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Ando T, Honda Y, Yanagawa T, Unno N, Taniguchi J, Satake SI. A 3D-Simulation and Experimental Study of the Fluid Flow Around a Nano-Step Structure Formed by UV-NIL. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2022. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.35.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ando
- Department of Applied Electronics, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Yusei Honda
- Department of Applied Electronics, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Tomoki Yanagawa
- Department of Applied Electronics, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Noriyuki Unno
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sanyo-Onoda City University
| | - Jun Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Electronics, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Shin-ichi Satake
- Department of Applied Electronics, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science
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2
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Satake SI. Micro- and Nanoscale Imaging of Fluids in Water Using Refractive-Index-Matched Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3203. [PMID: 36144991 PMCID: PMC9505072 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization in water is a technique that, in addition to macroscale visualization, enables micro- and nanoscale visualization via a microfabrication technique, which is particularly important in the study of biological systems. This review paper introduces micro- and nanoscale 3D fluid visualization methods. First, we introduce a specific holographic fluid measurement method that can visualize three-dimensional fluid phenomena; we introduce the basic principles and survey both the initial and latest related research. We also present a method of combining this technique with refractive-index-matched materials. Second, we outline the TIRF method, which is a method for nanoscale fluid measurements, and introduce measurement examples in combination with imprinted materials. In particular, refractive-index-matched materials are unaffected by diffraction at the nanoscale, but the key is to create nanoscale shapes. The two visualization methods reviewed here can also be used for other fluid measurements; however, because these methods can used in combination with refractive-index-matched materials in water, they are expected to be applied to experimental measurements of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Satake
- Department of Applied Electronics, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
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3
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Nishimura Y, Shi S, Li Q, Bershadsky AD, Viasnoff V. Crosstalk between myosin II and formin functions in the regulation of force generation and actomyosin dynamics in stress fibers. Cells Dev 2021; 168:203736. [PMID: 34455135 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
REF52 fibroblasts have a well-developed contractile machinery, the most prominent elements of which are actomyosin stress fibers with highly ordered organization of actin and myosin IIA filaments. The relationship between contractile activity and turnover dynamics of stress fibers is not sufficiently understood. Here, we simultaneously measured the forces exerted by stress fibers (using traction force microscopy or micropillar array sensors) and the dynamics of actin and myosin (using photoconversion-based monitoring of actin incorporation and high-resolution fluorescence microscopy of myosin II light chain). Our data revealed new features of the crosstalk between myosin II-driven contractility and stress fiber dynamics. During normal stress fiber turnover, actin incorporated all along the stress fibers and not only at focal adhesions. Incorporation of actin into stress fibers/focal adhesions, as well as actin and myosin II filaments flow along stress fibers, strongly depends on myosin II activity. Myosin II-dependent generation of traction forces does not depend on incorporation of actin into stress fibers per se, but still requires formin activity. This previously overlooked function of formins in maintenance of the actin cytoskeleton connectivity could be the main mechanism of formin involvement in traction force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Nishimura
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore; Division of Developmental Physiology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
| | - Shidong Shi
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello, 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander D Bershadsky
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, POB 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore; CNRS UMI 3639, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National university of Singapore, S3 #05-01, 16 Science Drive 4, 117558, Singapore.
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4
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Han X, Su Y, White H, O'Neill KM, Morgan NY, Christensen R, Potarazu D, Vishwasrao HD, Xu S, Sun Y, Huang SY, Moyle MW, Dai Q, Pommier Y, Giniger E, Albrecht DR, Probst R, Shroff H. A polymer index-matched to water enables diverse applications in fluorescence microscopy. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1549-1562. [PMID: 33629685 PMCID: PMC8058278 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01233e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate diffraction-limited and super-resolution imaging through thick layers (tens-hundreds of microns) of BIO-133, a biocompatible, UV-curable, commercially available polymer with a refractive index (RI) matched to water. We show that cells can be directly grown on BIO-133 substrates without the need for surface passivation and use this capability to perform extended time-lapse volumetric imaging of cellular dynamics 1) at isotropic resolution using dual-view light-sheet microscopy, and 2) at super-resolution using instant structured illumination microscopy. BIO-133 also enables immobilization of 1) Drosophila tissue, allowing us to track membrane puncta in pioneer neurons, and 2) Caenorhabditis elegans, which allows us to image and inspect fine neural structure and to track pan-neuronal calcium activity over hundreds of volumes. Finally, BIO-133 is compatible with other microfluidic materials, enabling optical and chemical perturbation of immobilized samples, as we demonstrate by performing drug and optogenetic stimulation on cells and C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Han
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yijun Su
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. and Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hamilton White
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA. and Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Kate M O'Neill
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Y Morgan
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ryan Christensen
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Deepika Potarazu
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Harshad D Vishwasrao
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen Xu
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Yilun Sun
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shar-Yin Huang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark W Moyle
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Edward Giniger
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dirk R Albrecht
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA. and Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - Roland Probst
- ACUITYnano, Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, North Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Hari Shroff
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. and Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA and Marine Biological Laboratory Fellows Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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5
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Yu SM, Li B, Amblard F, Granick S, Cho YK. Adaptive architecture and mechanoresponse of epithelial cells on a torus. Biomaterials 2020; 265:120420. [PMID: 33007611 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Curvature is a geometric feature widely observed in the epithelia and critical to the performance of fundamental biological functions. Understanding curvature-related biophysical phenomena remains challenging partly owing to the difficulty of quantitatively tuning and measuring curvatures of interfacing individual cells. In this study, we prepared confluent wild-type Madin-Darby canine kidney cells on a torus structure presenting positive, zero, and negative Gaussian curvatures with a tubule diameter of 2-7 cells and quantified the mechanobiological characteristics of individual cells. Cells on the torus surface exhibited topological sensing ability both as an individual cell and collective cell organization. Both cell bodies and nuclei, adapted on the torus, exhibited local Gaussian curvature-dependent preferential orientation. The cells on the torus demonstrated significant adjustment in the nuclear area and exhibited asymmetric nuclear position depending on the local Gaussian curvature. Moreover, cells on top of the torus, where local Gaussian curvature is near zero, exhibited more sensitive morphological adaptations than the nuclei depending on the Gaussian curvature gradient. Furthermore, the spatial heterogeneity of intermediate filament proteins related to mechanoresponsive expression of the cell body and nucleus, vimentin, keratin and lamin A, revealed local Gaussian curvature as a key factor of cellular adaptation on curved surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-M Yu
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - B Li
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - F Amblard
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - S Granick
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-K Cho
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Matsuda Y, Kigami H, Unno N, Satake SI, Taniguchi J. Three-dimensional Flow Measurements around Micro-pillars Made by UV-NIL in Water via Micro-digital Holographic Particle Tracking Velocimetry (Micro-DHPTV). J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2020. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.33.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Kigami
- Department of Applied Electronics, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Noriyuki Unno
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sanyo-Onoda City University
| | | | - Jun Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Electronics, Tokyo University of Science
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7
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Sansen T, Sanchez-Fuentes D, Rathar R, Colom-Diego A, El Alaoui F, Viaud J, Macchione M, de Rossi S, Matile S, Gaudin R, Bäcker V, Carretero-Genevrier A, Picas L. Mapping Cell Membrane Organization and Dynamics Using Soft Nanoimprint Lithography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29000-29012. [PMID: 32464046 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Membrane shape is a key feature of many cellular processes, including cell differentiation, division, migration, and trafficking. The development of nanostructured surfaces allowing for the in situ manipulation of membranes in living cells is crucial to understand these processes, but this requires complicated and limited-access technologies. Here, we investigate the self-organization of cellular membranes by using a customizable and benchtop method allowing one to engineer 1D SiO2 nanopillar arrays of defined sizes and shapes on high-performance glass compatible with advanced microscopies. As a result of this original combination, we provide a mapping of the morphology-induced modulation of the cell membrane mechanics, dynamics and steady-state organization of key protein complexes implicated in cellular trafficking and signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sansen
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS UMR 9004-Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - D Sanchez-Fuentes
- Institut d'Électronique et des Systèmes (IES), CNRS UMR 5214-Université de Montpellier, 34097 Montpellier, France
| | - R Rathar
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS UMR 9004-Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Institut d'Électronique et des Systèmes (IES), CNRS UMR 5214-Université de Montpellier, 34097 Montpellier, France
| | - A Colom-Diego
- Biochemistry Department and School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research in Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F El Alaoui
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS UMR 9004-Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - J Viaud
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC-UMR1048), Inserm and Université Toulouse 3, Avenue Jean Poulhès BP84225, 31432 Cedex 04 Toulouse, France
| | - M Macchione
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research in Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S de Rossi
- MRI Imaging Facility, UMS BioCampus Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - S Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research in Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Gaudin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS UMR 9004-Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - V Bäcker
- MRI Imaging Facility, UMS BioCampus Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - A Carretero-Genevrier
- Institut d'Électronique et des Systèmes (IES), CNRS UMR 5214-Université de Montpellier, 34097 Montpellier, France
| | - L Picas
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS UMR 9004-Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France
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8
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Effect of oblique polymer pillars on spreading and elongation of rat mesenchymal stem cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110485. [PMID: 31499453 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Stiffness and anisotropy of culture substrates are important factors influencing the cell behavior and their responses to external stimuli. Herein, we report a fabrication method of oblique polymer pillars which allow modulating both stiffness and anisotropy of the substrate for spreading and elongation studies of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells (RMSCs). Poly (Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) has been chosen to produce micro-pillars of different heights and different pitches using a combined method of soft-lithography and hot embossing. The stiffness of such pillar substrates varies over a large range so that RMSCs show effectively different spreading behaviors which are also sensitive to the inclining angle of the pillars. Our results showed that with the increase of the pillar height the area of cell spreading decreases but the cell elongation aspect ratio increases. Moreover, cells preferentially elongate along the direction perpendicular to that of the pillars' inclining, which is in agreement with the calculated anisotropy of the pillar substrate stiffness.
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9
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Grenci G, Bertocchi C, Ravasio A. Integrating Microfabrication into Biological Investigations: the Benefits of Interdisciplinarity. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E252. [PMID: 30995747 PMCID: PMC6523848 DOI: 10.3390/mi10040252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The advent of micro and nanotechnologies, such as microfabrication, have impacted scientific research and contributed to meaningful real-world applications, to a degree seen during historic technological revolutions. Some key areas benefitting from the invention and advancement of microfabrication platforms are those of biological and biomedical sciences. Modern therapeutic approaches, involving point-of-care, precision or personalized medicine, are transitioning from the experimental phase to becoming the standard of care. At the same time, biological research benefits from the contribution of microfluidics at every level from single cell to tissue engineering and organoids studies. The aim of this commentary is to describe, through proven examples, the interdisciplinary process used to develop novel biological technologies and to emphasize the role of technical knowledge in empowering researchers who are specialized in a niche area to look beyond and innovate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Grenci
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.
- Biomedical Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.
| | - Cristina Bertocchi
- Department of Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile.
| | - Andrea Ravasio
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
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10
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Stoecklin C, Yue Z, Chen WW, de Mets R, Fong E, Studer V, Viasnoff V. A New Approach to Design Artificial 3D Microniches with Combined Chemical, Topographical, and Rheological Cues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Celine Stoecklin
- Mechanobiology Institute; 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117411 Singapore
| | - Zhang Yue
- Mechanobiology Institute; 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117411 Singapore
| | - Wilhelm W. Chen
- Mechanobiology Institute; 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117411 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Richard de Mets
- Mechanobiology Institute; 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117411 Singapore
| | - Eileen Fong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Vincent Studer
- CNRS; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience; UMR 5297 Bordeaux F-33000 France
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute; 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117411 Singapore
- CNRS; UMI 3639 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117411 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences; National university of Singapore; 14 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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11
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Ravasio A, Cheddadi I, Chen T, Pereira T, Ong HT, Bertocchi C, Brugues A, Jacinto A, Kabla AJ, Toyama Y, Trepat X, Gov N, Neves de Almeida L, Ladoux B. Gap geometry dictates epithelial closure efficiency. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7683. [PMID: 26158873 PMCID: PMC4510701 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Closure of wounds and gaps in tissues is fundamental for the correct development and physiology of multicellular organisms and, when misregulated, may lead to inflammation and tumorigenesis. To re-establish tissue integrity, epithelial cells exhibit coordinated motion into the void by active crawling on the substrate and by constricting a supracellular actomyosin cable. Coexistence of these two mechanisms strongly depends on the environment. However, the nature of their coupling remains elusive because of the complexity of the overall process. Here we demonstrate that epithelial gap geometry in both in vitro and in vivo regulates these collective mechanisms. In addition, the mechanical coupling between actomyosin cable contraction and cell crawling acts as a large-scale regulator to control the dynamics of gap closure. Finally, our computational modelling clarifies the respective roles of the two mechanisms during this process, providing a robust and universal mechanism to explain how epithelial tissues restore their integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravasio
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Ibrahim Cheddadi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - Tianchi Chen
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Telmo Pereira
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Rua Camara Pestana, 6, Lisbon, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hui Ting Ong
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Cristina Bertocchi
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Agusti Brugues
- ICREA at Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Jacinto
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Rua Camara Pestana, 6, Lisbon, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandre J Kabla
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Yusuke Toyama
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Xavier Trepat
- ICREA at Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nir Gov
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Luís Neves de Almeida
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, F-75252 Paris, France.,INRIA-Paris-Rocquencourt, MAMBA Team, 78153 Le Chesnay, Domaine de Voluceau BP105, France
| | - Benoit Ladoux
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592 and Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
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