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Xu JL, Lesniak A, Gowen AA. Predictive Modeling of the In Vitro Responses of Preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells on Polymeric Surfaces Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:24466-24478. [PMID: 32374584 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials' surface properties elicit diverse cellular responses in biomedical and biotechnological applications. Predicting the cell behavior on a polymeric surface is an ongoing challenge due to its complexity. This work proposes a novel modeling methodology based on attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Spectra were collected on wetted polymeric surfaces to incorporate both surface chemistry and information on water-polymer interactions. Results showed that predictive models built with spectra from wetted surfaces ("wet spectra") performed much better than models built using spectra acquired from dry surfaces ("dry spectra"), suggesting that the water-polymer interaction is critically important to the prediction of subsequent cell behavior. The best model was seen to predict total area of focal adhesions with coefficient of determination for prediction (R2P) of 0.94 and root-mean-square errors of prediction (RMSEP) of 4.03 μm2 when tested on an independent experimental set. This work offers new insights into our understanding of cell-biomaterial interactions. The presence of carboxyl groups in polymers promoted larger adhesion areas, yet the formation of carbonyl-to-water interaction decreased adhesion areas. Surface wettability, which was related to the water-polymer interaction, was proven to highly influence cell adhesion. The good predictive ability opens new possibilities for high throughput monitoring of cell attachment on polymeric substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Xu
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anna Lesniak
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Aoife A Gowen
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Ehrmann K, Potzmann P, Dworak C, Bergmeister H, Eilenberg M, Grasl C, Koch T, Schima H, Liska R, Baudis S. Hard Block Degradable Polycarbonate Urethanes: Promising Biomaterials for Electrospun Vascular Prostheses. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:376-387. [PMID: 31718163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report biodegradable thermoplastic polyurethanes for soft tissue engineering applications, where frequently used carboxylic acid ester degradation motifs were substituted with carbonate moieties to achieve superior degradation properties. While the use of carbonates in soft blocks has been reported, their use in hard blocks of thermoplastic polyurethanes is unprecedented. Soft blocks consist of poly(hexamethylene carbonate), and hard blocks combine hexamethylene diisocyanate with the newly synthesized cleavable carbonate chain extender bis(3-hydroxypropylene)carbonate (BHPC), mimicking the motif of poly(trimethylene carbonate) with highly regarded degradation properties. Simultaneously, the mechanical benefits of segmented polyurethanes are exploited. A lower hard block concentration in BHPC-based polymers was more suitable for vascular grafts. Nonacidic degradation products and hard block dependent degradation rates were found. Implantation of BHPC-based electrospun degradable vascular prostheses in a small animal model revealed high patency rates and no signs of aneurysm formations. Specific vascular graft remodeling and only minimal signs of inflammatory reactions were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ehrmann
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Division of Macromolecular Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC , 1060 Vienna , Austria.,Division of Biomedical Research , Medical University of Vienna , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , 1200 Vienna , Austria
| | - Paul Potzmann
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Division of Macromolecular Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC , 1060 Vienna , Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , 1200 Vienna , Austria
| | - Claudia Dworak
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Division of Macromolecular Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC , 1060 Vienna , Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , 1200 Vienna , Austria
| | - Helga Bergmeister
- Division of Biomedical Research , Medical University of Vienna , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , 1200 Vienna , Austria
| | - Magdalena Eilenberg
- Division of Biomedical Research , Medical University of Vienna , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Department of Surgery , Medical University of Vienna , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Christian Grasl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering , Medical University of Vienna , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Thomas Koch
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/308 , 1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Heinrich Schima
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering , Medical University of Vienna , Währinger Gürtel 18-20 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Division of Macromolecular Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC , 1060 Vienna , Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , 1200 Vienna , Austria
| | - Stefan Baudis
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Division of Macromolecular Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC , 1060 Vienna , Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration , 1200 Vienna , Austria
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The Effect of Mechanical Overloading on Surface Roughness of the Coronary Arteries. Appl Bionics Biomech 2019; 2019:2784172. [PMID: 30809272 PMCID: PMC6364105 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2784172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Surface roughness can be used to identify disease within biological tissues. Quantifying surface roughness in the coronary arteries aids in developing treatments for coronary heart disease. This study investigates the effect of extreme physiological loading on surface roughness, for example, due to a rupture of an artery. Methods The porcine left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries were dissected ex vivo. Mechanical overloading was applied to the arteries in the longitudinal direction to simulate extreme physiological loading. Surface roughness was calculated from three-dimensional reconstructed images. Surface roughness was measured before and after damage and after chemical processing to dehydrate tissue specimens. Results Control specimens confirmed that dehydration alone results in an increase of surface roughness in the circumferential direction only. No variation was noted between the hydrated healthy and damaged specimens, in both the longitudinal (0.91 ± 0.26 and 1.05 ± 0.25 μm) and circumferential (1.46 ± 0.38 and 1.47 ± 0.39 μm) directions. After dehydration, an increase in surface roughness was noted for damaged specimens in both the longitudinal (1.28 ± 0.33 μm) and circumferential (1.95 ± 0.56 μm) directions. Conclusions Mechanical overloading applied in the longitudinal direction did not significantly affect surface roughness. However, when combined with chemical processing, a significant increase in surface roughness was noted in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions. Mechanical overloading causes damage to the internal constituents of the arteries, which is significantly noticeable after dehydration of tissue.
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Dorrepaal RM, Gowen AA. Identification of Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Biomaterial Heterogeneity using Raman Chemical Mapping and NIR Hyperspectral Chemical Imaging. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13034. [PMID: 30158695 PMCID: PMC6115415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated spatial heterogeneity in magnesium oxychloride cements within a model of a mould using hyperspectral chemical imaging (HCI). The ability to inspect cements within a mould allows for the assessment of material formation in real time in addition to factors affecting ultimate material formation. Both macro scale NIR HCI and micro scale pixel-wise Raman chemical mapping were employed to characterise the same specimens. NIR imaging is rapid, however spectra are often convoluted through the overlapping of overtone peaks, which can make interpretation difficult. Raman spectra are more easily interpretable, however Raman imaging can suffer from slower acquisition times, particularly when the signal to noise ratio is relatively poor and the spatial resolution is high. To overcome the limitations of both, Raman/NIR data fusion techniques were explored and implemented. Spectra collected using both modalities were co-registered and intra and inter-modality peak correlations were investigated while k-means cluster patterns were compared. In addition, partial least squares regression models, built using NIR spectra, predicted chemical-identifying Raman peaks with an R2 of up to >0.98. As macro scale imaging presented greater data collection speeds, chemical prediction maps were built using NIR HCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan M Dorrepaal
- UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Aoife A Gowen
- UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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