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Samoylenko ES, Kolesnikova NV, Baklay VI, Maydannikova EY, Omelchenko EV. VEGF gene polymorphism in complicated infective endocarditis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-vgp-1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a bacterial disease with frequent pathogen localization on the heart valve apparatus. IE is characterized by rapid development of heart failure and frequent thromboembolic complications (TEC). IE features are accounted for by foreign pathogen nature and state of human immune system (IS). The imbalanced IS in infective endocarditis is manifested by impaired cytokine-mediated interactions. This confirms the rationality of studying cytokines to advance understanding of the pathogenesis for various conditions. Most cytokine genes are characterized by polymorphism and existing isoforms underlying disease predisposition. Genetic polymorphism of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) plays an important role in the induction of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. The pathogenetic VEGF role in IE has not been thoroughly studied. Research objective analysis of polymorphic nucleotide sequence variants in the vascular endothelial growth factor gene, taking into account a relation with its serum concentration in patients with infective endocarditis. Materials and methods. 86 patients treated with verified diagnosis of infective endocarditis at the Scientific Research Institute Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 of Krasnodar were divided into two clinical groups in accordance with the IE course: Group 1 IE with TEC (n = 44), group 2 IE without TEC (n = 42), and the control group consisted of 20 apparently healthy individuals. The concentration of serum VEGF-A (pg/mL) was measured by ELISA on day 1 of hospitalization. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood leukocytes and used to determine the frequency of genotypes of VEGF gene polymorphic variants. Results. Significant differences in the frequency distribution of VEGF-rs2010963 genotypes between patients with infective endocarditis and control group were revealed: G/G (OR = 0.25; p = 0.012) and G/C (OR = 4.28; p = 0.022), as well as differences between VEGF concentrations for various SNP-rs2010963 genotypes (p = 0.0001). A study of VEGF genotype frequency distribution between patients of clinical groups showed a significantly decreased frequency of the genotype G/G (rs2010963) in the IE group with TEC (OR = 0.21; p = 0.014) and increased frequency of G/C (OR = 4.72; p = 0.024) compared with the control group, whereas in patients with IE without TEC, significant (p = 0.0003) differences in serum concentrations of VEGF-rs2010963 were found in accordance with genotypes GG/CC (p = 0.01) and GG/GC (p = 0.003). Conclusion. The relationship between the VEGF genotypes (G/G and G/C of rs2010963 polymorphism) and related serum concentration among patients with IE was revealed. Carriers of the minor C allele (rs2010963) had higher serum VEGF levels. The results obtained complement and systematize current scientific data on the disease pathogenesis, as well as focus on the genetic determinant of the developing complications.
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Redig JK, Fouad GT, Babcock D, Reshey B, Feingold E, Reeves RH, Maslen CL. Allelic Interaction between CRELD1 and VEGFA in the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Atrioventricular Septal Defects. AIMS GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/genet.2014.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAtrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) are highly heritable, clinically significant congenital heart malformations. Genetic and environmental modifiers of risk are thought to work in unknown combinations to cause AVSD. Approximately 5–10% of simplex AVSD cases carry a missense mutation in CRELD1. However, CRELD1 mutations are not fully penetrant and require interactions with other risk factors to result in AVSD. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) is a well-characterized modulator of heart valve development. A functional VEGFA polymorphism, VEGFA c.−634C, which causes constitutively increased VEGFA expression, has been associated with cardiac septal defects suggesting it may be a genetic risk factor. To determine if there is an allelic association with AVSD we genotyped the VEGFA c.−634 SNP in a simplex AVSD study cohort. Over-representation of the c.−634C allele in the AVSD group suggested that this genotype may increase risk. Correlation of CRELD1 and VEGFA genotypes revealed that potentially pathogenic missense mutations in CRELD1 were always accompanied by the VEGFA c.−634C allele in individuals with AVSD suggesting a potentially pathogenic allelic interaction. We used a Creld1 knockout mouse model to determine the effect of deficiency of Creld1 combined with increased VEGFA on atrioventricular canal development. Morphogenic response to VEGFA was abnormal in Creld1-deficient embryonic hearts, indicating that interaction between CRELD1 and VEGFA has the potential to alter atrioventricular canal morphogenesis. This supports our hypothesis that an additive effect between missense mutations in CRELD1 and a functional SNP in VEGFA contributes to the pathogenesis of AVSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Redig
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Current address, Hume Center for Writing and Speaking, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gameil T. Fouad
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Current address, Biotron Laboratories, West Centerville, UT 84014, USA
| | - Darcie Babcock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Benjamin Reshey
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261, USA
| | - Roger H. Reeves
- Department of Physiology and the Institute for Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cheryl L. Maslen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Zhuo Y, Zeng Q, Zhang P, Li G, Xie Q, Cheng Y. VEGF Promoter Polymorphism Confers an Increased Risk of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in a Chinese Population. Yonsei Med J 2017; 58:305-311. [PMID: 28120560 PMCID: PMC5290009 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.2.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence on the contribution of genes to the hereditary predisposition to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is limited. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we hypothesized that single nucleotide variants in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene may alter gene function and expression and may be associated with PAH risk. Five putatively functional loci (rs699947C>A and rs833061T>C in the promoter, rs3025040C>T, rs10434G>A and rs3025053G>A in the 3'-UTR) in the VEGF gene were genotyped and analyzed in a retrospective study of 587 patients with PAH and 736 healthy subjects from southern China. RESULTS We found that the rs833061T>C polymorphism was significantly associated with PAH risk, while the other single nucleotide polymorphisms were not. Compared to carriers with TT genotype, those with rs833061C variant genotype (CT/CC) had an increased risk of PAH (odds ratio=1.47, 95% confidence interval=1.18-1.83, p=0.001). Functional assays indicated that CT/CC variant genotype had significantly higher mRNA levels of VEGF in peripheral blood mononuclear cells than TT genotype (p=0.021). Luciferase reporter assay indicated that having a C allele conferred a significantly higher transcription activity than that with a T allele. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the functional polymorphism rs833061T>C in VEGF gene promoter modulates VEGF expression and may be a valuable biomarker for predicting PAH susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu Hexian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qingchun Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu Hexian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoyang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Panyu Hexian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu Hexian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu Hexian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Wang F, Wang H, Wang L, Zhou S, Chang M, Zhou J, Dou Y, Wang Y, Shi X. Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in NFATC1 Signaling Pathway Genes and Susceptibility to Congenital Heart Disease in the Chinese Population. Pediatr Cardiol 2016; 37:1548-1561. [PMID: 27567908 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-016-1469-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor of activated T lymphocytes (NFATC1) signaling has been demonstrated to play important roles in cardiac valve and septal development. Genetic variants in genes involved in NFATC1 signaling may affect their expression and promote the formation of congenital heart disease (CHD). The goal of this study was to investigate the associations of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in seven genes (NFATC1, VEGFR, VEGF, RANKL, FGFR1, BCL-6 and ZNRD1) with the risk of CHD. Twenty-nine polymorphisms were genotyped by using MassARRAY RS1000 platform in 277 CHD child patients and 293 controls from the Henan Province in China. Fours SNPs were excluded for the association analysis because of deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Of the 25 SNPs, only two were found to be significantly associated with increased CHD risk after Bonferroni correction (RANKL, rs4531631: homozygous, AA vs. GG; OR 2.38, 95 % CI 1.40-4.07, p = 0.001; recessive, AA vs. AG + GG; OR 2.54, 95 % CI 1.53-4.22, p = 0.0003; FGFR1, rs13317: recessive, CC vs. CT + TT; OR 2.06, 95 % CI 1.30-3.25, p = 0.00196). Our findings suggest rs4531631 and rs13317 may be potential biomarkers for genetic diagnosis and treatment of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Wang
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhou
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Mingxiu Chang
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiping Zhou
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yongheng Dou
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiangdong Shi
- Henan Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, National Health and Family Planning Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, No. 26, Jingwu Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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Li X, Liu CL, Li XX, Li QC, Ma LM, Liu GL. VEGF Gene Polymorphisms are Associated with Risk of Tetralogy of Fallot. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:3474-82. [PMID: 26558525 PMCID: PMC4648104 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate associations of 3 common polymorphisms in the VEGF gene, -2578C>A, -634C>G, and 936C>T, with risk of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Chinese Han children. MATERIAL AND METHODS From January 2010 to June 2013, a total of 400 pediatric subjects were recruited, including 160 cases with TOF (TOF group) and 240 healthy controls (control group). The genotypes of 3 common VEGF polymorphisms, -2578C>A, -634C>G, and 936C>T, were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. All data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0 software. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in body mass index or sex between TOF patients and controls (both P>0.05), but significant differences in age and family history of TOF were observed between the 2 groups (both P<0.05). The AA genotype in -2578C>A of VEGF was correlated with a significantly increased risk of TOF, and TOF risk in A allele carrier was 1.54-fold higher than that of C allele carrier (OR=1.54, 95%CI=1.14-2.09, P=0.005); the statistical significance was still present after Bonferroni correction (Pc=0.045). GG genotype in -634C>G of VEGF gene was also associated with an increased risk of TOF, and TOF risk in patients with G allele was 1.62-fold higher compared to patients with C allele (OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.19-2.21, P=0.002); the statistical significance was still present after Bonferroni correction (Pc=0.018). Interestingly, T allele in VEGF 936C>T polymorphism is associated with a decreased TOF risk (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.49-0.87, P=0.003, the statistical significance was still present after Bonferroni correction (Pc=0.027). The result of logistic regression analysis revealed that -2578C>A, -634C>G, and 936C>T genotypes are independently related to the prevalence of TOF (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed that VEGF genetic polymorphisms, -2578C>A and -634C>G, may be associated with an increased TOF risk, while 936C>T polymorphism may be associated with decreased TOF risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chao-Liang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Xia Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qing-Chen Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Ming Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Gao-Li Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Rammeloo LAJ, DeRuiter MC, van den Akker NM, Wisse LJ, Gittenberger-de Groot AC. Development of major aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries in vegf120/120 isoform mouse embryos with tetralogy of fallot. Pediatr Cardiol 2015; 36:89-95. [PMID: 25070391 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-014-0969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The degree of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, pulmonary stenosis (PS) and the development of major aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is related to clinical outcome. Vegf120/120 mutant mouse embryos develop TOF with various degrees of PS, comparable to humans. We aimed to study the ontogeny of the development of MAPCAs in this mouse model. The development of the right ventricular outflow tract, pulmonary arteries, and ductus arteriosus (DA) and formation of MAPCAs were studied in both wild type as well as Vegf120/120 mice from embryonic day 10.5 until day 19.5. Of the 49 Vegf120/120 embryos, 35 embryos (71%) had ventral displacement of the outflow tract and a subaortic ventricular septal defect. A time-related development in severity of PS to pulmonary atresia (PA) was observed. From embryonic day 12.5, hypoplasia of the DA was seen in 13 (37%) and absent DA in 12 (37%) of these embryos. The 3 (6%) embryos with PA and absent DA developed MAPCAs, after day 15.5. In all, the MAPCAs arose from both subclavian arteries, running posterior in the thoracic cavity, along the vagal nerve. The MAPCAs connected the pulmonary arteries at the site of the hilus. A time-related development of PS to PA can lead, in combination with absent DA, to the development of MAPCAs later in embryonic life as an alternative route for pulmonary perfusion in this mouse model. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the consecutive morphological changes in the development toward MAPCAs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A J Rammeloo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, P.O. 7057, 1007MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
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Association of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases gene polymorphisms with the risk of congenital heart disease in the Chinese Han population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110072. [PMID: 25310850 PMCID: PMC4195700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are in charge of cellular protein synthesis and have additional domains that function in a versatile manner beyond translation. Eight core ARSs (EPRS, MRS, QRS, RRS, IRS, LRS, KRS, DRS) combined with three nonenzymatic components form a complex known as multisynthetase complex (MSC).We hypothesize that the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the eight core ARS coding genes might influence the susceptibility of sporadic congenital heart disease (CHD). Thus, we conducted a case-control study of 984 CHD cases and 2953 non-CHD controls in the Chinese Han population to evaluate the associations of 16 potentially functional SNPs within the eight ARS coding genes with the risk of CHD. We observed significant associations with the risk of CHD for rs1061248 [G/A; odds ratio (OR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81–0.99; P = 3.81×10−2], rs2230301 [A/C; OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.60–0.90, P = 3.81×10−2], rs1061160 [G/A; OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.06–1.31; P = 3.53×10−3] and rs5030754 [G/A; OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.11–1.75; P = 4.47×10−3] of EPRS gene. After multiple comparisons, rs1061248 conferred no predisposition to CHD. Additionally, a combined analysis showed a significant dosage-response effect of CHD risk among individuals carrying the different number of risk alleles (Ptrend = 5.00×10−4). Compared with individuals with “0–2” risk allele, those carrying “3”, “4” or “5 or more” risk alleles had a 0.97-, 1.25- or 1.38-fold increased risk of CHD, respectively. These findings indicate that genetic variants of the EPRS gene may influence the individual susceptibility to CHD in the Chinese Han population.
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Bai LJ, Yang BS. Association between VEGF -634G/C polymorphism and diseases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:1801-1805. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i13.1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a special heparin-binding growth factor, and can significantly stimulate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in both cancer and healthy tissues. There have been many studies confirming that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of VEGF have a close relationship with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of diseases. According to statistics, the human VEGF gene has at least 30 SNP loci, among which VEGF -634C/G, -936C/T and -2578C/A mutations have been proved to regulate the VEGF plasma levels. Here we review the recent advances in understanding the association between VEGF -634G/C polymorphism and diseases.
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Wang E, Wang Z, Liu S, Gu H, Gong D, Hua K, Nie Y, Wang J, Wang H, Gong J, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Liu R, Hu S, Zhang H. Polymorphisms of VEGF, TGFβ1, TGFβR2 and conotruncal heart defects in a Chinese population. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:1763-70. [PMID: 24443223 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enshi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital & Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Redig JK, Fouad GT, Babcock D, Reshey B, Feingold E, Reeves RH, Maslen CL. Allelic Interaction between CRELD1 and VEGFA in the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Atrioventricular Septal Defects. AIMS GENETICS 2014; 1:1-19. [PMID: 25328912 PMCID: PMC4200510 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2014.1.1#sthash.jksujtec.dpuf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) are highly heritable, clinically significant congenital heart malformations. Genetic and environmental modifiers of risk are thought to work in unknown combinations to cause AVSD. Approximately 5-10% of simplex AVSD cases carry a missense mutation in CRELD1. However, CRELD1 mutations are not fully penetrant and require interactions with other risk factors to result in AVSD. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) is a well-characterized modulator of heart valve development. A functional VEGFA polymorphism, VEGFA c.-634C, which causes constitutively increased VEGFA expression, has been associated with cardiac septal defects suggesting it may be a genetic risk factor. To determine if there is an allelic association with AVSD we genotyped the VEGFA c.-634 SNP in a simplex AVSD study cohort. Over-representation of the c.-634C allele in the AVSD group suggested that this genotype may increase risk. Correlation of CRELD1 and VEGFA genotypes revealed that potentially pathogenic missense mutations in CRELD1 were always accompanied by the VEGFA c.-634C allele in individuals with AVSD suggesting a potentially pathogenic allelic interaction. We used a Creld1 knockout mouse model to determine the effect of deficiency of Creld1 combined with increased VEGFA on atrioventricular canal development. Morphogenic response to VEGFA was abnormal in Creld1-deficient embryonic hearts, indicating that interaction between CRELD1 and VEGFA has the potential to alter atrioventricular canal morphogenesis. This supports our hypothesis that an additive effect between missense mutations in CRELD1 and a functional SNP in VEGFA contributes to the pathogenesis of AVSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Redig
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gameil T. Fouad
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Darcie Babcock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Benjamin Reshey
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261, USA
| | - Roger H. Reeves
- Department of Physiology and the Institute for Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cheryl L. Maslen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Genetic and environmental risk factors in congenital heart disease functionally converge in protein networks driving heart development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:14035-40. [PMID: 22904188 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210730109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) occurs in ∼1% of newborns. CHD arises from many distinct etiologies, ranging from genetic or genomic variation to exposure to teratogens, which elicit diverse cell and molecular responses during cardiac development. To systematically explore the relationships between CHD risk factors and responses, we compiled and integrated comprehensive datasets from studies of CHD in humans and model organisms. We examined two alternative models of potential functional relationships between genes in these datasets: direct convergence, in which CHD risk factors significantly and directly impact the same genes and molecules and functional convergence, in which risk factors significantly impact different molecules that participate in a discrete heart development network. We observed no evidence for direct convergence. In contrast, we show that CHD risk factors functionally converge in protein networks driving the development of specific anatomical structures (e.g., outflow tract, ventricular septum, and atrial septum) that are malformed by CHD. This integrative analysis of CHD risk factors and responses suggests a complex pattern of functional interactions between genomic variation and environmental exposures that modulate critical biological systems during heart development.
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van den Akker NMS, Caolo V, Molin DGM. Cellular decisions in cardiac outflow tract and coronary development: an act by VEGF and NOTCH. Differentiation 2012; 84:62-78. [PMID: 22683047 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Congenital cardiac abnormalities are, due to their relatively high frequency and severe impact on quality of life, an important focus in cardiovascular research. Recently, various human studies have revealed a high coincidence of VEGF and NOTCH polymorphisms with cardiovascular outflow tract anomalies, such as bicuspid aortic valves and Tetralogy of Fallot, next to predisposition for cardiovascular pathologies, including atherosclerosis and aortic valve calcification. This genetic association between VEGF/NOTCH mutations and congenital cardiovascular defects in humans has been supported by substantial proof from animal models, revealing interaction of both pathways in cellular processes that are crucial for cardiac development. This review focuses on the role of VEGF and NOTCH signaling and their interplay in cardiogenesis with special interest to coronary and outflow tract development. An overview of the association between congenital malformations and VEGF/NOTCH polymorphisms in humans will be discussed along with their potential mechanisms and processes as revealed by transgenic mouse models. The molecular and cellular interaction of VEGF and subsequent Notch-signaling in these processes will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nynke M S van den Akker
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Souza J, Faucz F, Sotomaior V, Filho AB, Rosenfeld J, Raskin S. Chromosome 19p13.3 deletion in a child with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, congenital heart defect, high myopia, learning difficulties and dysmorphic features: Clinical and molecular characterization of a new contiguous gene syndrome. Genet Mol Biol 2011; 34:557-61. [PMID: 22215957 PMCID: PMC3229108 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572011005000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal-dominant hamartomatous polyposis syndrome characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation, gastrointestinal polyps and the increased risk of multiple cancers. The causative point mutation in the STK11 gene of most patients accounts for about 30% of the cases of partial and complete gene deletion. This is a report on a girl with PJS features, learning difficulties, dysmorphic features and cardiac malformation, bearing a de novo 1.1 Mb deletion at 19p13.3. This deletion encompasses at least 47 genes, including STK11. This is the first report on 19p13.3 deletion associated with a PJS phenotype, as well as other atypical manifestations, thereby implying a new contiguous gene syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Souza
- Núcleo de Investigação Molecular Avançada, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Ciencias Biológicas e da Saúde, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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14
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Richards AA, Garg V. Genetics of congenital heart disease. Curr Cardiol Rev 2011; 6:91-7. [PMID: 21532774 PMCID: PMC2892081 DOI: 10.2174/157340310791162703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Revised: 10/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular malformations are the most common type of birth defect and result in significant mortality worldwide. The etiology for the majority of these anomalies remains unknown but genetic factors are being recognized as playing an increasingly important role. Advances in our molecular understanding of normal heart development have led to the identification of numerous genes necessary for cardiac morphogenesis. This work has aided the discovery of an increasing number of monogenic causes of human cardiovascular malformations. More recently, studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms and submicroscopic copy number abnormalities as having a role in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease. This review discusses these discoveries and summarizes our increasing understanding of the genetic basis of congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh A Richards
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Gu H, Gong J, Qiu W, Cao H, Xu J, Chen S, Chen Y. Association of a Tandem Repeat Polymorphism in NFATc1 with Increased Risk of Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect in a Chinese Population. Biochem Genet 2011; 49:592-600. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-011-9434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen Y, Dawes PT, Packham JC, Mattey DL. Interaction between smoking and polymorphism in the promoter region of the VEGFA gene is associated with ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2011; 38:802-9. [PMID: 21362767 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether variants in the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) gene are associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and/or myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and whether there is evidence of a gene-smoking interaction. METHODS PCR-RFLP assays were used to determine the genotypes of VEGFA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) including VEGFA-2578A/C (rs699947), -460C/T (rs833061), +405C/G (rs2010963), and +936C/T (rs3025039) in 418 subjects with RA. Smoking history was obtained on each patient, and IHD and MI status was recorded. Associations with IHD/MI were assessed using contingency tables and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Strong linkage disequilibrium was detected among VEGFA-2578, -460, and +405. SNP located in the VEGFA promoter region (-2578, -460) were found to be associated with IHD and MI, whereas +405 and +936, in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and 3'-UTR, respectively, were not. Haplotype analysis suggested that the A/C/G haplotype was associated with increased risk of IHD (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.22-4.62) and MI (OR 4.10, 95% CI 1.45-11.49). Smoking was also independently associated with IHD and MI, and evidence of interaction between smoking and the VEGFA promoter SNP was found. Multivariate analyses indicated that the strongest associations with IHD and MI were due to the combined effect of the VEGFA-2578 A allele and smoking (OR 3.52 and 7.11, respectively), independent of risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes, C-reactive protein, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. CONCLUSION Interaction between smoking and polymorphism in the VEGFA gene is associated with IHD and MI in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Staffordshire Rheumatology Centre, The Haywood, High Lane, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England, UK
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17
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de Mooij YM, Bartelings MM, Twisk JWR, Lamberts RR, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, van Vugt JMG, Bekker MN. Altered jugular vein and ductus venosus flow velocities in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency and distended jugular lymphatic sacs. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202:566.e1-8. [PMID: 20227670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Revised: 10/11/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to assess blood flow in relation to jugular lymphatic distension in fetuses with increased and normal nuchal translucency (NT). STUDY DESIGN In all, 72 fetuses with normal NT and 71 fetuses with NT >95th percentile were evaluated. NT size, jugular lymphatic sacs (JLS), jugular vein and ductus venosus pulsatility index for veins (PIV), and intracardiac velocities were measured. RESULTS JLS were visualized in 22/72 fetuses with normal and in 55/71 fetuses with increased NT. Jugular vein and ductus venosus PIV was higher in fetuses with increased NT compared to normal NT (P < .01). Visibility of JLS was associated with a higher ductus venous PIV (P < .05), but not with a higher jugular vein PIV. Larger NT and larger JLS volumes were associated with higher jugular vein and ductus venosus PIV (P < .05). CONCLUSION This study shows a relation among increased NT, jugular lymphatic distension, and altered blood flow in jugular vein and ductus venosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda M de Mooij
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Zhao W, Wang J, Shen J, Sun K, Zhu J, Yu T, Ji W, Chen Y, Fu Q, Li F. Mutations in VEGFA are associated with congenital left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 396:483-8. [PMID: 20420808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) comprises a spectrum of stenotic lesions. Previous studies have shown that the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling system plays a critical role in cardiac cushion formation, vasculogenesis, and angiogenesis. We hypothesize that VEGFA may be a potential candidate gene associated with the spectrum of LVOTO lesions. However, it remains unclear whether the VEGFA gene is responsible for the development of LVOTO malformations. In this study, we identified three exon mutations in the VEGFA gene in three of 192 nonsyndromic LVOTO patients, and the overall mutation frequency was 1.6% (3/192). The c.454C>T (p.Arg152X) nonsense mutation and c.19_22dupGACA (p.Thr8ArgfsX78) internal tandem duplication mutation each introduced a premature stop codon and are predicted to produce a truncated VEGFA protein. The c.998G>A missense mutation changes a highly conserved arginine to a glutamine at residue 333 (p.Arg333Gln). These mutations were carried by some family members, and average penetrance was 33.3%. The present study suggests, for the first time to our knowledge, that VEGFA mutations may be associated with congenital LVOTO malformations. We provide evidence that LVOTO is likely oligogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, PR China
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Smedts HPM, Isaacs A, de Costa D, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Helbing WA, Steegers EAP, Steegers-Theunissen RPM. VEGF polymorphisms are associated with endocardial cushion defects: a family-based case-control study. Pediatr Res 2010; 67:23-8. [PMID: 19816237 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181c1b144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Endocardial cushion defects (ECDs) of the cardiac outflow tract are among the most common congenital heart disease phenotypes. VEGF is essential for endocardial cushion formation and derangements in VEGF synthesis lead to ECD. Three functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VEGF gene -2578 C>A, -1154 G>A, and -634 G>C play a role in cardiogenesis. In a Dutch case-control family study of triads, 190 case and 317 control children with both parents, we investigated linkage and association between these VEGF SNPs and ECD. Allele frequencies for the three VEGF SNPs were comparable between ECD children and controls. However, VEGF alleles -2578 C and -1154 G were transmitted more frequently to children with ECD (p = 0.003 and p = 0.002), in particular perimembranous ventricular septal defects (p = 0.012 and p = 0.006). The -2578A/-1154A/-634G haplotype was associated with a reduced risk of ECD (OR 0.7; 95% CI, 0.6-1.0) and was significantly less transmitted to children with ECD (p = 0.002). In a Dutch population, we show that the VEGF 2578 C, -1154 G alleles, and the AAG haplotype are associated with ECD. Possible VEGF gene-environment interactions exposures are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huberdina P M Smedts
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands
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Delvaeye M, De Vriese A, Zwerts F, Betz I, Moons M, Autiero M, Conway EM. Role of the 2 zebrafish survivin genes in vasculo-angiogenesis, neurogenesis, cardiogenesis and hematopoiesis. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2009; 9:25. [PMID: 19323830 PMCID: PMC2670274 DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-9-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Normal growth and development of organisms requires maintenance of a dynamic balance between systems that promote cell survival and those that induce apoptosis. The molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes remain poorly understood, and thus further in vivo study is required. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, that uniquely also promotes mitosis and cell proliferation. Postnatally, survivin is hardly detected in most tissues, but is upregulated in all cancers, and as such, is a potential therapeutic target. Prenatally, survivin is also highly expressed in several tissues. Fully delineating the properties of survivin in vivo in mice has been confounded by early lethal phenotypes following survivin gene inactivation. Results To gain further insights into the properties of survivin, we used the zebrafish model. There are 2 zebrafish survivin genes (Birc5a and Birc5b) with overlapping expression patterns during early development, prominently in neural and vascular structures. Morpholino-induced depletion of Birc5a causes profound neuro-developmental, hematopoietic, cardiogenic, vasculogenic and angiogenic defects. Similar abnormalities, all less severe except for hematopoiesis, were evident with suppression of Birc5b. The phenotypes induced by morpholino knockdown of one survivin gene, were rescued by overexpression of the other, indicating that the Birc5 paralogs may compensate for each. The potent vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) also entirely rescues the phenotypes induced by depletion of either Birc5a and Birc5b, highlighting its multi-functional properties, as well as the power of the model in characterizing the activities of growth factors. Conclusion Overall, with the zebrafish model, we identify survivin as a key regulator of neurogenesis, vasculo-angiogenesis, hematopoiesis and cardiogenesis. These properties of survivin, which are consistent with those identified in mice, indicate that its functions are highly conserved across species, and point to the value of the zebrafish model in understanding the role of this IAP in the pathogenesis of human disease, and for exploring its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Delvaeye
- KU Leuven, VIB Vesalius Research Center (VRC), Gasthuisberg O&N-1, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Griffin HR, Hall DH, Topf A, Eden J, Stuart AG, Parsons J, Peart I, Deanfield JE, O'Sullivan J, Babu-Narayan SV, Gatzoulis MA, Bu'Lock FA, Bhattacharya S, Bentham J, Farrall M, Granados Riveron J, Brook JD, Burn J, Cordell HJ, Goodship JA, Keavney B. Genetic variation in VEGF does not contribute significantly to the risk of congenital cardiovascular malformation. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4978. [PMID: 19308252 PMCID: PMC2654913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several previous studies have investigated the role of common promoter variants in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene in causing congenital cardiovascular malformation (CVM). However, results have been discrepant between studies and no study to date has comprehensively characterised variation throughout the gene. We genotyped 771 CVM cases, of whom 595 had the outflow tract malformation Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and carried out TDT and case-control analyses using haplotype-tagging SNPs in VEGF. We carried out a meta-analysis of previous case-control or family-based studies that had typed VEGF promoter SNPs, which included an additional 570 CVM cases. To identify rare variants potentially causative of CVM, we carried out mutation screening in all VEGF exons and splice sites in 93 TOF cases. There was no significant effect of any VEGF haplotype-tagging SNP on the risk of CVM in our analyses of 771 probands. When the results of this and all previous studies were combined, there was no significant effect of the VEGF promoter SNPs rs699947 (OR 1.05 [95% CI 0.95–1.17]); rs1570360 (OR 1.17 [95% CI 0.99–1.26]); and rs2010963 (OR 1.04 [95% CI 0.93–1.16]) on the risk of CVM in 1341 cases. Mutation screening of 93 TOF cases revealed no VEGF coding sequence variants and no changes at splice consensus sequences. Genetic variation in VEGF appears to play a small role, if any, in outflow tract CVM susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R. Griffin
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Darroch H. Hall
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Topf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - James Eden
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - A. Graham Stuart
- Congenital Heart Centre, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Parsons
- Paediatric Cardiology Unit, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Peart
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Alder Hey Royal Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - John E. Deanfield
- Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John O'Sullivan
- Congenital Heart Unit, Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sonya V. Babu-Narayan
- Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Gatzoulis
- Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frances A. Bu'Lock
- Congenital and Paediatric Cardiology Service, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Shoumo Bhattacharya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Bentham
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Farrall
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Granados Riveron
- Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - J. David Brook
- Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - John Burn
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Heather J. Cordell
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Judith A. Goodship
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard Keavney
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Kim YS, Park SW, Kim MH, Jang EJ, Park JS, Park SJ, Baik HW, Chung G, Hahm KB. Novel single nucleotide polymorphism of the VEGF gene as a risk predictor for gastroduodenal ulcers. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 23 Suppl 2:S131-9. [PMID: 19120886 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The gastroduodenal ulcer (GDU) mostly develops on the lesser curvature side of stomach and the anterior wall of duodenal bulb, irrespective of the etiologies including Helicobacter pylori infection, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcohol, etc. However, a clear explanation as to why ulcers are prevalent in these areas has still not been given. The current study was designed to evaluate whether the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphism could predict susceptibility to GDU through deranged angiogenic activities. METHODS A large scale case-control study based on known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of VEGF and another case control study based on the novel SNP of VEGF was performed through the SNP-IT assay using the SNP stream 25 k system. A site-directed mutagenesis and functional assay was executed to document the biological effect of a novel VEGF SNP on angiogenesis. RESULTS Even though the case-control study between non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) and gastric ulcer (GU) patients was done in 10 SNP of the VEGF gene including -2488C/T, -634G/C, -7C/T, 3436G/C, 6112C/A, 6894C/T, 9374G/A, 9812C/T, 13128C/T, and 13553C/T, the analysis showed no statistically significant association between NUD and GU. Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography analysis could identify two novel SNP of the VEGF gene, -1780T/C and IVS-99 G/C, among which -1780T/C showed a very strong association between NUD and GDU, presenting with OR=2.93 on codominant analysis (P<0.001), OR=8.62 on dominant analysis (P<0.001), and OR=3.21 on recessive analysis (P<0.001). The promoter assay using a site-directed mutagenesis and in vitro angiogenesis assay showed repressed transcription of the VEGF gene in gastric epithelial cells and defective tube formation in endothelial cells, both transfected with a plasmid containing -1780C/C mutant of VEGF gene. CONCLUSION The novel VEGF polymorphism -1780T/C could significantly predict the predisposition to GDU after the exposure to etiologic risks, based on defective angiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Seok Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kwinta P, Bik-Multanowski M, Mitkowska Z, Tomasik T, Legutko M, Pietrzyk JJ. Genetic risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Res 2008; 64:682-8. [PMID: 18614962 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e318184edeb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and polymorphisms of genes coding for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor (TGF-[beta]1), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). A sample of 181 newborns with mean gestational age of 28 wk was prospectively evaluated. Molecular analysis of TGF-[beta]1 -800G>A, -509C>T, 10T>C, 25G>C, VEGF -460T>C and 405G>C and MTHFR 677C>T polymorphisms were performed and the number of CA repeats in the promoter region of IGF-1 gene was assessed. The frequency of all TGF-[beta]1, IGF-1, and MTHFR polymorphisms, as well as the frequency of VEGF 405G>C polymorphism was similar in all groups. The newborns with -460TT and -460CT genotypes were significantly overrepresented in the BPD groups compared with the no BPD group. Multivariate analysis revealed that carrying T allele increased the risk of BPD by 9% (95%CI: 2-14%) above the baseline risk established for given gestational age, length of oxygen therapy, and sex. Based on our data from a single center, we propose that VEGF -460T>C polymorphism may influence the risk of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemko Kwinta
- Department of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow 30-663, Poland.
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Opposing actions of Notch1 and VEGF in post-natal cardiac valve endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374:512-6. [PMID: 18647596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The endothelium of the cardiac valves is unique compared the rest of the vasculature in its ability to undergo an endothelial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) in vitro in response to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). EMT is a critical event during embryonic valve development, and both VEGF-A and Notch1 have been shown to function in this process. Here we investigate the effects of VEGF-A and Notch1 on EMT in clonal endothelial cell (EC) populations isolated from adult aortic valve leaflets. VEGF-A inhibited TGF-beta-induced EMT. Endothelial growth, however, was not affected by VEGF-A or TGF-beta. A positive role for Notch1 was revealed in three experiments: (1) TGF-beta induced Notch1 mRNA in valve ECs, (2) a gamma-secretase inhibitor of Notch1 signaling blocked EMT, and (3) overexpression of a ligand-independent form of Notch1 induced EMT. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that VEGF-A and Notch1 play opposing roles in regulating EMT in post-natal valve endothelium.
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Lee EJ, Oh B, Lee JY, Kimm K, Park JM, Baek KH. Association study between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the VEGF gene and polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2007; 89:1751-9. [PMID: 17953946 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene that have significant associations with the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a Korean population. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING University-based hospital. PATIENT(S) One hundred thirty-four patients with PCOS and 100 healthy women as controls. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Frequencies of genotypes for SNPs in VEGF gene, which were specifically expressed in a Korean population. RESULT(S) After genotypic analysis, we found that among 10 SNPs, one novel SNP at site +9812 and one known SNP at site +13553 have P values lower than .05 (+9812: odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.61 [0.39-0.95]; +13553: odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.59 [0.37-0.93]) and one haplotype (ht4) also has a P value in the significant range (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.34 [0.16-0.74]). CONCLUSION(S) We concluded that one novel SNP at +9812 site, one known SNP at +13553 site, and one selected haplotype in the VEGF gene have a high possibility of significant associations with the pathogenesis of PCOS in a Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eung-Ji Lee
- Graduate School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Cell and Gene Therapy Research Institute, Pochon CHA University, CHA General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Mitchell ME, Sander TL, Klinkner DB, Tomita-Mitchell A. The Molecular Basis of Congenital Heart Disease. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 19:228-37. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2007.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Xie J, Yi L, Xu ZF, Mo XM, Hu YL, Wang DJ, Ren HZ, Han B, Wang Y, Yang C, Zhao YL, Shi DQ, Jiang YZ, Shen L, Qiao D, Chen SL, Yu BJ. VEGF C-634G polymorphism is associated with protection from isolated ventricular septal defect: case-control and TDT studies. Eur J Hum Genet 2007; 15:1246-51. [PMID: 17625508 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart defect and no candidate susceptibility gene has been identified. Endocardial cushion and outflow septal morphogenesis, malalignment of which induces VSD, have been suggested to be mediated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Three single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in promoter and 5'-UTR region of the VEGF gene, C-2578A (rs699947), G-1154A (rs1570360) and G-634C (rs2010963), were reported to alter its expression. We assessed the association in a Chinese population between these SNPs and VSD using a double approach: case-control and TDT designs. Among the three SNPs, only -634C allele was less frequently present in 222 patients compared to 352 controls (odds ratio: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.97, X(2)=5.06, P=0.024, not significant after a Bonferroni correction). This was significantly less transmitted to VSD patients (trios: 142) (odds ratio: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.25-0.62, X(2)=8.11, df=1, P=0.004, corrected P=0.024). A similar result was observed for haplotype -2578C/-1154G/-634C allele in both studies (in TDT: X(2)=7.51, df=1, P=0.006, corrected P=0.048). All these associations for the first time demonstrated that -634C allele was in a significant protective association against VSD, suggesting that VEGF dysregulation was involved in the pathological processes of VSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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van den Akker NMS, Molin DGM, Peters PPWM, Maas S, Wisse LJ, van Brempt R, van Munsteren CJ, Bartelings MM, Poelmann RE, Carmeliet P, Gittenberger-de Groot AC. Tetralogy of Fallot and Alterations in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Signaling and Notch Signaling in Mouse Embryos Solely Expressing the VEGF120 Isoform. Circ Res 2007; 100:842-9. [PMID: 17332426 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000261656.04773.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The importance of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) and subsequent Notch signaling in cardiac outflow tract development is generally recognized. Although genetic heterogeneity and mutations of these genes in both humans and mouse models relate to a high susceptibility to develop outflow tract malformations such as tetralogy of Fallot and peripheral pulmonary stenosis, no etiology has been proposed so far. Using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and quantitative RT-PCR on embryonic hearts, we have shown spatiotemporal increase and abnormal patterning of
Vegf
/VEGF/(phosphorylated) VEGFR-2, (cleaved) Notch1, and Jagged2 in the outflow tract of
Vegf120/120
mouse embryos. This coincides with hyperplasia of specifically the outflow tract cushions and a high degree of subpulmonary myocardial apoptosis that, in later stages, manifest as pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defects. We postulate that increase of VEGF and Notch signaling during right ventricular outflow tract development can lead to abnormal development of both cushion and myocardial structures. Defective right ventricular outflow tract development as presented provides new insight in the etiology of tetralogy of Fallot.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/abnormalities
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Embryo, Mammalian/abnormalities
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Heart Ventricles/abnormalities
- Heart Ventricles/pathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization
- Jagged-2 Protein
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Tetralogy of Fallot/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nynke M S van den Akker
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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