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Heo S, Park JH. Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Graded Exposure Therapy on PTSD Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15911. [PMID: 36497989 PMCID: PMC9735589 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies reported that virtual reality (VR)-based exposure therapy (VRET) was a clinically beneficial intervention for specific phobias. However, among VRET, VR-based graded exposure therapy (VR-GET) is little known about its efficacy on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the effects of VR-GET for PTSD symptoms. A literature search yielded seven randomized controlled trials. The differences between conditions regarding the primary outcome of PTSD symptoms in the effect size of the individual study were calculated using Hedges' g. The findings showed VR-GET showed a significantly larger effect size for PTSD symptoms (g = 1.100, p = 0.001), compared to controls. However, no significant difference between conventional VRET and controls was found for PTSD symptoms (g = -0.279, p = 0.970). These findings indicated the superiority of VR-GET for PTSD symptoms compared to controls, supporting the importance of immersive PTSD treatments. Nevertheless, the results need to be interpreted with caution due to the substantial number of military service personnel studies. Future trials, considering individually tailored scenarios in virtual environments to cover a wider range of trauma types, are required to investigate its evidence on treating PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoon Heo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Kyungbok University, Namyangju-si 42517, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyuck Park
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea
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van Meggelen M, Morina N, van der Heiden C, Brinkman WP, Yocarini IE, Tielman ML, Rodenburg J, van Ee E, van Schie K, Broekman ME, Franken IHA. A randomized controlled trial to pilot the efficacy of a computer-based intervention with elements of virtual reality and limited therapist assistance for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:974668. [PMID: 36329832 PMCID: PMC9622938 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.974668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although well-established therapies exist for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), barriers to seek mental health care are high. Technology-based interventions may play a role in improving the reach of efforts to treat, especially when therapist availability is low. The goal of the current randomized controlled trial was to pilot the efficacy of a computer-based trauma intervention with elements of virtual reality (VR; 3MR system) and limited therapist involvement for the treatment of PTSD in a childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and war veteran sample and to compare this to "treatment as usual" (TAU). TAU consisted of evidence-based approaches such as imaginal exposure, EMDR, or narrative exposure therapy. A total of 44 patients with PTSD were included and randomly assigned to 12 sessions of 3MR intervention or TAU (completer n 3MR = 12, TAU = 18). Several measures (PCL-5, BDI-II, OQ-45-2, and the M.I.N.I. 5.0.0.) were administered to measure symptoms of PTSD and depression and scores of overall well-being at pre, post, and a three-month follow-up measurement. Analyses suggest that symptoms of PTSD and depression in the 3MR condition decreased, and overall well-being increased between pre and post measurements. Results did not indicate any clear differences between the treatment conditions over time which suggests that treatment gains of the 3MR intervention seem no less than those of TAU. Finally, both treatment conditions produced similar remission rates of PTSD and depression. Therefore, the 3MR intervention could possibly constitute an appropriate treatment alternative. The small sample size as well as evident drop-out rates in the 3MR condition (45%) do warrant further research. The procedures of this study were approved by the Medical Ethical Research Committee (MERC) of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam (MEC-NL46279.078.13) and pre-registered via ClinicalTrials.gov (Protocol Record CI1-12-S028-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke van Meggelen
- Department of Psychology, Child and Education Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Parnassia Group, Outpatient Treatment Center PsyQ, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Nexhmedin Morina
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Colin van der Heiden
- Department of Psychology, Child and Education Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Parnassia Group, Outpatient Treatment Center PsyQ, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Willem-Paul Brinkman
- Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Iris E. Yocarini
- Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Myrthe L. Tielman
- Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Jan Rodenburg
- DeHemisfeer, Praktijk Voor Psychotrauma / Migratieproblematiek, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Elisa van Ee
- Reinier van Arkel, Psychotrauma Centrum Zuid-Nederland, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kevin van Schie
- Department of Psychology, Child and Education Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ingmar H. A. Franken
- Department of Psychology, Child and Education Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Kirk HW, Dahl MG. Infra Low Frequency Neurofeedback Training for Trauma Recovery: A Case Report. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:905823. [PMID: 35978981 PMCID: PMC9376603 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.905823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews how and why ILF Neurofeedback has proven to be a parsimonious and efficient way to remediate the neuro-physiological effects of trauma. Reference is made to several large- and small-scale institutional proof of concept experimental studies each addressing a specific kind of trauma. It ends with a case report by the author (Kirk) working with an American combat veteran. It makes the argument that given its success that ILF Neurofeedback and Alpha-Theta training become accepted as part of an integrative and holistic approach for treating survivors of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno W. Kirk
- National Association of Social Workers, Washington, DC, United States
- *Correspondence: Hanno W. Kirk
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Spreyermann R. Case Report: Infra-Low-Frequency Neurofeedback for PTSD: A Therapist's Perspective. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:893830. [PMID: 35685333 PMCID: PMC9170915 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.893830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The practical use of a combination of trauma psychotherapy and neurofeedback [infra-low-frequency (ILF) neurofeedback and alpha-theta training] is described for the treatment of patients diagnosed with complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD). The indication for this combined treatment is the persistence of symptoms of a hyper-aroused state, anxiety, and sleep disorders even with adequate trauma-focused psychotherapy and supportive medication, according to the Guidelines of the German Society of Psycho-Traumatology (DeGPT). Another indication for a supplementary treatment with neurofeedback is the persistence of dissociative symptoms. Last but not least, the neurofeedback treatment after a trauma-focused psychotherapy session helps to calm the trauma-related reactions and to process the memories. The process of the combined therapy is described and illustrated using two representative case reports. Overall, a rather satisfying result of this outpatient treatment program can be seen in the qualitative appraisal of 7 years of practical application.
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Cassani R, Novak GS, Falk TH, Oliveira AA. Virtual reality and non-invasive brain stimulation for rehabilitation applications: a systematic review. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2020; 17:147. [PMID: 33129331 PMCID: PMC7603766 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-020-00780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present article reports the results of a systematic review on the potential benefits of the combined use of virtual reality (VR) and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a novel approach for rehabilitation. VR and NIBS are two rehabilitation techniques that have been consistently explored by health professionals, and in recent years there is strong evidence of the therapeutic benefits of their combined use. In this work, we reviewed research articles that report the combined use of VR and two common NIBS techniques, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Relevant queries to six major bibliographic databases were performed to retrieve original research articles that reported the use of the combination VR-NIBS for rehabilitation applications. A total of 16 articles were identified and reviewed. The reviewed studies have significant differences in the goals, materials, methods, and outcomes. These differences are likely caused by the lack of guidelines and best practices on how to combine VR and NIBS techniques. Five therapeutic applications were identified: stroke, neuropathic pain, cerebral palsy, phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder, and multiple sclerosis rehabilitation. The majority of the reviewed studies reported positive effects of the use of VR-NIBS. However, further research is still needed to validate existing results on larger sample sizes and across different clinical conditions. For these reasons, in this review recommendations for future studies exploring the combined use of VR and NIBS are presented to facilitate the comparison among works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymundo Cassani
- Institut National de La Recherche Scientique (INRS-EMT), University of Quebec, 800 rue de la Gauchetière O, Montreal, QC H5A-1K6 Canada
| | - Guilherme S. Novak
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170 Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Falk
- Institut National de La Recherche Scientique (INRS-EMT), University of Quebec, 800 rue de la Gauchetière O, Montreal, QC H5A-1K6 Canada
| | - Alcyr A. Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, CEP 90.050-170 Brazil
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Alalyan MJ, Alkahtani SA, Habib SS, Flatt AA. Suitability of Ultra-Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Military Trainees. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:E409. [PMID: 33080808 PMCID: PMC7711890 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to (a) evaluate the agreement between ultra-short-term and criterion resting heart rate variability (HRV) measures in military trainees, and (b) compare associations between HRV recording lengths and body composition. HRV recordings were performed for 10 min in 27 military male students. Mean RR interval, the root-mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), RMSSD:RR interval ratio, standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN), and SDNN:RR interval ratio were determined from the last 5 min of the 10-min recording and considered the criterion. Parameters were also recorded in successive 1-min epochs from the 5-min stabilization period. No differences were observed between criterion values and any of the 1-min epochs (p > 0.05). Effect sizes ranged from -0.36-0.35. Intra-class correlations ranged from 0.83-0.99. Limits of agreement ranged from 38.3-78.4 ms for RR interval, 18.8-30.0 ms for RMSSD, 1.9-3.1 for RMSSD:RR, 24.1-31.4 ms for SDNN, and 2.5-3.0 for SDNN:RR. Body fat% was associated (p < 0.05) with all HRV parameters at varying time segments. A 1-min HRV recording preceded by a 1-min stabilization period seems to be a suitable alternative to criterion measures. Ultra-short procedures may facilitate routine HRV tracking in tactical populations for status-monitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubarak J. Alalyan
- King Fahd Security College, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaea A. Alkahtani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Andrew A. Flatt
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University—Armstrong, Savannah, GA 31419, USA
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Deng W, Hu D, Xu S, Liu X, Zhao J, Chen Q, Liu J, Zhang Z, Jiang W, Ma L, Hong X, Cheng S, Liu B, Li X. The efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for PTSD symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2019; 257:698-709. [PMID: 31382122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) for PTSD is an emerging treatment of remarkable promise, but its efficacy and safety are still unclear. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of VRET for individuals with PTSD, and to identify the potential moderating variables associated with interventions. METHODS Literature search was conducted via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, Science Direct, and EBSCO. We identified 18 studies on PTSD including 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs; 654 participants) and 5 single-group trials (60 participants). RESULTS The main effects analysis showed a moderate effect size (g = 0.327, 95% CI: 0.105-0.550, p<0.01) for VRET compared to control conditions on PTSD symptoms. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effects of VRET were larger when compared to inactive groups (g = 0.567) than active control groups (g = 0.017). This finding was in agreement with depressive symptoms. A dose-response relationship existed with more VRET sessions showing larger effects. There was a long-range effect of VRET on PTSD symptoms indicating a sustained decrease in PTSD symptoms at 3-month follow-up (g = 0.697) and 6-month follow-up (g = 0.848). The single-group trials analysis revealed that the VRET intervention had a significant effect on PTSD. LIMITATIONS Many of the combat-related PTSD subjects resulted in uncertainty regarding meta-analytical estimates and subsequent conclusions. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that VRET could produce significant PTSD symptoms reduction and supported its application in treating PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Deng
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Die Hu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jiayuan Liu
- Department of Medical Anesthesia, the First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Anesthesia, the First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Wenxiu Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Stomatology College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, Anhui 246133, China
| | - Xinyi Hong
- Department of Clinical Medical, the First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shengrong Cheng
- Department of Clinical Medical, the First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Boya Liu
- Department of Clinical Medical, the First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Jackson T, Morgan J, Jackson D, Cook T, McLean K, Agrawal V, Taubman K, Kumar G, Truitt MS. Trends in Surgeon Wellness (Take a Sad Song and Make it Better): A Comparison of Surgical Residents, Fellows, and Attendings. Am Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481908500620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We aim to investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), physician burnout (PBO), and work–life balance (WLB) among surgical residents, fellows, and attendings to illustrate the trends in surgeon wellness. A cross-sectional national survey of surgical residents, fellows, and attendings was conducted screening for PTSD, PBO, and WLB. The prevalence of screening positive for PTSD was more than two times that of the general population at all levels of experience, and more than half have an unhealthy WLB. The prevalence of PTSD, PBO, and unhealthy WLB declined with increasing level of experience ( P < 0.001). One deviation in this trend was a lower prevalence of PBO among surgical fellows compared with residents and attendings ( P < 0.001). Surgeon wellness improved with increasing level of experience. The incorporation of wellness programs into surgical residencies is essential to the professional development of young surgeons to cultivate healthy lasting habits for a well-balanced career and life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Jackson
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Jake Morgan
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Diane Jackson
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Taylor Cook
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kevin McLean
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | - Kevin Taubman
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Gajal Kumar
- Saint John Medical Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma; and
| | - Michael S. Truitt
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Methodist Dallas Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Kizakevich PN, Eckhoff R, Brown J, Tueller SJ, Weimer B, Bell S, Weeks A, Hourani LL, Spira JL, King LA. PHIT for Duty, a Mobile Application for Stress Reduction, Sleep Improvement, and Alcohol Moderation. Mil Med 2019; 183:353-363. [PMID: 29635566 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usx157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress and other problems often occur after combat, deployment, and other military operations. Because techniques such as mindfulness meditation show efficacy in improving mental health, our team developed a mobile application (app) for individuals in the armed forces with subclinical psychological problems as secondary prevention of more significant disease. Based on the Personal Health Intervention Toolkit (PHIT), a mobile app framework for personalized health intervention studies, PHIT for Duty integrates mindfulness-based relaxation, behavioral education in sleep quality and alcohol use, and psychometric and psychophysiological data capture. We evaluated PHIT for Duty in usability and health assessment studies to establish app quality for use in health research. Participants (N = 31) rated usability on a 1 (very hard) to 5 (very easy) scale and also completed the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire (N = 9). Results were (mean ± SD) overall (4.5 ± 0.6), self-report instruments (4.5 ± 0.7), pulse sensor (3.7 ± 1.2), sleep monitor (4.4 ± 0.7), sleep monitor comfort (3.7 ± 1.1), and wrist actigraphy comfort (2.7 ± 0.9). The average SUS score was 85 ± 12, indicating a rank of 95%. A comparison of PHIT-based assessments to traditional paper forms demonstrated a high overall correlation (r = 0.87). These evaluations of usability, health assessment accuracy, physiological sensing, system acceptability, and overall functionality have shown positive results and affirmation for using the PHIT framework and PHIT for Duty application in mobile health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Kizakevich
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - Randall Eckhoff
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - Janice Brown
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - Stephen J Tueller
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - Belinda Weimer
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - Stacey Bell
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - Adam Weeks
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - Laurel L Hourani
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713
| | - James L Spira
- VA Pacific Islands Health Care System, 459 Patterson Rd, Honolulu, HI 96819.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii, 356 Lusitana Street, 4th Floor, Honolulu, HI 96813
| | - Laurel A King
- VA Pacific Islands Health Care System, 459 Patterson Rd, Honolulu, HI 96819.,Pacific Health Research & Education Institute, 846S Hotel St Ste 301, Honolulu, HI 96813
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Mughairbi FA, Abdulaziz Alnajjar A, Hamid A. Effects of Psychoeducation and Stress Coping Techniques on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:710-724. [PMID: 30760172 DOI: 10.1177/0033294118825101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of psychoeducation and stress management techniques on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms in Libya. The 41 Libyan patients who volunteered to take part in the study were first assessed using the PTSD Checklist. They attended workshops on PTSD symptoms, stress management techniques, and communication skills on three successive days after which they were asked to answer the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations two weeks after they completed the workshops. Among the 39% of the participants who were diagnosed with PTSD prior to the intervention, 15% met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD after the intervention. The preintervention scores were consistently higher than the postintervention scores, and there were significant differences in the PTSD Checklist total score and the re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptom scores. This study concluded that in mass-trauma events such as war and natural disasters, PTSD education can reduce the PTSD symptoms of those affected. Whether the benefits of psychoeducation on the participants are long term or short term is recommended for further study due to the limitations imposed by the willingness of the participants to participate, the amount of time they are willing to stay with the program, and the duration of the psychoeducation program itself.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdalla Hamid
- United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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11
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PTSD and surgical residents: Everybody hurts… sometimes. Am J Surg 2017; 214:1118-1124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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