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Parenti M, Slupsky CM. Disrupted Prenatal Metabolism May Explain the Etiology of Suboptimal Neurodevelopment: A Focus on Phthalates and Micronutrients and their Relationship to Autism Spectrum Disorder. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100279. [PMID: 39059765 PMCID: PMC11375317 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a time of high metabolic coordination, as maternal metabolism adapts to support the growing fetus. Many of these changes are coordinated by the placenta, a critical fetal endocrine organ and the site of maternal-fetal crosstalk. Dysregulation in maternal and placental metabolism during pregnancy has been linked to adverse outcomes, including altered neurodevelopment. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder linked to metabolic alterations in both children and their mothers. Prenatal environmental exposures have been linked to risk of ASD through dysregulated maternal, placental, and fetal metabolism. In this review, we focus on recent studies investigating the associations between prenatal metabolism in the maternal-placental-fetal unit and the impact of prenatal environmental exposures to phthalates and micronutrients on ASD risk. By identifying the mechanisms through which phthalates and other ubiquitous endocrine disrupting chemicals influence development, and how nutritional interventions can impact those mechanisms, we can identify promising ways to prevent suboptimal neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Parenti
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
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Zhao R, Wang X, Liu H, Wang S, Zhou L, Cui N, Guo S, Xiong G, Yang X, Xiong T, Hao L. Effect of Dietary Protein Intake from Different Sources on Maternal and Umbilical Cord Plasma Amino Acid Levels. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2200891. [PMID: 38327156 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE To assess the associations of dietary protein intake from different sources during pregnancy with maternal and umbilical cord plasma amino acid levels. METHODS AND RESULTS The study includes 216 pregnant women and 39 newborns from the Tongji Birth Cohort in Wuhan, China. The study examines the levels of 21 amino acids in maternal and cord plasma samples using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A significant positive relationship is observed between dietary protein intake from refined grains and maternal plasma cysteine levels. Dietary protein intake from dairy products is positively associated with maternal plasma levels of sulfur amino acid (mainly cystine), but negatively associated with maternal plasma levels of glutamic acid. In addition, the study observes that pre-pregnancy body mass index and parity may be potential determinants of maternal plasma amino acid levels, whereas a history of passive smoking during pregnancy is an important factor influencing cord plasma amino acid levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dietary protein intakes from specific sources during pregnancy may affect maternal plasma levels of amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xinzheng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Hongjuan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Leilei Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ningning Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Guoping Xiong
- The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430014, China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ting Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Liping Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
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