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Blazevic N, Rogic D, Pelajic S, Miler M, Glavcic G, Ratkajec V, Vrkljan N, Bakula D, Hrabar D, Pavic T. YKL-40 as a biomarker in various inflammatory diseases: A review. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2024; 34:010502. [PMID: 38125621 PMCID: PMC10731731 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2024.010502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
YKL-40 or Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a highly conserved glycoprotein that binds heparin and chitin in a non-enzymatic manner. It is a member of the chitinase protein family 18, subfamily A, and unlike true chitinases, YKL-40 is a chitinase-like protein without enzymatic activity for chitin. Although its accurate function is yet unknown, the pattern of its expression in the normal and disease states suggests its possible engagement in apoptosis, inflammation and remodeling or degradation of the extracellular matrix. During an inflammatory response, YKL-40 is involved in a complicated interaction between host and bacteria, both promoting and attenuating immune response and potentially being served as an autoantigen in a vicious circle of autoimmunity. Based on its pathophysiology and mechanism of action, the aim of this review was to summarize research on the growing role of YKL-40 as a persuasive biomarker for inflammatory diseases' early diagnosis, prediction and follow-up (e.g., cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrinological, immunological, musculoskeletal, neurological, respiratory, urinary, infectious) with detailed structural and functional background of YKL-40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Blazevic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Rogic
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stipe Pelajic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Miler
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Glavcic
- Department of Surgery, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valentina Ratkajec
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital Virovitica, Virovitica, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Vrkljan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intensive Care Unit, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dejan Bakula
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Hrabar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tajana Pavic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
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Lee JL, Wang YC, Hsu YA, Chen CS, Weng RC, Lu YP, Chuang CY, Wan L. Galectin-12 modulates Kupffer cell polarization to alter the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Glycobiology 2023; 33:673-682. [PMID: 37504513 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is caused by an imbalance in lipid metabolism and immune response to pose a risk factor for liver fibrosis. Recent evidence indicates that M2 macrophages secrete transforming growth factor-β1, which contributes to liver fibrosis. Galectin-12 has been demonstrated to regulate lipid metabolism and macrophage polarization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of galectin-12 in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and fibrosis. Liver tissue from wild-type C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet containing cholesterol and cholic acid for 4-12 weeks was used to examine galectin-12 expression and its correlation with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, the effects of galectin-12 on M2 macrophages during the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were investigated by studying Kupffer cells from galectin-12 knockout mice and doxycycline-inducible Gal12-/-THP-1 cells. Ablation of galectin-12 promoted M2 polarization of Kupffer cells, as indicated by higher levels of M2 markers, such as arginase I and chitinase 3-like protein 3. Furthermore, the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 was significantly higher in Gal12-/- macrophages activated by interleukin-4, which was correlated with higher levels of transforming growth factor-β1. Moreover, Gal12-/- macrophage-conditioned medium promoted hepatic stellate cells myofibroblast differentiation, which was indicated by higher α-smooth muscle actin expression levels compared with those treated with LacZ control medium. Finally, we demonstrated that galectin-12 knockdown negatively regulated the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 levels. These findings suggested that galectin-12 balances M1/M2 polarization of Kupffer cells to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Lin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chien Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Sheng Chen
- Division of Chinese Medicine, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 401, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medicine University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Cian Weng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Pei Lu
- National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Lei Wan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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Tonyan S, Pospelova M, Krasnikova V, Fionik O, Alekseeva T, Samochernykh K, Ivanova N, Vavilova T, Vasilieva E, Makhanova A, Nikolaeva A, Bukkieva T, Combs S, Shevtsov M. Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) as a Potential Biomarker of the Peripheral Nervous System Damage Following Breast Cancer Treatment. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2023; 30:110-122. [PMID: 37092524 PMCID: PMC10123681 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology30020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is a common complication of breast cancer (BC) treatment, with 60 to 80% of breast cancer survivors experiencing symptoms of PNS damage. In the current study, the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), galectin-3 (Gal-3), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) were measured in the blood serum of BC patients by ELISA as potential biomarkers that might indicate the PNS damage. Sixty-seven patients were enrolled in this multi-center trial and compared to the aged-matched healthy female volunteers (control group) (n = 25). Intergroup comparison of biomarker levels (i.e., Gal-3 and BDNF) did not show significant differences in any of the studied subgroups. However, intriguingly, NT-3 levels were significantly higher in BC patients as compared to healthy volunteers, constituting 14.85 [10.3; 18.0] and 5.74 [4.56; 13.7] pg/mL, respectively (p < 0.001). In conclusion, NT-3 might be employed as a potential biomarker in BC patients with clinical manifestations of PNS damage. However, further studies to validate its correlation to the degree of peripheral nervous system lesions are of high value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samvel Tonyan
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Pospelova
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Varvara Krasnikova
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Fionik
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana Alekseeva
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin Samochernykh
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nataliya Ivanova
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana Vavilova
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Vasilieva
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Albina Makhanova
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Nikolaeva
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana Bukkieva
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stephanie Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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What Is Hot and New in Basic and Translational Science in Liver Transplantation in 2022? Report of the Basic and Translational Research Committee of the International Liver Transplantation Society. Transplantation 2022; 107:808-814. [PMID: 36550624 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Cervantes-Alvarez E, Limon-de la Rosa N, Vilatoba M, Pérez-Monter C, Hurtado-Gomez S, Martinez-Cabrera C, Argemi J, Alatorre-Arenas E, Yarza-Regalado S, Tejeda-Dominguez F, Lizardo-Thiebaud MJ, Mendez-Guerrero O, Gamboa-Dominguez A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Huang CA, Kershenobich D, Bataller R, Torre A, Navarro-Alvarez N. Galectin-3 is overexpressed in advanced cirrhosis and predicts post-liver transplant infectious complications. Liver Int 2022; 42:2260-2273. [PMID: 35635536 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with advanced cirrhosis often have immune dysfunction and are more susceptible to infections. Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin implicated in inflammation, immune regulation and liver fibrosis. We aim to investigate galectin-3 expression in advanced cirrhosis and its ability to predict post-transplant infectious complications. METHODS We collected sera and liver samples from 129 cirrhotic patients at the time of liver transplantation and from an external cohort of 37 patients with alcoholic liver disease including alcoholic hepatitis (AH) at the time of diagnosis. Galectin-3 was assessed by ELISA, real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and RNA-seq. Receiver operating characteristic curves and Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis were performed to assess the predictive power of galectin-3 for disease severity and post-transplant infections. RESULTS Increased galectin-3 levels were found in advanced cirrhosis. Galectin-3 significantly correlated with disease severity parameters and inflammatory markers. Galectin-3 had significant discriminating power for compensated and advanced cirrhosis (AUC = 0.78/0.84, circulating/liver galectin-3; p < .01), and was even higher to discriminate severe AH (AUC = 0.95, p < .0001). Cox Proportional-hazard model showed that galectin-3, MELD-Na and the presence of SIRS predict the development of post-transplant infectious complications. Patients with circulating galectin-3 (>16.58 ng/ml) were at 2.19-fold 95% CI (1.12-4.29) increased risk, but when combined with MELD-Na > 20.0 and SIRS, the risk to develop post-transplant infectious complications, increased to 4.60, 95% CI (2.38-8.90). CONCLUSION Galectin-3 is a novel biological marker of active inflammation and disease severity that could be clinically useful alone or in combination with other scores to discriminate advanced cirrhosis and predict post-transplant infectious complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Cervantes-Alvarez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,PECEM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nathaly Limon-de la Rosa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Vilatoba
- Department of Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Pérez-Monter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sahara Hurtado-Gomez
- Department of Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Martinez-Cabrera
- Department of Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Josepmaria Argemi
- Center for Liver Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Liver Unit, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Hepatology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elisa Alatorre-Arenas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Susana Yarza-Regalado
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Osvely Mendez-Guerrero
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Gamboa-Dominguez
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christene A Huang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - David Kershenobich
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Center for Liver Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Liver Unit, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Hepatology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aldo Torre
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nalu Navarro-Alvarez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Universidad Panamericana School of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
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