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Gao L, Zhao W, Caselli G, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Chen H. Weak and interfered self-control fails to block problematic mobile phone use: The role of craving and desire thinking. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 179:191-198. [PMID: 39312852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) has become a worldwide phenomenon with negative impacts on adolescents' daily lives. While self-control has been shown to be related to PMPU, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this association. Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model and the strength model of self-control, the current study aims to examine the association between self-control and PMPU, to identify the indirect role of craving, and to determine whether and how the two components of desire thinking exert differential moderating effects. A sample of 1424 adolescents was recruited to complete the scales of self-control, craving, desire thinking, and PMPU. The results suggested that self-control was indirectly associated with PMPU through craving. Furthermore, this indirect association was moderated by verbal perseveration, rather than imaginal prefiguration. Specifically, the indirect association was stronger for adolescents with higher verbal perseveration. The findings deepen our understanding of how self-control is related to PMPU and distinguish the effects of two components of desire thinking among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Gao
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wan Zhao
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gabriele Caselli
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK; Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haide Chen
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
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Albery IP, Noriega MR, Frings D. Related metacognitions, desire thinking and identity differentially predict compulsion and withdrawal symptoms in problematic Instagram use. Addict Behav 2024; 156:108043. [PMID: 38718739 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Work has identified that metacognitive thought results in desire-based thinking and perpetuates the magnitude and severity of maladaptive behaviour including problematic social media use, and also that one's ingroup identity is related to increasing problematic behaviour. No evidence has ascertained the relative contribution of these as related differential factors in the experience of problematic social media use. The current study explored the comparative importance of components of desire thinking, positive and negative metacognitions and dimensions of ingroup identity on degree of problematic use among 147 current Instagram users. Results showed that for predicting general problematic Instagram use negative metacognitive beliefs and the verbal perseverance component of desire-based thinking were significant. Importantly, however, different factors appeared to be important for predicting distinct aspects of problematic Instagram. For compulsivity indicators, negative metacognitions and verbal perseveration were essential, whereas for the withdrawal component identity centrality (and no other dimensions of identity) and imaginal prefiguration emerge as the sole independent predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian P Albery
- Division of Psychology, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Daniel Frings
- Division of Psychology, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
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Chen JH, Spada MM, Ling H, Tong KK, Wu AMS. Desire Thinking About Gambling: Assessment and Associations With Gambling Disorder and Responsible Gambling Among Chinese Gamblers. J Gambl Stud 2024; 40:1423-1438. [PMID: 38758351 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Desire thinking, within the metacognitive model of addictive behaviors, is conceptualized as a transdiagnostic process linked to the escalation and maintenance of craving for various addictive disorders; however, its application to the understanding of gambling and the Chinese community remains at an early stage. The present study aimed to introduce desire thinking into gambling research in the Chinese context by: (1) testing the applicability of its two-factor conceptualization and assessment tool, the Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ), and (2) exploring its association with dysregulated and regulated engagements in gambling (i.e., Gambling Disorder [GD] and responsible gambling [RG], respectively). We conducted a telephone survey in Macao, China, and obtained a probability sample of 837 Chinese adult past-year gamblers (48.5% men; age: M = 41.11, SD = 14.31) with a two-stage cluster random sampling method. Our data indicated the psychometric adequacy of the two-factor DTQ (i.e., verbal perseveration and imaginal prefiguration) for measuring Chinese gamblers' desire thinking about gambling. After controlling for craving and demographics, desire thinking contributed to an additional 12.1% and 18.9% variance explained in GD tendency and RG behaviors, respectively. This study provides the first empirical evidence of the utility of desire thinking and the DTQ in facilitating gambling research on Chinese gamblers. Our findings also suggest the value of incorporating desire thinking in detecting and treating GD and in promoting RG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haofeng Ling
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Kwok Kit Tong
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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Gao L, Wang X, Caselli G, Li W, Liu Q, Chu X, Chen H. Psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the desire thinking questionnaire in adolescent mobile phone users. Addict Behav 2023; 142:107651. [PMID: 36870257 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desire thinking is a conscious and voluntary cognitive process that is closely linked to levels of craving and addictive behaviors. The Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ) can be used to measure desire thinking in all age groups as well as in addicts. This measurement has also been translated into several languages. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the DTQ (DTQ-C) among adolescent mobile phone users. METHODS One thousand and ninety-seven adolescents who own a mobile phone and are younger than 18 years old completed the DTQ-C and a battery of questionnaires assessing the big five personality traits, negative affect, brooding, self-control, craving, and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU). The psychometric analyses of the DTQ-C were conducted, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability, and validity analysis. RESULTS The EFA revealed a 10-item two-factor structure (i.e., verbal perseveration and imaginal prefiguration) that was confirmed by the CFA. The results of CFA showed fit indexes of χ2/df = 4.83, CFI = 0.967, TLI = 0.954, RMSEA = 0.059, SRMR = 0.032. The total scale had internal consistency reliabilities of 0.93, which demonstrated that DTQ-C presented good reliability. The two dimensions were correlated with PMPU (rverbal perseveration = 0.54; rimaginal prefiguration = 0.45), neuroticism (rverbal perseveration = 0.18; rimaginal prefiguration = 0.14), conscientiousness (rverbal perseveration = -0.19; rimaginal prefiguration = -0.18), depression (rverbal perseveration = 0.22; rimaginal prefiguration = 0.16), anxiety (rverbal perseveration = 0.26; rimaginal prefiguration = 0.22), stress (rverbal perseveration = 0.15; rimaginal prefiguration = 0.10) and self-control (rverbal perseveration = -0.29; rimaginal prefiguration = -0.26), which demonstrated that DTQ-C presented good concurrent validity. The two factors of DTQ-C correlated weakly with brooding (ranging from 0.08 to 0.10). The principal component factor analysis of the two dimensions of desire thinking and craving showed that craving and desire thinking belonged to different dimensions. Both of which showed good divergent validity of desire thinking. Additionally, an examination of incremental validity revealed that two factors were both positively associated with PMPU beyond demographic characteristics, big five personality traits, negative affect, and self-control (Bverbal perseveration = 0.49 and Bimaginal prefiguration = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS It has been found that the 10-item DTQ-C is a reliable and valid measure of desire thinking in Chinese adolescent mobile phone users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gabriele Caselli
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK; Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy
| | - Weijian Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingqi Liu
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Chu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haide Chen
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China; School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
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Mustoo Başer L, Poyraz Çökmüş F, Tvrtković S, Obuća F, Ünal-Aydın P, Aydın O, Spada MM. The role of desire thinking in the problematic use of social networking sites among adults. Addict Behav Rep 2022; 16:100463. [PMID: 36238695 PMCID: PMC9552017 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The problematic use of social networking sites (SNS) is associated with several psychiatric disorders. This behavior closely resembles addiction in terms of neurological basis and behavioral patterns. Nevertheless, successful intervention strategies and the etiology of problematic SNS use are not yet thoroughly investigated. We aimed to study whether desire thinking is associated with problematic SNS use among adults when controlling for some confounders, including boredom, affect, and impulsivity. With the help of convenience sampling, we enrolled 546 Turkish adults in this study to whom we administered a sociodemographic form, the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS), the Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and the Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ). To explore the association between the variables, we performed Pearson correlational and hierarchical regression analyses. The results showed that higher scores on two sub-dimensions of desire thinking, namely verbal perseveration and imaginal prefiguration, were associated with higher scores on problematic SNS use after we controlled for boredom, affect, and impulsivity. This study demonstrates that desire thinking may play a role in problematic SNS use among adults. We recommend targeting desire thinking as a potential area in treatments which may help alleviate problematic SNS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejla Mustoo Başer
- International University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Fikret Poyraz Çökmüş
- Izmir Tınaztepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Selma Tvrtković
- International University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Faruk Obuća
- International University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Pınar Ünal-Aydın
- International University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Orkun Aydın
- International University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Corresponding author.
| | - Marcantonio M. Spada
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
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Aydın O, Ünal-Aydın P, Caselli G, Kolubinski D, Marino C, Spada M. Psychometric validation of the desire thinking questionnaire in a Turkish adolescent sample: Associations with internet gaming disorder. Addict Behav 2022; 125:107129. [PMID: 34649063 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desire thinking is a conscious and voluntary cognitive process that consists of perseverative focus on information, memories, and prefiguration of images related to a desired target. The Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ) is acknowledged as a reliable and valid tool to measure desire thinking in both adults and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the DTQ in Turkish adolescent sample. METHODS A convenience sample of 200 adolescents completed the Turkish version of the DTQ (DTQ-T) and an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed. Subsequently, a convenience sample of 701 adolescents completed the DTQ-T and a battery of questionnaires assessing personality traits, affect, boredom, impulsivity, and Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed on the DTQ-T and validity was determined by examining correlations with other measures. RESULTS A 9-item two-factor structure was observed in the EFA. An 8-item two-factor structure was established in the CFA. Results demonstrated that the DTQ-T yields adequate levels of reliability and concurrent validity. Additionally, an examination of incremental validity showed that DTQ-T significantly predicted IGD when controlling for personality traits, affect, boredom, and impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS The 8-item DTQ-T was found to be a reliable and valid measure of desire thinking among Turkish adolescents. Desire thinking may be a feasible target for mental health workers to alleviate the symptoms of IGD.
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Khosravani V, M.Spada M, Sharifi Bastan F, Samimi Ardestani SM. The desire thinking questionnaire-Persian version (DTQ-P) and its association with addictive behaviors in individuals with alcohol use disorder, nicotine dependence, and problematic social media use. Addict Behav 2022; 125:107144. [PMID: 34688122 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Desire thinking is an emerging construct which has been shown to play a role in addictive behaviors. The present study sought to validate a translated Persian version of the Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ) in three groups of individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD; n = 300), nicotine dependence (n = 300), and problematic social media use (n = 300). All three groups completed the translated Persian version of the DTQ, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-15 (BIS-15), the White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI), and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Measures of alcohol use, nicotine dependence and problematic social media use were also collected. The results confirmed a two-factor structure of the Persian version of the DTQ with good reliability and validity in all three groups. Furthermore, both the verbal perseveration and imaginal prefiguration components of the Persian version of the DTQ were found to predict addictive behaviors beyond demographic and clinical characteristics, negative affect, impulsiveness, and thought suppression. The study confirms the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the DTQ and the role of desire thinking as an independent predictor of AUD, nicotine dependence, and the problematic use of social media.
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Brandtner A, Antons S, Cornil A, Brand M. Integrating Desire Thinking into the I-PACE Model: a Special Focus on Internet-Use Disorders. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
This manuscript aims to propose an integration of desire thinking into the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model based on theoretical considerations within the Elaborated Intrusion Theory of Desire and Self-Regulatory Execution Function model and empirical evidence from the field of internet-use disorders.
Recent Findings
Theory and research on desire thinking in the context of internet-use disorders suggest considerable relations to craving, metacognitive beliefs, and emphasizes its nature when initiated as a reaction towards unpleasant triggers. Accordingly, we postulate that desire thinking may be located at the position for affective and cognitive reactions towards triggers within the I-PACE model.
Summary
The suggested integration of desire thinking into the I-PACE model specifically implies the assumption of a relief-oriented and pleasure-oriented entry pathway into desire thinking and a feedback loop between desire thinking and the experience of gratification and compensation. The model pathways proposed here may serve as a theoretical basis for future research and need further empirical verification.
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Solem S, Pedersen H, Nesse F, Garvik Janssen A, Ottesen Kennair LE, Hagen R, Havnen A, Hjemdal O, Caselli G, Spada MM. Validity of a Norwegian version of the Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ): Associations with problem drinking, nicotine dependence and problematic social media use. Clin Psychol Psychother 2020; 28:615-622. [PMID: 33090540 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to test the validity of the Norwegian version of the Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ). Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted investigating the psychometric properties of the DTQ in alcohol use (N = 588), nicotine use (N = 446) and social media use (N = 359). Principal components and confirmatory factor analyses supported the original two-factor solution consisting of verbal perseveration (VP) and imaginal prefiguration (IP); however, one item was removed to obtain good fit. Internal consistency was acceptable. Both IP and VP showed significant correlations with problem drinking, nicotine dependence and problematic social media use. Regression analyses, controlling for demographics and negative affect, found IP and VP to be significantly associated with all dependent variables. The results confirm that desire thinking is an important construct across different addictive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stian Solem
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Pedersen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frikk Nesse
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Garvik Janssen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Roger Hagen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Audun Havnen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gabriele Caselli
- Studi Cognitivi, Cognitive Psychotherapy School and Research Center, Milano, Italy
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