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Xu S, Han X, Wang X, Yu Y, Qu C, Liu X, Yang B. The role of oxidative stress in aortic dissection: a potential therapeutic target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1410477. [PMID: 39070552 PMCID: PMC11272543 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1410477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of aortic dissection (AD) is steadily increasing, driven by the rising prevalence of chronic conditions such as hypertension and the global aging of the population. Oxidative stress emerges as a pivotal pathophysiological mechanism contributing to the progression of AD. Oxidative stress triggers apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells, reshapes the extracellular matrix (ECM), and governs ECM degradation and remodeling, subsequently impacting aortic compliance. Furthermore, oxidative stress not only facilitates the infiltration of macrophages and mononuclear lymphocytes but also disrupts the integral structure and functionality of endothelial cells, thereby inducing endothelial cell dysfunction and furthering the degeneration of the middle layer of the aortic wall. Investigating antioxidants holds promise as a therapeutic avenue for addressing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiukun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Tang J, Liu W, Li X, Peng Y, Zhang Y, Hou S. Linking myosin heavy chain isoform shift to mechanical properties and fracture modes in skeletal muscle tissue. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024; 23:103-116. [PMID: 37568047 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Muscle fibers play a crucial role in the mechanical action of skeletal muscle tissue. However, it is unclear how the histological variations affect the mechanical properties of tissues. In this study, the shift of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms is used for the first time to establish a linkage between tissue histological variation and passive mechanical properties. The shift of MHC isoform is found not only to induce significant differences in skeletal muscle passive mechanical properties, but also to lead to differences in strain rate responses. Non-negligible rate dependence is observed even in the conventionally defined quasi-static regime. Fidelity in the estimated constitutive parameters, which can be impacted due to variation in MHC isoforms and hence in rate sensitivity, is enhanced using a Bayesian inference framework. Subsequently, scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy are used to characterize the fracture morphology of muscle tissues and fibers. The fracture mode of both MHC I and II muscle fibers exhibited shearing of endomysium. Results show that the increase in strain rate only leads to stronger rebounding of the muscle fibers during tissue rupture without changing fracture modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wenyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Xuhong Li
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shujuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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Illi J, Ilic M, Stark AW, Amstutz C, Burger J, Zysset P, Haeberlin A, Gräni C. Mechanical testing and comparison of porcine tissue, silicones and 3D-printed materials for cardiovascular phantoms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1274673. [PMID: 38107617 PMCID: PMC10725245 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1274673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular phantoms for patient education, pre-operative planning, surgical training, haemodynamic simulation, and device testing may help improve patient care. However, currently used materials may have different mechanical properties compared to biological tissue. Methods/Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of 3D-printing and silicone materials in comparison to biological cardiovascular tissues. Uniaxial cyclic tension testing was performed using dumbbell samples from porcine tissue (aorta, pulmonary artery, right and left ventricle). Flexible testing materials included 15 silicone (mixtures) and three 3D-printing materials. The modulus of elasticity was calculated for different deformation ranges. Results: The modulus of elasticity (0%-60%) for the aorta ranged from 0.16 to 0.18 N/mm2, for the pulmonary artery from 0.07 to 0.09 N/mm2, and for the right ventricle as well as the left ventricle short-axis from 0.1 to 0.16 N/mm2. For silicones the range of modulus of elasticity was 0.02-1.16 N/mm2, and for the 3D-printed materials from 0.85 to 1.02 N/mm2. The stress-strain curves of all tissues showed a non-linear behaviour in the cyclic tensile testing, with a distinct toe region, followed by exponential strain hardening behaviour towards the peak elongation. The vessel samples showed a more linear behaviour comparted to myocardial samples. The silicones and 3D printing materials exhibited near-linearity at higher strain ranges, with a decrease in stiffness following the initial deformation. All samples showed a deviation between the loading and unloading curves (hysteresis), and a reduction in peak force over the first few cycles (adaptation effect) at constant deformation. Conclusion: The modulus of elasticity of silicone mixtures is more in agreement to porcine cardiovascular tissues than 3D-printed materials. All synthetic materials showed an almost linear behaviour in the mechanical testing compared to the non-linear behaviour of the biological tissues, probably due to fibre recruitment mechanism in the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Illi
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc Ilic
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anselm Walter Stark
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Amstutz
- School of Biomedical and Precision Engineering, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Burger
- School of Biomedical and Precision Engineering, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Zysset
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Haeberlin
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Translational Imaging Center, Sitem Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gräni
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Translational Imaging Center, Sitem Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Gacek E, Mahutga RR, Barocas VH. Hybrid Discrete-Continuum Multiscale Model of Tissue Growth and Remodeling. Acta Biomater 2022; 163:7-24. [PMID: 36155097 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tissue growth and remodeling (G&R) is often central to disease etiology and progression, so understanding G&R is essential for understanding disease and developing effective therapies. While the state-of-the-art in this regard is animal and cellular models, recent advances in computational tools offer another avenue to investigate G&R. A major challenge for computational models is bridging from the cellular scale (at which changes are actually occurring) to the macroscopic, geometric-scale (at which physiological consequences arise). Thus, many computational models simplify one scale or another in the name of computational tractability. In this work, we develop a discrete-continuum modeling scheme for analyzing G&R, in which we apply changes directly to the discrete cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture and pass those changes up to a finite-element macroscale geometry. We demonstrate the use of the model in three case-study scenarios: the media of a thick-walled artery, and the media and adventitia of a thick-walled artery, and chronic dissection of an arterial wall. We analyze each case in terms of the new and insightful data that can be gathered from this technique, and we compare our results from this model to several others. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work is significant in that it provides a framework for combining discrete, microstructural- and cellular-scale models to the growth and remodeling of large tissue structures (such as the aorta). It is a significant advance in that it couples the microscopic remodeling with an existing macroscopic finite element model, making it relatively easy to use for a wide range of conceptual models. It has the potential to improve understanding of many growth and remodeling processes, such as organ formation during development and aneurysm formation, growth, and rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Gacek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Ryan R Mahutga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Victor H Barocas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455.
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