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Suzuki Y, Usui H, Katayama E, Sato A, Nakamura N, Nakada E, Omoto A, Okayama J, Sato M, Nagasawa A, Hirosawa A, Shozu M, Koga K. Single-nucleotide polymorphism array and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis to decode the cytogenetic profile of atypical partial hydatidiform moles diagnosed by short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2024; 63:e23220. [PMID: 38780072 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of partial hydatidiform moles (PHMs) is crucial for improving outcomes of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The use of short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphism analysis to distinguish between PHM and hydropic abortuses is instrumental; however, its diagnostic power has not been comprehensively assessed. Herein, we evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of STR in differentiating between PHM and hydropic abortus, thus providing an opportunity for early measurement of human chorionic gonadotropin for PHMs. We reviewed charts of STR polymorphism analysis performed on fresh villous specimens and patient blood samples using a commercial kit for 16 loci. The genetic classification of 79 PHMs was confirmed. STR was reliable in differentiating PHMs when at least 15 loci were available. Typically, PHMs are characterized by their triploidy, including two paternal and one maternal haploid contribution. In our sample, seven PHMs lacked the three-allelic loci, requiring fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to investigate imbalanced biparental conceptus and single-nucleotide polymorphism array analysis to reveal cytogenetic details. Of these PHMs, two, three, and one were identified as androgenetic/biparental mosaics (diploids), monospermic diandric monogynic triploids, and a typical dispermic diandric monogynic triploid, respectively. The remaining case was monospermic origin, but its ploidy details could not be available. Therefore, STR differentiated PHM from a biparental diploid abortus in most cases. However, PHM diagnosis may be compromised when STR is used as the sole method for cases displaying distinct cytogenetic patterns lacking the three-allelic loci, including androgenetic/biparental mosaicism. Therefore, FISH should be considered to confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Usui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eri Katayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Asuka Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Natsuko Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Emiri Nakada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Omoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Okayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mika Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Nagasawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Hirosawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makio Shozu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Usui H. Auxiliary and experimental diagnostic techniques for hydatidiform moles. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2022; 48:3077-3086. [PMID: 36098274 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydatidiform moles are classified into complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs), which are androgenetic and diploid, and partial hydatidiform moles (PHM), which are triploid with two paternal chromosomes and one maternal chromosome. The incidence of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia differs substantially between CHM and PHM. However, they are occasionally difficult to diagnose. In this review, auxiliary and experimental methods based on cytogenetic features and advanced molecular detection techniques applied to the diagnosis and analysis of hydatidiform moles are summarized, including basic principles, characteristics, and clinical implications. Short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis is considered the gold standard for the genetic diagnosis of hydatidiform moles. In clinical settings, immunohistochemical analyses of p57KIP2 , an imprinted gene product, are widely used to differentiate CHMs from other conceptuses, including PHMs. Recently, new molecular genetic techniques, such as single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, have been applied to research on hydatidiform moles. In addition to insights from classical methods, such as chromosome analysis, recently developed approaches have yielded novel findings related to the mechanism underlying the development of androgenetic CHMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Usui
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Usui H, Nakabayashi K, Maehara K, Hata K, Shozu M. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis unveils the origin of heterozygous androgenetic complete moles. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12542. [PMID: 31467376 PMCID: PMC6715694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatidiform moles are abnormal pregnancies, which show trophoblastic hyperplasia. Most often, the nuclear genome in complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) is composed of only paternal chromosomes. Diploid androgenetic conceptuses can be divided into homozygous and heterozygous CHMs. Heterozygous CHMs originate from two sperms or a diploid sperm, the distinction of which has not been established. Here, we assessed the origin of heterozygous CHMs using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Thirteen heterozygous CHMs were analysed using B allele frequency (BAF) plotting to determine the centromeric zygosity status of all chromosomes. One case was from the duplication of a single sperm with an XY chromosome. In the other twelve cases, centromeric zygosity was random, i.e. mixed status. Thus, the twelve heterozygous CHMs were considered to be of dispermic origin but not diploid sperm origin. BAF plotting of SNP array can be a powerful tool to estimate the type of hydatidiform moles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Usui
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kayoko Maehara
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.,Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Makio Shozu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
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Gotoh M, Kaminuma O, Nakaya A, Katayama K, Watanabe N, Saeki M, Nishimura T, Kitamura N, Okubo K, Hiroi T. Involvement of taste receptors in the effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy. Allergol Int 2018. [PMID: 29523454 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Tahira T, Yahara K, Kukita Y, Higasa K, Kato K, Wake N, Hayashi K. A definitive haplotype map of structural variations determined by microarray analysis of duplicated haploid genomes. GENOMICS DATA 2014; 2:55-9. [PMID: 26484070 PMCID: PMC4535890 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) are tissues carrying duplicated haploid genomes derived from single sperms, and detecting copy number variations (CNVs) in CHMs is assumed to be sensitive and straightforward methods. We genotyped 108 CHM genomes using Affymetrix SNP 6.0 (GEO#: GSE18642) and Illumina 1 M-duo (GEO#: GSE54948). After quality control, we obtained 84 definitive haplotype consisting of 1.7 million SNPs and 2339 CNV regions. The results are presented in the database of our web site (http://orca.gen.kyushu-u.ac.jp/cgi-bin/gbrowse/humanBuild37D4_1/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Tahira
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Yahara
- Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoji Kukita
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan ; Research Institute, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Higasa
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan ; Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norio Wake
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenshi Hayashi
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Positive natural selection of TRIB2, a novel gene that influences visceral fat accumulation, in East Asia. Hum Genet 2012; 132:201-17. [PMID: 23108367 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-012-1240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of visceral fat increases cardiovascular mortality in industrialized societies. However, during the evolution of the modern human, visceral fat may have acted as energy storage facility to survive in times of famine. Therefore, past natural selection might contribute to shaping the variation of visceral fat accumulation in present populations. Here, we report that the gene encoding tribbles homolog 2 (TRIB2) influenced visceral fat accumulation and was operated by recent positive natural selection in East Asians. Our candidate gene association analysis on 11 metabolic traits of 5,810 East Asians revealed that rs1057001, a T/A transversion polymorphism in 3'untranslated region (UTR) of TRIB2, was strongly associated with visceral fat area (VFA) and waist circumference adjusted for body mass index (P = 2.7 × 10(-6) and P = 9.0 × 10(-6), respectively). rs1057001 was in absolute linkage disequilibrium with a conserved insertion-deletion polymorphism in the 3'UTR and was associated with allelic imbalance of TRIB2 transcript levels in adipose tissues. rs1057001 showed high degree of interpopulation variation of the allele frequency; the low-VFA-associated A allele was found with high frequencies in East Asians. Haplotypes containing the rs1057001 A allele exhibited a signature of a selective sweep, which may have occurred 16,546-27,827 years ago in East Asians. Given the predominance of the thrifty gene hypothesis, it is surprising that the apparently non-thrifty allele was selectively favored in the evolution of modern humans. Environmental/physiological factors other than famine would be needed to explain the non-neutral evolution of TRIB2 in East Asians.
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