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Tan B, Wu Y, Wang R, Lee D, Li Y, Qian Z, Liao J. Biodegradable Nanoflowers with Abaloparatide Spatiotemporal Management of Functional Alveolar Bone Regeneration. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2619-2628. [PMID: 38350110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Post-extraction alveolar bone atrophy greatly hinders the subsequent orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) or implant placement. In this study, we synthesized biodegradable bifunctional bioactive calcium phosphorus nanoflowers (NFs) loaded with abaloparatide (ABL), namely ABL@NFs, to achieve spatiotemporal management for alveolar bone regeneration. The NFs exhibited a porous hierarchical structure, high drug encapsulation efficacy, and desirable biocompatibility. ABL was initially released to recruit stem cells, followed by sustained release of Ca2+ and PO43- for in situ interface mineralization, establishing an osteogenic "biomineralized environment". ABL@NFs successfully restored morphologically and functionally active alveolar bone without affecting OTM. In conclusion, the ABL@NFs demonstrated promising outcomes for bone regeneration under orthodontic condition, which might provide a desirable reference of man-made "bone powder" in the hard tissue regeneration field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongzhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dashiell Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Pyo SW, Paik JW, Lee DN, Seo YW, Park JY, Kim S, Choi SH. Comparative Analysis of Bone Regeneration According to Particle Type and Barrier Membrane for Octacalcium Phosphate Grafted into Rabbit Calvarial Defects. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:215. [PMID: 38534489 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11030215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This animal study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of new bone formation and volume maintenance according to the particle type and the collagen membrane function for grafted octacalcium phosphate (OCP) in rabbit calvarial defects. The synthetic bone substitutes were prepared in powder form with 90% OCP and granular form with 76% OCP, respectively. The calvarial defects were divided into four groups according to the particle type and the membrane application. All specimens were acquired 2 weeks (n = 5) and 8 weeks (n = 5) after surgery. According to the micro-CT results, the new bone volume increased at 2 weeks in the 76% OCP groups compared to the 90% OCP groups, and the bone volume ratio was significantly lower in the 90% OCP group after 2 weeks. The histomorphometric analysis results indicated that the new bone area and its ratio in all experimental groups were increased at 8 weeks except for the group with 90% OCP without a membrane. Furthermore, the residual bone graft area and its ratio in the 90% OCP groups were decreased at 8 weeks. In conclusion, all types of OCP could be applied as biocompatible bone graft materials regardless of its density and membrane application. Neither the OCP concentration nor the membrane application had a significant effect on new bone formation in the defect area, but the higher the OCP concentration, the less graft volume maintenance was needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Wook Pyo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Paik
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Na Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wook Seo
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Park
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjai Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Aoki K, Ideta H, Komatsu Y, Tanaka A, Kito M, Okamoto M, Takahashi J, Suzuki S, Saito N. Bone-Regeneration Therapy Using Biodegradable Scaffolds: Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics and Biodegradable Polymers. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:180. [PMID: 38391666 PMCID: PMC10886059 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate-based synthetic bone is broadly used for the clinical treatment of bone defects caused by trauma and bone tumors. Synthetic bone is easy to use; however, its effects depend on the size and location of the bone defect. Many alternative treatment options are available, such as joint arthroplasty, autologous bone grafting, and allogeneic bone grafting. Although various biodegradable polymers are also being developed as synthetic bone material in scaffolds for regenerative medicine, the clinical application of commercial synthetic bone products with comparable performance to that of calcium phosphate bioceramics have yet to be realized. This review discusses the status quo of bone-regeneration therapy using artificial bone composed of calcium phosphate bioceramics such as β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP), carbonate apatite, and hydroxyapatite (HA), in addition to the recent use of calcium phosphate bioceramics, biodegradable polymers, and their composites. New research has introduced potential materials such as octacalcium phosphate (OCP), biologically derived polymers, and synthetic biodegradable polymers. The performance of artificial bone is intricately related to conditions such as the intrinsic material, degradability, composite materials, manufacturing method, structure, and signaling molecules such as growth factors and cells. The development of new scaffold materials may offer more efficient bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Aoki
- Physical Therapy Division, School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ideta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yukiko Komatsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Munehisa Kito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masanori Okamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Matsumoto Medical Center, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Naoto Saito
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
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Tolmacheva N, Bhattacharyya A, Noh I. Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials for 3D Bioprinting in Bone Tissue Engineering. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:95. [PMID: 38392140 PMCID: PMC10886915 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting is a promising technology for bone tissue engineering. However, most hydrogel bioinks lack the mechanical and post-printing fidelity properties suitable for such hard tissue regeneration. To overcome these weak properties, calcium phosphates can be employed in a bioink to compensate for the lack of certain characteristics. Further, the extracellular matrix of natural bone contains this mineral, resulting in its structural robustness. Thus, calcium phosphates are necessary components of bioink for bone tissue engineering. This review paper examines different recently explored calcium phosphates, as a component of potential bioinks, for the biological, mechanical and structural properties required of 3D bioprinted scaffolds, exploring their distinctive properties that render them favorable biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. The discussion encompasses recent applications and adaptations of 3D-printed scaffolds built with calcium phosphates, delving into the scientific reasons behind the prevalence of certain types of calcium phosphates over others. Additionally, this paper elucidates their interactions with polymer hydrogels for 3D bioprinting applications. Overall, the current status of calcium phosphate/hydrogel bioinks for 3D bioprinting in bone tissue engineering has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Tolmacheva
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Amitava Bhattacharyya
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
- Medical Electronics Research Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Insup Noh
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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Stafin K, Śliwa P, Piątkowski M. Towards Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering: A Biomimetic Approach in a 3D Printing Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16180. [PMID: 38003368 PMCID: PMC10671727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The alveolar bone is a unique type of bone, and the goal of bone tissue engineering (BTE) is to develop methods to facilitate its regeneration. Currently, an emerging trend involves the fabrication of polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds using a three-dimensional (3D) printing technique to enhance an osteoconductive architecture. These scaffolds are further modified with hydroxyapatite (HA), type I collagen (CGI), or chitosan (CS) to impart high osteoinductive potential. In conjunction with cell therapy, these scaffolds may serve as an appealing alternative to bone autografts. This review discusses research gaps in the designing of 3D-printed PCL-based scaffolds from a biomimetic perspective. The article begins with a systematic analysis of biological mineralisation (biomineralisation) and ossification to optimise the scaffold's structural, mechanical, degradation, and surface properties. This scaffold-designing strategy lays the groundwork for developing a research pathway that spans fundamental principles such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and fabrication techniques. Ultimately, this paves the way for systematic in vitro and in vivo studies, leading to potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Stafin
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Śliwa
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Marek Piątkowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
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Murphy B, Morris MA, Baez J. Development of Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Orthopaedic Implants from Colloidal Solutions: Part 2-Detailed Characterisation of the Coatings and Their Growth Mechanism. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2606. [PMID: 37764634 PMCID: PMC10535467 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This study is the second part of a two-part study whereby supersaturated solutions of calcium and phosphate ions generate well-defined hydroxyapatite coatings for orthopaedic implants. An 'ideal' process solution is selected from Part 1, and the detailed characterisation of films produced from this solution is undertaken here in Part 2. Analysis is presented on the hydroxyapatite produced, in both powder form and as a film upon titanium substrates representative of orthopaedic implants. From thermal analysis data, it is shown that there is bound and interstitial water present in the hydroxyapatite. Nuclear magnetic resonance data allow for the distinction between an amorphous and a crystalline component of the material. As hydroxyapatite coatings are generated, their growth mechanism is tracked across repeated process runs. A clear understanding of the growth mechanism is achieved though crystallinity and electron imaging data. Transmission electron imaging data support the proposed crystal growth and deposition mechanism. All of the data conclude that this process has a clear propensity to grow the hydroxyapatite phase of octacalcium phosphate. The investigation of the hydroxyapatite coating and its growth mechanism establish that a stable and reproducible process window has been identified. Precise control is achieved, leading to the successful formation of the desired hydroxyapatite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bríd Murphy
- Advanced Materials & Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 CP49 Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mick A. Morris
- Advanced Materials & Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 CP49 Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jhonattan Baez
- Advanced Materials & Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 CP49 Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin 2, Ireland
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Exploring the Formation Kinetics of Octacalcium Phosphate from Alpha-Tricalcium Phosphate: Synthesis Scale-Up, Determination of Transient Phases, Their Morphology and Biocompatibility. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030462. [PMID: 36979398 PMCID: PMC10046208 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Even with decades of research studies behind octacalcium phosphate (OCP), determination of OCP phase formation has proved to be a cumbersome challenge. Even though obtaining a large quantity of OCP is important for potential clinical uses, it still remains a hindrance to obtain high yields of pure OCP. Taking that into consideration, the purpose of this study was to scale-up OCP synthesis for the first time and to use a multi-technique approach to follow the phase transformation pathway at multiple time points. In the present study, OCP has been synthesized from α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), and subsequently scaled-up tenfold and hundredfold (100 mg → 10 g). The hydrolysis mechanism has been followed and described by using XRD and FTIR spectroscopy, as well as Raman and SEM. Gradual transformation into the OCP phase transpired through dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (brushite, DCPD, up to ~36%) as an intermediary phase. Furthermore, the obtained transitional phases and final OCP phases (across all scale-up levels) were tested with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), in order to see how different phase mixtures affect the cell viability, and also to corroborate the safety of the scaled-up product. Twelve out of seventeen specimens showed satisfactory percentages of cell viability and confirmed the prospective use of scaled-up OCP in further in vitro studies. The present study, therefore, provides the first scale-up process of OCP synthesis, an in depth understanding of the formation pathway, and investigation of the parameters able to contribute in the OCP phase formation.
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Bone Apatite Nanocrystal: Crystalline Structure, Chemical Composition, and Architecture. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010090. [PMID: 36975320 PMCID: PMC10046636 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological and mechanical functions of bone rely critically on the inorganic constituent, which can be termed as bone apatite nanocrystal. It features a hydroxylapatite-like crystalline structure, complex chemical compositions (e.g., carbonate-containing and calcium- and hydroxyl-deficient), and fine geometries and properties. The long research with vast literature across broad spectra of disciplines and fields from chemistry, crystallography, and mineralogy, to biology, medical sciences, materials sciences, mechanics, and engineering has produced a wealth of knowledge on the bone apatite nanocrystal. This has generated significant impacts on bioengineering and industrial engineering, e.g., in developing new biomaterials with superior osteo-inductivities and in inspiring novel strong and tough composites, respectively. Meanwhile, confusing and inconsistent understandings on the bone mineral constituent should be addressed to facilitate further multidisciplinary progress. In this review, we present a mineralogical account of the bone-related ideal apatite mineral and then a brief historical overview of bone mineral research. These pave the road to understanding the bone apatite nanocrystal via a material approach encompassing crystalline structure, diverse chemical formulae, and interesting architecture and properties, from which several intriguing research questions emerge for further explorations. Through providing the classical and latest findings with decent clearness and adequate breadth, this review endeavors to promote research advances in a variety of related science and engineering fields.
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