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He X, Yamada M, Watanabe J, Pengyu Q, Chen J, Egusa H. Titanium nanotopography enhances mechano-response of osteocyte three-dimensional network toward osteoblast activation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 163:213939. [PMID: 38954876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The bone turnover capability influences the acquisition and maintenance of osseointegration. The architectures of osteocyte three-dimensional (3D) networks determine the direction and activity of bone turnover through osteocyte intercellular crosstalk, which exchanges prostaglandins through gap junctions in response to mechanical loading. Titanium nanosurfaces with anisotropically patterned dense nanospikes promote the development of osteocyte lacunar-canalicular networks. We investigated the effects of titanium nanosurfaces on intercellular network development and regulatory capabilities of bone turnover in osteocytes under cyclic compressive loading. MLO-Y4 mouse osteocyte-like cell lines embedded in type I collagen 3D gels on titanium nanosurfaces promoted the formation of intercellular networks and gap junctions even under static culture conditions, in contrast to the poor intercellular connectivity in machined titanium surfaces. The osteocyte 3D network on the titanium nanosurfaces further enhanced gap junction formation after additional culturing under cyclic compressive loading simulating masticatory loading, beyond the degree observed on machined titanium surfaces. A prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor cancelled the dual effects of titanium nanosurfaces and cyclic compressive loading on the upregulation of gap junction-related genes in the osteocyte 3D culture. Supernatants from osteocyte monolayer culture on titanium nanosurfaces promoted osteocyte maturation and intercellular connections with gap junctions. With cyclic loading, titanium nanosurfaces induced expression of the regulatory factors of bone turnover in osteocyte 3D cultures, toward higher osteoblast activation than that observed on machined surfaces. Titanium nanosurfaces with anisotropically patterned dense nanospikes promoted intercellular 3D network development and regulatory function toward osteoblast activation in osteocytes activated by cyclic compressive loading, through intercellular crosstalk by prostaglandin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindie He
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Masahiro Yamada
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Qu Pengyu
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jiang Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Mesa-Restrepo A, Byers E, Brown JL, Ramirez J, Allain JP, Posada VM. Osteointegration of Ti Bone Implants: A Study on How Surface Parameters Control the Foreign Body Response. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4662-4681. [PMID: 39078702 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The integration of titanium (Ti)-based implants with bone is limited, resulting in implant failure. This lack of osteointegration is due to the foreign body response (FBR) that occurs after the implantation of biodevices. The process begins with protein adsorption, which is governed by implant surface properties, e.g., chemistry, charge, wettability, and/or topography. The distribution and composition of the protein layer in turn influence the recruitment, differentiation, and modulation of immune and bone cells. The subsequent events that occur at the bone-material interface will ultimately determine whether the implant is encapsulated or will integrate with bone. Despite the numerous studies evaluating the influence of surface properties in the various stages of the FBR, the factors that affect tissue-material interactions are often studied in isolation or in small correlations due to the technical challenges involved in assessing them in vitro or in vivo. Consequently, the influence of protein conformation on the Ti bone implant surface design remains an unresolved research question. The objective of this review is to comprehensively evaluate the existing literature on the effect of surface parameters of Ti and its alloys in the stages of FBR, with a particular focus on protein adsorption and osteoimmunomodulation. This evaluation aims to systematically describe these effects on bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mesa-Restrepo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Elizabeth Byers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Justin L Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Juan Ramirez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra 64C nro 73-120, 050024 Medellin, Colombia
| | - Jean Paul Allain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Ken and Mary Alice Lindquist Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Viviana M Posada
- Ken and Mary Alice Lindquist Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Ganguly K, Luthfikasari R, Randhawa A, Dutta SD, Patil TV, Acharya R, Lim KT. Stimuli-Mediated Macrophage Switching, Unraveling the Dynamics at the Nanoplatforms-Macrophage Interface. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400581. [PMID: 38637323 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages play an essential role in immunotherapy and tissue regeneration owing to their remarkable plasticity and diverse functions. Recent bioengineering developments have focused on using external physical stimuli such as electric and magnetic fields, temperature, and compressive stress, among others, on micro/nanostructures to induce macrophage polarization, thereby increasing their therapeutic potential. However, it is difficult to find a concise review of the interaction between physical stimuli, advanced micro/nanostructures, and macrophage polarization. This review examines the present research on physical stimuli-induced macrophage polarization on micro/nanoplatforms, emphasizing the synergistic role of fabricated structure and stimulation for advanced immunotherapy and tissue regeneration. A concise overview of the research advancements investigating the impact of physical stimuli, including electric fields, magnetic fields, compressive forces, fluid shear stress, photothermal stimuli, and multiple stimulations on the polarization of macrophages within complex engineered structures, is provided. The prospective implications of these strategies in regenerative medicine and immunotherapeutic approaches are highlighted. This review will aid in creating stimuli-responsive platforms for immunomodulation and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Rachmi Luthfikasari
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Aayushi Randhawa
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V Patil
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Rumi Acharya
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
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Cui C, Zhao Y, Bai Z, Yan J, Qin D, Peng H, Liu Y, Tong J, Sun L, Wu X, Li B. The Effect of Antibacterial-Osteogenic Surface Modification on the Osseointegration of Titanium Implants: A Static and Dynamic Strategy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4093-4113. [PMID: 38829538 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used biomaterials in bone repair. Although these biomaterials possess stable properties and good biocompatibility, the high elastic modulus and low surface activity of Ti implants have often been associated with infection, inflammation, and poor osteogenesis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to modify the surface of Ti implants, where changes in surface morphology or coatings loading can confer specific functions to help them adapt to the osseointegration formation phase and resist bacterial infection. This can further ensure a healthy microenvironment for bone regeneration as well as the promotion of immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Therefore, in this review, we evaluated various functional Ti implants after surface modification, both in terms of static modifications and dynamic response strategies, mainly focusing on the synergistic effects of antimicrobial activities and functionalized osteogenic. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are summarized to provide innovative and effective solutions for osseointegration and bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Cui
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Ziyang Bai
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Danlei Qin
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongyi Peng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yingyu Liu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lingxiang Sun
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
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Astasov-Frauenhoffer M, Marot L, Sanchez F, Steiner R, Lohberger B, Bornstein MM, Wagner RS, Kühl S, Mukaddam K. Effects of nanomodified titanium surfaces considering bacterial colonization and viability of osteoblasts and fibroblasts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 38925622 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates nanostructured titanium surfaces (Ti2 spikes) that promote the viability of osteoblasts and fibroblasts and prevent bacterial colonisation. Helium ion irradiation was adopted to produce nanometric-sized cones on titanium. Human osteoblasts (hFOB) and human gingiva fibroblasts (hGF) were used for analysis. A viability and a cytotoxicity assay were conducted to evaluate the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and assess cell damage in Ti2 spikes compared to titanium discs with a sandblasted and acid-etched (Ti2 SLA) surface. The antibacterial activity was investigated against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. In the course of the cultivation, both hGF and hFOB demonstrated significantly reduced viability on the Ti2 spikes surface. hGF cells exhibited a slight but significant increase in LDH release. In contrast, hFOB showed reduced cytotoxicity on this surface. On the Ti2 spikes surface, hGF cells exhibited a significant reduction in gene expression of VCL, Src-1, and ITGα5. However, the integrin subunits ITGα1 and ITGα3 showed upregulation on the Ti2 spikes surface. The Ti2 spikes surface significantly increased the expression of almost all osteogenic markers. The results of conventional culturing demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the number of viable cells for S. mutans, F. nucleaum, and greater quantities of P. gingivalis on Ti2 spikes surface compared to control. However, no such reduction was detected for E. coli. The long-term success of implants relies on establishing and maintaining hard and soft peri-implant tissues. Ti2 spikes represent a novel and promising approach to enhance osseointegration and optimize biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Astasov-Frauenhoffer
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Marot
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Sanchez
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Steiner
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Lohberger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Sebastian Kühl
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Khaled Mukaddam
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Liang C, Zhang Y, Wang S, Jiao W, Guo J, Zhang N, Liu X. Nanomaterials in modulating tumor-associated macrophages and enhancing immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4809-4823. [PMID: 38695349 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are predominantly present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a crucial role in shaping the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. These TAMs primarily exhibit a tumor-promoting M2-like phenotype, which is associated with the suppression of immune responses and facilitation of tumor progression. Interestingly, recent research has highlighted the potential of repolarizing TAMs from an M2 to a pro-inflammatory M1 status-a shift that has shown promise in impeding tumor growth and enhancing immune responsiveness. This concept is particularly intriguing as it offers a new dimension to cancer therapy by targeting the tumor microenvironment, which is a significant departure from traditional approaches that focus solely on tumor cells. However, the clinical application of TAM-modulating agents is often challenged by issues such as insufficient tumor accumulation and off-target effects, limiting their effectiveness and safety. In this regard, nanomaterials have emerged as a novel solution. They serve a dual role: as delivery vehicles that can enhance the accumulation of therapeutic agents in the tumor site and as TAM-modulators. This dual functionality of nanomaterials is a significant advancement as it addresses the key limitations of current TAM-modulating strategies and opens up new avenues for more efficient and targeted therapies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest mechanisms and strategies involving nanomaterials in modulating macrophage polarization within the TME. It delves into the intricate interactions between nanomaterials and macrophages, elucidating how these interactions can be exploited to drive macrophage polarization towards a phenotype that is more conducive to anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, the review explores the burgeoning field of TAM-associated nanomedicines in combination with tumor immunotherapy. This combination approach is particularly promising as it leverages the strengths of both nanomedicine and immunotherapy, potentially leading to synergistic effects in combating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences & School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Siyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences & School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
| | - Wangbo Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Jingyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences & School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences & School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
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Deng Z, Yu L, Kuang Y, Zhou Z, Li X. Highly Ordered Nanotube-Like Microstructure on Titanium Dental Implant Surface Fabricated via Anodization Enhanced Cell Adhesion and Migration of Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2469-2485. [PMID: 38476279 PMCID: PMC10929655 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s448743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Titanium (Ti) surface with nanotubes array via anodization has been used in dental implants to enhance bone regeneration but little research was carried out to evaluate whether the presence of highly ordered or disorderly distributed nanotubes array on titanium surface would have an effect on cell behaviors of gingival fibroblasts. Methods The present study fabricated nanotubes arrays with varied topography under different constant voltage of electrochemical anodization in fluorine-containing electrolyte. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) from extracted third molar were harvested and co-cultured with titanium disks with different nanotubes topography. Then cell behaviors of gingival fibroblasts including cell proliferation, adhesive morphology and cell migration were estimated to investigate the influence of titanium nanotubes on cell biology. Besides, gene and protein expression of adhesion molecule (integrin β1/β4/α6, fibronectin, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and collagen type I) were detected to evaluate the influence of different surfaces on cell adhesion. Results Highly ordered arrays of nanotubes with pore diameter of 60 nm and 100 nm were fabricated under 30 and 40 V of anodization (TNT-30 and TNT-40) while disorderedly distributed nanotube arrays formed on the titanium surface under 50 V of anodization (TNT-50). Our results demonstrated that compared with raw titanium surface and disorderly nanotubes, surface with orderly nanotubes array increased cell area and aspect ratio, as well as cell migration ability in the early phase of cell adhesion (p<0.05). Besides, compared with raw titanium surface, gene and protein expression of adhesion molecules were upregulated in nanotubes groups to different extents, no matter whether in an orderly or disorderly array. Conclusion Within the limitations of our study, we conclude that compared with raw titanium surface, the presence of nanotubes array on titanium surface could enhance cells adhesion and cell migration in the early phase. And compared with disorderly distributed nanotubes, highly ordered nanotubes array might provide a much more favorable surface for gingival fibroblasts to achieve a tight adhesion on the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Deng
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lerong Yu
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yishen Kuang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangwei Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai City, 519000, People’s Republic of China
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Shu T, Wang X, Li M, Ma S, Cao J, Sun G, Lai T, Liu S, Li A, Qu Z, Pei D. Nanoscaled Titanium Oxide Layer Provokes Quick Osseointegration on 3D-Printed Dental Implants: A Domino Effect Induced by Hydrophilic Surface. ACS NANO 2024; 18:783-797. [PMID: 38117950 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing is a revolutionary strategy to fabricate dental implants. Especially, 3D-printed dental implants modified with nanoscaled titanium oxide layer (H-SLM) have impressively shown quick osseointegration, but the accurate mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we unmask a domino effect that the hydrophilic surface of the H-SLM facilitates blood wetting, enhances the blood shear rate, promotes blood clotting, and changes clot features for quick osseointegration. Combining computational fluid dynamic simulation and biological verification, we find a blood shear rate during blood wetting of the hydrophilic H-SLM 1.2-fold higher than that of the raw 3D-printed implant, which activates blood clot formation. Blood clots formed on the hydrophilic H-SLM demonstrate anti-inflammatory and pro-osteogenesis effects, leading to a 1.5-fold higher bone-to-implant contact and a 1.8-fold higher mechanical anchorage at the early stage of osseointegration. This mechanism deepens current knowledge between osseointegration speed and implant surface characteristics, which is instructive in surface nanoscaled modification of multiple 3D-printed intrabony implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Shu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xueliang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shaoyang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Guo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Tao Lai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shaobao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhiguo Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dandan Pei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Shirazi S, Huang CC, Kang M, Lu Y, Leung KS, Pitol-Palin L, Gomes-Ferreira PHS, Okamoto R, Ravindran S, Cooper LF. Evaluation of nanoscale versus hybrid micro/nano surface topographies for endosseous implants. Acta Biomater 2024; 173:199-216. [PMID: 37918471 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of a nanoscale titanium surface topography (D) versus two hybrid micro/nanoscale topographies (B and OS) on adherent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone marrow derived macrophages (BMMs) function in cell culture and in vivo. In the in vitro study, compared to OS and B surfaces, D surface induced earlier and greater cell spreading, and earlier and profound mRNA expression of RUNX2, Osterix and BMP2 in MSCs. D surface induced earlier and higher expression of RUNX2 and BMP2 and lower expression of inflammatory genes in implant adherent cells in vivo. Measurement of osteogenesis at implant surfaces showed greater bone-to-implant contact at D versus OS surfaces after 21 days. We explored the cell population on the D and OS implant surfaces 24 h after placement using single-cell RNA sequencing and identified distinct cell clusters including macrophages, neutrophils and B cells. D surface induced lower expression and earlier reduction of inflammatory genes expression in BMMs in vitro. BMMs on D, B and OS surfaces demonstrated a marked increase of BMP2 expression after 1 and 3 days, and this increase was significantly higher on D surface at day 3. Our data implicates a dynamic process that may be influenced by nanotopography at multiple stages of osseointegration including initial immunomodulation, recruitment of MSCs and later osteoblastic differentiation leading to bone matrix production and mineralization. The results suggest that a nanoscale topography (D) favorably modulates adherent macrophage polarization toward anti-inflammatory and regenerative phenotypes and promotes the osteoinductive phenotype of adherent mesenchymal stem cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Our manuscript contains original data developed to define effects of a novel nanotopography on the process of osseointegration at the cell and tissue level. Few studies have compared the effects of a nanoscale surface versus the more typical hybrid micro/nano-scale surfaces used today. We have utilized single-cell RNA sequencing for the first time to identify earliest cell populations on implant surfaces in vivo. We provide data indicating that the nanoscale surface acts upon both osteoprogenitor and immune cell (macrophages) to alter the process of bone formation in a surface-specific manner. This work represents new observations regarding osseointegration and immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Shirazi
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Miya Kang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kasey S Leung
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Letícia Pitol-Palin
- Diagnosis and Surgery Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, 16018-805, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Okamoto
- Basic Sciences Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, 16018-805, Brazil
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Lyndon F Cooper
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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10
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Mizutani T, Tsuchiya S, Honda M, Montenegro Raudales JL, Kuroda K, Miyamoto H, Nakamura T, Ishibashi K, Shibuya Y. Alkali-treated titanium dioxide promotes formation of proteoglycan layer and altered calcification and immunotolerance capacity in bone marrow stem cell. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101569. [PMID: 38024862 PMCID: PMC10658208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we report that a proteoglycans (PGs)-layer between the bone and titanium dioxide (TiO2) surface after osseointegration improved the calcification capacity and immunotolerance of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) on TiO2. Alkaline treatment of TiO2 is a method for promoting osteogenesis in hBMSCs. We hypothesized that promotion of osteogenesis due to alkaline treatment was caused by changing PGs-layer on TiO2. Objective This study aimed to analyze whether alkaline treatment of TiO2 affects PGs-layer formation and immunotolerance in hBMSCs. Methods The topology and wettability of the alkaline-treated titanium (Ti-Al) and unprocessed titanium (Ti-MS) surfaces were characterized. Initial cell attachment, cell proliferation, calcification capacity, alkaline phosphatase activity, PGs-layer formation, PGs function, and the expression of osteogenic and immunotolerance-related genes were analyzed. The conditioned medium (CM) from hBMSCs grown on Ti-Al and Ti-MS was added to macrophages (hMps) and Jurkat cells, and immunotolerance gene expression in these cells was analyzed. Results hBMSCs cultured on Ti-Al showed increased initial cell attachment, cell proliferation, PG-layer formation, and osteogenic capacity compared with hBMSCs on Ti-MS. Gene expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the hBMSCs cultured on Ti-Al was higher than that in the hBMSCs on Ti-MS. CM from hBMSCs did not affect markers of M1 and M2 macrophages in hMps. CM from hBMSCs cultured on Ti-Al altered the gene expression of Foxp3 in Jurkat cells compared to that of CM from hBMSCs on Ti-MS. Significance These results suggest that alkaline treatment of TiO2 altered PGs-layer formation, and changed the osteogenesis and immunotolerance of hBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Mizutani
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tsuchiya
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 470-0131, Japan
| | - Jorge Luis Montenegro Raudales
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 470-0131, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kuroda
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hironori Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nakamura
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ishibashi
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shibuya
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
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11
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Bighetti-Trevisan RL, Ferraz EP, Silva MBF, Zatta GC, de Almeida MB, Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Effect of osteoblasts on osteoclast differentiation and activity induced by titanium with nanotopography. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113448. [PMID: 37451224 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Titanium with nanotopography (Ti Nano) favors osteoblast differentiation and attenuates the osteoclast inhibitory effects on osteoblasts. Because the interactions between nanotopography and osteoclasts are underexplored, the aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of Ti Nano on osteoclast differentiation and activity, and the influence of osteoblasts on osteoclast-Ti Nano interaction. The discs were conditioned with a mixture of 10 N H2SO4 and 30% aqueous H2O2 to create Ti Nano and non-conditioned Ti discs were used as control (Ti Control). Osteoclasts were cultured on Ti Control and Ti Nano in the presence of osteoblasts in an indirect co-culture system. Also, osteoclasts were cultured on polystyrene and calcium phosphate plates in conditioned media by osteoblasts grown on Ti Control and Ti Nano. While Ti Control exhibited an irregular and smooth surface, Ti Nano presented nanopores distributed throughout the whole surface. Additionally, anisotropy was higher on Ti Nano than Ti Control. Nanotopography favored the gene expression of osteoclast markers but inhibited osteoclast differentiation and activity, and the presence of osteoblasts enhanced the effects of Ti Nano on osteoclasts. Such findings were mimicked by conditioned medium of osteoblasts cultured on Ti Nano, which reduced the osteoclast differentiation and activity. In conclusion, our results indicated that nanotopography regulates osteoblast-osteoclast crosstalk and further investigations should focus the impact of these bone cell interactions on Ti osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuela Prado Ferraz
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Crepi Zatta
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Barros de Almeida
- School of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 38408-100 MG, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Zeng Q, Zheng H, Heng BC, Yao W, Yang Y, Jiang S, Deng X. Chirality-biased protein expression profile during early stages of bone regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1217919. [PMID: 37533694 PMCID: PMC10393040 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1217919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chirality is a crucial mechanical cue within the extracellular matrix during tissue repair and regeneration. Despite its key roles in cell behavior and regeneration efficacy, our understanding of chirality-biased protein profile in vivo remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we characterized the proteomic profile of proteins extracted from bone defect areas implanted with left-handed and right-handed scaffold matrices during the early healing stage. We identified differentially-expressed proteins between the two groups and detected heterogenic characteristic signatures on day 3 and day 7 time points. Results: Proteomic analysis showed that left-handed chirality could upregulate cell adhesion-related and GTPase-related proteins on day 3 and day 7. Besides, interaction analysis and in vitro verification results indicated that the left-handed chiral scaffold material activated Rho GTPase and Akt1, ultimately leading to M2 polarization of macrophages. Discussion: In summary, our study thus improved understanding of the regenerative processes facilitated by chiral materials by characterizing the protein atlas in the context of bone defect repair and exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms of chirality-mediated polarization differences in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zeng
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yue Yang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, The First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Jiang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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13
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Tiskratok W, Yamada M, Watanabe J, Pengyu Q, Kimura T, Egusa H. Mechanoregulation of Osteoclastogenesis-Inducing Potentials of Fibrosarcoma Cell Line by Substrate Stiffness. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108959. [PMID: 37240303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A micro-physiological system is generally fabricated using soft materials, such as polydimethylsiloxane silicone (PDMS), and seeks an inflammatory osteolysis model for osteoimmunological research as one of the development needs. Microenvironmental stiffness regulates various cellular functions via mechanotransduction. Controlling culture substrate stiffness may help spatially coordinate the supply of osteoclastogenesis-inducing factors from immortalized cell lines, such as mouse fibrosarcoma L929 cells, within the system. Herein, we aimed to determine the effects of substrate stiffness on the osteoclastogenesis-inducing potential of L929 cells via cellular mechanotransduction. L929 cells showed increased expression of osteoclastogenesis-inducing factors when cultured on type I collagen-coated PDMS substrates with soft stiffness, approximating that of soft tissue sarcomas, regardless of the addition of lipopolysaccharide to augment proinflammatory reactions. Supernatants of L929 cells cultured on soft PDMS substrates promoted osteoclast differentiation of the mouse osteoclast precursor RAW 264.7 by stimulating the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related gene markers and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity. The soft PDMS substrate inhibited the nuclear translocation of YES-associated proteins in L929 cells without reducing cell attachment. However, the hard PDMS substrate hardly affected the cellular response of the L929 cells. Our results showed that PDMS substrate stiffness tuned the osteoclastogenesis-inducing potential of L929 cells via cellular mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharaphol Tiskratok
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
- School of Geriatric Oral Health, Institute of Dentistry, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Rd. Suranaree, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Mueang, Thailand
| | - Masahiro Yamada
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Qu Pengyu
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kimura
- Department of Material-Based Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 101-0062, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
- Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
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14
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Peng H, Ling T, Zhang Y, Xie T, Pei X, Zhou K, Chen A, Chen J, Zhu X, Zhang X, Zhou Z. Nanowhiskers Orchestrate Bone Formation and Bone Defect Repair by Modulating Immune Cell Behavior. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:9120-9134. [PMID: 36755394 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunomodulatory biomaterials have emerged as promising treatment agents for bone defects. However, it is unclear how such biomaterials control immune cell behaviors to facilitate large-segment bone defect repair. Herein, we fabricated biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics with nanowhisker structures to explore the immunoregulation features and influence on large-segment bone defect repair. We found that the nanowhisker structures markedly facilitated large-segment bone defect repair by promoting bone regeneration and scaffold resorption. Our in vitro experiment and transcriptomic analysis showed that mechanical stress derived from nanowhisker structures may activate the transcription of Egr-1 to induce early switch of macrophage phenotype to M2, which could not only facilitate osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs but also enhance the expression of osteoclast differentiation-regulating genes of M2 macrophage. In vivo study showed that the nanowhisker structures relieved local inflammatory responses by inducing early switch of macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2, which resulted in accelerated osteoclastogenesis for biomaterial resorption and osteogenesis for ectopic bone formation. Hence, we presume that nanowhisker structures may orchestrate bone formation and material resorption coupling to facilitate large-segment bone defect repair by controlling the switch of macrophage phenotype. This study provides new insight into the designing of immunomodulatory tissue engineering biomaterials for treating large-segment bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingxian Ling
- Orthopedic Research Institute & Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Orthopedic Research Institute & Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianhang Xie
- Orthopedic Research Institute & Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Orthopedic Research Institute & Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Anjing Chen
- Orthopedic Research Institute & Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongke Zhou
- Orthopedic Research Institute & Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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15
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He Y, Gao Y, Ma Q, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Song W. Nanotopographical cues for regulation of macrophages and osteoclasts: emerging opportunities for osseointegration. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:510. [PMID: 36463225 PMCID: PMC9719660 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotopographical cues of bone implant surface has direct influences on various cell types during the establishment of osseointegration, a prerequisite of implant bear-loading. Given the important roles of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells in bone regeneration and remodeling, the regulation of nanotopographies on macrophages and osteoclasts has arisen considerable attentions recently. However, compared to osteoblastic cells, how nanotopographies regulate macrophages and osteoclasts has not been properly summarized. In this review, the roles and interactions of macrophages, osteoclasts and osteoblasts at different stages of bone healing is firstly presented. Then, the diversity and preparation methods of nanotopographies are summarized. Special attentions are paid to the regulation characterizations of nanotopographies on macrophages polarization and osteoclast differentiation, as well as the focal adhesion-cytoskeleton mediated mechanism. Finally, an outlook is indicated of coordinating nanotopographies, macrophages and osteoclasts to achieve better osseointegration. These comprehensive discussions may not only help to guide the optimization of bone implant surface nanostructures, but also provide an enlightenment to the osteoimmune response to external implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide He
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Yuanxue Gao
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Qianli Ma
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Xige Zhang
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Wen Song
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
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16
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Shirazi S, Ravindran S, Cooper LF. Topography-mediated immunomodulation in osseointegration; Ally or Enemy. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121903. [PMID: 36410109 PMCID: PMC10148651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoimmunology is at full display during endosseous implant osseointegration. Bone formation, maintenance and resorption at the implant surface is a result of bidirectional and dynamic reciprocal communication between the bone and immune cells that extends beyond the well-defined osteoblast-osteoclast signaling. Implant surface topography informs adherent progenitor and immune cell function and their cross-talk to modulate the process of bone accrual. Integrating titanium surface engineering with the principles of immunology is utilized to harness the power of immune system to improve osseointegration in healthy and diseased microenvironments. This review summarizes current information regarding immune cell-titanium implant surface interactions and places these events in the context of surface-mediated immunomodulation and bone regeneration. A mechanistic approach is directed in demonstrating the central role of osteoimmunology in the process of osseointegration and exploring how regulation of immune cell function at the implant-bone interface may be used in future control of clinical therapies. The process of peri-implant bone loss is also informed by immunomodulation at the implant surface. How surface topography is exploited to prevent osteoclastogenesis is considered herein with respect to peri-implant inflammation, osteoclastic precursor-surface interactions, and the upstream/downstream effects of surface topography on immune and progenitor cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Shirazi
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lyndon F Cooper
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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17
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Xu B, He Y, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Song W. In Situ Growth of Tunable Gold Nanoparticles by Titania Nanotubes Templated Electrodeposition for Improving Osteogenesis through Modulating Macrophages Polarization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:50520-50533. [PMID: 36330544 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Driving macrophages M2 polarization has attracted growing attention for improving osteogenesis. Here, the in situ growth of tunable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on titania nanotubes (TiNTs) array was realized by electrodeposition, with the guidance of TiNTs. The fabricated Au layer showed excellent biocompatibility with different osteoimmune effects. Briefly, the Au deposition on 5 and 10 V anodized TiNTs surface could induce RAW264.7 cells to M2 polarization, whereas the Au deposition on 20 V anodized TiNTs surface showed M1 polarization, as indicated by various markers determination through immunofluorescence staining, qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Furthermore, the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 was significantly enhanced by the macrophages conditioned medium from the Au@10VNTs surface. The in vivo tests also confirmed denser and thicker new trabecula bone formation and more M2 macrophages infiltration both on and adjacent to the Au@10VNTs implant surface. In mechanism, the cytokine array analysis of macrophages conditioned medium from the Au@10VNTs surface revealed the upregulation of pro-healing cytokines such as IL-10 and VEGF and downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and MCSF. In addition, the NF-κB pathway was significantly inhibited. In conclusion, the electrodeposition of a Au layer guided by TiNTs is a promising strategy for reducing postoperative inflammatory reactions and improving osseointegration through modulating macrophages polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yide He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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18
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Shao H, Ma M, Wang Q, Yan T, Zhao B, Guo S, Tong S. Advances in the superhydrophilicity-modified titanium surfaces with antibacterial and pro-osteogenesis properties: A review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1000401. [PMID: 36147527 PMCID: PMC9485881 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the rate of implant failure has been increasing. Microbial infection was the primary cause, and the main stages included bacterial adhesion, biofilm formation, and severe inhibition of implant osseointegration. Various biomaterials and their preparation methods have emerged to produce specific implants with antimicrobial or bactericidal properties to reduce implant infection caused by bacterial adhesion and effectively promote bone and implant integration. In this study, we reviewed the research progress of bone integration promotion and antibacterial action of superhydrophilic surfaces based on titanium alloys. First, the adverse reactions caused by bacterial adhesion to the implant surface, including infection and bone integration deficiency, are briefly introduced. Several commonly used antibacterial methods of titanium alloys are introduced. Secondly, we discuss the antibacterial properties of superhydrophilic surfaces based on ultraviolet photo-functionalization and plasma treatment, in contrast to the antibacterial principle of superhydrophobic surface morphology. Thirdly, the osteogenic effects of superhydrophilic surfaces are described, according to the processes of osseointegration: osteogenic immunity, angiogenesis, and osteogenic related cells. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects for the development of this superhydrophilic surface in clinical applications, as well as the prominent strategies and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Shao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingchen Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Baohong Zhao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Baohong Zhao, ; Shu Guo, ; Shuang Tong,
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Baohong Zhao, ; Shu Guo, ; Shuang Tong,
| | - Shuang Tong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Baohong Zhao, ; Shu Guo, ; Shuang Tong,
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19
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Titanium nanotopography induces osteocyte lacunar-canalicular networks to strengthen osseointegration. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:613-627. [PMID: 35995407 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteocyte network architecture is closely associated with bone turnover. The cellular mechanosensing system regulates osteocyte dendrite formation by enhancing focal adhesion. Therefore, titanium surface nanotopography might affect osteocyte network architecture and improve the peri-implant bone tissue quality, leading to strengthened osseointegration of bone-anchored implants. We aimed to investigate the effects of titanium nanosurfaces on the development of osteocyte lacunar-canalicular networks and osseointegration of dental implants. Alkaline etching created titanium nanosurfaces with anisotropically patterned dense nanospikes, superhydrophilicity, and hydroxyl groups. MLO-Y4 mouse osteocyte-like cells cultured on titanium nanosurfaces developed neuron-like dendrites with increased focal adhesion assembly and gap junctions. Maturation was promoted in osteocytes cultured on titanium nanosurfaces compared to cells cultured on machined or acid-etched micro-roughened titanium surfaces. Osteocytes cultured in type I three-dimensional collagen gels for seven days on nano-roughened titanium surfaces displayed well-developed interconnectivity with highly developed dendrites and gap junctions compared to the poor interconnectivity observed on the other titanium surfaces. Even if superhydrophilicity and hydroxyl groups were maintained, the loss of anisotropy-patterned nanospikes reduced expression of gap junction in osteocytes cultured on alkaline-etched titanium nanosurfaces. Four weeks after placing the titanium nanosurface implants in the upper jawbone of wild-type rats, osteocytes with numerous dendrites were found directly attached to the implant surface, forming well-developed lacunar-canalicular networks around the nano-roughened titanium implants. The osseointegration strength of the nano-roughened titanium implants was significantly higher than that of the micro-roughened titanium implants. These data indicate that titanium nanosurfaces promote osteocyte lacunar-canalicular network development via nanotopographical cues and strengthen osseointegration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The clinical stability of bone-anchoring implant devices is influenced by the bone quality. The osteocyte network potentially affects bone quality and is established by the three-dimensional (3D) connection of neuron-like dendrites of well-matured osteocytes within the bone matrix. No biomaterials are known to regulate formation of the osteocyte network. The present study provides the first demonstration that titanium nanosurfaces with nanospikes created by alkali-etching treatment enhance the 3D formation of osteocyte networks by promoting osteocyte dendrite formation and maturation by nanotopographic cues, leading to strengthened osseointegration of titanium implants. Osteocytes attached to the titanium nanosurfaces via numerous cellular projections. The success of osteocyte regulation by nanotechnology paves the way for development of epoch-making technologies to control bone quality.
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Titania nanospikes activate macrophage phagocytosis by ligand-independent contact stimulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12250. [PMID: 35851278 PMCID: PMC9293906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage phagocytosis is an important research target to combat various inflammatory or autoimmune diseases; however, the phenomenon has never been controlled by artificial means. Titania nanospikes created by alkaline etching treatment can tune macrophage polarization toward a M1-like type and might regulate macrophage phagocytosis. This in vitro study aimed to determine whether the two-dimensional titania nanosurfaces created by alkaline etching treatment activated the macrophage phagocytosis by nanospike-mediated contact stimulation. On two-dimensional pure titanium sheets, alkaline etching treatments with different protocols created superhydrophilic nanosurfaces with hydroxyl function groups and moderate or dense nanospikes. Both types of titania nanosurfaces promoted the phagocytic activity of the mouse macrophage-like cell line, J774A.1, through upregulation of M1 polarization markers and phagocytosis-related receptors, such as toll-like receptors (TLR2 and 4). In contrast, the hydrophobic smooth or micro-roughened titanium surfaces did not activate macrophage phagocytosis or the expression of related receptors. These phenomena remained unchanged even under the antibody blockade of macrophage TLR2 but were either suppressed or augmented for each surface excited by ultraviolet irradiation. Titania nanospikes induced paxillin expression and provided physical stimuli to macrophages, the extent of which was positively correlated with TLR expression levels. Ligand stimulation with lipopolysaccharide did not upregulate macrophage TLR expression but further enhanced M1 marker expression by titania nanosurfaces. These results showed that the two-dimensional titania nanosurfaces activated macrophage phagocytosis by enhancing expression of phagocytosis-related receptors through nanospike-mediated contact stimulation, in assistance with physical surface properties, in a ligand-independent manner.
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Yamada M, Kimura T, Nakamura N, Watanabe J, Kartikasari N, He X, Tiskratok W, Yoshioka H, Shinno H, Egusa H. Titanium Nanosurface with a Biomimetic Physical Microenvironment to Induce Endogenous Regeneration of the Periodontium. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:27703-27719. [PMID: 35695310 PMCID: PMC9231364 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The periodontium supports the teeth by dentoalveolar fibrous joints that serve unique oral functions. Endogenous regeneration of the periodontium around artificial teeth (dental implants) provides a cost-effective solution for the extension of healthy life expectancy but remains a challenge in regenerative medicine. Biomimetics can create smart biomaterials that tune endogenous cells at a tissue-material interface. Here, we created a smart titanium nanosurface mimicking the surface nanotopography and micromechanical properties of the tooth root cementum (TRC), which is essential for the induction of dentoalveolar fibrous joints to regenerate the periodontium. After transplantation into the rat renal capsule, only the titanium artificial tooth with the TRC-mimetic nanosurface formed a complex dentoalveolar fibrous joint structure, with bone tissue, periodontal ligament (PDL), and TRC, in the decellularized jawbone matrix. TRC-mimetic titanium implants induce the formation of functional periodontium, even in a jawbone implantation model, which generally causes osseointegration (ankyloses). In human PDL cells, TRC analogousness in the surface mechanical microenvironment regulates matrix mineralization through bone sialoprotein expression and phosphorus metabolism, which are critical for cementogenesis. Therefore, the titanium nanosurfaces with nanotopographical and mechanical microenvironments mimicking the TRC surface induce dentoalveolar fibrous joints for periodontal regeneration by interfacial tuning of endogenous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamada
- Division
of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kimura
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakamura
- Department
of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and
Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Division
of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Nadia Kartikasari
- Division
of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Xindie He
- Division
of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Watcharaphol Tiskratok
- Division
of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hayato Yoshioka
- Laboratory
for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hidenori Shinno
- Laboratory
for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division
of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
- Center
for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
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Akasaka T, Hayashi H, Tamai M, Yoshimura Y, Tagawa YI, Miyaji H, Nakanishi K, Yoshida Y. Osteoclast formation from mouse bone marrow cells on micro/nano-scale patterned surfaces. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:237-244. [PMID: 35398598 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoclasts can sense the surface topography of materials. However, it is difficult to identify the structural factors that affect osteoclast formation and its function. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the type of osteoclast precursor cells also affects osteoclastogenesis in the materials. In this study, we investigated the effects of defined micro/nanoscale patterns on osteoclastogenesis from bone marrow cells (BMCs). METHODS Various cyclo-olefin polymer (COP) patterns were prepared using nanoimprinting. The effects of shape, size, and height of the patterns, and the wettability of the patterned surfaces on osteoclastogenesis from BMCs were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS Osteoclast formation was promoted on pillars (diameter, 1 μm or 500 nm; height, 500 nm). Notably, osteoclastogenesis from BMCs was better promoted on hydrophobic pillars than on hydrophilic pillars. In contrast, decreased osteoclast formation was observed on the nanopillars (diameter, 100 nm; height, 200 nm). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the promotion of osteoclast formation from BMCs on hydrophobic pillars with diameters of 1 μm and 500 nm. Some cellular behaviors in the patterns were dependent on the type of osteoclast precursor cells. The designed patterns are useful for designing the surface of dental implants or bone replacement materials with a controllable balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Akasaka
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Hayashi
- Research and Development Division, Hokkaido University Hospital Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Center, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Miho Tamai
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan; Immune Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan; School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 B51, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Yoshimura
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Yoh-Ichi Tagawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 B51, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyaji
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Ko Nakanishi
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
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