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Saito H, Ueta T, Araie M, Enomoto N, Kambayashi M, Murata H, Kikawa T, Sugiyama K, Higashide T, Miki A, Iwase A, Tomita G, Nakazawa T, Aihara M, Ohno-Matsui K, Kim TW, Leung CKS, Zangwill LM, Weinreb RN. Association of Bergmeister Papilla and Deep Optic Nerve Head Structures With Prelaminar Schisis of Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 257:91-102. [PMID: 37689330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate factors associated with the severity of prelaminar schisis (PLS) in heathy subjects and glaucoma patients. DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS A total of 217 eyes of 217 subjects (110 normal eyes and 107 open angle glaucoma eyes) were studied. Frequency and severity of PLS were compared between normal and glaucomatous eyes. Multivariate logistic models were used to assess factors associated with the severity of PLS. Factors considered were age, axial length, glaucomatous damage indices, Bruch membrane opening (BMO) and anterior scleral canal opening parameters, tractional forces (posterior vitreous staging and presence of Bergmeister papilla), circumpapillary choroidal thickness, lamina cribrosa (LC) parameters, and peripapillary scleral (PPS) angle. RESULTS The frequency of PLS was 70.9% in normal eyes and 72.0% in glaucomatous eyes. There was no difference in frequency and severity between the groups. The presence of Bergmeister papilla was the strongest predictor of a more severe PLS in both normal and glaucomatous eyes (odds ratio [OR] + 9.78, 12.5; both P < .001). A larger PPS angle in normal eyes (OR = 1.19; P = .003) and a larger BMO area and a deeper LC depth in glaucomatous eyes (OR = 1.08, 1.05; both P = .038) were associated with severity of PLS. CONCLUSIONS The severity of PLS was strongly associated with the presence of Bergmeister papilla, suggesting a traction-related phenomenon. Correlation of PLS severity with larger BMO area and deeper LC depth, which are optic nerve head structures associated with glaucoma, suggested its possible relationship with glaucomatous damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Saito
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (H.S., T.U., M.K., M.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takashi Ueta
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (H.S., T.U., M.K., M.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Araie
- Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers (M.A.), Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuki Kambayashi
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (H.S., T.U., M.K., M.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murata
- Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (H.M.), Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhisa Sugiyama
- Department of Ophthalmology (K.S., T.H.), Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Higashide
- Department of Ophthalmology (K.S., T.H.), Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Atsuya Miki
- Department of Innovative Visual Science (A.M.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Myopia Control Research (A.M.), Aichi Medical University Medical School, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Aiko Iwase
- Tajimi Iwase Eye Clinic (A.I.), Tajimi, Japan
| | - Goji Tomita
- Department of Ophthalmology (G.T.), Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology (T.N.), Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (H.S., T.U., M.K., M.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers (M.A.), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science (K.O.-M.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tae-Woo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology (T.-W.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Christopher Kai Shun Leung
- Department of Ophthalmology (C.K.S.L.), LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Linda M Zangwill
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center (L.M.Z., R.N.W.), Shiley Eye Institute, and the Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert N Weinreb
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center (L.M.Z., R.N.W.), Shiley Eye Institute, and the Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Tirendi S, Domenicotti C, Bassi AM, Vernazza S. Genetics and Glaucoma: the state of the art. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1289952. [PMID: 38152303 PMCID: PMC10751926 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1289952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Although genetic background contributes differently to rare early-onset glaucoma (before age 40) or common adult-onset glaucoma, it is now considered an important factor in all major forms of the disease. Genetic and genomic studies, including GWAS, are contributing to identifying novel loci associated with glaucoma or to endophenotypes across ancestries to enrich the knowledge about glaucoma genetic susceptibility. Moreover, new high-throughput functional genomics contributes to defining the relevance of genetic results in the biological pathways and processes involved in glaucoma pathogenesis. Such studies are expected to advance significantly our understanding of glaucoma's genetic basis and provide new druggable targets to treat glaucoma. This review gives an overview of the role of genetics in the pathogenesis or risk of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tirendi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Domenicotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Bassi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Vernazza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
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Jiang J, Song Y, Kong K, Wang P, Lin F, Gao X, Wang Z, Jin L, Chen M, Lam DSC, Weinreb RN, Jonas JB, Ohno-Matsui K, Chen S, Zhang X. Optic Nerve Head Abnormalities in Nonpathologic High Myopia and the Relationship With Visual Field. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2023; 12:460-467. [PMID: 37851563 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the optic nerve head (ONH) abnormalities in nonpathologic highly myopic eyes based on swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the relationship with visual field (VF). DESIGN Secondary analysis from a longitudinal cohort study. METHODS Highly myopic patients without myopic maculopathy of category 2 or higher were enrolled. All participants underwent a swept-source OCT examination focused on ONH. We differentiated between 3 major types (optic disc morphologic abnormality, papillary/peripapillary tissue defect, and papillary/peripapillary schisis) and 12 subtypes of ONH abnormalities. The prevalence and characteristics of ONH abnormalities and the relationship with VF were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 857 participants (1389 eyes) were included. Among the 1389 eyes, 91.86%, 68.61%, and 34.92% of them had at least 1, 2, or 3 ONH abnormalities, respectively, which corresponded to 29.55%, 31.79%, and 35.67% of VF defects, respectively. Among the 12 subtypes of the 3 major types, peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structure, visible retrobulbar subarachnoid space, and prelaminar schisis were the most common, respectively. Perimetric defects corresponding to OCT abnormalities were more commonly found in eyes with peripapillary retinal detachment, peripapillary retinoschisis, and peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structure. Glaucoma-like VF defects were more common in eyes with deep optic cups (28.17%) and with optic disc pit/pit-like change (18.92%). CONCLUSIONS We observed and clarified the ONH structural abnormalities in eyes with nonpathologic high myopia. These descriptions may be helpful to differentiate changes in pathologic high myopia or glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangjie Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengbin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinbo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dennis S C Lam
- The C-MER Dennis Lam and Partners Eye Center, C-MER International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, China
- The International Eye Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Robert N Weinreb
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Viterbi Family and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, US
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Shida Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiulan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Kim HJ, Sung MS, Park SW. Factors Associated with Visual Acuity in Advanced Glaucoma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093076. [PMID: 37176517 PMCID: PMC10179664 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to comprehensively analyze various parameters in advanced glaucoma patients to identify the factors that can affect best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in advanced glaucoma. This cross-sectional retrospective study included 113 patients (mean age, 61.66 ± 13.26 years; males, 67) who had advanced glaucomatous damage (113 eyes; mean BCVA, 0.18 ± 0.38 logMAR; mean deviation of 30-2 visual field [VF], -19.08 ± 6.23 dB). Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and total and segmented macular thickness (RNFL, ganglion cell layer (GCL), and inner plexiform layer (GCL)) were measured using Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT). Correlations between BCVA and OCT parameters or 30-2 VF parameters were assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with BCVA in advanced glaucoma patients. Peripapillary RNFL thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and global macular RNFL, GCL, IPL, and total thickness were found to be significantly correlated with BCVA and central visual function. Multivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between subfoveal choroidal thickness and BCVA. In addition, central VF mean sensitivity, especially inferior hemifield, showed a significant relationship with BCVA. In conclusion, subfoveal choroidal thickness and central VF sensitivity, especially the inferior hemifield area, are factors that affect BCVA in advanced glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jee Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Sung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
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Xie S, Kamoi K, Igarashi-Yokoi T, Uramoto K, Takahashi H, Nakao N, Ohno-Matsui K. Structural Abnormalities in the Papillary and Peripapillary Areas and Corresponding Visual Field Defects in Eyes With Pathologic Myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:13. [PMID: 35446343 PMCID: PMC9034715 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify structural abnormalities in the papillary and peripapillary area in eyes with pathologic myopia (PM) and normal IOP and to determine their relationship to visual field (VF) defects. Methods One hundred eight eyes of 70 patients with PM were retrospectively studied. The disc-centered swept source optical coherence tomographic images and the Goldmann VF recorded within 1 year of the optical coherence tomographic examination were analyzed. Four structural abnormalities were identified: lamina cribrosa (LC) defects, ridge protrusions, intrachoroidal cavitations (ICC), and prelaminar schisis. The correspondence of the VF defects with the structural abnormalities was assessed. Results The mean age, axial length, and optic disc area of the 108 eyes were 58.7 ± 10.0 years, 31.1 ± 2.4 mm, and 4.7 ± 2.2 mm2, respectively. Eighty-five of the 108 eyes (78.7%) had at least one abnormality and 49.4% (42/85) had two or more abnormalities. LC defects, ridge protrusions, ICC, and prelaminar schisis were detected in 47.2%, 33.3%, 21.3%, and 30.6% of the eyes, respectively. VF defects at the corresponding areas of these structural abnormalities were seen in 63% of the eyes with LC defects, 39% of the eyes with ridge protrusions, and 21% of the eyes with ICC. Conclusions Four kinds of structural abnormalities with corresponding VF defects are commonly observed in the papillary and peripapillary region of eyes with PM. The presence of these abnormalities suggests a possibility of functional damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koju Kamoi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tae Igarashi-Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Uramoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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