1
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Rozaini AZA, Abdulhameed A, Deivasigamani R, Nadzreen N, Zin NM, Kayani AA, Buyong MR. Dielectrophoresis microbial characterization and isolation of Staphylococcus aureus based on optimum crossover frequency. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1220-1233. [PMID: 37259263 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a significant concern that persists for the rapid classification and analysis of the bacteria. A technology that utilizes the manipulation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is key to solving the significant threat of these pathogenic bacteria by rapid characterization profile. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) can differentiate between antibiotic-resistant and susceptible bacteria based on their physical structure and polarization properties. In this work, the DEP response of two Gram-positive bacteria, namely, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), was investigated and simulated. The DEP characterization was experimentally observed on the bacteria influenced by oxacillin and vancomycin antibiotics. MSSA control without antibiotics has crossover frequencies (f x 0 ${f_{x0}}$ ) from 6 to 8 MHz, whereas MRSA control is from 2 to 3 MHz. Thef x 0 ${f_{x0}}$ changed when bacteria were exposed to the antibiotic. As for MSSA, thef x 0 ${f_{x0}}$ decreased to 3.35 MHz compared tof x 0 ${f_{x0}}$ MSSA control without antibiotics, MRSA,f x 0 ${f_{x0}}$ increased to 7 MHz when compared to MRSA control. The changes in the DEP response of MSSA and MRSA with and without antibiotics were theoretically proven using MyDEP and COMSOL simulation and experimentally based on the modification to the bacteria cell walls. Thus, the DEP response can be employed as a label-free detectable method to sense and differentiate between resistant and susceptible strains with different antibiotic profiles. The developed method can be implemented on a single platform to analyze and identify bacteria for rapid, scalable, and accurate characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Zulkarnain Ahmad Rozaini
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Abdulhameed
- Center for Communication Systems and Sensing, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Revathy Deivasigamani
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurulhuda Nadzreen
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noraziah Mohamad Zin
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amin Ahmad Kayani
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Connected Sensors for Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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2
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Ferguson C, Zhang Y, Palego C, Cheng X. Recent Approaches to Design and Analysis of Electrical Impedance Systems for Single Cells Using Machine Learning. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5990. [PMID: 37447838 DOI: 10.3390/s23135990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Individual cells have many unique properties that can be quantified to develop a holistic understanding of a population. This can include understanding population characteristics, identifying subpopulations, or elucidating outlier characteristics that may be indicators of disease. Electrical impedance measurements are rapid and label-free for the monitoring of single cells and generate large datasets of many cells at single or multiple frequencies. To increase the accuracy and sensitivity of measurements and define the relationships between impedance and biological features, many electrical measurement systems have incorporated machine learning (ML) paradigms for control and analysis. Considering the difficulty capturing complex relationships using traditional modelling and statistical methods due to population heterogeneity, ML offers an exciting approach to the systemic collection and analysis of electrical properties in a data-driven way. In this work, we discuss incorporation of ML to improve the field of electrical single cell analysis by addressing the design challenges to manipulate single cells and sophisticated analysis of electrical properties that distinguish cellular changes. Looking forward, we emphasize the opportunity to build on integrated systems to address common challenges in data quality and generalizability to save time and resources at every step in electrical measurement of single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ferguson
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Cristiano Palego
- Department of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK
| | - Xuanhong Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
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3
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Simulation and experimental validation of the interplay between dielectrophoretic and electroosmotic behavior of conductive and insulator particles for nanofabrication and lab-on-chip applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4
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Abdulhameed A, Halim MM, Halin IA. Dielectrophoretic alignment of carbon nanotubes: theory, applications, and future. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:242001. [PMID: 36921341 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acc46c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nominated to be the successor of several semiconductors and metals due to their unique physical and chemical properties. It has been concerning that the anisotropic and low controllability of CNTs impedes their adoption in commercial applications. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is known as the electrokinetics motion of polarizable nanoparticles under the influence of nonuniform electric fields. The uniqueness of this phenomenon allows DEP to be employed as a novel method to align, assemble, separate, and manipulate CNTs suspended in liquid mediums. This article begins with a brief overview of CNT structure and production, with the emphasize on their electrical properties and response to electric fields. The DEP phenomenon as a CNT alignment method is demonstrated and graphically discussed, along with its theory, procedure, and parameters. We also discussed the side forces that arise in DEP systems and how they negatively or positively affect the CNT alignment. The article concludes with a brief review of CNT-based devices fabricated using DEP, as well as the method's limitations and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Mahadi Halim
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
| | - Izhal Abdul Halin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
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5
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Deivasigamani R, Mohd Maidin NN, Abdul Nasir NS, Abdulhameed A, Ahmad Kayani AB, Mohamed MA, Buyong MR. A correlation of conductivity medium and bioparticle viability on dielectrophoresis-based biomedical applications. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:573-620. [PMID: 36604943 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) bioparticle research has progressed from micro to nano levels. It has proven to be a promising and powerful cell manipulation method with an accurate, quick, inexpensive, and label-free technique for therapeutic purposes. DEP, an electrokinetic phenomenon, induces particle movement as a result of polarization effects in a nonuniform electrical field. This review focuses on current research in the biomedical field that demonstrates a practical approach to DEP in terms of cell separation, trapping, discrimination, and enrichment under the influence of the conductive medium in correlation with bioparticle viability. The current review aims to provide readers with an in-depth knowledge of the fundamental theory and principles of the DEP technique, which is influenced by conductive medium and to identify and demonstrate the biomedical application areas. The high conductivity of physiological fluids presents obstacles and opportunities, followed by bioparticle viability in an electric field elaborated in detail. Finally, the drawbacks of DEP-based systems and the outlook for the future are addressed. This article will aid in advancing technology by bridging the gap between bioscience and engineering. We hope the insights presented in this review will improve cell suspension medium and promote DEP-viable bioparticle manipulation for health-care diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Deivasigamani
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nasyifa Mohd Maidin
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Shahira Abdul Nasir
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Aminuddin Bin Ahmad Kayani
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.,ARC Research Hub for Connected Sensors for Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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6
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Impact of buffer composition on biochemical, morphological and mechanical parameters: A tare before dielectrophoretic cell separation and isolation. Transl Oncol 2022; 28:101599. [PMID: 36516639 PMCID: PMC9764254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) represents an electrokinetic approach for discriminating and separating suspended cells based on their intrinsic dielectric characteristics without the need for labeling procedure. A good practice, beyond the physical and engineering components, is the selection of a buffer that does not hinder cellular and biochemical parameters as well as cell recovery. In the present work the impact of four buffers on biochemical, morphological, and mechanical parameters was evaluated in two different cancer cell lines (Caco-2 and K562). Specifically, MTT ([3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]) assay along with flow cytometry analysis were used to evaluate the occurring changes in terms of cell viability, morphology, and granulocyte stress formation, all factors directly influencing DEP sorting capability. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was instead employed to evaluate the gene expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), two well-known markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, respectively. An additional marker representing an index of cellular metabolic status, i.e. the expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene, was also evaluated. Among the four buffers considered, two resulted satisfactory in terms of cell viability and growth recovery (24 h), with no significant changes in cell morphology for up to 1 h in suspension. Of note, gene expression analysis showed that in both cell lines the apparently non-cytotoxic buffers significantly modulated IL-6, iNOS, and GAPDH markers, underlining the importance to deeply investigate the molecular and biochemical changes occurring during the analysis, even at apparently non-toxic conditions. The selection of a useful buffer for the separation and analysis of cells without labeling procedures, preserving cell status, represents a key factor for DEP analysis, giving the opportunity to further use cells for additional analysis.
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7
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Deivasigamani R, Maidin NNM, Nasir NSA, Low MX, Kayani ABA, Mohamed MA, Buyong MR. A dielectrophoresis proof of concept of polystyrene particles and
in‐vitro
human epidermal keratinocytes migration for wound rejuvenation. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Deivasigamani
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia
| | - Nur Nasyifa Mohd Maidin
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia
| | - Nur Shahira Abdul Nasir
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia
| | - Mei Xian Low
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility RMIT University Melbourne Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Connected Sensors for Health RMIT University Melbourne Australia
| | - Aminuddin Bin Ahmad Kayani
- Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group and the Micro Nano Research Facility RMIT University Melbourne Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Connected Sensors for Health RMIT University Melbourne Australia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia
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8
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Elkeles T, Park S, Werner JG, Weitz DA, Yossifon G. Dielectrophoretic Characterization of Dynamic Microcapsules and Their Magnetophoretic Manipulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15765-15773. [PMID: 35322665 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present dielectrophoresis (DEP) and in situ electrorotation (ROT) characterization of reversibly stimuli-responsive "dynamic" microcapsules that change the physicochemical properties of their shells under varying pH conditions and can encapsulate and release (macro)molecular cargo on demand. Specifically, these capsules are engineered to open (close) their shell under high (low) pH conditions and thus to release (retain) their encapsulated load or to capture and trap (macro)molecular samples from their environment. We show that the steady-state DEP and ROT spectra of these capsules can be modeled using a single-shell model and that the conductivity of their shells is influenced most by the pH. Furthermore, we measured the transient response of the angular velocity of the capsules under rotating electric field conditions, which allows us to directly determine the characteristic time scales of the underlying physical processes. In addition, we demonstrate the magnetic manipulation of microcapsules with embedded magnetic nanoparticles for lab-on-chip tasks such as encapsulation and release at designated locations and the in situ determination of their physicochemical state using on-chip ROT. The insight gained will enable the advanced design and operation of these dynamic drug delivery and smart lab-on-chip transport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Elkeles
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Sinwook Park
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Jörg G Werner
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - David A Weitz
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Gilad Yossifon
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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9
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Wu H, Ghaani MR, Nandi PK, English NJ. Investigation of Dipolar Response of the Hydrated Hen-Egg White Lysozyme Complex under Externally Applied Electric Fields: Insights from Non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:858-868. [PMID: 35060735 PMCID: PMC8819654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HaoLun Wu
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Mohammad Reza Ghaani
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Prithwish K. Nandi
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Irish Centre for High-End Computing, Trinity Enterprise Centre, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Niall J. English
- School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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10
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Deivasigamani R, Abdul Nasir NS, Mohamed MA, Buyong MR. In vitro dielectrophoresis of HEK cell migration for stimulating chronic wound epithelialization. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:609-620. [PMID: 34859896 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based simulation and experimental study of human epidermal keratinocyte (HEK) cells for wounded skin cell migration toward rapid epithelialization. MyDEP is a standalone software designed specifically to study dielectric particles and cell response to an alternating current (AC) electric field. This method demonstrated that negative dielectrophoresis (NDEP ) occurs in HEK cells at a wide frequency range in highly conductive medium. The finite element method was used to characterize particle trajectory based on DEP and drag force. The performance of the system was assessed using HEK cells in a highly conductive EpiLife suspending medium. The DEP experiment was performed by applying sinusoidal wave AC potential at the peak-to-peak voltage of 10 V in a tapered aluminum microelectrode array from 100 kHz to 1 MHz. We experimentally observed the occurrence of NDEP, which attracted HEK cells toward the local electric field minima in the region of interest. The DIPP-MotionV software was used to track cell migration in the prerecorded video via an automatic marker and estimate the average speed and acceleration of the cells. The results showed that HEK cell migration was accomplished approximately at 6.43 μm/s at 100 kHz with 10 V, and FDEP caused the cells to migrate and align at the target position, which resulted in faster wound closures because of the application of an electric field frequency to HEK cells in random locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Deivasigamani
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Shahira Abdul Nasir
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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11
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Duncan JL, Davalos RV. A review: Dielectrophoresis for characterizing and separating similar cell subpopulations based on bioelectric property changes due to disease progression and therapy assessment. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2423-2444. [PMID: 34609740 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the use of dielectrophoresis for high-fidelity separations and characterizations of subpopulations to highlight the recent advances in the electrokinetic field as well as provide insight into its progress toward commercialization. The role of cell subpopulations in heterogeneous clinical samples has been studied to deduce their role in disease progression and therapy resistance for instances such as cancer, tissue regeneration, and bacterial infection. Dielectrophoresis (DEP), a label-free electrokinetic technique, has been used to characterize and separate target subpopulations from mixed samples to determine disease severity, cell stemness, and drug efficacy. Despite its high sensitivity to characterize similar or related cells based on their differing bioelectric signatures, DEP has been slowly adopted both commercially and clinically. This review addresses the use of dielectrophoresis for the identification of target cell subtypes in stem cells, cancer cells, blood cells, and bacterial cells dependent on cell state and therapy exposure and addresses commercialization efforts in light of its sensitivity and future perspectives of the technology, both commercially and academically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie L Duncan
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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12
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Cheng C, Wu JJ, Chen J. A Sensitive and Specific Genomic RNA Sensor for Point-of-Care Screening of Zika Virus from Serum. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11379-11387. [PMID: 34378378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a sensitive and specific single-step RNA sensor for Zika virus (ZIKV) in serum. Using AC electrokinetics (ACEK)-enhanced capacitive sensing technology, ZIKV genomic RNA (gRNA) can be directly detected from serum. The sensors are interdigitated electrodes modified with oligonucleotide probes complementary to the conserved regions of ZIKV gRNA. The ACEK capacitive sensing applies an optimized AC excitation signal over the sensor, which induces ACEK microfluidic enrichment of analytes and also simultaneously performs real-time monitoring of hybridization of ZIKV gRNA on the sensor surface. Hence, the sensing procedures are simple with rapid turn-around time and good specificity and sensitivity. A series of experiments are conducted to optimize the sensor performance. The performance of the sensor is investigated for three different probes, two functionalization buffers, and different hybridization buffers. With the optimized sensing protocol, this method can detect spiked ZIKV gRNA from human serum within 30 s and reach a limit of detection of 78.8 copies/μL in analytical samples and as low as 287.5 copies/μL in neat serum. The sensors can successfully differentiate between the RNAs of the ZIKV and dengue virus, two viruses with similar transmission paths and symptoms. The sensor is simple to use and requires no labeling or sophisticated process typically involved in a polymerase chain reaction, hybridization chain reaction, or nucleic acid sequence-based amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, Morehead State University, 150 University Blvd., Morehead, Kentucky 40351, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Tennessee, 1520 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jie Jayne Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Tennessee, 1520 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jiangang Chen
- Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, 1914 Andy Holt Avenue, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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13
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Maidin NNM, Buyong MR, Rahim RA, Mohamed MA. Dielectrophoresis applications in biomedical field and future perspectives in biomedical technology. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2033-2059. [PMID: 34346062 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a technique to manipulate trajectories of polarisable particles in non-uniform electric fields by utilising unique dielectric properties. The manipulation of a cell using DEP has been demonstrated in various modes, thereby indicating potential applications in the biomedical field. In this review, recent DEP applications in the biomedical field are discussed. This review is intended to highlight research work that shows significant approach related to dielectrophoresis application in biomedical field reported between 2016 and 2020. Firstly, single-shell model and multiple-shell model of cells are introduced. Current device structures and recently introduced electrode patterns for DEP applications are discussed. Secondly, the biomedical uses of DEP in liquid biopsies, stem cell therapies, and diagnosis of infectious diseases due to bacteria and viruses are presented. Finally, the challenges in DEP research are discussed, and the reported solutions are explained. DEP's potential research directions are mentioned. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Nasyifa Mohd Maidin
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronic (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronic (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Ruslinda A Rahim
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia.,National Nanotechnology Centre (NNC), Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya, 62662, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronic (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
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14
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Rahman MRU, Kwak TJ, Woehl JC, Chang WJ. Effect of geometry on dielectrophoretic trap stiffness in microparticle trapping. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:33. [PMID: 34185161 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis, an electrokinetic technique, can be used for contactless manipulation of micro- and nano-size particles suspended in a fluid. We present a 3-D microfluidic DEP device with an orthogonal electrode configuration that uses negative dielectrophoresis to trap spherical polystyrene micro-particles. Traps with three different basic geometric shapes, i.e. triangular, square, and circular, and a fixed trap area of around 900 μm2 were investigated to determine the effect of trap shape on dynamics and strength of particle trapping. Effects of trap geometry were quantitatively investigated by means of trap stiffness, with applied electric potentials from 6 VP-P to 10 VP-P at 1 MHz. Analyzing the trap stiffness with a trapped 4.42 μm spherical particle showed that the triangular trap is the strongest, while the square shape trap is the weakest. The trap stiffness grew more than eight times in triangular traps and six times in both square and circular traps when the potential of the applied electric field was increased from 6 VP-P to 10 VP-P at 1 MHz. With the maximum applied potential, i.e. 10 VP-P at 1 MHz, the stiffness of the triangular trap was 60% and 26% stronger than the square and circular trap, respectively. A finite element model of the microfluidic DEP device was developed to numerically compute the DEP force for these trap shapes. The findings from the numerical computation demonstrate good agreement with the experimental analysis. The analysis of three different trap shapes provides important insights to predict trapping location, strength of the trapping zone, and optimized geometry for high throughput particle trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tae Joon Kwak
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jörg C Woehl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA. .,School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA.
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15
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Kwak TJ, Jung H, Allen BD, Demirel MC, Chang WJ. Dielectrophoretic separation of randomly shaped protein particles. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Deivasigamani R, Maidin NNM, Wee MFMR, Mohamed MA, Buyong MR. Dielectrophoresis Prototypic Polystyrene Particle Synchronization toward Alive Keratinocyte Cells for Rapid Chronic Wound Healing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3007. [PMID: 33922993 PMCID: PMC8123363 DOI: 10.3390/s21093007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes patients are at risk of having chronic wounds, which would take months to years to resolve naturally. Chronic wounds can be countered using the electrical stimulation technique (EST) by dielectrophoresis (DEP), which is label-free, highly sensitive, and selective for particle trajectory. In this study, we focus on the validation of polystyrene particles of 3.2 and 4.8 μm to predict the behavior of keratinocytes to estimate their crossover frequency (fXO) using the DEP force (FDEP) for particle manipulation. MyDEP is a piece of java-based stand-alone software used to consider the dielectric particle response to AC electric fields and analyzes the electrical properties of biological cells. The prototypic 3.2 and 4.8 μm polystyrene particles have fXO values from MyDEP of 425.02 and 275.37 kHz, respectively. Fibroblast cells were also subjected to numerical analysis because the interaction of keratinocytes and fibroblast cells is essential for wound healing. Consequently, the predicted fXO from the MyDEP plot for keratinocyte and fibroblast cells are 510.53 and 28.10 MHz, respectively. The finite element method (FEM) is utilized to compute the electric field intensity and particle trajectory based on DEP and drag forces. Moreover, the particle trajectories are quantified in a high and low conductive medium. To justify the simulation, further DEP experiments are carried out by applying a non-uniform electric field to a mixture of different sizes of polystyrene particles and keratinocyte cells, and these results are well agreed. The alive keratinocyte cells exhibit NDEP force in a highly conductive medium from 100 kHz to 25 MHz. 2D/3D motion analysis software (DIPP-MotionV) can also perform image analysis of keratinocyte cells and evaluate the average speed, acceleration, and trajectory position. The resultant NDEP force can align the keratinocyte cells in the wound site upon suitable applied frequency. Thus, MyDEP estimates the Clausius-Mossotti factors (CMF), FEM computes the cell trajectory, and the experimental results of prototypic polystyrene particles are well correlated and provide an optimistic response towards keratinocyte cells for rapid wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (R.D.); (N.N.M.M.); (M.F.M.R.W.); (M.A.M.)
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17
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Lo WC, Fan CH, Ho YJ, Lin CW, Yeh CK. Tornado-inspired acoustic vortex tweezer for trapping and manipulating microbubbles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023188118. [PMID: 33408129 PMCID: PMC7848694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023188118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatially concentrating and manipulating biotherapeutic agents within the circulatory system is a longstanding challenge in medical applications due to the high velocity of blood flow, which greatly limits drug leakage and retention of the drug in the targeted region. To circumvent the disadvantages of current methods for systemic drug delivery, we propose tornado-inspired acoustic vortex tweezer (AVT) that generates net forces for noninvasive intravascular trapping of lipid-shelled gaseous microbubbles (MBs). MBs are used in a diverse range of medical applications, including as ultrasound contrast agents, for permeabilizing vessels, and as drug/gene carriers. We demonstrate that AVT can be used to successfully trap MBs and increase their local concentration in both static and flow conditions. Furthermore, MBs signals within mouse capillaries could be locally improved 1.7-fold and the location of trapped MBs could still be manipulated during the initiation of AVT. The proposed AVT technique is a compact, easy-to-use, and biocompatible method that enables systemic drug administration with extremely low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan;
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
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18
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Baliyan VK, Lee B, Song JK. Quantum Dot Arrays Fabricated Using In Situ Photopolymerization of a Reactive Mesogen and Dielectrophoresis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40655-40661. [PMID: 32786215 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an excellent tool for manipulating small particles within a liquid or gas medium. However, when the size of the particles is too small, such as with quantum dots (QDs), it is difficult to manipulate the particles using DEP because the dielectrophoretic force (FDEP) depends on the volume of the particles and is therefore too weak to achieve particle migration. Herein, we demonstrate a novel method for controlling nanoscale QD particles using DEP by introducing photopolymerized reactive mesogen (RM) bead vehicles. The size of an RM bead is well-controlled by the RM concentration in the medium, and when the size is approximately 0.2 μm or larger, the RM beads can be arbitrarily manipulated using DEP under moderate electric fields. Interestingly, during photopolymerization, QD particles are easily absorbed by polymerized RM beads and most of the QDs are embedded within the RM beads. Hence, we can fabricate periodic QD arrays by manipulating the RM beads containing such dots. In addition, we can fabricate multicolor QD arrays by repeating the processes using different QD particles. The shape of a DEP-assisted QD-RM network pattern can be precisely predicted by calculating the gradient of the square of the electric field (∇E2) and the corresponding FDEP. This new technology may be useful for the fabrication of optical devices, displays, photonic crystal devices, and bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Baliyan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Lee
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Kun Song
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
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19
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Henslee EA. Review: Dielectrophoresis in cell characterization. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1915-1930. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin A. Henslee
- Department of Engineering Wake Forest University 455 Vine St. Winston‐Salem USA
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20
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Pesch GR, Du F. A review of dielectrophoretic separation and classification of non-biological particles. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:134-152. [PMID: 32667696 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a selective electrokinetic particle manipulation technology that is applied for almost 100 years and currently finds most applications in biomedical research using microfluidic devices operating at moderate to low throughput. This paper reviews DEP separators capable of high-throughput operation and research addressing separation and analysis of non-biological particle systems. Apart from discussing particle polarization mechanisms, this review summarizes the early applications of DEP for dielectric sorting of minerals and lists contemporary applications in solid/liquid, liquid/liquid, and solid/air separation, for example, DEP filtration or airborne fiber length classification; the review also summarizes developments in DEP fouling suppression, gives a brief overview of electrocoalescence and addresses current problems in high-throughput DEP separation. We aim to provide inspiration for DEP application schemes outside of the biomedical sector, for example, for the recovery of precious metal from scrap or for extraction of metal from low-grade ore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg R Pesch
- Faculty of Production Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering Group, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Fei Du
- Faculty of Production Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering Group, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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21
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Lorenz M, Weber AP, Baune M, Thöming J, Pesch GR. Aerosol classification by dielectrophoresis: a theoretical study on spherical particles. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10617. [PMID: 32606445 PMCID: PMC7327003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibilities and limitations using dielectrophoresis (DEP) for the dry classification of spherical aerosol particles was evaluated at low concentrations in a theoretical study. For an instrument with the geometry of concentric cylinders (similar to cylindrical DMA), the dependencies of target particle diameter \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$d_{{\text {P}}}^*$$\end{document}dP∗, resolution, and yield of the DEP classification on residence time, applied electric field strength, and pressure of the carrier gas were investigated. Further, the diffusion influence on the classification was considered. It was found that \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$d_{{\text {P}}}^*$$\end{document}dP∗ scales with the mean gas flow velocity \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$u_{{\text {gas}}}$$\end{document}ugas, classifier length L, and electric field strength E as \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$d_{{\text {P}}}^*\propto (u_{{\text {gas}}}/L)^{0.5}E^{-1}$$\end{document}dP∗∝(ugas/L)0.5E-1. The resolution of the classification depends on the particle diameter and scales proportionally to \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${d_{{\text {P}}}^*}^{1.3}$$\end{document}dP∗1.3. It is constrained by the flow ratio \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\beta $$\end{document}β (i.e., sheath gas to aerosol flow), electrode diameters, and applied electric field strength. The classification yield increases with the ratio of the width of the extended outlet slit \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$s_{{\text {e}}}$$\end{document}se to the diffusion induced broadening \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sigma _z$$\end{document}σz. As expected, resolution and yield exhibit opposite dependencies on \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$s_{{\text {e}}}/\sigma _z$$\end{document}se/σz. Our simulations show that DEP classification can principally cover a highly interesting particle size range from 100 nm to \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${10}\,\upmu \hbox {m}$$\end{document}10μm while being directly particle size-selective and particle charge independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Lorenz
- Faculty of Production Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering (CVT), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alfred P Weber
- Institute of Particle Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Michael Baune
- Faculty of Production Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering (CVT), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jorg Thöming
- Faculty of Production Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering (CVT), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Georg R Pesch
- Faculty of Production Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering (CVT), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. .,MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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22
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High-throughput dielectrophoretic filtration of sub-micron and micro particles in macroscopic porous materials. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3903-3914. [PMID: 32198531 PMCID: PMC7235068 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
State-of-the-art dielectrophoretic (DEP) separation techniques provide unique properties to separate particles from a liquid or particles with different properties such as material or morphology from each other. Such separators do not operate at throughput that is sufficient for a vast fraction of separation tasks. This limitation exists because high electric field gradients are required to drive the separation which are generated by electrode microstructures that limit the maximum channel size. Here, we investigate DEP filtration, a technique that uses open porous microstructures instead of microfluidic devices to easily increase the filter cross section and, therefore, also the processable throughput by several orders of magnitude. Previously, we used simple microfluidic porous structures to derive design rules predicting the influence of key parameters on DEP filtration in real complex porous filters. Here, we study in depth DEP filtration in microporous ceramics and underpin the previously postulated dependencies by a broad parameter study (Lorenz et al., 2019). We will further verify our previous claim that the main separation mechanism is indeed positive DEP trapping by showing that we can switch from positive to negative DEP trapping when we increase the electric conductivity of the suspension. Two clearly separated trapping mechanisms (positive and negative DEP trapping) at different conductivities can be observed, and the transition between them matches theoretical predictions. This lays the foundation for selective particle trapping, and the results are a major step towards DEP filtration at high throughput to solve existing separation problems such as scrap recovery or cell separation in liquid biopsy. Graphical abstract ![]()
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23
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Localized Dielectric Loss Heating in Dielectrophoresis Devices. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18977. [PMID: 31831755 PMCID: PMC6908616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature increases during dielectrophoresis (DEP) can affect the response of biological entities, and ignoring the effect can result in misleading analysis. The heating mechanism of a DEP device is typically considered to be the result of Joule heating and is overlooked without an appropriate analysis. Our experiment and analysis indicate that the heating mechanism is due to the dielectric loss (Debye relaxation). A temperature increase between interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) has been measured with an integrated micro temperature sensor between IDEs to be as high as 70 °C at 1.5 MHz with a 30 Vpp applied voltage to our ultra-low thermal mass DEP device. Analytical and numerical analysis of the power dissipation due to the dielectric loss are in good agreement with the experiment data.
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24
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Afshar S, Salimi E, Fazelkhah A, Braasch K, Mishra N, Butler M, Thomson DJ, Bridges GE. Progression of change in membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity of cells during controlled starvation using dual-frequency DEP cytometry. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1059:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Xuan X. Recent advances in direct current electrokinetic manipulation of particles for microfluidic applications. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:2484-2513. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson SC USA
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26
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Liu L, Chen K, Xiang N, Ni Z. Dielectrophoretic manipulation of nanomaterials: A review. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:873-889. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
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27
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Cheng C, Wu J, Chen J. A highly sensitive aptasensor for on-site detection of lipopolysaccharides in food. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:890-896. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Department of Engineering and Technology Management; Morehead State University; Morehead KY USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Jayne Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Jiangang Chen
- Department of Public Health; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
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28
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Tajul Othamany NRA, Aziz NA, Abd Samad MI, Buyong MR, Majlis BY. Separation of Micro Engineered Particle Using Dielectrophoresis Technique. 2018 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS (ICSE) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/smelec.2018.8481241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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29
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Pesch GR, Lorenz M, Sachdev S, Salameh S, Du F, Baune M, Boukany PE, Thöming J. Bridging the scales in high-throughput dielectrophoretic (bio-)particle separation in porous media. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10480. [PMID: 29993026 PMCID: PMC6041321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28735-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a versatile technique for the solution of difficult (bio-)particle separation tasks based on size and material. Particle motion by DEP requires a highly inhomogeneous electric field. Thus, the throughput of classical DEP devices is limited by restrictions on the channel size to achieve large enough gradients. Here, we investigate dielectrophoretic filtration, in which channel size and separation performance are decoupled because particles are trapped at induced field maxima in a porous separation matrix. By simulating microfluidic model porous media, we derive design rules for DEP filters and verify them using model particles (polystyrene) and biological cells (S. cerevisiae, yeast). Further, we bridge the throughput gap by separating yeast in an alumina sponge and show that the design rules are equally applicable in real porous media at high throughput. While maintaining almost 100% efficiency, we process up to 9 mL min−1, several orders of magnitude more than most state-of-the-art DEP applications. Our microfluidic approach provides new insight into trapping dynamics in porous media, which even can be applied in real sponges. These results pave the way toward high-throughput retention, which is capable of solving existing problems such as cell separation in liquid biopsy or precious metal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg R Pesch
- University of Bremen and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Chemical Engineering: Recovery and Recycling (VdW), Bremen, Germany.
| | - Malte Lorenz
- University of Bremen and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Chemical Engineering: Recovery and Recycling (VdW), Bremen, Germany
| | - Shaurya Sachdev
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Samir Salameh
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Fei Du
- University of Bremen and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Chemical Engineering: Recovery and Recycling (VdW), Bremen, Germany
| | - Michael Baune
- University of Bremen and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Chemical Engineering: Recovery and Recycling (VdW), Bremen, Germany
| | - Pouyan E Boukany
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Jorg Thöming
- University of Bremen and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Chemical Engineering: Recovery and Recycling (VdW), Bremen, Germany
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30
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Kale A, Patel S, Xuan X. Three-Dimensional Reservoir-Based Dielectrophoresis (rDEP) for Enhanced Particle Enrichment. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E123. [PMID: 30424057 PMCID: PMC6187384 DOI: 10.3390/mi9030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Selective enrichment of target species is crucial for a wide variety of engineering systems for improved performance of subsequent processes. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a powerful electrokinetic method that can be used to focus, trap, concentrate, and separate a variety of species in a label-free manner. The commonly employed methods for DEP suffer from limitations such as electrode fouling and high susceptibility to Joule heating effects. Recently, our group has demonstrated DEP-based manipulations of particles and cells using a novel method of reservoir-based dielectrophoresis (rDEP) which exploits the naturally produced electric field gradients at the reservoir-microchannel junction. Although this method reasonably addresses the limitations mentioned above while maintaining a high simplicity of fabrication, all of our demonstrations so far have used a two-dimensional rDEP, which limits the performance of the devices. This work aims to improve their performance further by making the DEP three-dimensional. Through detailed experimental and numerical analysis, we demonstrate a six-fold increase in the enrichment performance of latex beads and a significant reduction in the power consumption for the new devices, which would allow a more reliable integration of the same into micro-total analysis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Saurin Patel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA.
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA.
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31
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Budkov YA, Kiselev MG. Flory-type theories of polymer chains under different external stimuli. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:043001. [PMID: 29271365 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa9f56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this Review, we present a critical analysis of various applications of the Flory-type theories to a theoretical description of the conformational behavior of single polymer chains in dilute polymer solutions under a few external stimuli. Different theoretical models of flexible polymer chains in the supercritical fluid are discussed and analysed. Different points of view on the conformational behavior of the polymer chain near the liquid-gas transition critical point of the solvent are presented. A theoretical description of the co-solvent-induced coil-globule transitions within the implicit-solvent-explicit-co-solvent models is discussed. Several explicit-solvent-explicit-co-solvent theoretical models of the coil-to-globule-to-coil transition of the polymer chain in a mixture of good solvents (co-nonsolvency) are analysed and compared with each other. Finally, a new theoretical model of the conformational behavior of the dielectric polymer chain under the external constant electric field in the dilute polymer solution with an explicit account for the many-body dipole correlations is discussed. The polymer chain collapse induced by many-body dipole correlations of monomers in the context of statistical thermodynamics of dielectric polymers is analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu A Budkov
- Tikhonov Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics, School of Applied Mathematics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia. Laboratory of NMR Spectroscopy and Numerical Investigations of Liquids, G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, Russia
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32
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Kale A, Song L, Lu X, Yu L, Hu G, Xuan X. Electrothermal enrichment of submicron particles in an insulator-based dielectrophoretic microdevice. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:887-896. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson USA
| | - Le Song
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronic Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson USA
| | - Liandong Yu
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronic Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- LNM; Institute of Mechanics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing P. R. China
- School of Engineering Science; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson USA
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Yahya NN, Aziz NA, Buyong MR, Majlis BY. Size-based particles separation utilizing dielectrophoresis technique. 2017 IEEE REGIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MICRO AND NANOELECTRONICS (RSM) 2017. [DOI: 10.1109/rsm.2017.8069123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Soltanian-Zadeh S, Kikkeri K, Shajahan-Haq AN, Strobl J, Clarke R, Agah M. Breast cancer cell obatoclax response characterization using passivated-electrode insulator-based dielectrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1988-1995. [PMID: 28608427 PMCID: PMC5976885 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inherent electrical properties of cells can be beneficial to characterize different cell lines and their response to experimental drugs. This paper presents a novel method to characterize the response of breast cancer cells to drug stimuli through use of off-chip passivated-electrode insulator-based dielectrophoresis (OπDEP) and the application of AC electric fields. This work is the first to demonstrate the ability of OπDEP to differentiate between two closely related breast cancer cell lines, LCC1 and LCC9 while assessing their drug sensitivity to an experimental anti-cancer agent, Obatoclax. Although both cell lines are derivatives of estrogen-responsive MCF-7 breast cancer cells, growth of LCC1 is estrogen independent and anti-estrogen responsive, while LCC9 is both estrogen-independent and anti-estrogen resistant. Under the same operating conditions, LCC1 and LCC9 had different DEP profiles. LCC1 cells had a trapping onset (crossover) frequency of 700 kHz and trapping efficiencies between 30-40%, while LCC9 cells had a lower crossover frequency (100 kHz) and showed higher trapping efficiencies of 40-60%. When exposed to the Obatoclax, both cell lines exhibited dose-dependent shifts in DEP crossover frequency and trapping efficiency. Here, DEP results supplemented with cell morphology and proliferation assays help us to understand the response of these breast cancer cells to Obatoclax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepeedah Soltanian-Zadeh
- VT MEMS Lab, The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kruthika Kikkeri
- VT MEMS Lab, The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Jeannine Strobl
- VT MEMS Lab, The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Masoud Agah
- VT MEMS Lab, The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Kolesnikov AL, Budkov YA, Basharova EA, Kiselev MG. Statistical theory of polarizable target compound impregnation into a polymer coil under the influence of an electric field. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:4363-4369. [PMID: 28489109 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00417f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents a theoretical approach for describing the influence of an electric field on the conformation of an electrically neutral dielectric polymer chain dissolved in a dielectric solvent with an admixture of a target compound. Each monomer and each molecule of the target compound carries positive excess polarizability and the solvent is described as a continuous dielectric medium. The model is based on the Flory-type mean-field theory. We demonstrate non-monotonic dependences of the expansion factor and the concentration of the target compound on the strength of the electric field and molecular polarizability. Namely, the target compound concentration in the internal polymer volume as a function of electric field strength has pronounced maxima if the molecules are polarizable. In addition, the expansion factor of the non-polarizable polymer chain can be controlled by the electric field. The dependences of the expansion factor and target compound concentration on the monomer polarizability exhibit minima and intersection points. The intersection points correspond to the equality of dielectric permittivities in the bulk solution and in the internal polymer volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Kolesnikov
- Institut für Nichtklassische Chemie e.V., Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yu A Budkov
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Department of Applied Mathematics, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | - M G Kiselev
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of NMR Spectroscopy and Numerical Investigations of Liquids, Ivanovo, Russia
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Douglas TA, Cemazar J, Balani N, Sweeney DC, Schmelz EM, Davalos RV. A feasibility study for enrichment of highly aggressive cancer subpopulations by their biophysical properties via dielectrophoresis enhanced with synergistic fluid flow. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1507-1514. [PMID: 28342274 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A common problem with cancer treatment is the development of treatment resistance and tumor recurrence that result from treatments that kill most tumor cells yet leave behind aggressive cells to repopulate. Presented here is a microfluidic device that can be used to isolate tumor subpopulations to optimize treatment selection. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a phenomenon where particles are polarized by an electric field and move along the electric field gradient. Different cell subpopulations have different DEP responses depending on their bioelectrical phenotype, which, we hypothesize, correlate with aggressiveness. We have designed a microfluidic device in which a region containing posts locally distorts the electric field created by an AC voltage and forces cells toward the posts through DEP. This force is balanced with a simultaneous drag force from fluid motion that pulls cells away from the posts. We have shown that by adjusting the drag force, cells with aggressive phenotypes are influenced more by the DEP force and trap on posts while others flow through the chip unaffected. Utilizing single-cell trapping via cell-sized posts coupled with a drag-DEP force balance, we show that separation of similar cell subpopulations may be achieved, a result that was previously impossible with DEP alone. Separated subpopulations maintain high viability downstream, and remain in a native state, without fluorescent labeling. These cells can then be cultured to help select a therapy that kills aggressive subpopulations equally or better than the bulk of the tumor, mitigating resistance and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temple Anne Douglas
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jaka Cemazar
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Nikita Balani
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Daniel C Sweeney
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Eva M Schmelz
- Virginia Tech Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Exercise, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Cheng C, Oueslati R, Wu J, Chen J, Eda S. Capacitive DNA sensor for rapid and sensitive detection of whole genome human herpesvirus-1 dsDNA in serum. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1617-1623. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Rania Oueslati
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Jayne Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Jiangang Chen
- Department of Public Health; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Shigetoshi Eda
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries; The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture; Knoxville TN USA
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38
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Viefhues M, Eichhorn R. DNA dielectrophoresis: Theory and applications a review. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1483-1506. [PMID: 28306161 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis is the migration of an electrically polarizable particle in an inhomogeneous electric field. This migration can be exploited for several applications with (bio)molecules or cells. Dielectrophoresis is a noninvasive technique; therefore, it is very convenient for (selective) manipulation of (bio)molecules or cells. In this review, we will focus on DNA dielectrophoresis as this technique offers several advantages in trapping and immobilization, separation and purification, and analysis of DNA molecules. We present and discuss the underlying theory of the most important forces that have to be considered for applications with dielectrophoresis. Moreover, a review of DNA dielectrophoresis applications is provided to present the state-of-the-art and to offer the reader a perspective of the advances and current limitations of DNA dielectrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Viefhues
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ralf Eichhorn
- Nordita, Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Cheng C, Cui H, Wu J, Eda S. A PCR-free point-of-care capacitive immunoassay for influenza A virus. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abd Rahman N, Ibrahim F, Yafouz B. Dielectrophoresis for Biomedical Sciences Applications: A Review. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17030449. [PMID: 28245552 PMCID: PMC5375735 DOI: 10.3390/s17030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a label-free, accurate, fast, low-cost diagnostic technique that uses the principles of polarization and the motion of bioparticles in applied electric fields. This technique has been proven to be beneficial in various fields, including environmental research, polymer research, biosensors, microfluidics, medicine and diagnostics. Biomedical science research is one of the major research areas that could potentially benefit from DEP technology for diverse applications. Nevertheless, many medical science research investigations have yet to benefit from the possibilities offered by DEP. This paper critically reviews the fundamentals, recent progress, current challenges, future directions and potential applications of research investigations in the medical sciences utilizing DEP technique. This review will also act as a guide and reference for medical researchers and scientists to explore and utilize the DEP technique in their research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhaslina Abd Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Fatimah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Bashar Yafouz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Taiz University, 6803 Taiz, Yemen.
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Pesch GR, Du F, Baune M, Thöming J. Influence of geometry and material of insulating posts on particle trapping using positive dielectrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1483:127-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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43
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Wang Y, Du F, Pesch GR, Köser J, Baune M, Thöming J. Microparticle trajectories in a high-throughput channel for contact-free fractionation by dielectrophoresis. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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44
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Buyong MR, Larki F, Aziz NA, Yunas J, Hamzah AA, Majlis BY. Dielectrophoretic force response for Lactobacillus Casei. 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS (ICSE) 2016. [DOI: 10.1109/smelec.2016.7573585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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45
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Tang Q, Liang M, Lu Y, Wong PK, Wilmink GJ, Zhang D, Xin H. Microfluidic Devices for Terahertz Spectroscopy of Live Cells Toward Lab-on-a-Chip Applications. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16040476. [PMID: 27049392 PMCID: PMC4850990 DOI: 10.3390/s16040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
THz spectroscopy is an emerging technique for studying the dynamics and interactions of cells and biomolecules, but many practical challenges still remain in experimental studies. We present a prototype of simple and inexpensive cell-trapping microfluidic chip for THz spectroscopic study of live cells. Cells are transported, trapped and concentrated into the THz exposure region by applying an AC bias signal while the chip maintains a steady temperature at 37 °C by resistive heating. We conduct some preliminary experiments on E. coli and T-cell solution and compare the transmission spectra of empty channels, channels filled with aqueous media only, and channels filled with aqueous media with un-concentrated and concentrated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Pak Kin Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | | | - Donna Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Hao Xin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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46
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Mandal S, Bandopadhyay A, Chakraborty S. Effect of surface charge convection and shape deformation on the dielectrophoretic motion of a liquid drop. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:043127. [PMID: 27176410 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.043127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The dielectrophoretic motion and shape deformation of a Newtonian liquid drop in an otherwise quiescent Newtonian liquid medium in the presence of an axisymmetric nonuniform dc electric field consisting of uniform and quadrupole components is investigated. The theory put forward by Feng [J. Q. Feng, Phys. Rev. E 54, 4438 (1996)10.1103/PhysRevE.54.4438] is generalized by incorporating the following two nonlinear effects-surface charge convection and shape deformation-towards determining the drop velocity. This two-way coupled moving boundary problem is solved analytically by considering small values of electric Reynolds number (ratio of charge relaxation time scale to the convection time scale) and electric capillary number (ratio of electrical stress to the surface tension) under the framework of the leaky dielectric model. We focus on investigating the effects of charge convection and shape deformation for different drop-medium combinations. A perfectly conducting drop suspended in a leaky (or perfectly) dielectric medium always deforms to a prolate shape and this kind of shape deformation always augments the dielectrophoretic drop velocity. For a perfectly dielectric drop suspended in a perfectly dielectric medium, the shape deformation leads to either increase (for prolate shape) or decrease (for oblate shape) in the dielectrophoretic drop velocity. Both surface charge convection and shape deformation affect the drop motion for leaky dielectric drops. The combined effect of these can significantly increase or decrease the dielectrophoretic drop velocity depending on the electrohydrodynamic properties of both the liquids and the relative strength of the electric Reynolds number and electric capillary number. Finally, comparison with the existing experiments reveals better agreement with the present theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhadeep Mandal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal-721302, India
| | - Aditya Bandopadhyay
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes UMR 6118, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal-721302, India
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes UMR 6118, 35042 Rennes, France
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47
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Fellahi AE, Bore T, Bodenes P, Bensalem S, Le Pioufle B, Lopes F, Martincic E, Français O. RF Characterization of Intracellular Microalgae Lipids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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48
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Wang Y, Du F, Baune M, Thöming J. Predicting and eliminating Joule heating constraints in large dielectrophoretic IDE separators. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Pesch GR, Kiewidt L, Du F, Baune M, Thöming J. Electrodeless dielectrophoresis: Impact of geometry and material on obstacle polarization. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:291-301. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg R. Pesch
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Lars Kiewidt
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Fei Du
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Michael Baune
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
| | - Jorg Thöming
- Chemical Engineering, Recovery and Recycling, Department of Production Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology; University of Bremen; Bremen Germany
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50
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Shirakashi R, Yasui T, Memmel S, Sukhorukov VL. Electro-microinjection of fish eggs with an immobile capillary electrode. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:064109. [PMID: 26649129 PMCID: PMC4662674 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Microinjection with ultra-fine glass capillaries is widely used to introduce cryoprotective agents and other foreign molecules into animal cells, oocytes, and embryos. The fragility of glass capillaries makes difficult the microinjection of fish eggs and embryos, which are usually protected by a hard outer shell, called the chorion. In this study, we introduce a new electromechanical approach, based on the electropiercing of fish eggs with a stationary needle electrode. The electropiercing setup consists of two asymmetric electrodes, including a μm-scaled nickel needle placed opposite to a mm-scaled planar counter-electrode. A fish egg is immersed in low-conductivity solution and positioned between the electrodes. Upon application of a short electric pulse of sufficient field strength, the chorion is electroporated and the egg is attracted to the needle electrode by positive dielectrophoresis. As a result, the hard chorion and the subjacent yolk membrane are impaled by the sharp electrode tip, thus providing direct access to the egg yolk plasma. Our experiments on early-stage medaka fish embryos showed the applicability of electro-microinjection to fish eggs measuring about 1 mm in diameter. We optimized the electropiercing of medaka eggs with respect to the field strength, pulse duration, and conductivity of bathing medium. We microscopically examined the injection of dye solution into egg yolk and the impact of electropiercing on embryos' viability and development. We also analyzed the mechanisms of electropiercing in comparison with the conventional mechanical microinjection. The new electropiercing method has a high potential for automation, e.g., via integration into microfluidic devices, which would allow a large-scale microinjection of fish eggs for a variety of applications in basic research and aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Shirakashi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yasui
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Simon Memmel
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie und Biophysik, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg , Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Vladimir L Sukhorukov
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie und Biophysik, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg , Würzburg 97074, Germany
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