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Ibrahim A, Fahmy HM, Mahmoud GAE, Soliman M, Elshahawy AM. New strategies for sterilization and preservation of fresh fish skin grafts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1253. [PMID: 38218988 PMCID: PMC10787751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51608-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of fish skin as a biological dressing for treating burns and wounds holds great promise, offering an alternative to existing management strategies. However, the risk of disease transmission is a significant concern. Therefore, this study aimed to examine how established sterilization and preservation procedures affected fish skin grafts' microbiological and histological properties for long-term usage. Lyophilization of the fish skin graft followed by rehydration in normal saline for 15 min did not change the collagen content. Furthermore, gamma irradiation of the lyophilized fish skin graft at different lengths 5, 10, and 25 KGy showed a significant reduction in microbial growth (aerobic bacteria, aerobic yeasts, and fungi) at 15- and 30 days after the irradiation. However, exposure to 10 KGy was found to be the most effective intensity among the different gamma irradiation lengths since it preserved the collagen fiber content and intensity in the lyophilized fish skin grafts at 15- and 30 days after the irradiation. These findings provide efficient preservation and sterilization methods for long-term usage of the fresh Tilapia skin grafts used for biological dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ibrahim
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Hossam M Fahmy
- Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud Soliman
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
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Radzikowska-Büchner E, Łopuszyńska I, Flieger W, Tobiasz M, Maciejewski R, Flieger J. An Overview of Recent Developments in the Management of Burn Injuries. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16357. [PMID: 38003548 PMCID: PMC10671630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 11 million people suffer from burns every year, and 180,000 die from them. A burn is a condition in which heat, chemical substances, an electrical current or other factors cause tissue damage. Burns mainly affect the skin, but can also affect deeper tissues such as bones or muscles. When burned, the skin loses its main functions, such as protection from the external environment, pathogens, evaporation and heat loss. Depending on the stage of the burn, the patient's condition and the cause of the burn, we need to choose the most appropriate treatment. Personalization and multidisciplinary collaboration are key to the successful management of burn patients. In this comprehensive review, we have collected and discussed the available treatment options, focusing on recent advances in topical treatments, wound cleansing, dressings, skin grafting, nutrition, pain and scar tissue management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillary Surgery, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wołoska 137 Street, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Inga Łopuszyńska
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillary Surgery, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wołoska 137 Street, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4 Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Michał Tobiasz
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery and Burn Treatment, Medical University of Lublin, Krasnystawska 52 Street, 21-010 Łęczna, Poland;
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101 Street, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Gallo N, Terzi A, Sibillano T, Giannini C, Masi A, Sicuro A, Blasi FS, Corallo A, Pennetta A, De Benedetto GE, Montagna F, Maffezzoli A, Sannino A, Salvatore L. Age-Related Properties of Aquaponics-Derived Tilapia Skin ( Oreochromis niloticus): A Structural and Compositional Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031938. [PMID: 36768265 PMCID: PMC9916702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, fisheries and fish industries by-products have started to be recovered for the extraction of type I collagen because of issues related to the extraction of traditional mammalian tissues. In this work, special attention has been paid to by-products from fish bred in aquaponic plants. The valorization of aquaponic fish wastes as sources of biopolymers would make the derived materials eco-friendlier and attractive in terms of profitability and cost effectiveness. Among fish species, Nile Tilapia is the second-most farmed species in the world and its skin is commonly chosen as a collagen extraction source. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been carried out to investigate, in depth, the age-related differences in fish skin with the final aim of selecting the most advantageous fish size for collagen extraction. In this work, the impact of age on the structural and compositional properties of Tilapia skin was evaluated with the aim of selecting the condition that best lends itself to the extraction of type I collagen for biomedical applications, based on the known fact that the properties of the original tissue have a significant impact on those of the final product. Performed analysis showed statistically significant age-related differences. In particular, an increase in skin thickness (+110 µm) and of wavy-like collagen fiber bundle diameter (+3 µm) besides their organization variation was observed with age. Additionally, a preferred collagen molecule orientation along two specific directions was revealed, with a higher fiber orientation degree according to age. Thermal analysis registered a shift of the endothermic peak (+1.7 °C) and an increase in the enthalpy (+3.3 J/g), while mechanical properties were found to be anisotropic, with an age-dependent brittle behavior. Water (+13%) and ash (+0.6%) contents were found to be directly proportional with age, as opposed to protein (-8%) and lipid (-10%) contents. The amino acid composition revealed a decrease in the valine, leucine, isoleucine, and threonine content and an increase in proline and hydroxyproline. Lastly, fatty acids C14:0, C15:0, C16:1, C18:2n6c, C18:3n6, C18:0, C20:3n3, and C23:0 were revealed to be upregulated, while C18:1n9c was downregulated with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alberta Terzi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Sibillano
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Annalia Masi
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sicuro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Federica Stella Blasi
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Angelo Corallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Pennetta
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Montagna
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alfonso Maffezzoli
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Typeone Biomaterials Srl, Via Vittorio Veneto, 73036 Muro Leccese, Italy
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Luze H, Nischwitz SP, Smolle C, Zrim R, Kamolz LP. The Use of Acellular Fish Skin Grafts in Burn Wound Management-A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:912. [PMID: 35888631 PMCID: PMC9323726 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Burn wound healing and management continues to be a major challenge for patients and health care providers resulting in a considerable socio-economic burden. Recent advances in the development of applicable xenografts as an alternative to split-thickness skin grafts have allowed for the development of acellular fish skin. Acellular fish skin acts as a skin substitute, reducing inflammatory responses and advancing proinflammatory cytokines that promote wound healing. Due to these beneficial wound healing properties, acellular fish skin might represent an effective treatment approach in burn wound management. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature, up to March 2022, was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science. Titles and abstracts were screened for the following key terms (variably combined): "fish skin", "fish skin grafts", "acellular fish skin", "Omega3 Wound matrix", "xenograft", "burn injury", "burns". Results: In total, 14 trials investigating the effects of acellular fish skin in burn wounds or split-thickness donor sites were determined eligible and included in the present review. Existing evidence on the use of acellular fish skin indicates an acceleration of wound healing, reduction in pain and necessary dressing changes as well as treatment-related costs and improved aesthetic and functional outcomes compared to conventional treatment options. Conclusions: Acellular fish skin xenografts may represent an effective, low-cost alternative in treatment of superficial- and partial-thickness burns. However, results mainly originate from preclinical and small cohort studies. Future larger cohort studies are warranted to elucidate the full potential of this promising approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Luze
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.P.N.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.-P.K.)
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction c/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian Philipp Nischwitz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.P.N.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.-P.K.)
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction c/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Smolle
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.P.N.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.-P.K.)
| | - Robert Zrim
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.P.N.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.-P.K.)
- International University of Monaco, 98000 Monaco-Ville, Monaco
| | - Lars-Peter Kamolz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.P.N.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (L.-P.K.)
- COREMED—Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Safety in Health c/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
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