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El Moussaoui S, Fernández-Campos F, Alonso C, Limón D, Halbaut L, Garduño-Ramirez ML, Calpena AC, Mallandrich M. Topical Mucoadhesive Alginate-Based Hydrogel Loading Ketorolac for Pain Management after Pharmacotherapy, Ablation, or Surgical Removal in Condyloma Acuminata. Gels 2021; 7:8. [PMID: 33498627 PMCID: PMC7838868 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Condyloma acuminata is an infectious disease caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV) and one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. It is manifested as warts that frequently cause pain, pruritus, burning, and occasional bleeding. Treatment (physical, chemical, or surgical) can result in erosion, scars, or ulcers, implying inflammatory processes causing pain. In this work, a biocompatible topical hydrogel containing 2% ketorolac tromethamine was developed to manage the painful inflammatory processes occurring upon the removal of anogenital condylomas. The hydrogel was physically, mechanically, and morphologically characterized: it showed adequate characteristics for a topical formulation. Up to 73% of ketorolac in the gel can be released following a one-phase exponential model. Upon application on human skin and vaginal mucosa, ketorolac can permeate through both of these and it can be retained within both tissues, particularly on vaginal mucosa. Another advantage is that no systemic side effects should be expected after application of the gel. The hydrogel showed itself to be well tolerated in vivo when applied on humans, and it did not cause any visible irritation. Finally, ketorolac hydrogel showed 53% anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that it is a stable and suitable formulation for the treatment of inflammatory processes, such as those occurring upon chemical or surgical removal of anogenital warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima El Moussaoui
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.E.M.); (L.H.); (A.C.C.)
| | | | - Cristina Alonso
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia-CSIC (IQAC-CSIC), 18-26 Jordi Girona St, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - David Limón
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lyda Halbaut
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.E.M.); (L.H.); (A.C.C.)
| | - Maria Luisa Garduño-Ramirez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado, de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Ana Cristina Calpena
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.E.M.); (L.H.); (A.C.C.)
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Mallandrich
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.E.M.); (L.H.); (A.C.C.)
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Redzic N, Benoy I, Vanden Broeck D, Bogers J. Efficacy of AV2-Salicylic acid combination therapy for cutaneous warts: Study protocol for a single-center randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 17:100534. [PMID: 32211559 PMCID: PMC7083756 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous warts comprise an extremely common condition caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Although most verrucae will disappear spontaneously, many patients do seek treatment. Current wart treatments do not target the cause of the lesion directly, resulting in variable treatment efficacies and high wart recurrence rates. AV2 is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug, that is capable of deactivating HPV. It is however not able to destruct the already infected cells, which raises the need for an additional ablative treatment i.e. salicylic acid (SA). Implementation of AV2-Salicylic acid (AV2-SA) combination therapy would ensure permanent lesion clearance by on the one hand inactivation of HPV by AV2, and on the other hand elimination of the lesion by SA treatment. The primary aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of AV2-SA treatment versus standard SA treatment, by comparing cure and recurrence rates of cutaneous warts between the two treatment groups (at 12 weeks and six months after randomization). The second aim is to assess the safety and tolerability of AV2-SA therapy. The third aim is to identify subgroups of cutaneous warts that have favorable response to treatment, by comparing cure rates in an HPV genotype-specific manner. This randomized controlled trial will enroll 260 participants with cutaneous warts who will either receive the AV2-SA combination therapy or SA control treatment. Real time monitoring will be possible by daily photographs sent via WhatsApp™ (a messaging application) as well as online follow-up questionnaires administered on several occasions. HPV genotyping will be performed on swab self-samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Redzic
- AMBIOR, Laboratory for Cell Biology & Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, AML, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ina Benoy
- AMBIOR, Laboratory for Cell Biology & Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, AML, Antwerp, Belgium
- National Reference Centre for HPV, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Davy Vanden Broeck
- AMBIOR, Laboratory for Cell Biology & Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, AML, Antwerp, Belgium
- National Reference Centre for HPV, Brussels, Belgium
- International Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johannes.P. Bogers
- AMBIOR, Laboratory for Cell Biology & Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, AML, Antwerp, Belgium
- National Reference Centre for HPV, Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Vacuna triple vírica como tratamiento de verruga subungueal recalcitrante. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2017; 108:966-968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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4
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Morales-Raya C, Maroñas-Jiménez L, Aragón-Miguel R, Postigo-Llorente C. Mumps, Measles, and Rubella Vaccine for the Treatment of a Recalcitrant Subungual Wart. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Gerlero P, Hernández-Martín Á. Treatment of Warts in Children: An Update. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2016; 107:551-8. [PMID: 27241712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Warts are among the most common skin infections in children. Although numerous treatment options are available, none are completely effective in a single session. Treatment is particularly complicated in children, not only because certain treatments are poorly tolerated, but also because parents frequently have unrealistic expectations. In this article, we offer an update on the treatments available for warts, focusing specifically on pediatric patients. We do not discuss treatments for oral and anogenital warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gerlero
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional de Clínicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Á Hernández-Martín
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Infantil del Niño Jesús, Madrid, España.
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Padilla España L, Mota-Burgos A, Martinez-Amo JL, Benavente-Ortiz F, Rodríguez-Bujaldón A, Hernández-Montoya C. Recalcitrant molluscum contagiosum successfully treated with sinecatechins. Dermatol Ther 2016; 29:217-8. [PMID: 26809498 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Mota-Burgos
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, Almeria, Spain
| | - J L Martinez-Amo
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, Almeria, Spain
| | - F Benavente-Ortiz
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, Almeria, Spain
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Amirnia M, Khodaeiani E, Fouladi DF, Masoudnia S. Intralesional immunotherapy with tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) in recalcitrant wart: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial including an extra group of candidates for cryotherapy. J DERMATOL TREAT 2015; 27:173-8. [DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2015.1078871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Gemigniani F, Hernández-Losa J, Ferrer B, García-Patos V. Focal epithelial hyperplasia by human papillomavirus (HPV)-32 misdiagnosed as HPV-16 and treated with combination of retinoids, imiquimod and quadrivalent HPV vaccine. J Dermatol 2015; 42:1172-5. [PMID: 26047065 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH) or Heck's disease is a rare, benign and asymptomatic mucosal proliferation associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, mainly with genotypes 13 and 32. We report a florid case of FEH in an 11-year-old Haitian girl with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Cryotherapy was previously performed on numerous occasions with no results. We decided to prescribe a non-invasive and more comfortable treatment. A combination of topical retinoid and imiquimod cream was well tolerated and led to an important improvement. The evidence of infection by HPV-16 detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, prompted us to prescribe the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (types 6, 11,16 and 18). Subsequent PCR sequencing with generic primers GP5-GP6 and further BLAST comparative analysis confirmed that genomic viral sequence in our case truly corresponded with HPV-32. This molecular misdiagnosis can be explained by the similarity between genomic sequences of both HPV-16 and -32 genotypes. At the 1-year follow up, we observed total clinical improvement and no recurrences of the disease. Complete healing in this case may correspond to a potential action of topical retinoid, imiquimod and the cross-protection mechanism of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Gemigniani
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Losa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Ferrer
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente García-Patos
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Kollipara R, Ekhlassi E, Downing C, Guidry J, Lee M, Tyring SK. Advancements in Pharmacotherapy for Noncancerous Manifestations of HPV. J Clin Med 2015; 4:832-46. [PMID: 26239450 PMCID: PMC4470201 DOI: 10.3390/jcm4050832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease. Via infection of the basal epithelial cells, HPV causes numerous malignancies and noncancerous cutaneous manifestations. Noncancerous cutaneous manifestations of HPV, including common, plantar, plane, and anogenital warts, are among the most common reasons for an office visit. Although there are various therapies available, they are notoriously difficult to treat. HPV treatments can be grouped into destructive (cantharidin, salicylic acid), virucidal (cidofovir, interferon-α), antimitotic (bleomycin, podophyllotoxin, 5-fluorouracil), immunotherapy (Candida antigen, contact allergen immunotherapy, imiquimod) or miscellaneous (trichloroacetic acid, polyphenon E). The mechanism of action, recent efficacy data, safety profile and recommended regimen for each of these treatment modalities is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erfon Ekhlassi
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA.
| | | | | | - Michael Lee
- Center for Clinical Studies, Houston 77004, TX, USA.
| | - Stephen K Tyring
- Center for Clinical Studies, Houston 77004, TX, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA.
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Alcántara González J, Pérez Carmona L, Ruano del Salado M, Calzado Villarreal L. Verrugas extragenitales tratadas con sinecatequinas en pomada. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2015; 106:139-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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12
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Alcántara González J, Pérez Carmona L, Ruano del Salado M, Calzado Villarreal L. Extragenital Warts Treated With Sinecatechins Ointment. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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13
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Ghadami Yazdi E, Minaei MB, Hashem Dabaghian F, Ebrahim Zadeh Ardakani M, Ranjbar AM, Rastegari M, Ghadami Yazdi A. Efficacy of Myrtus communis L. and Descurainia sophia L. Versus Salicylic Acid for Wart Treatment. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 16:e16386. [PMID: 25558385 PMCID: PMC4270664 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Wart is a skin disease with circular appendages, which is called “suloul” in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM). According to ITM literature, warts have different types and causes. The most important mechanism is excretion of materials (Khelt) from body to skin and mucus; its causative material is often phlegm, black bile or a combination of them. To treat warts, it is necessary to consider the patient’s life style, modify his dietary intake and moisturize his temperament. Objectives: This study aimed to compare Myrtus communis L. and Descurainia sophia L. as a method of ITM, versus salicylic acid in treatment of wart. Patients and Methods: In this study, conducted in Yazd, Iran, 100 patients were selected and randomly divided into four groups. Group 1) salicylic acid, group 2) salicylic acid and D. sophia L. group 3) M. communis L. group 4) M. communis L. and D. sophia L. Numbers, sizes of lesions and symptoms, on days 0, 20, 40 and 90 were examined and analyzed. The relapse rate was investigated three months after. Changes of sizes and numbers of warts in each period of time in each group, compared to baseline, were assessed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. To compare these changes between the groups, Kruskal Wallis test was used. Results: In this study 100 patients participated, 69% of which were female. Compared to baseline, mean ± SD of changes for the number of warts in day 40 were 1.12 ± 4.2, 0.96 ± 2.5, 1.32 ± 5.1 and 0.04 ± 0.2 respectively in the four groups (P = 0.02). Mean ± SD of changes for the number of warts in day 90 were 1.84 ± 4.5, 1.56 ± 2.8, 1.24 ± 5.1 and 0.04 ± 0.6 respectively in the four groups (P = 0.03). In addition mean ± SD of changes for the size of warts in day 40 were 0.96 ± 1.8, 1.03 ± 2.4, 2.47 ± 3.0 and 0.45 ± 1.7 respectively in the four groups (P < 0.001). Mean ± SD of changes for the size of warts in day 90 were 1.24 ± 2.1, 1.3 ± 2.3, 2.45 ± 3.1 and 0.45 ± 1.7 respectively in the four groups (P < 0.001). Relapse was not seen in any groups after three months. The frequency of side effects was similar after three months. Conclusions: M. communis L. can be used as a topical treatment for warts. It not only shows more rapid response than salicylic acid, but also has fewer side effects. It seems that D. sophia L. can modify the digestion process and patients can excrete large amounts of the substance that causes warts. Therefore, it is better to use it more than 40 days. According to our investigation, in ITM, considering the cause and mechanism of disease generation and the causing materials of the disease, different treatments should be applied for each patient. Although applying an appropriate treatment is necessary, a unique treatment for all the patients cannot be available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghadami Yazdi
- Research Deputy of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Elham Ghadami Yazdi, Research Deputy of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9133583671, Fax: +98-3516268481, E-mail:
| | - Mohamad Bagher Minaei
- Research Deputy of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Fataneh Hashem Dabaghian
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Ali Mohammad Ranjbar
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Ali Ghadami Yazdi
- Department of Anesthesiology,Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran
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