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Hodder RK, Freund M, Bowman J, Wolfenden L, Gillham K, Dray J, Wiggers J. Association between adolescent tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use and individual and environmental resilience protective factors. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012688. [PMID: 27888175 PMCID: PMC5168489 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research suggests that individual and environmental resilience protective factors may be associated with adolescent substance use; however, the associations between a broad range of such factors and use of various types of substances have not been examined. The study aimed to determine the association between a comprehensive range of adolescent individual and environmental resilience protective factors and measures of tobacco, alcohol and illicit substance use. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING 32 Australian secondary schools. PARTICIPANTS Grade 7-10 students (aged 11-17 years). MEASURES Data regarding 14 student individual and environmental resilience protective factors and seven substance use measures (tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, other illicit drug use) were obtained via an online self-report survey. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyses examined the association between all student resilience protective factors and seven substance use measures. RESULTS Inverse univariate associations were found for 94 of 98 relationships examined (n=10 092). Multivariate analyses found: consistent inverse associations between 2 of 14 protective factors and all substance use measures ('goals and aspirations', 'prosocial peers'); inverse associations between 4 protective factors with multiple substance use measures ('home support' (5 of 7), 'school support' (3 of 7), 'self-awareness' (2 of 7), 'community meaningful participation' (2 of 7)); positive associations between 2 resilience protective factors with multiple measures of substance use ('community support' (3 of 7), 'peer caring relationships' (5 of 7)) and 6 protective factors not to be associated with any substance use measure. CONCLUSIONS Despite individual relationships between the majority of resilience protective factors and substance use types, the protective benefit of such factors for adolescent substance use was limited to only a small number of such factors when considered collectively. Such results suggest that interventions seeking to reduce adolescent substance use may need to target specific protective factors to address specific types of substance use. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12611000606987, Results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kate Hodder
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan Freund
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jenny Bowman
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Gillham
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julia Dray
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Wiggers
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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Park S, Kim Y. Prevalence, correlates, and associated psychological problems of substance use in Korean adolescents. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:79. [PMID: 26818029 PMCID: PMC4728773 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2731-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Substance use among Korean adolescents has been increasing, but little is known about the correlates of substance use in this population. Identification of the correlates is required for development of preventive approaches that aim to reduce or eliminate risk. Therefore, we examined the prevalence and correlates of substance use including psychological problems in a nationwide sample of Korean adolescents. Methods Data from the 2014 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, collected from 72,060 adolescents aged 12–18 years (mean age 14.94 ± 1.75 years), were analyzed. Participants’ lifetime experiences with substances (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs) were assessed. Participants’ perceived stress, depressive mood, and suicidality during the previous 12 months were also investigated. Results The lifetime prevalence estimates of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use were 43.0, 19.9, and 0.4 % of the participants, respectively. The most commonly used illicit drugs were inhalants. Older age, male gender, non-residence with family, low parental educational level and socio-economic status, and low academic achievement were positively and significantly associated with substance use. Substance (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug) use was positively and significantly associated with severe stress, depressive mood, and suicidality during the previous 12 months, with the highest odds ratios obtained from illicit drug use. Conclusions These results indicate that the use of substances (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs) among Korean adolescents is associated with socially disadvantaged families, psychological problems, and risky behavior. Health education including dependency prevention programs is needed for these high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Park
- Department of Mental Health Research, Seoul National Hospital, 398, Neungdong-ro, Gwangin-gu, Seoul, 143-711, South Korea.
| | - Yeni Kim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, 398, Neungdong-ro, Gwangin-gu, Seoul, 143-711, South Korea
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Lopes GM, Nóbrega BA, Del Prette G, Scivoletto S. Use of psychoactive substances by adolescents: current panorama. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2014; 35 Suppl 1:S51-61. [PMID: 24142128 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-s105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of vulnerability to substance use disorders (SUDs). Epidemiological studies indicate that about 23% of Brazilian adolescents use drugs, with alcohol being the most widely consumed substance. The etiology of SUDs is complex, influenced by an interaction of genetic risk, individual development, environmental factors, context of use, and substance used. Clinicians should consider diagnostic criteria and be aware of behavioral changes that may indicate drug use and its consequences in various aspects of adolescent life. Identification and treatment of comorbid conditions is critical to the management of SUDs in this age group. Interventions should restrict access to drugs and facilitate prompt recognition of initial use, preventing progression to serious patterns of abuse or dependence. Intervention should be broad, including academic and occupational activities as well as social relationships and leisure, which are critical to the reestablishment of normal adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M Lopes
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São PauloSP, Brazil
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Gill DK, Davis MC, Smith AJ, Straker LM. Bidirectional relationships between cigarette use and spinal pain in adolescents accounting for psychosocial functioning. Br J Health Psychol 2013; 19:113-31. [DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Davinder K. Gill
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Melissa C. Davis
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Anne J. Smith
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
- School of Physiotherapy; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Leon M. Straker
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
- School of Physiotherapy; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
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