finding that rhPRG4 opposes HAS2 and CD44 induction by TGFβ has implications for downregulating the tumor promoting roles, while maintaining the tumor suppressive aspects of TGFβ actions. Finally, these findings point to rhPRG4's potential clinical utility as a therapeutic treatment for invasive and metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusi Sarkar
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ayan Chanda
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Suresh C. Regmi
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kunal Karve
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lili Deng
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gregory D. Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine—Alpert Medical School & School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Frank R. Jirik
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tannin A. Schmidt
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SB); (TS)
| | - Shirin Bonni
- The Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail: (SB); (TS)
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7
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Hayes AJ, Melrose J. Glycosaminoglycan and Proteoglycan Biotherapeutics in Articular Cartilage Protection and Repair Strategies: Novel Approaches to Visco‐supplementation in Orthobiologics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Hayes
- Bioimaging Research HubCardiff School of BiosciencesCardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AX Wales UK
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUNSW Sydney Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research LaboratoriesKolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital and The Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Sydney St. Leonards NSW 2065 Australia
- Sydney Medical SchoolNorthernRoyal North Shore HospitalSydney University St. Leonards NSW 2065 Australia
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8
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Kobler JB, Tynan MA, Zeitels SM, Liss AS, Gianatasio MT, Morin AA, Schmidt TA. Lubricin/proteoglycan 4 detected in vocal folds of humans and five other mammals. Laryngoscope 2019; 129:E229-E237. [PMID: 30613972 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Lubricin/proteoglycan-4 (PRG4) lubricates connective tissues such as joints and tendon sheaths, enabling them to better withstand shearing and frictional forces during motion. We wondered whether PRG4 might play a role in phonation, as normal vocal folds withstand repetitive, high-velocity deformations remarkably well. As a first step, we tested whether PRG4 is expressed in vocal folds. STUDY DESIGN Laboratory study. METHODS Anatomical and molecular methods were applied to 47 larynges from humans, macaque (Macaca fascicularis), canines, pigs, calves, and rats. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) methods were used to test for the presence of PRG4. RESULTS In all species, the true vocal fold lamina propria (TVF-LP) was positive for PRG4 by IHC, whereas immunoreactivity of the false vocal fold was weak or absent, depending on the species. Human TVF-LP was strongly stained across all layers. Immunoreactivity was seen variably on the vocal fold surface and within the vocal fold epithelium, in the conus elasticus and thyroglottic ligament, and at the tip of vocal process. Western blots of four humans and six pigs demonstrated immunoreactivity at appropriate molecular weight. qRT-PCR of pig tissues confirmed PRG4 mRNA expression, which was highest in the TVF-LP. CONCLUSIONS PRG4 was found in phonatory tissues of six mammals. We suggest it might act as a lubricant within the lamina propria and possibly on the vocal fold surface, limiting phonation-related damage to vocal fold extracellular matrix and epithelium, and enhancing vocal efficiency by reducing internal friction (viscosity) within the vocal fold. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 129:E229-E237, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Kobler
- Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Monica A Tynan
- Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Steven M Zeitels
- Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Andrew S Liss
- Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Maria T Gianatasio
- Cancer Center Histopathology Core, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Alyssa A Morin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
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9
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Abubacker S, McPeak A, Dorosz SG, Egberts P, Schmidt TA. Effect of counterface on cartilage boundary lubricating ability by proteoglycan 4 and hyaluronan: Cartilage-glass versus cartilage-cartilage. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:2923-2931. [PMID: 29978918 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different sliding interface materials (counterface) on the cartilage lubricating ability of proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) and hyaluronan (HA) by measuring the kinetic coefficient of friction on cartilage-glass and cartilage-cartilage interfaces over a wide range of sliding velocities. The lubrication properties of PRG4 and HA were assessed at cartilage-glass and cartilage-cartilage interfaces using a previously described test setup with a stationary area of contact. Samples were articulated at varying effective sliding velocities of 10, 3, 1, 0.3, 0.1, and 0.01 mm/s. The response of PRG4 and HA as effective friction-reducing cartilage boundary lubricants was varied and was dependent primarily on the test counterface. At a physiological cartilage-cartilage interface both HA and PRG4 effectively reduced friction compared to PBS at slower speeds while at higher speeds PRG4 was similar to PBS, and HA similar to SF. Conversely, at a cartilage-glass interface HA demonstrated no friction reducing ability compared to PBS, and PRG4 appeared just as effective as SF. Cartilage-glass friction coefficients were also significantly greater than cartilage-cartilage friction coefficients. These results indicate the in vitro friction coefficient of putative cartilage boundary lubricants can be affected by the test counterface and suggest that use of synthetic surfaces in studying cartilage boundary lubrication may not always be appropriate for all molecules of interest. As such, care should be taken when interpreting such data, specifically when comparing to in vitro data obtained at a cartilage-cartilage interface, and especially when extrapolating to in vivo situations. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2923-2931, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Abubacker
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Allison McPeak
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sam G Dorosz
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Philip Egberts
- Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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10
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Korogiannaki M, Samsom M, Schmidt TA, Sheardown H. Surface-Functionalized Model Contact Lenses with a Bioinspired Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4)-Grafted Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:30125-30136. [PMID: 30114356 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ocular dryness and discomfort are the primary reasons for the discontinuation of contact lens wear. This is mainly due to poorly hydrated contact lens surfaces and increased friction, particularly at the end of the day and can potentially cause reduced vision or even inflammation. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein with boundary lubricating properties, naturally found in the eye, able to prevent tear film evaporation and protect the ocular surface during blinking. Aiming to improve the interfacial interactions between the ocular surface and the contact lens, the synthesis and characterization of surface-modified model contact lenses with PRG4 is described. Full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) was successfully grafted onto the surface of model conventional and silicone hydrogel (SiHy) contact lenses via its somatomedin B-like end-domain using N, N'-carbonyldiimidazole linking chemistry. Grafting was assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and radioactive (I131) labeling. Surface immobilization of rhPRG4 led to model conventional and SiHy materials with improved antifouling properties, without impacting optical transparency or causing any toxic effects to human corneal epithelial cells in vitro. The surface wettability and the boundary friction against human corneal tissue were found to be substrate-dependent, with only the rhPRG4-grafted model SiHy exhibiting a reduced contact angle and kinetic friction coefficient compared to the unmodified surfaces. Hence, clinical grade rhPRG4 can be an attractive candidate for the development of novel bioinspired SiHy contact lenses, providing improved comfort and overall lens performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Korogiannaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L7 , Canada
| | - Michael Samsom
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L7 , Canada
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11
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Morgese G, Benetti EM, Zenobi-Wong M. Molecularly Engineered Biolubricants for Articular Cartilage. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701463. [PMID: 29717824 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lubrication within articular joints plays a crucial role in daily life, providing an extremely low coefficient of friction and preventing wear at the surface of the articular cartilage. Natural biomacromolecules responsible for lubrication are part of the synovial fluid and their degradation is associated with the onset of degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA). The current absence of effective treatments for OA has captured the attention of chemists and material scientists over the last two decades, triggering the development of partially or fully synthetic biolubricants aimed to reduce friction within the joints and restore cartilage functions. Although there is still a long way to go before synthetic replacements of natural biolubricants can be applied clinically, this review highlights those formulations that meet the fundamental requirements for being efficient lubricants for articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Morgese
- Polymer Surfaces Group; Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
- Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Group; Department of Health Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Polymer Surfaces Group; Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology; Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Group; Department of Health Science and Technology; ETH Zürich; Zürich 8093 Switzerland
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12
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Kim H, Jeong H, Han S, Beack S, Hwang BW, Shin M, Oh SS, Hahn SK. Hyaluronate and its derivatives for customized biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2017; 123:155-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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13
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Samaroo KJ, Tan M, Putnam D, Bonassar LJ. Binding and lubrication of biomimetic boundary lubricants on articular cartilage. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:548-557. [PMID: 27419808 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The glycoprotein, lubricin, is the primary boundary lubricant of articular cartilage and has been shown to prevent cartilage damage after joint injury. In this study, a library of eight bottle-brush copolymers were synthesized to mimic the structure and function of lubricin. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) grafted onto a polyacrylic acid (pAA) core mimicked the hydrophilic mucin-like domain of lubricin, and a thiol terminus anchored the polymers to cartilage surfaces much like lubricin's C-terminus. These copolymers, abbreviated as pAA-g-PEG, rapidly bound to cartilage surfaces with binding time constants ranging from 20 to 39 min, and affected lubrication under boundary mode conditions with coefficients of friction ranging from 0.140 ± 0.024 to 0.248 ± 0.030. Binding and lubrication were highly correlated (r2 = 0.89-0.99), showing that boundary lubrication in this case strongly depends on the binding of the lubricant to the surface. Along with time-dependent and dose-dependent behavior, lubrication and binding of the lubricin-mimetics also depended on copolymer structural parameters including pAA backbone length, PEG side chain length, and PEG:AA brush density. Polymers with larger backbone sizes, brush sizes, or brush densities took longer to bind (p < 0.05). Six of the eight polymers reduced friction relative to denuded cartilage plugs (p < 0.05), suggesting their potential to lubricate and protect cartilage in vivo. In copolymers with shorter pAA backbones, increasing hydrodynamic size inhibited lubrication (p < 0.08), while the opposite was observed in copolymers with longer backbones (p < 0.05). These polymers show similar in vitro lubricating efficacy as recombinant lubricins and as such have potential for in vivo treatment of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:548-557, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk J Samaroo
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Mingchee Tan
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 149 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York, 14853
| | - David Putnam
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 149 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York, 14853
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 149 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York, 14853
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Abubacker S, Ponjevic D, Ham HO, Messersmith PB, Matyas JR, Schmidt TA. Effect of disulfide bonding and multimerization on proteoglycan 4's cartilage boundary lubricating ability and adsorption. Connect Tissue Res 2016; 57:113-23. [PMID: 26631309 PMCID: PMC4857611 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1113271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives of this study were to assess the cartilage boundary lubricating ability of (1) nonreduced (NR) disulfide-bonded proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) multimers versus PRG4 monomers and (2) NR versus reduced and alkylated (R/A) PRG4 monomers and to assess (3) the ability of NR PRG4 multimers versus monomers to adsorb to an articular cartilage surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS PRG4 was separated into two preparations, PRG4 multimer enriched (PRG4Multi+) and PRG4 multimer deficient (PRG4Multi-), using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The cartilage boundary lubricating ability of PRG4Multi+ and PRG4Multi- was compared at a physiological concentration (450 μg/mL) and assessed over a range of concentrations (45, 150, and 450 μg/mL). R/A and NR PRG4Multi- were evaluated at 450 μg/mL. Immunohistochemistry with anti-PRG4 antibody 4D6 was performed to visualize the adsorption of PRG4 preparations to the surface of articular cartilage explants. RESULTS Separation into enriched populations of PRG4Multi+ and PRG4Multi- was achieved using SEC and was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. PRG4Multi+ and PRG4Multi- both functioned as effective friction-reducing cartilage boundary lubricants at 450 μg/mL, with PRG4Multi+ being more effective than PRG4Multi-. PRG4Multi+ lubricated in a dose-dependent manner, however, PRG4Multi- did not. R/A PRG4Multi- lubricated similar to NR PRG4Multi-. PRG4-containing solutions showed 4D6 immunoreactivity at the articular surface; the immunoreactive intensity of PRG4Multi+ appeared to be similar to SF, whereas PRG4Multi- appeared to have less intensity. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the intermolecular disulfide-bonded multimeric structure of PRG4 is important for its ability to adsorb to a cartilage surface and function as a boundary lubricant. These findings contribute to a greater understanding of the molecular basis of cartilage boundary lubrication of PRG4. Elucidating the PRG4 structure-lubrication function relationship will further contribute to the understanding of PRG4's role in diarthrodial joint homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Abubacker
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute of Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dragana Ponjevic
- McCaig Institute of Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hyun O. Ham
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Phillip B. Messersmith
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - John R. Matyas
- McCaig Institute of Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tannin A. Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute of Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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15
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Singh A, Corvelli M, Unterman SA, Wepasnick KA, McDonnell P, Elisseeff JH. Enhanced lubrication on tissue and biomaterial surfaces through peptide-mediated binding of hyaluronic acid. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:988-95. [PMID: 25087069 PMCID: PMC6317357 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lubrication is key for the efficient function of devices and tissues with moving surfaces, such as articulating joints, ocular surfaces and the lungs. Indeed, lubrication dysfunction leads to increased friction and degeneration of these systems. Here, we present a polymer-peptide surface coating platform to non-covalently bind hyaluronic acid (HA), a natural lubricant in the body. Tissue surfaces treated with the HA-binding system exhibited higher lubricity values, and in vivo were able to retain HA in the articular joint and to bind ocular tissue surfaces. Biomaterials-mediated strategies that locally bind and concentrate HA could provide physical and biological benefits when used to treat tissue-lubricating dysfunction and to coat medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudha Singh
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael Corvelli
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Shimon A. Unterman
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kevin A. Wepasnick
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Peter McDonnell
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jennifer H. Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: , Johns Hopkins University, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Smith Building, Rm. 5035, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21231
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16
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Moeini M, Decker SG, Chin HC, Shafieyan Y, Rosenzweig DH, Quinn TM. Decreased solute adsorption onto cracked surfaces of mechanically injured articular cartilage: Towards the design of cartilage-specific functional contrast agents. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:605-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Abubacker S, Ham HO, Messersmith PB, Schmidt TA. Cartilage boundary lubricating ability of aldehyde modified proteoglycan 4 (PRG4-CHO). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:186-9. [PMID: 23041437 PMCID: PMC3538920 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Abubacker
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hyun O. Ham
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Tannin A. Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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18
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McNary SM, Athanasiou KA, Reddi AH. Engineering lubrication in articular cartilage. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2012; 18:88-100. [PMID: 21955119 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite continuous progress toward tissue engineering of functional articular cartilage, significant challenges still remain. Advances in morphogens, stem cells, and scaffolds have resulted in enhancement of the bulk mechanical properties of engineered constructs, but little attention has been paid to the surface mechanical properties. In the near future, engineered tissues will be able to withstand and support the physiological compressive and tensile forces in weight-bearing synovial joints such as the knee. However, there is an increasing realization that these tissue-engineered cartilage constructs will fail without the optimal frictional and wear properties present in native articular cartilage. These characteristics are critical to smooth, pain-free joint articulation and a long-lasting, durable cartilage surface. To achieve optimal tribological properties, engineered cartilage therapies will need to incorporate approaches and methods for functional lubrication. Steady progress in cartilage lubrication in native tissues has pushed the pendulum and warranted a shift in the articular cartilage tissue-engineering paradigm. Engineered tissues should be designed and developed to possess both tribological and mechanical properties mirroring natural cartilage. In this article, an overview of the biology and engineering of articular cartilage structure and cartilage lubrication will be presented. Salient progress in lubrication treatments such as tribosupplementation, pharmacological, and cell-based therapies will be covered. Finally, frictional assays such as the pin-on-disk tribometer will be addressed. Knowledge related to the elements of cartilage lubrication has progressed and, thus, an opportune moment is provided to leverage these advances at a critical step in the development of mechanically and tribologically robust, biomimetic tissue-engineered cartilage. This article is intended to serve as the first stepping stone toward future studies in functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage that begins to explore and incorporate methods of lubrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M McNary
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence Ellison Center for Tissue Regeneration and Repair, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
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19
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Cheng J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Yang M, Wu Y. Differential regulation of proteoglycan-4 expression by IL-1α and TGF-β1 in rat condylar chondrocytes. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2011; 222:211-8. [PMID: 21041994 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.222.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a multifaceted glycoprotein that mediates boundary lubrication of articular cartilage and its dysregulation is associated with impaired lubrication and cartilage destruction in multiple synovial joints. However, the spatiotemporal expression of PRG4 and the associated regulatory networks remain largely unknown in the mandibular condylar cartilage that is responsible for homeostasis and functions of the temporomandibular joint. We here investigated the possible regulatory effects of the interleukin-1α (IL-1α) or/and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on the expression of PRG4 in primary chondrocytes that were isolated from the superficial layer of the condylar cartilage of the 20-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Both IL-1α and TGF-β1 have been implicated in joint destruction and repair. Treatment of primary chondrocytes for 24 h with recombinant human (rh) IL-1α (10 ng/ml) resulted in pronounced reduction in the expression levels of PRG4 mRNA and protein, whereas stimulation with rhTGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) significantly increased the expression levels, as measured by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Moreover, rhTGF-β1 was capable to antagonize the inhibitory effects on the PRG4 expression caused by rhIL-1α and robustly restored its abundance in the cultured condylar chondrocytes. Taken together, our data indicate that PRG4 is synthesized and secreted by condylar cartilage chondrocytes and its expression is differentially regulated by IL-1α and TGF-β1. The rhIL-1α-mediated PRG4 repression is reversible and potently antagonized by rhTGF-β1 in condylar chondrocytes. The observed up-regulation of PRG4 upon rhTGF-β1 treatment further supports the therapeutic application of rhTGF-β1 in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Research Center of TMJ Biology, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China.
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