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Esperança VJR, Moreira PIO, Chávez DWH, Freitas-Silva O. Evaluation of the safety and quality of Brazil nuts ( Bertholletia excelsa) using the tools of dna sequencing technology and aflatoxin profile. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1357778. [PMID: 38665301 PMCID: PMC11044678 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1357778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brazil nuts (BNs) result from sustainable extraction and are widely exploited in the Amazon region. Due to the production characteristics in the forest and the nutritional characteristics of these nuts, the occurrence of fungal contamination and the presence of aflatoxins are extensively discussed in the literature as a great aspect of interest and concern. This study aims to evaluate the microbial profile through DNA sequencing and amplification of 16S and ITS genes for bacterial and fungal analysis, respectively, and the presence of mycotoxins using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) from different fractions of the nuts processed. Methods The BN samples, harvest A (HA) and harvest B (HB), from two different harvests were collected in an extractive cooperative in the Amazon region for microbiological analysis (from DNA extraction and amplification of 16S genes, bacteria analysis, and ITS for fungi) and mycotoxins (aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) using HPLC-FD/KobraCell®. Results and discussion The samples showed a very different microbiome and aflatoxin profile. Genera such as Rothia (HA) and Cronobacter (HB) were abundant during the analysis of bacteria; as for fungi, the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Alternaria were also considered prevalent in these samples. Soil microorganisms, including those pathogenic and related to inadequate hygienic-sanitary production practices, as well as aflatoxins, were found in the samples. However, they were within the established limits permitted by Brazilian legislation. Nuts have a diverse microbiota and are not restricted to fungi of the genus Aspergillus. The microbiological and toxicological profile can vary significantly within the same nut in the same extraction region and can be exacerbated by global climate changes. Therefore, it is necessary to advance sanitary educational actions by applying good production practices and inspection programs to ensure the sustainability and quality of the BN production chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor J. R. Esperança
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (PPGAN/UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula I. O. Moreira
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (PPGAN/UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Davy W. H. Chávez
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Brazil
| | - Otniel Freitas-Silva
- Embrapa Food Technology, Office of Research and Development (Sector: Operational Units – Plan V), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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2
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Kritzinger RK, Molale-Tom LG, Olanrewaju OS, Bezuidenhout CC. Draft genome of heterotrophic bacteria Sphingomonas sp. 2R-10 isolated from water treatment plant in South Africa. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023; 12:e0043723. [PMID: 37584556 PMCID: PMC10508106 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00437-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of clean drinking water is crucial for human well-being, necessitating the monitoring and characterization of microorganisms in water sources. In this study, we present the draft genome of a heterotrophic bacterium, Sphingomonas sp. 2R-10, isolated from the untreated raw water of a drinking water source in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo K. Kritzinger
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Lesego G. Molale-Tom
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Oluwaseyi Samuel Olanrewaju
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Cornelius C. Bezuidenhout
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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3
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Zeynali Kelishomi F, Mohammadi F, Khakpoor M, Malekmohammadi R, Nikkhahi F. Isolation of Sphingomonas paucimobilis from an ocular infection and identification using ribosomal RNA gene: First case report from Iran. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7715. [PMID: 37476596 PMCID: PMC10354350 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Sphingomonas paucimobilis can cause infection in healthy people. As this bacterium is slow-growing, special attention should be paid to the timely diagnosis and control of its antibiotic resistance to prevent the spread of resistant strains. Abstract This study reports a case of ocular infection caused by Sphingomonas paucimobilis and its treatment with various antibiotics. A middle-aged woman with prolonged purulent eye discharge was admitted to an ophthalmology clinic in Qazvin, Iran. A strain of S. paucimobilis was isolated from the patient. The sample was identified by Sanger sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene, and an antibiogram test was performed to determine its resistance profile. The patient was treated with ceftazidime and levofloxacin eye drops. The bacterial culture was negative 18 days after starting ceftazidime and levofloxacin treatment. The antibiogram results showed that the isolated bacterium was resistant to aminoglycosides and colistin. This study highlights that S. paucimobilis can cause disease even in immunocompetent individuals. Due to the different resistance profiles of this bacterium, treatment should be based on antibiogram results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faezeh Mohammadi
- Medical Microbiology Research CenterQazvin University of Medical SciencesQazvinIran
| | - Mohaddeseh Khakpoor
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineQazvin University of Medical SciencesQazvinIran
| | | | - Farhad Nikkhahi
- Medical Microbiology Research CenterQazvin University of Medical SciencesQazvinIran
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4
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Sinha P, Mitra S, Bothra N, Ali MJ. Lacrimal Drainage Infections with Sphingomonas paucimobilis: Clinical Presentations, Complications and Outcomes. Curr Eye Res 2023; 48:605-610. [PMID: 36803078 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2183482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the clinical presentations, complications, and outcomes of Sphingomonas paucimobilis-specific lacrimal drainage infections. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all patients diagnosed with Sphingomonas paucimobilis lacrimal infections and managed at a tertiary care Dacryology Service from November 2015 to May 2022 over a 6.5-year period were recruited and analyzed. Data collected include demographic details, clinical presentation, microbiological diagnosis, antibiotic susceptibility profiles, management, complications, and outcomes. The microbiological techniques employed were aerobic and anaerobic cultures, phenotypic identification with VITEK 2R system, polymerase chain reaction, antibiotic sensitivity profile and minimal inhibitory concentration. RESULTS Twelve Sphingomonas-specific lacrimal drainage infections of 11 patients were identified. Of these five were canaliculitis and seven were acute dacryocystitis. All the seven acute dacryocystitis presented in an advanced stage; five were with lacrimal abscess and two with orbital cellulitis. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of canaliculitis and acute dacryocystitis were comparable and the organism was sensitive to several classes of antibiotics. The outcomes of punctal dilatation and nonincisional curettage were effective for canaliculitis. Patients with acute dacryocystitis had advanced clinical stage at presentation but responded well to intensive systemic management and had excellent anatomical and functional outcomes with dacryocystorhinostomy. CONCLUSION Sphingomonas-specific lacrimal sac infections can have aggressive clinical presentations and need early and intensive therapy. The outcomes are excellent with multimodal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Sinha
- Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanchita Mitra
- Jhaveri Microbiology Laboratory, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nandini Bothra
- Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohammad Javed Ali
- Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Calderón-Mesén P, Jaikel-Víquez D, Barrantes-Madrigal MD, Sánchez-Solís J, Mena-Vega JP, Arguedas-Molina J, Ureña-Alvarado K, Maynard-Hernández G, Santamaría-Montero L, Cob-Delgado M, Angulo-Pardo E, Vallejo F, Sandoval MI, Durán-Quesada AM, Redondo-Solano M, Herrera-Sancho OA. Multidisciplinary approach to the study of large-format oil paintings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2143. [PMID: 36750633 PMCID: PMC9905513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28777-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultural heritage has become a keystone for comprehending our society, as it represents and reflects our origins, passions, beliefs and traditions. Furthermore, it provides fundamental information about specific temporary spaces, materials' availability, technology, artist's intention, and site weather conditions. Our aim was to develop a multidisciplinary approach with a main focus on investigating two Italian large-format paintings located in highly diverse environments such as the National Theater of Costa Rica. We monitored environmental conditions and quantified fungal aerial spores. Then, we determined regions of possible biodeterioration with the software MicroorganismPattern and used the software PigmentArrangement to elucidate the apparent colour of the paintings based on distribution and arrangement of the pigment crystals. Finally, we characterized eight genera of calcareous nannofossils found in the ground layers of the artwork. The former Men's Canteen at the National Theater of Costa Rica presented a mean air temperature of 23.5 [Formula: see text]C, a relative humidity of 72.7% and a concentration of CO[Formula: see text] of 570 ppm. The fungal aerial concentration was 1776 spores/m[Formula: see text]. The software MicroorganismPattern identified 32 sampling regions, out of which 11 were positive for microbial contamination. The software PigmentArrangement determined that the blue crystals (ultramarine pigment) had the shortest distances between themselves (29 [Formula: see text]m). Finally, the nanofossils identified enabled us to restrict the age of the material to a biostratigraphic interval ranging from Coniacian to Maastricthian ages. By using a multidisciplinary approach we were able to explore the diptych, suggest a set of minimally invasive perspectives in tropical environments to be used worldwide and obtain key information about the artist's artistic process, materials used along with better understand its state of conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Calderón-Mesén
- Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - D Jaikel-Víquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - M D Barrantes-Madrigal
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - J Sánchez-Solís
- Escuela de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - J P Mena-Vega
- Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - J Arguedas-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - K Ureña-Alvarado
- Diseño Gráfico, Sede de Occidente, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Ramón, Alajuela, Costa Rica
| | - G Maynard-Hernández
- Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - L Santamaría-Montero
- Department of History of Art, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,Escuela de Artes Plásticas, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - M Cob-Delgado
- Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza, en Nutrición y Salud, 42250, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - E Angulo-Pardo
- Grupo de Investigaciones en Estratigrafía, y Vulcanología (GIEV-Cumanday) y Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas de la Universidad de Caldas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Estratigrafía (IIES), Calle 65 # 26-10, 1700004, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Felipe Vallejo
- Grupo de Investigaciones en Estratigrafía, y Vulcanología (GIEV-Cumanday) y Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas de la Universidad de Caldas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Estratigrafía (IIES), Calle 65 # 26-10, 1700004, Manizales, Colombia.,Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Salamanca, España, Plaza de los Caídos, s/n, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M I Sandoval
- Escuela Centroamericana de Geología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - A M Durán-Quesada
- Departamento de Física Atmosférica, Oceánica y Planetaria & Laboratorio para la Observación del Sistema Climático, Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - M Redondo-Solano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.,Laboratorio de Investigación y Entrenamiento en Microbiología de Alimentos y Aguas (LIMA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - O A Herrera-Sancho
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica. .,Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica. .,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Atómicas Nucleares y Moleculares, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica.
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Assi F, Hammoud R, Ezzedine A, Rahal H. Sphingomonas paucimobilis native valve endocarditis and mycotic cerebral aneurysm in a patient with Crohn's disease: Case report and review of literature. IDCases 2023; 31:e01687. [PMID: 36654734 PMCID: PMC9841342 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2023.e01687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This report describes a case of Sphingomonas paucimobilis bacteremia and infective endocarditis with a mycotic aneurysm in a young patient with Crohn's disease. Our patient reported prolonged intermittent fever followed by sudden hemiparesis and a tonic clonic convulsion. His blood cultures showed growth of Sphingomonas paucimobilis, and further cardiac imaging revealed the presence of a vegetation with severe valvular regurgitation. Cerebral angiography showed middle cerebral artery occlusion and aneurysm. The patient was treated with meropenem for 6 weeks, coupled with aortic valve replacement, and coiling of the aneurysm. Our patient recovered with good results. S. paucimobilis is an opportunistic gram-negative pathogen of growing importance in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Assi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon,Correspondence to: Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ramzi Hammoud
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Ezzedine
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Rahal
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon,Bahman Hospital, Haret Hreik, Lebanon
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7
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Tito E, Ahmad A, Gongolli J, Issack W, Johnson A. Sphingomonas paucimobilis Bacteremia in a Patient With Retropharyngeal Abscess. Cureus 2022; 14:e25407. [PMID: 35774695 PMCID: PMC9236680 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a nonfermenting gram-negative bacillus that is widely distributed in both community environments and hospitals. Various infections have been identified in humans, but most have been limited to case reports. When reported, it is most commonly nosocomial infections associated with contaminated hospital equipment such as indwelling catheters, ventilators, hemodialysis devices, and very rarely upper respiratory tract infections. We report an unusual presentation of S. paucimobilis infection. This case report describes a 59-year-old immunocompetent man who presented with a retropharyngeal abscess. Blood culture was positive for S. paucimobilis. The patient was treated for a total of 21 days of intravenous (IV) cefepime and oral (PO) metronidazole. He showed significant improvement and was discharged home with no medical sequelae.
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Aşkın FN, Erinmez M, Ören AC, Manay AB, Zer Y. Sphingomonas paucimobilis outbreak a pediatric haematology/oncology hospital: epidemiological investigation and literature review of an emerging healthcare-associated infection. Jpn J Infect Dis 2022; 75:374-381. [DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2021.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feyza Nur Aşkın
- Gaziantep University School of Medicine Department of Medical Microbiology, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erinmez
- Gaziantep University School of Medicine Department of Medical Microbiology, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Ceyda Ören
- Gaziantep University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Haematology, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Büyüktaş Manay
- Gaziantep University School of Medicine Department of Medical Microbiology, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Zer
- Gaziantep University School of Medicine Department of Medical Microbiology, Turkey
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9
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Respiratory flora: The potential biomarker of radiation-induced pulmonary injury. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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10
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Bavaro DF, Romanelli F, Stolfa S, Belati A, Diella L, Ronga L, Fico C, Monno L, Mosca A, Saracino A. Recurrent neurosurgical site infection by extensively drug-resistant P. aeruginosa treated with cefiderocol: a case report and literature review. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 53:206-211. [PMID: 33295821 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2020.1856921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cefiderocol is a new siderophore cephalosporin designed to be active against extensively resistant Gram-negative bacteria; however, clinical studies are limited to complicated urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and intra-abdominal infections. To date, no data are available on neurosurgical site infections. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a patient successfully cured with Cefiderocol for a neurosurgical site infection due to extensively resistant P. aeruginosa, who had failed a previous treatment based on combined antimicrobial therapy and right parietal bone excision. CONCLUSIONS Cefiderocol is a promising antibiotic for complicated infections due to multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Fiore Bavaro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Romanelli
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Stolfa
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Belati
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Diella
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Ronga
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Cecilia Fico
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Monno
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Adriana Mosca
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Saracino
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, University Hospital Policlinico, Bari, Italy
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Di Gennaro F, Marotta C, Amicone M, Bavaro DF, Bernaudo F, Frisicale EM, Kurotschka PK, Mazzari A, Veronese N, Murri R, Fantoni M. Italian young doctors' knowledge, attitudes and practices on antibiotic use and resistance: A national cross-sectional survey. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 23:167-173. [PMID: 32971291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major health issues worldwide. Clinicians should play a central role to fight AMR, and medical training is a pivotal issue to combat it; therefore, assessing levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices among young doctors is essential for future antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes. METHODS A nationwide, cross-sectional, multicentre survey was conducted in Italy. A descriptive analysis of knowledge and attitudes was performed, along with a univariate and multivariate analysis of their determinants. RESULTS Overall, 1179 young doctors accessed the survey and 1055 (89.5%) completed all sections. Regarding the knowledge section of the questionnaire, almost all participants declared to know the different species of bacteria proposed, however the percentage of participants who correctly responded to clinical quizzes was 23% for the question on vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), 42% on carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), 32% on extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteria (ESBL) and 27% on methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Similarly, 81% of participants disagreed in stating that AMR was adequately addressed during their medical training and 71% disagreed that they received the right example from their tutors. Finally, a high rate of agreement with the proposed actions to combat AMR was documented; in particular, the percentage agreement was 76% for respondents who agreed to be part of an active surveillance system or AMS programme. CONCLUSIONS Tackling AMR should be a priority for politicians and for all health workers. Inclusion of competencies in antibiotic use in all specialty curricula is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Di Gennaro
- Italian Young Medical Doctors Association, Italy; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - C Marotta
- Italian Young Medical Doctors Association, Italy; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - M Amicone
- Italian Young Medical Doctors Association, Italy; Department of Public Health, Nephrology Unit, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - D F Bavaro
- Italian Young Medical Doctors Association, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - F Bernaudo
- Italian Young Medical Doctors Association, Italy; Local Health Authority (ASP) Catanzaro, Italy
| | - E M Frisicale
- Italian Young Medical Doctors Association, Italy; Local Health Authority (ASL) Roma 1, Rome, Italy; Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - P K Kurotschka
- Italian Young Medical Doctors Association, Italy; Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Mazzari
- Division of General Surgery, Cristo Re Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - N Veronese
- University of Palermo, Geriatrics Department, Palermo, Italy
| | - R Murri
- Department di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica S Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fantoni
- Department di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica S Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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