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Nasiri MA, Sajadi SA, Farsi Z, Heidarieh M. The effect of mandala coloring and free coloring on the happiness in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder in the Covid-19 pandemic: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:467. [PMID: 38918742 PMCID: PMC11197346 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can lead to complications such as depression and grief, which are more prevalent in veterans than in the general population. Recently, art-making, including mandala coloring, has gained attention as a potential treatment for PTSD patients. METHODS This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 84 male veterans diagnosed with PTSD and hospitalized at the Milad Psychiatric Center in Tehran, Iran. The patients were recruited using a convenience sampling method and were assigned to either the mandala coloring group or the free coloring group. The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist DSM-5 and the Oxford Happiness Scale were used to collect data. The intervention group colored mandala designs, while the control group colored squares freely. Coloring was done twice a week for three weeks. RESULTS The mean baseline happiness scores did not differ significantly between mandala coloring group and free coloring group (p = 0.376). However, at the end of study, happiness scores were significantly higher in mandala coloring group than in free coloring group (p < 0.001). After the intervention, happiness score of both groups increased significantly (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Both coloring methods increased veterans' happiness scores; however, mandala coloring was more effective than free coloring. It is recommended that art-making be added to conventional treatments for veterans with PTSD. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in Iranian Registry of clinical trials (No. IRCT20210604051491N1, 29/08/2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Amin Nasiri
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Nursing School, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Azam Sajadi
- Nursing Management Department, Nursing School, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Farsi
- Medical-Surgical Nursing, Research and Ph.D. Nursing Departments, Nursing School, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzie Heidarieh
- MSc, Clinical Psychology, Psychology Department, Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang X, Yan W, Xu C, Yang A, Shen Z, Guo X. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy approach to the emotional regulation effect of drawing: Venting versus distraction. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3248. [PMID: 37700566 PMCID: PMC10636421 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drawing can regulate emotions through venting or distraction. Distraction is more helpful for short-term emotion recovery; however, the sustainability of this difference is yet to be clarified. This study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to explore potential differences between venting and distraction. METHODS A total of 44 college students participated in the experiment. After inducing fear by video, they were divided into two groups: The venting group drew their emotional experience, and the distraction group drew a house. Subsequently, the participants were instructed to relax by a brief video. RESULTS Although the distraction group had a higher valence than the venting group at the end of the drawing activity, there was no difference between the two groups after a relaxation period. Additionally, the activation pattern of the prefrontal cortex differed between the two groups. Compared to the distraction group, the venting group had fewer channels with elevated prefrontal activity during drawing, suggesting less cognitive control, and had more channels with reduced prefrontal activity during relaxation, suggesting a higher level of relaxation. Drawing coding and fNIRS data were both associated with variations in valence. CONCLUSION The less the cognitive control over emotion and the more free the expression of emotion during drawing, the higher the increase in valence; inversely, the more the cognitive control over emotion and the less free the expression of emotion, the lower the increase in valence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Zhang
- School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenhua Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Aiping Yang
- School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zihan Shen
- School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinwei Guo
- School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
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3
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Le Rhun A, Caillet P, Lebeaupin M, Duval M, Guilmault L, Anthoine E, Borghi G, Leclère B, Moret L. Mind-body and art therapies impact on emotional regulation in patients with chronic diseases: a pragmatic mixed-methods randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:344. [PMID: 37770881 PMCID: PMC10536705 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective emotional regulation is recognized as essential to a good mental health of people with chronic diseases, and Mind-body and Art Therapies (MBATs) could have a positive effect on emotional regulation skills in this population. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of MBATs on emotional regulation as measured by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) questionnaire. METHODS A convergent mixed approach nested in a pragmatic superiority two arms parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted. French speaking adults with one or more chronic somatic illnesses and not suffering from a chronic psychiatric disorder unrelated to one of their chronic somatic illness were included. At inclusion, non-directive interviews were conducted, followed by an initial DERS assessment. The same combination of evaluation was implemented after 6 months of activity (T1). After inclusion, each participant was randomized within either the intervention group (G1) or the control group (G2) following a controlled wait-list design by use of a pregenerated randomization list. Staff and patient were blinded to this list until the initial evaluation was completed, after which the trial was conducted in an open-label fashion. Participants chose 2 mediations: one creativity-focused (art-therapy, writing workshop, theatre of life, vocal workshop) and one mind-body-focused (mindfulness meditation, Pilates, shiatsu, ayurvedic massages). G1 started their mediations immediately after inclusion, while G2 started 6 months later. Primary outcome was the change in means at 6 months in the overall DERS score compared between each group. Non-directive interviews were carried out at the inclusion and after 6 months of MBATs. A continuous inductive analysis was carried out on gathered material in G1 to explore the participants' experiences regarding their disease and their perceived changes associated to the intervention. RESULTS A total of 150 patients was randomized (75 per groups) at the end of the study. At T1, 133 patients filled out the final questionnaire (67 in G1 vs 66 in G2) and 112 interviews were analysed (54 in G1 vs 58 in G2). All 150 patients were analysed (intention to treat) using a multiple imputation approach. The mean DERS score at T0 was equal to 82.8 ± 21.1 and 85.0 ± 20.2 in G1 and G2 respectively. On average, at T1, the score decreased in the G1 (Δ = -4.8, SD = 21.3) and in G2 (Δ = -0.11, SD = 17.8). The difference in decrease, however, was not statistically significant (p = 0.13). Qualitative analysis underlined some MBATs benefits on emotional regulation, especially on regulation strategies. No harms related to the intervention has been observed. CONCLUSIONS This study only partially supports benefits on MBAT on emotional regulation skills enhancement in patients with chronic disease receiving MBATs, as measured by the DERS scale. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol was registered on Clinical Trials (NCT02911207).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Le Rhun
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - P Caillet
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - M Lebeaupin
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - M Duval
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - L Guilmault
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - E Anthoine
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - G Borghi
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - B Leclère
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - L Moret
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Santé Publique, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, MethodS in Patients-Centered Outcomes and HEalth Research, SPHERE, 44000, Nantes, France.
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Oepen R, Gruber H. Art-based interventions and art therapy to promote health of migrant populations - a systematic literature review of current research. Arts Health 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37667588 DOI: 10.1080/17533015.2023.2252003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review aims to identify and analyse studies on art-based interventions and art therapy that are intended to promote better physical, mental and social health outcomes in culturally and linguistically diverse migrant populations. METHOD A systematic literature review was used to address the following questions: 1) What published studies over the past five years examined health outcomes? 2) What are the identifying characteristics of the studies? 3) What kinds of effect did these studies describe? 4) What implications do the findings have for future research in this field? RESULTS Art-based interventions and art therapy can significantly reduce traumatic stress symptoms and anxiety, enhance well-being by giving people greater life satisfaction and hope, and improve the social behaviour of children and adolescents. CONCLUSION In order to address humanitarian concerns in this field, researchers may apply innovative approaches to engage people from a refugee background in meaningful reflections on their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Oepen
- Department of Art Therapies and Therapeutic Science, Alanus University of Arts and Social Sciences, Alfter/Bonn, Germany
| | - Harald Gruber
- Department of Art Therapies and Therapeutic Science, Alanus University of Arts and Social Sciences, Alfter/Bonn, Germany
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Lee M, Choi H. Art-based emotion regulation in major depression: Framework for intervention. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2023.102018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Świątek AH, Szcześniak M. The Ability to Integrate Beauty Scale (AIBS): Construction and Psychometric Properties on a Scale for Measuring Aesthetic Intelligence as a Resource for Personal Development. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:1647-1662. [PMID: 37169003 PMCID: PMC10164653 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s407553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ferrucci, a philosopher and psychotherapist, presented an original three-factor aesthetic intelligence concept in his book "Beauty and Soul" (2009). The subject of this article is the presentation of work on the construction of a scale for measuring one of the three dimensions of aesthetic intelligence, the ability to integrate beauty (AIB). This is probably the first attempt to empirically operationalize this concept. Methods The three independent studies were carried out with a total of 604 participants. The aim of the first study was to develop the AIBS scale and to test its factor structure. During Study 2 and Study 3, we verified the AIBS structure through the confirmatory analysis and checked its convergent and discriminant validity. Results The outcomes indicate that a one-factor, and seven-item tool is characterized by very good psychometric properties. Moreover, the results suggest that the AIB is indeed positively related to the perception of artworks (6 dimensions of an aesthetic experience), regulation of emotions through artistic creative activities, as well as to aesthetic competencies in art. The AIB is indeed positively related to the greater intensity of light triad traits (humanism, kantianism, faith in humanity) and to the development of the individual in five areas of spirituality. AIB is also only slightly related to the search for meaning and to one dimension of well-being, which is satisfaction and the sense of power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Hiacynta Świątek
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szcześniak
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: Małgorzata Szcześniak, Email
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Bosgraaf L, Spreen M, Pattiselanno K, van Hooren S. Measurement and development of art therapeutic actions in the treatment of children and adolescents with psychosocial problems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ART THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17454832.2022.2127815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Bosgraaf
- Faculty of Healthcare and Social Work, NHLStenden, University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
- Alliade, Care Group, Heerenveen, Netherlands
- KenVaK, Research Centre for Arts Therapies, Heerlen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Marinus Spreen
- Faculty of Healthcare and Social Work, NHLStenden, University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | - Kim Pattiselanno
- Faculty of Healthcare and Social Work, NHLStenden, University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | - Susan van Hooren
- KenVaK, Research Centre for Arts Therapies, Heerlen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, Netherlands
- Zuyd, Faculty of Healthcare, University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, Netherlands
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Exploring Change in Children’s and Art Therapists’ Behavior during ‘Images of Self’, an Art Therapy Program for Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Repeated Case Study Design. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9071036. [PMID: 35884019 PMCID: PMC9316469 DOI: 10.3390/children9071036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: ‘Images of Self’ (IOS) is a recently developed and evaluated art therapy program of 15 sessions to reduce difficulties in ‘sense of self’, ‘emotion regulation’, ‘flexibility’, and ‘social behavior’ of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). In this paper, it is explored whether change in the child’s behaviors corresponds to the therapist’s actions during IOS and 15 weeks later. (2) Method: In a repeated case study design, twelve children and seven therapists participated. Art therapists monitored their own and the children’s behavior by applying two observation instruments: the OAT (Observation of a child with autism in Art Therapy) and EAT (Evaluation of Art Therapist’s behavior when working with a child with autism). Child behaviors during art making were—individually and as a group—compared with therapist’s actions at three moments during the program. (3) Results: Ten of twelve children showed a substantial or moderate positive behavior change considering all OAT subscales at the end of the program and 15 weeks after treatment. Improvement of ‘social behavior’ stood out. Halfway treatment art therapists most prominently showed support of ‘emotion regulation’, ‘flexibility’, and ‘social behavior’. Clear one-on-one relationships between changes in children’s behavior and actions of therapists could not be identified. (4) Conclusion: The study provides new insights in the AT treatment process by monitoring children’s and therapists’ behavior. The art making itself and the art therapy triangle (child, art making, therapist) offer opportunities to improve verbal and nonverbal communication skills of the child.
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Schubert E. A Special Class of Experience: Positive Affect Evoked by Music and the Arts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084735. [PMID: 35457603 PMCID: PMC9024998 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A positive experience in response to a piece of music or a work of art (hence ‘music/art’) has been linked to health and wellbeing outcomes but can often be reported as indescribable (ineffable), creating challenges for research. What do these positive experiences feel like, beyond ‘positive’? How are loved works that evoke profoundly negative emotions explained? To address these questions, two simultaneously occurring classes of experience are proposed: the ‘emotion class’ of experience (ECE) and the positive ‘affect class’ of experience (PACE). ECE consists of conventional, discrete, and communicable emotions with a reasonably well-established lexicon. PACE relates to a more private world of prototypical aesthetic emotions and experiences investigated in positive psychology. After a review of the literature, this paper proposes that PACE consists of physical correlates (tears, racing heart…) and varied amounts of ‘hedonic tone’ (HT), which range from shallow, personal leanings (preference, liking, attraction, etc.) to deep ones that include awe, being-moved, thrills, and wonder. PACE is a separate, simultaneously activated class of experience to ECE. The approach resolves long-standing debates about powerful, positive experiences taking place during negative emotion evocation by music/art. A list of possible terms for describing PACE is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emery Schubert
- Empirical Musicology Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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10
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Yan W, Zhang M, Liu Y. Regulatory effect of drawing on negative emotion: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2021.101780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Changes in general self-efficacy and mindfulness are associated with short-term improvements in mood during art-making in a partial hospital program. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2021.101799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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González-Zamar MD, Abad-Segura E. Emotional Creativity in Art Education: An Exploratory Analysis and Research Trends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126209. [PMID: 34201236 PMCID: PMC8228285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The emotions that human beings experience have a key role in the environments in which they operate. In art education, creative processes are influenced by the emotions and experiences lived by the individual, enabling a more emotional and creative design to make life more pleasant. The aim was to examine the research during the period 1917–2020 on the development of emotional creativity in art education. Mathematical and statistical techniques were applied to 984 articles carried from Elsevier’s Scopus database. The findings yielded data on the scientific productivity of the journal, authors, research institutions, and countries/territories that promoted this field. The data showed an exponential trend, mostly in the last decade. Five lines of research stand out: emotion, higher education, education, art, and leadership. Moreover, five future research directions related to visual art education, affective paradigm, metacompetency, expressive arts therapy group, and cognitive empathy were detected. This study establishes the link between psychology, neuroscience, and artistic education to constitute the decision-making of the promoters of this topic of research. The analysis of international research allowed us to focus the future publications of academics and researchers, in addition to guaranteeing an adequate approach to the objectives of the institutions and funding centers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilio Abad-Segura
- Department of Economics and Business, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.-D.G.-Z.); (E.A.-S.)
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Havsteen-Franklin D, Oley M, Sellors SJ, Eagles D. Drawing on Dialogues in Arts-Based Dynamic Interpersonal Therapy (ADIT) for Complex Depression: A Complex Intervention Development Study Using the Medical Research Council (UK) Phased Guidance. Front Psychol 2021; 12:588661. [PMID: 33679511 PMCID: PMC7930381 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.588661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this paper is to present the development and evaluation of an art psychotherapy brief treatment method for complex depression for patients referred to mental health services. Background: Art Psychotherapy literature describes a range of processes of relational change through the use of arts focused and relationship focused interventions. Complex depression has a prevalence of 3% of the population in the West and it is recorded that in 2016 only 28% of that population were receiving psychological treatment. This study was developed to test the hypothesis of whether an accessible and acceptable approach to the treatment of complex depression could be developed in relation to existing evidence-based practice within mental health services. Method: The United Kingdom Medical Research Council phased guidance for complex intervention development was used (Phases I and II) to develop the intervention. The process included producing a literature overview, systematic description of clinical practice, including a logic model and a clinical protocol. The art psychotherapy protocol described an arts-based dynamic interpersonal therapy approach (ADIT), offered 1:1 over 24 sessions. Further to this the intervention was tested for referrer acceptability. The intervention is in the early stages of evaluation, using changes to the patient's depression and anxiety measured pre- and post-treatment with a follow-up measure at 3 months following completion of treatment. Results: Phase I of the study provided a good basis for developing a logic model and protocol. The authors found that there was good clinical consensus about the use of a structured clinical art psychotherapy method (ADIT) and the literature overview was used to support specific examples of good practice. The verification of clinical coherence was represented by a logic model and clinical protocol for delivering the intervention. The acceptability study demonstrated very high levels of acceptability for referrers reporting that (i) ADIT was acceptable for patients with complex/major depression, (ii) that they were likely to refer to ADIT in the future (iii) that the use of arts was likely to improve accessibility (iv) the use of arts was likely to improve outcomes and (v) that offering ADIT was an effective use of mental health resources. Discussion: Phase I of this intervention development study (following MRC guidance) demonstrated theoretical and practice coherence resulting in a clinical protocol and logic model. Whilst Phase II of this study showed promising results, Phase II would need to be sufficiently scaled up to a full trial to further test the intervention and protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Havsteen-Franklin
- Mental Health Services, CNWL NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Oley
- Mental Health Services, CNWL NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jane Sellors
- Mental Health Services, CNWL NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diane Eagles
- Mental Health Services, CNWL NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Liu C, Chen H, Liu CY, Lin RT, Chiou WK. Cooperative and Individual Mandala Drawing Have Different Effects on Mindfulness, Spirituality, and Subjective Well-Being. Front Psychol 2020; 11:564430. [PMID: 33162908 PMCID: PMC7581735 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.564430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandala drawing was first practiced by Tibetan buddhists and then developed by Carl Gustav Jung, who felt certain that mandala drawing has the function of integrating psychological division, enhancing psychological harmony, and preserving personality integrity. Previous studies on mandala drawing have mainly focused on alleviating people’s negative emotions, such as anxiety and depression. Therefore, this study explored the effect and mechanism of mandala drawing on the improvement of subjective well-being (SWB), mindfulness, and spirituality from positive psychology’s viewpoint and compared the different effects of cooperative mandala drawing (CMD) and individual mandala drawing (IMD) on mindfulness, spirituality, and SWB. A total of 76 students were recruited from Chang Gung University, and the aforementioned three main variables were measured before and after the coloring experiment. The results indicated that both CMD and IMD significantly enhanced the subjects’ spirituality. Compared with IMD, CMD has a more significant improvement and promotion effect on SWB of subjects by affecting PA, while IMD had no significant effect on PA, and the enhancement effect of SWB was weaker than that of CMD. Mindfulness, spirituality, and SWB all positively correlated with each other. This study highlights the mechanism of mandala drawing and the theoretical understanding of the relationship between mindfulness and SWB. Mandala drawing especially CMD has a positive effect on spirituality and SWB, which may provide individuals with a simple and easy method to improve their happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- College of Aviation, Hua Qiao University, Xiamen, China.,Graduate Institute of Business and Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business and Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rung-Tai Lin
- Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ko Chiou
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Industrial Design, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Haeyen S, Heijman J. Compassion Focused Art Therapy for people diagnosed with a cluster B/C personality disorder: An intervention mapping study. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2020.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Exploring the Effects of Guided vs. Unguided Art Therapy Methods. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020; 10:bs10030065. [PMID: 32156095 PMCID: PMC7139608 DOI: 10.3390/bs10030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Art therapy has become known by its psychosocial and affective impact, but not so much by its effects on cognitive functioning. Based on a comparison between art therapy and music-making programs, we hypothesized that guided methods—dominant in music-making programs and characterized by an emphasis on execution (play the piece, produce the visual object) rather than ideation (conceive the visual object)—could boost the cognitive effects of art-making. We also hypothesized that removing ideation from the process with guided methods could decrease psychosocial/affective benefits. In order to test our hypotheses, we compared the effects of two art therapy methods on cognitive vs. psychosocial/affective domains. We implemented a short-term longitudinal study with patients with schizophrenia showing both psychosocial/affective and cognitive deficits. The sample was divided into two groups: unguided, instructed to ideate art pieces and execute them without external guidance, vs. guided, instructed to execute predefined art pieces following externally provided guidelines. There was no evidence that guided methods boost cognitive effects, since these were equivalent across groups. However, psychosocial/affective benefits were enhanced by unguided methods, suggesting that therapeutic methods can make a difference. Our study contributes to raising important new questions concerning the therapeutic mechanisms of art therapy.
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Helou Chesnot O, Chidiac N. La médiation argile : une thérapie innovante dans le traitement du traumatisme et du post-traumatisme. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abbing A, Baars EW, de Sonneville L, Ponstein AS, Swaab H. The Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1203. [PMID: 31191400 PMCID: PMC6549595 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Art therapy (AT) as a treatment option for anxiety is regularly employed in clinical practice, but scientific evidence for its effectiveness is lacking, since this intervention has hardly been studied. The aim was to study the effectiveness of AT on anxiety in adult women. The specific type of AT studied was anthroposophic AT. METHODS A RCT comparing AT versus a waiting list (WL) condition on anxiety symptom severity, quality of life, and emotion regulation. Factors influencing treatment outcome were additionally explored. Participants were women, aged 18-65 years, diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder or panic disorder, with moderate to severe anxiety symptoms. The trial was registered in the Dutch Trial Registration (NTR28143). RESULTS Fifty-nine women were included, of which 47 completed the trial. Both per-protocol and intention-to treat analyses demonstrated effectiveness of AT compared to WL, showing a reduction in anxiety, an increase in subjective quality of life (both with large effects) and an improvement in accessibility of emotion regulation strategies (medium effect). Treatment effects remained after 3 months follow-up. Improved acceptance of emotions and improved goal-oriented action are aspects of emotion regulation that are associated with the decrease in anxiety level. CONCLUSION AT is effective in reducing anxiety symptoms, improving quality of life and aspects of emotion regulation. Future RCTs should use active controls (treatment as usual) and study cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Abbing
- Faculty of Health, University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
- Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Erik W. Baars
- Faculty of Health, University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Leo de Sonneville
- Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute of Brain and Cognition, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anne S. Ponstein
- Faculty of Health, University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hanna Swaab
- Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Institute of Brain and Cognition, Leiden, Netherlands
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A thematic synthesis of therapeutic actions in arts therapies and their perceived effects in the treatment of people with a diagnosis of Cluster B personality disorder. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Abbing A, Ponstein A, van Hooren S, de Sonneville L, Swaab H, Baars E. The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208716. [PMID: 30557381 PMCID: PMC6296656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety disorders are one of the most diagnosed mental health disorders. Common treatment consists of cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy. In clinical practice, also art therapy is additionally provided to patients with anxiety (disorders), among others because treatment as usual is not sufficiently effective for a large group of patients. There is no clarity on the effectiveness of art therapy (AT) on the reduction of anxiety symptoms in adults and there is no overview of the intervention characteristics and working mechanisms. Methods A systematic review of (non-)randomised controlled trials on AT for anxiety in adults to evaluate the effects on anxiety symptom severity and to explore intervention characteristics, benefitting populations and working mechanisms. Thirteen databases and two journals were searched for the period 1997 –October 2017. The study was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42017080733) and performed according to the Cochrane recommendations. PRISMA Guidelines were used for reporting. Results Only three publications out of 776 hits from the search fulfilled the inclusion criteria: three RCTs with 162 patients in total. All studies have a high risk of bias. Study populations were: students with PTSD symptoms, students with exam anxiety and prisoners with prelease anxiety. Visual art techniques varied: trauma-related mandala design, collage making, free painting, clay work, still life drawing and house-tree-person drawing. There is some evidence of effectiveness of AT for pre-exam anxiety in undergraduate students. AT is possibly effective in reducing pre-release anxiety in prisoners. The AT characteristics varied and narrative synthesis led to hypothesized working mechanisms of AT: induce relaxation; gain access to unconscious traumatic memories, thereby creating possibilities to investigate cognitions; and improve emotion regulation. Conclusions Effectiveness of AT on anxiety has hardly been studied, so no strong conclusions can be drawn. This emphasizes the need for high quality trials studying the effectiveness of AT on anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Abbing
- Faculty of Health, University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Anne Ponstein
- Faculty of Health, University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
- KenVak, Research Centre for the Arts Therapies, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Susan van Hooren
- KenVak, Research Centre for the Arts Therapies, Heerlen, The Netherlands
- Centre for the Arts Therapies, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo de Sonneville
- Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna Swaab
- Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Baars
- Faculty of Health, University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
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