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Zhou H, He Y, Xiong W, Jing S, Duan X, Huang Z, Nahal GS, Peng Y, Li M, Zhu Y, Ye Q. MSC based gene delivery methods and strategies improve the therapeutic efficacy of neurological diseases. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:409-437. [PMCID: PMC9713256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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CdSe/ZnS Core-Shell-Type Quantum Dot Nanoparticles Disrupt the Cellular Homeostasis in Cellular Blood-Brain Barrier Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031068. [PMID: 33499077 PMCID: PMC7866238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two immortalized brain microvascular endothelial cell lines (hCMEC/D3 and RBE4, of human and rat origin, respectively) were applied as an in vitro model of cellular elements of the blood–brain barrier in a nanotoxicological study. We evaluated the impact of CdSe/ZnS core-shell-type quantum dot nanoparticles on cellular homeostasis, using gold nanoparticles as a largely bioorthogonal control. While the investigated nanoparticles had surprisingly negligible acute cytotoxicity in the evaluated models, a multi-faceted study of barrier-related phenotypes and cell condition revealed a complex pattern of homeostasis disruption. Interestingly, some features of the paracellular barrier phenotype (transendothelial electrical resistance, tight junction protein gene expression) were improved by exposure to nanoparticles in a potential hormetic mechanism. However, mitochondrial potential and antioxidant defences largely collapsed under these conditions, paralleled by a strong pro-apoptotic shift in a significant proportion of cells (evidenced by apoptotic protein gene expression, chromosomal DNA fragmentation, and membrane phosphatidylserine exposure). Taken together, our results suggest a reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular mechanism of blood–brain barrier damage by quantum dots, which may be toxicologically significant in the face of increasing human exposure to this type of nanoparticles, both intended (in medical applications) and more often unintended (from consumer goods-derived environmental pollution).
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Samadian S, Karbalaei A, Pourmadadi M, Yazdian F, Rashedi H, Omidi M, Malmir S. A novel alginate-gelatin microcapsule to enhance bone differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1848828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Samadian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Karbalaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrab Pourmadadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdian
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rashedi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Omidi
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, GC, Iran
| | - Samira Malmir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Fernandes F, Kotharkar P, Chakravorty A, Kowshik M, Talukdar I. Nanocarrier Mediated siRNA Delivery Targeting Stem Cell Differentiation. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:155-172. [PMID: 31789134 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666191202095041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based regenerative medicine holds exceptional therapeutic potential and hence the development of efficient techniques to enhance control over the rate of differentiation has been the focus of active research. One of the strategies to achieve this involves delivering siRNA into stem cells and exploiting the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism. Transport of siRNA across the cell membrane is a challenge due to its anionic property, especially in primary human cells and stem cells. Moreover, naked siRNA incites immune responses, may cause off-target effects, exhibits low stability and is easily degraded by endonucleases in the bloodstream. Although siRNA delivery using viral vectors and electroporation has been used in stem cells, these methods demonstrate low transfection efficiency, cytotoxicity, immunogenicity, events of integration and may involve laborious customization. With the advent of nanotechnology, nanocarriers which act as novel gene delivery vehicles designed to overcome the problems associated with safety and practicality are being developed. The various nanomaterials that are currently being explored and discussed in this review include liposomes, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, protein and peptide nanocarriers, magnetic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, etc. These nanodelivery agents exhibit advantages such as low immunogenic response, biocompatibility, design flexibility allowing for surface modification and functionalization, and control over the surface topography for achieving the desired rate of siRNA delivery and improved gene knockdown efficiency. This review also includes discussion on siRNA co-delivery with imaging agents, plasmid DNA, drugs etc. to achieve combined diagnostic and enhanced therapeutic functionality, both for in vitro and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Fernandes
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, Goa-403726, India
| | - Pooja Kotharkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, Goa-403726, India
| | - Adrija Chakravorty
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, Goa-403726, India
| | - Meenal Kowshik
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, Goa-403726, India
| | - Indrani Talukdar
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa campus, Zuarinagar, Goa-403726, India
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5
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Quantum dots-βcyclodextrin-histidine labeled human adipose stem cells-laden chitosan hydrogel for bone tissue engineering. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 27:102217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Filali S, Pirot F, Miossec P. Biological Applications and Toxicity Minimization of Semiconductor Quantum Dots. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:163-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Wagner AM, Knipe JM, Orive G, Peppas NA. Quantum dots in biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:44-63. [PMID: 31082570 PMCID: PMC6642839 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting nanoparticles, more commonly known as quantum dots, possess unique size and shape dependent optoelectronic properties. In recent years, these unique properties have attracted much attention in the biomedical field to enable real-time tissue imaging (bioimaging), diagnostics, single molecule probes, and drug delivery, among many other areas. The optical properties of quantum dots can be tuned by size and composition, and their high brightness, resistance to photobleaching, multiplexing capacity, and high surface-to-volume ratio make them excellent candidates for intracellular tracking, diagnostics, in vivo imaging, and therapeutic delivery. We discuss recent advances and challenges in the molecular design of quantum dots are discussed, along with applications of quantum dots as drug delivery vehicles, theranostic agents, single molecule probes, and real-time in vivo deep tissue imaging agents. We present a detailed discussion of the biodistribution and toxicity of quantum dots, and highlight recent advances to improve long-term stability in biological buffers, increase quantum yield following bioconjugation, and improve clearance from the body. Last, we present an outlook on future challenges and strategies to further advance translation to clinical application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Semiconducting nanoparticles, commonly known as quantum dots, possess unique size and shape dependent electrical and optical properties. In recent years, they have attracted much attention in biomedical imaging to enable diagnostics, single molecule probes, and real-time imaging of tumors. This review discusses recent advances and challenges in the design of quantum dots, and highlights how these strategies can further advance translation to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Wagner
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer M Knipe
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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8
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Liu J, Jiang T, Li C, Wu Y, He M, Zhao J, Zheng L, Zhang X. Bioconjugated Carbon Dots for Delivery of siTnfα to Enhance Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Suppression of Inflammation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:724-736. [PMID: 30919586 PMCID: PMC6591550 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a promising strategy, the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐based therapy of cartilage defects is sometimes accompanied with chronic inflammation during the remodeling status, which may hinder cartilage regeneration. During this process, the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) plays an important role and may be a potential target. In this study, we investigated the effect of Tnfα RNA interference by introducing a functional and highly safe carbon dot (CD)‐SMCC nanovector synthesized by bioconjugation of CDs with a protein crosslinker, sulfosuccinimidyl‐4‐(N‐maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane‐1‐carboxylate (sulfo‐SMCC), as the vehicle of the silenced TNFα (siTnfα) on chondrogenesis of MSCs. The results showed that CD‐SMCC displayed intense fluorescence with well‐dispersed and positively charged properties, which favored effective binding and delivering of siTnfα into the MSCs. CD‐SMCC‐siTnfα nanoformula also exhibited considerably high transfection efficiency and nearly no cytotoxicity, which is preferred over commercial polyethyleneimine. Interference of Tnfα by CD‐SMCC‐siTnfα markedly promoted the chondrogenesis of MSCs, as indicated by upregulating cartilage‐specific markers. Furthermore, in vivo exploration indicated that CD‐SMCC‐siTnfα transfected MSCs accelerated cartilage regeneration. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that in combination with the novel CD‐SMCC nanovector, targeting Tnfα may facilitate stem cell‐based therapy of cartilage defects. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:724&736
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liu
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongmeng Jiang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin He
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Kundrotas G, Karabanovas V, Pleckaitis M, Juraleviciute M, Steponkiene S, Gudleviciene Z, Rotomskis R. Uptake and distribution of carboxylated quantum dots in human mesenchymal stem cells: cell growing density matters. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:39. [PMID: 30866960 PMCID: PMC6417192 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have drawn much attention in the field of regenerative medicine for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. MSCs possess specific tumor-oriented migration and incorporation highlighting the potential for MSCs to be used as an ideal carrier for anticancer agents. Bone marrow is the main source of MSCs for clinical applications. MSCs tracking in vivo is a critical component of the safety and efficacy evaluation of therapeutic cell products; therefore, cells must be labeled with contrast agents to enable visualization of the MSCs migration in vivo. Due to their unique properties, quantum dots (QDs) are emerging as optimal tools in long-term MSC optical imaging applications. The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake dynamics, cytotoxity, subcellular and extracellular distribution of non-targeted carboxylated quantum dots in human bone marrow MSCs at different cell growing densities. RESULTS QDs had no negative impact on MSC viability throughout the experiment and accumulated in all observed cells efficiently; however, in some MSCs QDs induced formation of lipid droplets. At low cell growing densities QDs distribute within MSCs cytoplasm already after 1 h of incubation reaching saturation after 6 h. After 24 h QDs localize mainly in the perinuclear region of the cells in endosomes. Interestingly, in more confluent culture QDs localize mostly outside MSCs. QDs abundantly mark MSC long filopodia-like structures attaching neighboring cells. At high cell density cultivation, we for the first time demonstrated that carboxylated QDs localize in human bone marrow MSC extracellular matrix. Moreover, we observed that average photoluminescence lifetime of QDs distributed in extracellular matrix are longer than lifetimes of QDs entrapped in endocytic vesicles; thus, for the first time showing the possibility to identify and distinguish localization of QDs in various extracellular and intracellular structures using fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy without additional staining assays. CONCLUSION Carboxylated QDs can be used as nonspecific and effective dye for staining of human bone marrow MSCs and their specific extracellular structures. These results are promising in fundamental stem cell biology as well as in cellular therapy, anticancer drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielis Kundrotas
- Biobank, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vitalijus Karabanovas
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Sauletekis Ave. 11, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marijus Pleckaitis
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marina Juraleviciute
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simona Steponkiene
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Zivile Gudleviciene
- Biobank, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ricardas Rotomskis
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Baublio Str. 3b, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Biophotonics Group of Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekis Ave. 9, 10222, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Abstract
Epigenetics can be explored at different levels and can be divided into two major areas: epigenetics of nuclear-encoded DNA and epigenetics of mitochondrial-encoded DNA. In epigenetics of nuclear-encoded DNA, the main roles are played by DNA methylation, changes in histone structure and several types of non-coding RNAs. Mitochondrial epigenetics seems to be similar in the aspect of DNA methylation and to some extent in the role of non-coding RNAs but differs significantly in changes in components coiling DNA. Nuclear DNA is coiled around histones, but mitochondrial DNA, together with associated proteins, is located in mitochondrial pseudocompartments called nucleoids. It has been shown that mitochondrial epigenetic mechanisms influence cell fate, transcription regulation, cell division, cell cycle, physiological homeostasis, bioenergetics and even pathologies, but not all of these mechanisms have been explored in stem cells. The main issue is that most of these mechanisms have only recently been discovered in mitochondria, while improvements in methodology, especially next-generation sequencing, have enabled in-depth studies. Because studies exploring mitochondria from other aspects show that mitochondria are crucial for the normal behavior of stem cells, it is suggested that precise mitochondrial epigenetics in stem cells should be studied more intensively.
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Zhang S, Ma X, Wang Y, Wu M, Meng H, Chai W, Wang X, Wei S, Tian J. Robust Reconstruction of Fluorescence Molecular Tomography Based on Sparsity Adaptive Correntropy Matching Pursuit Method for Stem Cell Distribution. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2018; 37:2176-2184. [PMID: 29993826 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2018.2825102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT), as a promising imaging modality in preclinical research, can obtain the three-dimensional (3-D) position information of the stem cell in mice. However, because of the ill-posed nature and sensitivity to noise of the inverse problem, it is a challenge to develop a robust reconstruction method, which can accurately locate the stem cells and define the distribution. In this paper, we proposed a sparsity adaptive correntropy matching pursuit (SACMP) method. SACMP method is independent on the noise distribution of measurements and it assigns small weights on severely corrupted entries of data and large weights on clean ones adaptively. These properties make it more suitable for in vivo experiment. To analyze the performance in terms of robustness and practicability of SACMP, we conducted numerical simulation and in vivo mice experiments. The results demonstrated that the SACMP method obtained the highest robustness and accuracy in locating stem cells and depicting stem cell distribution compared with stagewise orthogonal matching pursuit and sparsity adaptive subspace pursuit reconstruction methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that acquired such accurate and robust FMT distribution reconstruction for stem cell tracking in mice brain. This promotes the application of FMT in locating stem cell and distribution reconstruction in practical mice brain injury models.
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Transfection of gene regulation nanoparticles complexed with pDNA and shRNA controls multilineage differentiation of hMSCs. Biomaterials 2018; 177:1-13. [PMID: 29883913 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression and knockdown of specific proteins can control stem cell differentiation for therapeutic purposes. In this study, we fabricated RUNX2, SOX9, and C/EBPα plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) and ATF4-targeting shRNA (shATF4) to induce osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The pDNAs and shATF4 were complexed with TRITC-gene regulation nanoparticles (GRN). Osteogenesis-related gene expression was reduced at early (12 h) and late (36 h) time points after co-delivery of shATF4 and SOX9 or C/EBPα pDNA, respectively, and osteogenesis was inhibited in these hMSCs. By contrast, osteogenesis-related genes were highly expressed upon co-delivery of RUNX2 and ATF4 pDNAs. DEX in GRN enhanced chondrogenic differentiation. Expression of osteogenesis-, chondrogenesis-, and adipogenesis-related genes was higher in hMSCs transfected with NPs complexed with RUNX2 and ATF4 pDNAs, shATF4 and SOX9 pDNA, and shATF4 and C/EBPα pDNA for 72 h than in control hMSCs, respectively. Moreover, delivery of these NPs also increased expression of osteogenesis-, chondrogenesis-, and adipogenesis-related proteins. These alterations in expression led to morphological changes, indicating that hMSCs differentiated into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipose cells.
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Lolli A, Penolazzi L, Narcisi R, van Osch GJVM, Piva R. Emerging potential of gene silencing approaches targeting anti-chondrogenic factors for cell-based cartilage repair. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3451-3465. [PMID: 28434038 PMCID: PMC11107620 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The field of cartilage repair has exponentially been growing over the past decade. Here, we discuss the possibility to achieve satisfactory regeneration of articular cartilage by means of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) depleted of anti-chondrogenic factors and implanted in the site of injury. Different types of molecules including transcription factors, transcriptional co-regulators, secreted proteins, and microRNAs have recently been identified as negative modulators of chondroprogenitor differentiation and chondrocyte function. We review the current knowledge about these molecules as potential targets for gene knockdown strategies using RNA interference (RNAi) tools that allow the specific suppression of gene function. The critical issues regarding the optimization of the gene silencing approach as well as the delivery strategies are discussed. We anticipate that further development of these techniques will lead to the generation of implantable hMSCs with enhanced potential to regenerate articular cartilage damaged by injury, disease, or aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lolli
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Letizia Penolazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Narcisi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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15
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Zeng Y, Wang L, Zhou Z, Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Mi P, Liu G, Zhou L. Gadolinium hybrid iron oxide nanocomposites for dual T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging of cell labeling. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:50-56. [PMID: 27840861 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00706f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A new generation of dual T1- and T2-weighted MRI contrast agents is developed for cell labeling and tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology
- West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Liqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center
- West China Hospital
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Zijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine
- School of Public Health
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361102
- China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine
- School of Public Health
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361102
- China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine
- School of Public Health
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361102
- China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine
- School of Public Health
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361102
- China
| | - Peng Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center
- West China Hospital
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine
- School of Public Health
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361102
- China
| | - Liming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology
- West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
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