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Zafari J, Omidi Sarajar B, Assar N, Moshaii A, Jafarzadeh E, Javani Jouni F. The Effects of Photodynamic Therapy with Low-Level Diode Laser Compared with Doxorubicin on HT-29 Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells Viability. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024. [PMID: 39324276 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2024.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Colorectal adenocarcinoma is considered one of the major causes of cancer-related lethality among other type of malignancies. Given the several limitations and adverse outcomes of conventional therapeutic regimens against colorectal cancer, the focus of many investigations has been attributed to the introduction of a novel combined regimen with harmless agents. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of combined doxorubicin (DOX) treatment and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Material and Methods: HT-29 cells were exposed to different concentrations of DOX, low-level (630 nm) diode laser, and methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizer substrate separately and a combination of them. The cytotoxic effect of the DOX, laser, MB, and their combination and the IC50 value for each treatment group were calculated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The malondialdehyde (MDA) content as a biomarker of the lipid peroxidation process and liberated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme into supernatant was determined. Results: The results of our study evidenced that a combination of photodynamic light (laser plus MB) and DOX caused a significant reduction in the percentage of HT-29 viable cells compared with control and other treatment groups. In addition, this mentioned combination led to a considerable decrease in IC50 of DOX. Increased cell membrane lipid peroxidation and cell destruction processes in the combination therapy group were proven through significant elevation of MDA content and LDH activity in the medium, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggested that DOX combined with PDT had a better therapeutic impact on HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Hence, the simultaneous application of PDT along with antineoplastic drugs improves the chemosensitivity of cancerous cells via the disruption of their membrane and triggering death processes that lead to the decrease of chemotherapeutic agents required doses and undesirable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Zafari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Omidi Sarajar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Assar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Moshaii
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Jafarzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Javani Jouni
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Bozzuto G, Calcabrini A, Colone M, Condello M, Dupuis ML, Pellegrini E, Stringaro A. Phytocompounds and Nanoformulations for Anticancer Therapy: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:3784. [PMID: 39202863 PMCID: PMC11357218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease that affects millions of people and remains a major public health problem worldwide. Conventional cancer treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, have limited achievements and multiple drawbacks, among which are healthy tissue damage and multidrug-resistant phenotype onset. Increasing evidence shows that many plants' natural products, as well as their bioactive compounds, have promising anticancer activity and exhibit minimal toxicity compared to conventional anticancer drugs. However, their widespread use in cancer therapy is severely restricted by limitations in terms of their water solubility, absorption, lack of stability, bioavailability, and selective targeting. The use of nanoformulations for plants' natural product transportation and delivery could be helpful in overcoming these limitations, thus enhancing their therapeutic efficacy and providing the basis for improved anticancer treatment strategies. The present review is aimed at providing an update on some phytocompounds (curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and cannabinoids, among others) and their main nanoformulations showing antitumor activities, both in vitro and in vivo, against such different human cancer types as breast and colorectal cancer, lymphomas, malignant melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and osteosarcoma. The intracellular pathways underlying phytocompound anticancer activity and the main advantages of nanoformulation employment are also examined. Finally, this review critically analyzes the research gaps and limitations causing the limited success of phytocompounds' and nanoformulations' clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Bozzuto
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Annarica Calcabrini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Marisa Colone
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Condello
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Dupuis
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Evelin Pellegrini
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Annarita Stringaro
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.D.); (A.S.)
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3
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Soroush A, Shahhosseini R, Ghavamikia N, Hjazi A, Roudaki S, KhalatbariLimaki M, Mirbolouk M, Pakmehr S, Karimi P. Improvement of current immunotherapies with engineered oncolytic viruses that target cancer stem cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4055. [PMID: 38856033 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of the solid tumor microenvironment (TME) impairs the therapeutic efficacy of standard therapies and also reduces the infiltration of antitumor immune cells, all of which lead to tumor progression and invasion. In addition, self-renewing cancer stem cells (CSCs) support tumor dormancy, drug resistance, and recurrence, all of which might pose challenges to the eradication of malignant tumor masses with current therapies. Natural forms of oncolytic viruses (OVs) or engineered OVs are known for their potential to directly target and kill tumor cells or indirectly eradicate tumor cells by involving antitumor immune responses, including enhancement of infiltrating antitumor immune cells, induction of immunogenic cell death, and reprogramming of cold TME to an immune-sensitive hot state. More importantly, OVs can target stemness factors that promote tumor progression, which subsequently enhances the efficacy of immunotherapies targeting solid tumors, particularly the CSC subpopulation. Herein, we describe the role of CSCs in tumor heterogeneity and resistance and then highlight the potential and remaining challenges of immunotherapies targeting CSCs. We then review the potential of OVs to improve tumor immunogenicity and target CSCs and finally summarize the challenges within the therapeutic application of OVs in preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nima Ghavamikia
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin AbdulAziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahrzad Roudaki
- School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mahtab Mirbolouk
- School of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | | | - Parvin Karimi
- Fars Population-Based Cancer Registry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Obrador E, Moreno-Murciano P, Oriol-Caballo M, López-Blanch R, Pineda B, Gutiérrez-Arroyo JL, Loras A, Gonzalez-Bonet LG, Martinez-Cadenas C, Estrela JM, Marqués-Torrejón MÁ. Glioblastoma Therapy: Past, Present and Future. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2529. [PMID: 38473776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) stands out as the most prevalent and lethal form of brain cancer. Although great efforts have been made by clinicians and researchers, no significant improvement in survival has been achieved since the Stupp protocol became the standard of care (SOC) in 2005. Despite multimodality treatments, recurrence is almost universal with survival rates under 2 years after diagnosis. Here, we discuss the recent progress in our understanding of GB pathophysiology, in particular, the importance of glioma stem cells (GSCs), the tumor microenvironment conditions, and epigenetic mechanisms involved in GB growth, aggressiveness and recurrence. The discussion on therapeutic strategies first covers the SOC treatment and targeted therapies that have been shown to interfere with different signaling pathways (pRB/CDK4/RB1/P16ink4, TP53/MDM2/P14arf, PI3k/Akt-PTEN, RAS/RAF/MEK, PARP) involved in GB tumorigenesis, pathophysiology, and treatment resistance acquisition. Below, we analyze several immunotherapeutic approaches (i.e., checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, CAR-modified NK or T cells, oncolytic virotherapy) that have been used in an attempt to enhance the immune response against GB, and thereby avoid recidivism or increase survival of GB patients. Finally, we present treatment attempts made using nanotherapies (nanometric structures having active anti-GB agents such as antibodies, chemotherapeutic/anti-angiogenic drugs or sensitizers, radionuclides, and molecules that target GB cellular receptors or open the blood-brain barrier) and non-ionizing energies (laser interstitial thermal therapy, high/low intensity focused ultrasounds, photodynamic/sonodynamic therapies and electroporation). The aim of this review is to discuss the advances and limitations of the current therapies and to present novel approaches that are under development or following clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - María Oriol-Caballo
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael López-Blanch
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Pineda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alba Loras
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellon, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Luis G Gonzalez-Bonet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Castellon General University Hospital, 12004 Castellon, Spain
| | | | - José M Estrela
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
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Kursvietiene L, Kopustinskiene DM, Staneviciene I, Mongirdiene A, Kubová K, Masteikova R, Bernatoniene J. Anti-Cancer Properties of Resveratrol: A Focus on Its Impact on Mitochondrial Functions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2056. [PMID: 38136176 PMCID: PMC10740678 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most serious public health issues worldwide, demanding ongoing efforts to find novel therapeutic agents and approaches. Amid growing interest in the oncological applications of phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols, resveratrol-a naturally occurring polyphenolic stilbene derivative-has emerged as a candidate of interest. This review analyzes the pleiotropic anti-cancer effects of resveratrol, including its modulation of apoptotic pathways, cell cycle regulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, its interaction with cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment. The effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial functions, which are crucial to cancer development, are also discussed. Future research directions are identified, including the elucidation of specific molecular targets, to facilitate the clinical translation of resveratrol in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lolita Kursvietiene
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania (I.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Inga Staneviciene
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania (I.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ausra Mongirdiene
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania (I.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Kateřina Kubová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Ruta Masteikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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6
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Luís Â, Marcelino H, Domingues F, Pereira L, Cascalheira JF. Therapeutic Potential of Resveratrol for Glioma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Model Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16597. [PMID: 38068922 PMCID: PMC10706392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are aggressive malignant brain tumors, with poor prognosis despite available therapies, raising the necessity for finding new compounds with therapeutic action. Numerous preclinical investigations evaluating resveratrol's anti-tumor impact in animal models of glioma have been reported; however, the variety of experimental circumstances and results have prevented conclusive findings about resveratrol's effectiveness. Several databases were searched during May 2023, ten publications were identified, satisfying the inclusion criteria, that assess the effects of resveratrol in murine glioma-bearing xenografts. To determine the efficacy of resveratrol, tumor volume and animal counts were retrieved, and the data were then subjected to a random effects meta-analysis. The influence of different experimental conditions and publication bias on resveratrol efficacy were evaluated. Comparing treated to untreated groups, resveratrol administration decreased the tumor volume. Overall, the effect's weighted standardized difference in means was -2.046 (95%CI: -3.156 to -0.936; p-value < 0.001). The efficacy of the treatment was observed for animals inoculated with both human glioblastoma or rat glioma cells and for different modes of resveratrol administration. The combined administration of resveratrol and temozolomide was more effective than temozolomide alone. Reducing publication bias did not change the effectiveness of resveratrol treatment. The findings suggest that resveratrol slows the development of tumors in animal glioma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângelo Luís
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (H.M.); (F.D.); (J.F.C.)
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- Grupo de Revisões Sistemáticas (GRUBI), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal;
| | - Helena Marcelino
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (H.M.); (F.D.); (J.F.C.)
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Domingues
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (H.M.); (F.D.); (J.F.C.)
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pereira
- Grupo de Revisões Sistemáticas (GRUBI), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal;
- Departamento de Matemática, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- Centro de Matemática e Aplicações (CMA-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José Francisco Cascalheira
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (H.M.); (F.D.); (J.F.C.)
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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